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Carbendazim: a Potent Fungicide with Anticancer Therapeutic Properties

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Carbendazim: a Potent Fungicide with Anticancer Therapeutic Properties Article i Review Anticancer Agents Med Chem . 2018;18(1):38-45. doi: 10.2174/1871520616666161221113623. Double Edge Sword Behavior of Carbendazim: A Potent Fungicide With Anticancer Therapeutic Properties Karan Goyal 1, Ajay Sharma 2, Ridhima Arya 1, Rohit Sharma 1, Girish K Gupta 3, Anil K Sharma 1 Affiliations expand PMID: 28003000 DOI: 10.2174/1871520616666161221113623 Abstract Background: A number of benzimidazole derivatives such as benomyl and carbendazim have been known for their potential role as agricultural fungicides. Simultaneously carbendazim has also been found to inhibit proliferation of mammalian tumor cells specifically drug and multidrug resistant cell lines. Objective: To understand the dual role of Carbendazim as a fungicide and an anticancer agent, the study has been planned referring to the earlier studies in literature. Results: Studies carried out with fungal and mammalian cells have highlighted the potential role of carbendazim in inhibiting proliferation of cells, thereby exhibiting therapeutic implications against cancer. Because of its promising preclinical antitumor activity, Carbendazim had undergone phase I clinical trials and is under further clinical investigations for the treatment of cancer. A number of theoretical interactions have been pinpointed. There are many anticancer drugs in the market, but their usefulness is limited because of drug resistance in a significant proportion of patients. The hunger for newer drugs drives anticancer drug discovery research on a global platform and requires innovations to ensure a sustainable pipeline of lead compounds. Conclusion: Current review highlights the dual role of carbendazim as a fungicide and an anticancer agent. Further, the harmful effects of carbendazim and emphasis upon the need for more pharmacokinetic studies and pharmacovigilance data to ascertain its clinical significance, have also been discussed. Keywords: Anticancer; benzimidazole; carbendazim; fungicide; sword.; therapeutic. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected]. Article Ii Toxicity, monitoring and biodegradation of the fungicide carbendazim Article (PDF Available) in Environmental Chemistry Letters 14(3) · June 2016 with 4,340 Reads DOI: 10.1007/s10311-016-0566-2 Cite this publication Simranjeet Singh 26.04Lovely Professional University Nasib Singh + 4 Vijay Kumar 25.48Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt of India ShivikaDatta Show more authors Abstract The increasing use of toxic pesticides is a major environmental concern. Carbendazim is a systemic fungicide having wide applications for controlling fungal diseases in agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicines. Carbendazim is a major pollutant detectable in food, soil and water. Carbendazim extensive and repeated use induces acute and delayed toxic effects on humans, invertebrates, aquatic life forms and soil microorganisms. Here, we review the pollution, non-target toxicity and microbial degradation of carbendazim for crop and veterinary purposes. We found that carbendazim causes embryotoxicity, apoptosis, teratogenicity, infertility, hepatocellular dysfunction, endocrine-disrupting effects, disruption of haematological functions, mitotic spindle abnormalities, mutagenic and aneugenic effect. We also found that carbendazim disrupted the microbial community structure in various ecosystems. The detection of carbendazim in soil and reservoir sites is performed by spectroscopic, chromatographic, voltammetric, nanoparticles, carbon electrodes and mass spectrometry. A review of the degradation of carbendazim shows that carbendazim undergoes partial to complete biodegradation in the soil and water by Azospirillum, Aeromonas, Alternaria, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces and Trichoderma. Article I Toxicity, monitoring and biodegradation of the fungicide carbendazim Article (PDF Available) in Environmental Chemistry Letters 14(3) · June 2016 with 4,317 Reads DOI: 10.1007/s10311-016-0566-2 Cite this publication Simranjeet Singh 26.04Lovely Professional University Nasib Singh + 4 Vijay Kumar 25.48Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt of India ShivikaDatta Show more authors Abstract The increasing use of toxic pesticides is a major environmental concern. Carbendazim is a systemic fungicide having wide applications for controlling fungal diseases in agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicines. Carbendazim is a major pollutant detectable in food, soil and water. Carbendazim extensive and repeated use induces acute and delayed toxic effects on humans, invertebrates, aquatic life forms and soil microorganisms. Here, we review the pollution, non-target toxicity and microbial degradation of carbendazim for crop and veterinary purposes. We found that carbendazim causes embryotoxicity, apoptosis, teratogenicity, infertility, hepatocellular dysfunction, endocrine-disrupting effects, disruption of haematological functions, mitotic spindle abnormalities, mutagenic and aneugenic effect. We also found that carbendazim disrupted the microbial community structure in various ecosystems. The detection of carbendazim in soil and reservoir sites is performed by spectroscopic, chromatographic, voltammetric, nanoparticles, carbon electrodes and mass spectrometry. A review of the degradation of carbendazim shows that carbendazim undergoes partial to complete biodegradation in the soil and water by Azospirillum, Aeromonas, Alternaria, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces and Trichoderma. Article Ii Review Published: 01 June 2016 Toxicity, monitoring and biodegradation of the fungicide carbendazim Simranjeet Singh, Nasib Singh, Vijay Kumar, ShivikaDatta, Abdul BasitWani, Damnita Singh, Karan Singh &Joginder Singh Environmental Chemistry Letters volume 14, pages317–329(2016)Cite this article 1327 Accesses 58 Citations 2 Altmetric Metricsdetails Abstract The increasing use of toxic pesticides is a major environmental concern. Carbendazim is a systemic fungicide having wide applications for controlling fungal diseases in agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicines. Carbendazim is a major pollutant detectable in food, soil and water. Carbendazim extensive and repeated use induces acute and delayed toxic effects on humans, invertebrates, aquatic life forms and soil microorganisms. Here, we review the pollution, non-target toxicity and microbial degradation of carbendazim for crop and veterinary purposes. We found that carbendazim causes embryotoxicity, apoptosis, teratogenicity, infertility, hepatocellular dysfunction, endocrine-disrupting effects, disruption of haematological functions, mitotic spindle abnormalities, mutagenic and aneugenic effect. We also found that carbendazim disrupted the microbial community structure in various ecosystems. The detection of carbendazim in soil and reservoir sites is performed by spectroscopic, chromatographic, voltammetric, nanoparticles, carbon electrodes and mass spectrometry. A review of the degradation of carbendazim shows that carbendazim undergoes partial to complete biodegradation in the soil and water by Azospirillum, Aeromonas, Alternaria, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces and Trichoderma. J Toxicol Environ Health A . 2004 Oct 8;67(19):1501-15. doi: 10.1080/15287390490486833. Endocrine-disrupting activity in carbendazim-induced reproductive and developmental toxicity in rats Shui-Yuan Lu 1, Jiunn-Wang Liao, Min-Liang Kuo, Shun-Cheng Wang, Jenn-Sheng Hwang, Tzuu-Huei Ueng Affiliations expand PMID: 15371226 DOI: 10.1080/15287390490486833 Abstract This study was designed to investigate the endocrine-disrupting activity of carbendazim- induced reproductive and developmental toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats treated orally with the fungicide. Cotreatment of male rats with 675 mg/kg carbendazim and 50 or 100 mg/kg flutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist, once daily for 28 d blocked decrease of testis weight induced by treatment with carbendazim alone. The cotreatment prevented losses of spermatozoa and cell morphology and decrease of sperm concentration induced by carbendazim. Premating treatment of male and female rats with 200 mg/kg carbendazim for 28 d produced androgenic effects including incomplete development of uterine horn, enlargement of uretha, absence of vagina, and induction of seminal vesicles in female offspring, without marked effects in male offspring. Premating treatment with 100mg/kg benomyl, the parent compound of carbendazim, resulted in incomplete development of uterine horn and absence of vagina in female offspring and produced testis and epidydimis atropy in male offspring. Treatment of male rats with 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg carbendazim for 56 d produced dose-dependent increases of androgen receptor concentrations in testis and epididymis. Additions of 5, 50, and 500 microM carbendazim to testis extract from untreated rats replaced binding of [3H]-5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone to androgen receptor in a concentration-dependent manner. The present study demonstrates that reproductive toxicity induced by carbendazim is blocked by an androgen receptor antagonist in male rats and developmental toxicity of the fungicide shows androgenic properties in female offspring. These results suggest that androgen- and androgen receptor-dependent
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