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Saving Multilateralism: Renovating the House of Global Economic
paper series saViNG MULTiLaTeraLisM RENOVATING THE HOUSE OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY JeNNifer HiLLMaN The German marshall Fund oF The uniTed sTaTes © 2010 The German Marshall Fund of the United States. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF). Please direct inquiries to: The German Marshall Fund of the United States 1744 R Street, NW Washington, DC 20009 T 1 202 683 2650 F 1 202 265 1662 E [email protected] This publication can be downloaded for free at http://www.gmfus.org/publications/index.cfm. Limited print copies are also available. To request a copy, send an e-mail to [email protected]. GMF Paper Series The GMF Paper Series presents research on a variety of transatlantic topics by staff, fellows, and partners of the German Marshall Fund of the United States. The views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the view of GMF. Comments from readers are welcome; reply to the mailing address above or by e-mail to [email protected]. About GMF The German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF) is a non-partisan American public policy and grant-making institu- tion dedicated to promoting greater cooperation and understanding between North America and Europe. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can address a variety of global policy challenges. -
2004Letter from the President
A BOUT GMF he German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF) is an American public policy and grantmaking institution Tdedicated to promoting greater cooperation and understanding between the United States and Europe. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can address a variety of global policy challenges. In addition, GMF supports a number of initiatives to strengthen democracies. Founded in 1972 through a gift from Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a strong presence on both sides of the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF has five offices in Europe: Belgrade, Berlin, Bratislava, Brussels, and Paris. TABLE OF CONTENTS 2004LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT . .2 HIGHLIGHTS . .4 Marshall Forum on Transatlantic Affairs International Commission on the Balkans Transatlantic Trends 2004 Public Opinion Survey Trade and Poverty Forum Call to Action Transatlantic Speaker Series Turning an Eye to Turkey PROGRAM AREAS . .8 TRANSATLANTIC POLICY PROGRAM . .9 POLICY DIALOGUE . .9 NATO Summit Trade and Development Program Bundestag Forum on the United States Black Sea Conference Series U.S.–EU Summit Think Tank Symposium Wider Europe Conference Transatlantic Journalists Forum Frozen Conflicts SUPPORT FOR INSTITUTIONS . .16 Foreign Policy Key Institution Program Central and Eastern Europe Key Institution Program Immigration and Integration Key Institution Program SUPPORT FOR INDIVIDUALS . .18 Transatlantic Fellows Program Research Fellowship Program Journalism Fellowship Program TRANSATLANTIC LEADERS PROGRAM . .20 Marshall Memorial Fellowship Congress–Bundestag Forum Transatlantic Initiatives Fund Transatlantic Community Foundation Fellowship Journalism Study Tours APSA Congressional Fellowship Manfred Wörner Seminar STRENGTHENING DEMOCRACIES . -
Dhruva Jaishankar Fellow, Foreign Policy, Brookings India
Dhruva Jaishankar Fellow, Foreign Policy, Brookings India 6 Dr. Jose P. Rizal Marg, 2nd Floor, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021 India D: 91.11.2415.7772 | M: 91.92.0550.6701 | E: [email protected] @d_jaishankar djaishankar83 dhruvajaishankar EMPLOYMENT Brookings Institution India Center, New Delhi, India 2016-present Fellow, Foreign Policy S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Singapore 2015-2016 Visiting Fellow, South Asia Program The German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF), Washington DC, USA 2009-2016 Transatlantic Fellow, Asia Program (2012-present) Program Officer, Asia Program (2009-2012) The Brookings Institution, Washington DC, USA 2007-2009 Senior Research Assistant, 21st Century Defense Initiative (2009) Research Assistant, Foreign Policy Studies (2007-2009) CNN-IBN Television, New Delhi, India 2006 News Writer and Correspondent, World News Desk Edward N. Luttwak, Chevy Chase, Md., USA 2006 Research Assistant The Aspen Institute, Washington DC, USA 2005 Brent Scowcroft Award Fellow, Aspen Strategy Group EDUCATION Master of Arts in Security Studies (M.A.) 2011 Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service Concentration: International Security. Honors for Outstanding Academic Achievement, 2011. Security Studies Program Scholarship, 2009-2011. Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) 2005 Macalester College, Saint Paul, Minn., USA Majors: History & Classics. Minor: Geology. Yahya Armajani Endowed Prize in History, 2005. DeWitt Wallace Scholarship, 2001-2005. 1 SELECT CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS AND LECTURES “India – and Indians – as Global Leaders,” O.P. Jindal School, Sonipat, Haryana, August 1, 2016. “India and the Liberal International Order,” New Zealand-India Research Institute and Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, June 8, 2016. -
Annual Report 2007
OFFICES Washington • Berlin • Bratislava • Paris Brussels • Belgrade • Ankara • Bucharest www.gmfus.org Annual Report 2007 The German Marshall Fund of the United States Board List (GMF) is a nonpartisan American public policy and Guido Goldman grantmaking institution dedicated to promoting greater Co-chair cooperation and understanding between the United States and Europe. Marc Leland Co-chair GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to Calvin Dooley discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by Marc Grossman examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can David Ignatius address a variety of global policy challenges. In addition, Nike Irvin GMF supports a number of initiatives to strengthen Scott Klug democracies. Roman Martinez IV Richard Powers Founded in 1972 through a gift from Germany as a J. Thomas Presby permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF John Ross maintains a strong presence on both sides of the Atlantic. Barbara Shailor In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF Amity Shlaes has seven offices in Europe: Berlin, Bratislava, Paris, Jenonne Walker Brussels, Belgrade, Ankara, and Bucharest. J. Robinson West Suzanne Woolsey Leah Zell Wanger Craig Kennedy President Illustrations by Brian Hubble Table of Contents 2 Letter from the President 30 Grantmaking Black Sea Trust Launch 4 Convening Balkan Trust for Democracy Brussels Forum Trust for Civil Society in Central and Eastern Europe Marshall Plan 60th Anniversary Foreign -
Key Findings 2005 Transatlantic Trends 2005 Partners
Key Findings 2005 Transatlantic Trends 2005 Partners 1985 © © 2005 Methodology: TNS Opinion & Social was commissioned to conduct the survey using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews in all countries except Poland, Slovakia, and Turkey, where lower telephone penetration necessitated the use of face-to-face interviews. In all countries a random sample of approximately 1,000 men and women, 18 years of age and older, were interviewed. Interviews were conducted between May 30, 2005 and June 17 2005. For results based on the total national sample in each of the 11 countries surveyed, one can say with 95% confidence that the margin of error attributable to sam- pling and other random effects is plus or minus 3 percentage points. For results based on the total European sample, the margin of margin of error is plus or minus 1 percentage point. The average response rate for the eleven countries surveyed was 24.6%. Europe-wide figures are weighted on the basis of the size of the adult population in each country. The 2004 and 2005 Europe 9 averages (EU9) represents the com- bined responses of France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, and the United Kingdom, while the Europe 10 average (E10) represents responses from these same countries plus Turkey. The Europe-wide average from 2002 (EU6)was constructed using responses from France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and the United Kingdom, while the 2003 Europe-wide average, also referred to as the Europe-7 average (EU7), uses responses from these same countries plus Portugal. For ease of presentation both the EU6 and EU7 averages are listed as part of the Europe 9 average throughout the text. -
2 0 0 6 a N N U a L R E P O
WASHINGTON, DC 1744 R Street NW Washington, DC 20009 T 1 202 745 3950 F 1 202 265 1662 E [email protected] BERLIN Oranienburger Str. 13/14 10178 Berlin, Germany T 49 30 28 88 13 0 F 49 30 28 88 13 10 BRATISLAVA Transatlantic Center for Central and Eastern Europe Štúrova 3 811 02 Bratislava, Slovak Republic T 421 2 5931 1522 F 421 2 5931 1405 PARIS 30 rue Galilée 75116 Paris, France T 33 1 47 23 47 18 F 33 1 47 23 48 16 BRUSSELS Transatlantic Center Résidence Palace Rue de la Loi 155 Wetstraat 1040 Brussels, Belgium T 32 2 238 5270 F 32 2 238 5299 BELGRADE Balkan Trust for Democracy Dobraˇcina 44 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia T 381 11 30 36 454 F 381 11 32 88 022 ANKARA 2006 ANNUAL REPORT Tunus Cad. No.15/4 Kavaklıdere 06680 Ankara, Turkey T 90 312 425 6677 F 90 312 425 3399 www.gmfus.org THE GERMAN MARSHALL FUND OF THE UNITED StATES (GMF) is a nonpartisan American public policy and grantmaking institution dedicated to promoting greater cooperation and understanding between the United States and Europe. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can address a variety of global policy challenges. In addition, GMF supports a number of initiatives to strengthen democracies. Founded in 1972 through a gift from Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a strong presence on both sides of the Atlantic. -
GMF3732 Annual Report
2003 A B OUT GMF he German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF) is an American public policy and grantmaking institution dedicated Tto promoting greater cooperation and understanding between the United States and Europe. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can address a variety of global policy challenges. All GMF activities are organized within three principal program areas: Transatlantic Policy, Transatlantic Leaders, and Wider Europe. In addition, GMF has developed a strong Central and Eastern Europe program aimed at furthering democratic consolidation and promoting integration into European and transatlantic institutions. Founded in 1972 through a gift from Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a strong presence on both sides of the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF has five offices in Europe: Belgrade, Berlin, Bratislava, Brussels, and Paris. 2003TABLE OF CONTENTS LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT . .2 HIGHLIGHTS . .4 Transatlantic Trends 2003 U.S.–EU Think Tank Symposium Balkan Trust for Democracy Peter R. Weitz Journalism Prizes Strategic Discussion with Henry Kissinger GMF Transatlantic Center in Brussels Trade and Poverty Forum Inaugurated PROGRAM AREAS . .8 TRANSATLANTIC POLICY PROGRAM . .9 POLICY DIALOGUE . .9 Transatlantic Trends 2003 Public Opinion Survey Trade and Poverty Forum Bundestag Forum on the United States Agriculture, Genetically Modified Organisms, and Trade Tremezzo Meeting SUPPORT FOR INSTITUTIONS . .12 Foreign Policy Key Institution Program Central and Eastern Europe Key Institution Program Immigration and Integration Key Institution Program SUPPORT FOR INDIVIDUALS . -
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Transatlantic 360 Take Photo: J.S. Photographer Looking Ahead to the German Elections GMF Experts From Across the Atlantic On Their Expectations For The New Bundestag Americans only have eyes for Angela Merkel. When Washington: American leadership is not always a we look across the Atlantic at the German election, given. An opening has been created, and it is up to we cannot imagine that anyone other than Merkel the next German chancellor to grab it. could lead Europe’s most powerful economy. Merkel has become the indispensable European. Paris: Merkel has lost a liberal ally and gained adversaries. She understands that there is no Merkel looks poised to glide to victory on September alternative to the political partnership with Macron. 24 and secure a fourth term in office. Even if she succeeds, we would be mistaken to assume that Brussels: There is a striking difference between German politics is static. Merkel’s dominance of the expectations for a new German government Germany’s highest office masks a shifting political and the reality of the campaigns. The risk is that landscape with a record seven parties likely to be Merkel will continue to muddle-through. represented in Parliament. Ankara: Turkey has played a surprisingly prominent Assuming the CDU is the big winner later this role in the last months of the campaign. Ankara is month, Merkel will set out to build a new coalition. waiting to see if rhetoric will become reality. Some argue that the path of least resistance would be Bucharest: Romania expects the new German for Merkel to restart another Grand Coalition. -
The Coronavirus Crisis Highlights Germany's “Reluctant Leader”
Transatlantic Take 5 May 2020 The Coronavirus Crisis Highlights Germany’s “Reluctant Leader” Problem James Bindenagel The coronavirus pandemic will determine the fate of the European Union. It will change economies, health- care, the media, and international relations. Earlier pandemics and the end of the Cold War, the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and the 2008 financial crisis reordered society. This one will test trust in government, social cohesion, inequality in an economic recession, and renewed hope for global climate change. It poses one of the most significant threats to humankind. In Europe, the coronavirus has already shattered lives, disrupted markets, and exposed the competence (or lack thereof) of governments, and it will lead to permanent shifts in political and economic power in ways that test solidarity and give rise to authoritarianism. The EU can rightfully expect Germany to drive it in solidarity with other member states. The pandemic will determine whether Germany will see leadership in the EU as being in its interest. We will see if Chancellor Angela Merkel can take the steps necessary to convince the German public that the collapse of the European market for its exports will return Germany to the role of the economic “sick man of Europe,” which the eurozone has so far prevented. The “German problem” is one of a reluctant leader caught between its national interest and its constitutional commitment to Europe. EU Solidarity European solidarity is at risk from a virus that respects no boundaries. No country is guilty of creating it. Those who act will shape the new normal. Italy’s Prime Minister Conte called for solidarity in the spirit of Robert Schuman, Konrad Adenauer, and Alcide de Gasperi in this crisis. -
2005 Annual Report
2005 ANNUAL REPORT THE GERMAN MARSHALL FUND OF THE UNITED STATES (GMF) is a nonpartisan American public policy and grantmaking institution dedicated to promoting greater cooperation and understanding between the United States and Europe. GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working on transatlantic issues, by convening leaders to discuss the most pressing transatlantic themes, and by examining ways in which transatlantic cooperation can address a variety of global policy challenges. In addition, GMF supports a number of initiatives to strengthen democracies. Founded in 1972 through a gift from Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains a strong presence on both sides of the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF has six offices in Europe: Berlin, Bratislava, Paris, Brussels, Belgrade, and Ankara. TABLE OF CONTENTS 2005 LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT ........................ 2 HIGHLIGHTS ....................................... 4 BUSH AND POWELL REACH OUT TO EUROPE BLACK SEA STUDY TOURS GMF OPENS ANKARA OFFICE TRADE AND POVERTY FORUM MEETS IN NAGOYA Transatlantic Trends 2005 PROMOTING AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT DURING THE G8 TRANSATLANTIC POLICY PROGRAMS ................ 10 TRANSATLANTIC FELLOWS PROGRAM COMPARATIVE DOMESTIC POLICY PROGRAM KEY INSTITUTION PROGRAMS MARSHALL FORUM ON TRANSATLANTIC AFFAIRS BRUSSELS DISTINGUISHED SPEAKERS SERIES BUNDESTAG FORUM ON THE UNITED STATES EU CONSTITUTION CONFERENCE TRANSATLANTIC THINK TANK SYMPOSIUM RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM STRENGTHENING -
Charting a Transatlantic Course to Address China
OCTOBER 2020 Charting a Transatlantic Course to Address China Julie Smith, Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Carisa Nietsche, and Ellison Laskowski About the Authors About the CNAS Transatlantic Julie Smith is the Director of the Security Program Asia Program at the German Marshall The mission of the Transatlantic Security Program Fund of the United States. Formerly (TSP) is to strengthen transatlantic relations and help she served as the Deputy National decision makers understand, anticipate, and respond Security Advisor to Vice President to challenges in Europe and Russia. Key among these Joe Biden. challenges are the rise of China, an increasingly asser- tive Russia, threats to democracy, and other changes in Dr. Andrea Kendall-Taylor is a Europe’s security landscape that will require NATO to Senior Fellow and Director of the adapt. TSP addresses these issues by working closely Transatlantic Security Program at with our network of current and former U.S. and the Center for a New American European government officials, private sector partners, Security. Formerly she served as and academic experts to translate cutting-edge Deputy National Intelligence Officer research into policy solutions. We foster high-level for Russia and Eurasia at the National U.S.-European dialogue, convene seminars and public Intelligence Council and as a senior intelligence officer forums, and engage with media and citizens to shape at the Central Intelligence Agency. the context in which policies are made. Carisa Nietsche is the Research Associate for the Transatlantic About the Asia Program at the Security Program at the Center for a New American Security. She spe- German Marshall Fund of the cializes in European security; China’s United States growing influence in Europe; and GMF’s Asia Program pursues the dual goals of threats to democracy in the United developing common U.S.-European approaches to States and Europe, particularly in Hungary, Poland, challenges emanating from Asia and building closer and Turkey. -
A “Full Stack” Approach to Public Media in the United States Sanjay Jolly and Ellen P
Policy Paper July 2021 A “Full Stack” Approach to Public Media in the United States Sanjay Jolly and Ellen P. Goodman Washington, DC Ankara Belgrade Berlin Brussels Bucharest Paris Warsaw Policy Paper July 2021 Summary Over the course of U.S. history, and especially in turbu- pushes them toward disinformation and discord.1 The lent times, the federal government and civil society problem is so bad that the U.S. Surgeon General has have sought to promote civic information. They have issued an Advisory on health misinformation.2 Disor- sought to make it easier for citizens to get accurate, dered information flows are a global phenomenon local, and timely information, and for suppliers of and some of the responses will require coordinated that information to reach citizens. Exposure to civic effort to change the incentives and characteristics of information and engagement with it is what makes social media and digital advertising. But there are also self-rule possible, which is why the First Amendment distinctly U.S. responses that are available, drawing on is the cornerstone of democratic liberties. As a policy the country’s decentralized public media tradition. matter, the United States has treated civic information This paper outlines what a “full stack” approach as a critical infrastructure—one that should be resil- to new public media might look like. The “full stack” ient and decentralized. The infrastructure built at the involves all the layers in communicating information, nation’s founding started with the postal service. After from production through distribution. In considering the authoritarian surge in Europe around the Second what a reinvigorated infrastructure for civic infor- World War, the focus turned to modifying a highly mation might look like, the paper asks anew what concentrated commercial system of information have always been questions for media policy: How production to shore up democracy.