Advanced Construction and Building Technology for Society

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Advanced Construction and Building Technology for Society Publication 367 Advanced Construction and Building Technology for Society Joint CIB - IAARC Commission on “Customized Industrial Construction” Proceedings of the CIB*IAARC W119 CIC 2012 Workshop “Advanced Construction and Building Technology for Society” Editors: Thomas Bock (Prof. Prof. h. c./SRSTU Dr.-Ing./Univ.Tokio) Christos Georgoulas (Dr.-Ing.) Thomas Linner (Dipl.-Ing.) 24 Oct 2012 Laboratory of Building Realization and Robotics (br)2 Technische Universität München (TUM), Germany Foreword CIB Working Commission, W119 on “Customized Industrial Construction” has been established as the successor of former TG57 on Industrialization in Construction and as a joint CIB-IAARC Commission. Prof Dr Ing Gerhard Girmscheid, ETH Zurich, Switzerland (Coordinator of the former TG57) and Prof Dr Ing Thomas Bock, Technische Universität München, Germany are the appointed Coordinators of this Working Commission. The workshop is hosted by the Chair for Building Realization and Robotics located at TUM within the Bavarian high tech cluster, the Master of Science Course “Advanced Construction and Building Technology” and by IAARC-Academy representing the research training program of the International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC). The workshop will concentrates international researchers, practitioners and selected top-students coming from 8 different professional backgrounds (Architecture, Industrial Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Business Science, Interior Design, Informatics, Mechanical Engineering). Industrialization in Construction will become more customer oriented. Systems for adaptable manufacturing and robot technologies will merge the best aspects of industrialization and automation with aspects of traditional manufacturing. Concepts of mass customization can be implemented via the application of robots in construction and building project/product life cycle as prefabrication processes, on site and in service as socio technical systems. Topics include, but are not limited to the following aspects of Automation and Robotics in Construction: Industrialized Customization in Architecture: Mass Customization off site, Factory Production, Logistics and Factory Networks, Production Logistics/ Site Automation and Robotics: Mass Customization on site, Site Automation, Site Robotics, Site Logistics for Automation, Systems and Technologies, Automation and Robot oriented Site Management Service Science through Automation and Robotics: Mass Customization of performance oriented environments, Automation and Robotic Assisted Living, Service Robotics, Personal Assistance, Demographic change design and management of socio technical systems by human ambient technologies in daily life especially for aging society. Automation and Robot Oriented Design: Design and Buildings Structures Enabling efficient use of Automation and Robotics, Modularization, Product Structure, Building Information Modeling Automation and Robotics Deployment Strategies: Innovative business processes, automation and robot oriented management, human-machine communication, socio technical aspects, socioeconomic aspects, history of automation and robotics Due to insufficient number of submissions, the current CIBW119CIC Workshop has been postponed for next year (2013). The included submissions in this set of Proceedings comprise contribution of the 2011 MSc ACBT students, which are going to be orally presented to the new academic year (2012-2013) MSc ACBT students. We would like to inform you that the call for the next official CIBW119 Workshop will be made in March 2013, hopefully to obtain a greater number of submissions in order to successfully host the event. CIBW119CIC 2012 Author Index Author Index Abulfahem, Mohammad 1 Arshad, Muhammad Irfan 6 Avina Zavala, Marta Ester 17 Biljeek, Mona 23 Butt, Nasir Tabarruk 27 Georgescu, Bogdan 33 Grisales P., Alejandro 38 Jacob, Jan-Felix 46 Maharjan, Jenny 51 Pan, Wen 57 Rahaman, Mustafizur 62 Saimaiti, Paerhati 67 Tsompanoglou, Nefeli 72 Uddin, Mohammad Jamal 78 Vlachousi, Melina Panagiota 84 Yang, Xufeng 90 Zhang, Tianyi 95 1 CIBW119CIC 2012 Keyword Index Keyword Index adaptable kitchen 51 aging slope reduction 33 aging society 51, 62, 95 ambient assistive technology 51 application 67 architecture 62 assistant bed 95 assistive design 33 automation 6, 38, 46, 57, 72, 84 automation and robotics 90 automation in construction 17 building Construction 6 building production 1, 17 concrete building 84 concrete prefabrication 90 construction 84 construction industry innovation 17 construction Robotics 6 construction-simulation 78 construction-visualization 78 decubitus 95 demographic change 51, 90 demographic change design 62 design systems 27 domestic fabrication 23 economic impact 46 efficiency 46 efficiency. 38 elderly professionals 33 furniture 72 future perspective 6 guideline 67 guidelines 1 industrialization 1 integration 38 interactive architecture 67 1 CIBW119CIC 2012 Keyword Index labor force 46 living and Service 95 logistics 38 mass customization 1, 17, 27 mass production 1 mobility 72 modularity 27 on-site production 84 passive exercises 95 personal production system 23 pervasive computing 67 prefabrication 38, 46, 57 prefabrication construction 1 prefabrication industry in construction 17 rammed earth construction 57 rapid prototyping 23 robot oriented design 38 social welfare. 46 storage system 72 technology challenges (cad/cam) 27 technology transfer 33 ubiquitous computing 67 visualization 78 work space design for elders 33 working space 62 2 CIBW119CIC 2012 Table of Contents Table of Contents Mass customization limitation and guidelines in prefabricated construction . 1 Mohammad Abulfahem Automated Horizontal Building Construction A new Paradigm . 6 Muhammad Irfan Arshad Feasibility of new technologies in construction applied in New developed countries . 17 Marta Ester Avina Zavala A DIY Home Personal Production System. 23 Mona Biljeek Mass customization in home industry . 27 Nasir Tabarruk Butt Integrated Work Space Systems for Elderly . 33 Bogdan Georgescu Construction Site Automation: guidelines for analyzing its feasibility, benefits and drawbacks................................................................................ 38 Alejandro Grisales P. Automated Construction An efficiency analysis and the socio-economic impact. 46 Jan-Felix Jacob Demographic Change Design: Integration of Human Ambient Technologies in Kitchen for Aging Society. 51 Jenny Maharjan Prefabrication and Automation in Rammed Earth Building Construction . 57 Wen Pan A Flexible Automated Working Space Module (FAWSM): A Development Approach for Activities of daily living (ADL) . 62 Mustafizur Rahaman Explorative Investigation Approach for Ubiquitous Computing Application Development in Architectural Environment. 67 Paerhati Saimaiti Dealing with mobility issues in home environment: Proposal for vertical moving storage system................................................................................... 72 Nefeli Tsompanoglou Visualization And Simulation Approaches In Construction. 78 Mohammad Jamal Uddin A new vision for Bauschiff Neufert: System evaluation and opportunities for evolution and current use . 84 Melina Panagiota Vlachousi Prefabrication and Automation in Concrete Building Construction . 90 Xufeng Yang 1 CIBW119CIC 2012 Table of Contents Assistant Bed - Solution to Patients in Bed. 95 Tianyi Zhang 2 Mass customization limitation and guidelines in prefabricated construction Mohammad Fuad Abulfahem* Department of Architecture, Building Realization and Robotics Lab, Technical University Munich, Germany *Corresponding author ([email protected]) Purpose In the start of 20th century, most economies in the world were industrialized economies. This industrialization introduces the mass production concept along with other strategies like mass distribution, mass marketing and mass media1. Mass production covered most industries in our life and one of the newsiest industries which adopt mass pro- duction strategy is building construction industry. However, a combination of advances in information and technology (Robotics and advanced equipment ) is making the production increasingly possible to mass customize - to rapidly re- spond to consumers with customized products at mass-production prices2. Mass customization in prefabricated building construction industry is a new strong tool based on integrating organizational structure over the whole value chain corre- sponding with information flows between enterprises product, machinery, robots, customer and all complementary sub- processes3 but in the other hand this mass customization should be controlled by some guidelines depending on some aspects like the type of building (wood, brick or concrete ), architectural aspect, location and climate where the products are targeted. Method By studying and analyzing the different types of prefabricated building construction methods (linear production, 2D production, 3D production ) which apply the principle of mass customization production the author pre- sents the degree of customization for each method, the type of relationship between the factory and the customer and the rules which control this relation. Results & Discussion After studying and analyzing those methods of prefabricated construction and the relationship between the customer and the factory, the author considers a set of general guidelines for building design should be adopted as standards in building mass production
Recommended publications
  • An Investigation of High-Performance Self Compacting Concrete Under Flexural Loading
    Civil Engineering and Architecture 8(6): 1414-1418, 2020 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080624 An Investigation of High-Performance Self Compacting Concrete under Flexural Loading Theerthananda M P1,*, P C Srinivasa1, G M Naveen2 1Department of Civil Engineering, Government Engineering College, Kushalnagar, India 2Department of Civil Engineering, Government Engineering College, Chamarjanagar, India Received October 20, 2020; Revised November 25, 2020; Accepted December 30, 2020 Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles (a): [1] Theerthananda M P, P C Srinivasa, G M Naveen, "An Investigation of High-Performance Self Compacting Concrete under Flexural Loading," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 1414 - 1418, 2020. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080624. (b): Theerthananda M P, P C Srinivasa, G M Naveen (2020). An Investigation of High-Performance Self Compacting Concrete under Flexural Loading. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 8(6), 1414 - 1418. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080624. Copyright©2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract To shorten construction period, to assure compaction in the structure especially in confined zones where vibrating compaction is difficult and to eliminate noise due to vibration effective especially at concrete 1. Introduction products plants SCC is developed in practice. Also, SCC is applied to tunnel lining for preventing the cold joint High Performance Self Compacting Concrete (HPSCC) Self-compacting concrete has been used. Currently, the is the one which ability to Flow, good viscosity, main reasons for the employment of self-compacting segregation resistance and passing ability.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiber in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements 6
    Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA/TX-07/0-4392-2 Accession No. 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date January 2006; Revised December 2006 Fiber in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Dr. Kevin Folliard, David Sutfin, Ryan Turner, and David P. 0-4392-2 Whitney 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Center for Transportation Research 11. Contract or Grant No. The University of Texas at Austin 0-4392 3208 Red River, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78705-2650 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Technical Report 9/1/01–8/31/03 Research and Technology Implementation Office 14. Sponsoring Agency Code P.O. Box 5080 Austin, TX 78763-5080 15. Supplementary Notes Project conducted in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration and the Texas Department of Transportation. Project Title: Use of Fibers in Concrete Pavement 16. Abstract Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) is a major form of highway pavement in Texas due to its increase in ride quality, minimal maintenance, and extended service life. However, CRCP may sometimes experience pavement distress that results in early failure, either due to under-design or the use of poor construction materials. Significant effort has been made to improve the performance of some of these materials (e.g. siliceous river gravel) to achieve an acceptable level of performance but has been unable to provide a practical solution. This research study investigates whether fiber reinforcement may solve some of the problems associated with siliceous river gravel, particularly spalling.
    [Show full text]
  • Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete with Nano Silica and M-Sand
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON NANO CONCRETE WITH NANO SILICA AND M-SAND Mohan Raj.B1, Sugila Devi.G2 1PG Student, Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology, Theni, Tamilnadu, India. 2Assistant Professor, Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology, Theni, Tamilnadu, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The influence of Nano-Silica on various material is Nano Silica (NS). The advancement made by the properties of concrete is obtained by replacing the cement study of concrete at Nano scale has proved the Nano silica is with various percentages of Nano-Silica. Nano-Silica is used as much better than silica fume used in conventional concrete. a partial replacement for cement in the range of 3%, 3.5%, Now, the researchers are capitalizing on nanotechnology to and 10% for M20 mix. Specimens are casted using Nano-Silica innovate a new generation of concrete materials that concrete. Laboratory tests conducted to determine the overcome the above drawbacks and trying to achieve the compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength of sustainable concrete structures. Evolution of materials is Nano-Silica concrete at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. Results need of the day for improved or better performance for indicate that the concrete, by using Nano-Silica powder, was special engineering applications and modifying the bulk able to increase its compressive strength. However, the density state of materials in terms of composition or microstructure is reduce compared to standard mix of concrete.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Wood-Based Fly Ash As Alternative Cement Replacement
    sustainability Article Assessment of Wood-Based Fly Ash as Alternative Cement Replacement Jan Foˇrt 1,2,* , Jiˇrí Šál 2, Jaroslav Žák 2 and Robert Cernˇ ý 1 1 Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákutova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2 Institute of Technology and Business in Ceskˇ é Budˇejovice,Okružní 10, 370 01 Ceskˇ é Budˇejovice, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.Š.); [email protected] (J.Ž.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 16 October 2020; Accepted: 15 November 2020; Published: 17 November 2020 Abstract: The abandonment of coal energy plants in the near future will result in a substantially reduced availability of the coal fly ash broadly used as an efficient supplementary material. In line with the growth of alternative and renewable energy resources, the amount of biomass-based ash rises substantially. Nevertheless, a diverse chemical composition prevents a broader utilization of biomass-based fly ash compared to coal ash on an industrial scale. On this account, the present work is aimed at investigating the basic physical and mechanical properties of concrete mortars modified by a high volume of biomass fly ash (BFA) from wood combustion. Delivered results confirm a significant potential of BFA in the building industry. Experimental analysis of concrete mortars with BFA reveals preservation or even improvement of compressive and bending strength up to 30 wt.% cement replacement. On the contrary, higher dosages induce a gradual decrease in mechanical performance. The performed Life Cycle Assessment analysis reveals the perspective of BFA incorporation taking into account environmental issues considering the ratio between preservation of mechanical performance per normalized endpoint environmental score that allows a direct comparison with other alternatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Alkali-Silica Reactivity: an Overview of Research
    SHRP-C-342 Alkali-Silica Reactivity: An Overview of Research Richard Helmuth Construction Technology Laboratories, Inc. With contributions by: David Stark Construction Technology Laboratories, Inc. Sidney Diamond Purdue University Micheline Moranville-Regourd Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan Strategic Highway Research Program National Research Council Washington, DC 1993 Publication No. SHRP-C-342 ISBN 0-30cL05602-0 Contract C-202 Product No. 2010 Program Manager: Don M. Harriott Project Maxtager: Inam Jawed Program AIea Secretary: Carina Hreib Copyeditor: Katharyn L. Bine Brosseau May 1993 key words: additives aggregate alkali-silica reaction cracking expansion portland cement concrete standards Strategic Highway Research Program 2101 Consti!ution Avenue N.W. Washington, DC 20418 (202) 334-3774 The publicat:Lon of this report does not necessarily indicate approval or endorsement by the National Academy of Sciences, the United States Government, or the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials or its member states of the findings, opinions, conclusions, or recommendations either inferred or specifically expressed herein. ©1993 National Academy of Sciences 1.5M/NAP/593 Acknowledgments The research described herein was supported by the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). SHRP is a unit of the National Research Council that was authorized by section 128 of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. This document has been written as a product of Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Contract SHRP-87-C-202, "Eliminating or Minimizing Alkali-Silica Reactivity." The prime contractor for this project is Construction Technology Laboratories, with Purdue University, and Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, as subcontractors. Fundamental studies were initiated in Task A.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Structure of the Roman Pantheon 25
    College Art Association http://www.jstor.org/stable/3050861 . Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=caa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. College Art Association is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Art Bulletin. http://www.jstor.org On the Structureof the Roman Pantheon Robert Mark and Paul Hutchinson Since the time of its construction, the bold, brilliantly simple schema of Hadrian's Pantheon has inspired much emulation, commendation, and even fear. Modern commentators tend to view the building as a high point in an "architectural rev- olution" brought about mainly through the Roman development of a superior poz- zolana concrete that lent itself to the forming of unitary, three-dimensional struc- tures.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines for the Safe Operation of Concrete Pumps
    AMERICAN CONCRETE PUMPING ASSOCIATION CERTIFIED OPERATOR STUDY GUIDE Guidelines for the safe operation of concrete pumps Version 03.11.03 National Office Headquarters 606 Enterprise Drive Lewis Center, OH 43035 Phone: 614-431-5618 Fax: 614-431-6944 www.concretepumpers.com 8:30am to 5:30pm Eastern Time Monday through Friday American Concrete Pumping Association Certification Program for Concrete Pump Operators OBJECTIVES To raise the professional standards of the concrete pumping industry in general, and of concrete pump operators, in particular To improve the safety awareness and practice of concrete pump operators To encourage continuing education of concrete pump operators To assist in an operator’s development and self-improvement To award recognition to concrete pump operators who meet the qualifications of certification 1 INDEX Page 4 WHAT IS CERTIFICATION? 4 QUALIFICATIONS 5 TESTING PROCESS 6 VALIDATION 6 SECURITY/COST 7 GENERAL SAFETY - What is a concrete pump operator expected to know? 10 TECHNICAL 13 GROUT & PEA ROCK PUMPS 16 LINE PUMPS - General & High Pressure - ACPA recommendations - High-rise pumping - Compressed air cleanout 21 MULTIPLE SECTION BOOM PUMPS - Safety regulations – mobile concrete pumps equipped with placing boom - Three-Section Boom - Four-Section Boom - 50-Meter and Larger 32 SEPARATE PLACING BOOMS - All placing booms - Diesel-driven placing booms - Electrically driven placing booms - Completion of the pour 36 SAFETY HAND SIGNALS 2 WHAT IS CERTIFICATION? Most importantly, what does certification mean? ACPA Certification is the only industry-recognized certification program which provides a written assessment of an operator’s knowledge regarding concrete pump safety. The purpose of certification is to increase the safety awareness of concrete pump operators and to assist in an operator’s development and self-improvement.
    [Show full text]
  • Brochure Show the Situation During Formwork Assembly and Are Therefore Incomplete from the Safety Aspect
    Understanding how to build high faster. Formwork solutions for your highrise project The Formwork Experts. _Understanding your highrise project as a partner _Understanding the construction process truly and being knowledgeable about it is the prerequisite for being a partner in the construction industry. We have this un- derstanding from the initial planning stage through to completion of construction. _Understanding such as this is based on more than 40 years' experience in self- climbing technology and more than 1,000 highrise projects successfully realised worldwide. Construction of the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, 828 metres tall, is an outstanding example. With this comprehensive know-how, we are well-qualified to be your high- performing and reliable partner in highrise construction. 2 Doka is able to look back on a long history of _ understanding. Listening intently, understanding the world as seen through the eyes of our custom- ers, learning to understand all aspects and thinking ahead. We are passionate about not being satisfied with the first solution that might get the job done. Rather, we continue fine-tuning it until we come up with a true benefit for our customers. This is the only way a small woodworking shop could grow into a globally operating form- work company, known by the brand name Doka since 1956. "Thanks to the reliable technology and efficient on-site support provided by Doka, we were able to meet the schedule of Colombo Costruzioni S.p.A. with its detailed plan for completion of the Torre Isozaki build in Milan. As a result, we were able to shorten the original schedule for finishing the building shell by approximate- ly three months." Gianfranco Cesana, Engineering Manager for Colombo Important information: Always observe all relevant safety regulations (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Concrete Repair Second Edition
    ON r in the West August 2015 Guide to Concrete Repair Second Edition Prepared by: Kurt F. von Fay, Civil Engineer Concrete, Geotechnical, and Structural Laboratory U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center August 2015 Mission Statements The U.S. Department of the Interior protects America’s natural resources and heritage, honors our cultures and tribal communities, and supplies the energy to power our future. The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. Acknowledgments Acknowledgment is due the original author of this guide, W. Glenn Smoak, for all his efforts to prepare the first edition. For this edition, many people were involved in conducting research and field work, which provided valuable information for this update, and their contributions and hard work are greatly appreciated. They include Kurt D. Mitchell, Richard Pepin, Gregg Day, Jim Bowen, Dr. Alexander Vaysburd, Dr. Benoit Bissonnette, Maxim Morency, Brandon Poos, Westin Joy, David (Warren) Starbuck, Dr. Matthew Klein, and John (Bret) Robertson. Dr. William F. Kepler obtained much of the funding to prepare this updated guide. Nancy Arthur worked extensively on reviewing and editing the guide specifications sections and was a great help making sure they said what I meant to say. Teri Manross deserves recognition for the numerous hours she put into reviewing, editing and formatting this Guide. The assistance of these and numerous others is gratefully acknowledged. Contents PART I: RECLAMATION'S METHODOLOGY FOR CONCRETE MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR Page A.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Safety Procedures for Vertical Concrete Formwork
    F401 Guide to Safety Procedures for Vertical Concrete Formwork SCAFFOLDING, SHORING AND FORMING INSTITUTE, INC. 1300 SUMNER AVENUE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44115 (216) 241-7333 F401 F O R E W O R D The “Guide to Safety Procedures for Vertical Concrete Formwork” has been prepared by the Forming Section Engineering Committee of the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute, Inc., 1300 Sumner Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115. It is suggested that the reader also refer to other related publications available from the Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute. The SSFI welcomes any comments or suggestions regarding this publication. Contact the Institute at the following address: Scaffolding, Shoring and Forming Institute, 1300 Sumner Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115. i F401 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ........................................................................................ 1 Section 1 - General................................................................................ 2 Section 2 - Erection of Formwork......................................................... 2 Section 3 - Bracing................................................................................ 3 Section 4 - Walkways/Scaffold Brackets.............................................. 3 Section 5 - Special Applications........................................................... 4 Section 6 - Inspection............................................................................ 4 Section 7 - Concrete Placing................................................................. 5 Section
    [Show full text]
  • We Now Know That the Maximum Level That Avoids
    Using ash in concrete is nothing new. h e Romans rials derived from coal combustion products, includ- used volcanic ash in their spectacular construction ing fly ash, nationwide. projects long before the introduction of Portland cement, “Fly ash is composed of the non-combustible mineral having discovered its value as a hardening agent when portion of coal. When coal is consumed in a power plant, mixed with lime. h e ancient Romans used volcanic ash it’s i rst ground to the i neness of powder. Blown into as an admix to erect buildings such as the Pantheon and the power plant’s boiler, the carbon is consumed – leav- Coliseum, roads, and aqueducts. Remember, these struc- ing molten particles rich in silica, alumina, and calcium. tures are more than 2,000 years old. h ese particles solidify as microscopic, glassy spheres Fly ash concrete was first used in the U.S. in the that are collected from the power plant’s exhaust before 1920s for dam construction, when engineers found that it reduced the total cement requirement. Today, as more projects seek LEED certification, ash is resurfac- WE NOW KNOW THAT THE ing as a popular environmentally-friendly alternative MAXIMUM LEVEL THAT AVOIDS to Portland cement. No longer are we using volcanic COMPLICATIONS IN ADHERING FLOOR ash, of course, but coal fly ash is gaining ground as the COVERING IS 15% FLY ASH. green alternative of choice for LEED projects. Many of the projects and the millions of square yards of LEED flooring we’ve installed in recent years used ash in the they can “l y” away – hence the product’s name: l y ash,” cement mixture.
    [Show full text]
  • Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně Brno University of Technology
    VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA STAVEBNÍ FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ÚSTAV TECHNOLOGIE STAVEBNÍCH HMOT A DÍLCŮ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OF BUILDING MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS VLIV VLASTNOSTÍ VSTUPNÍCH MATERIÁLŮ NA KVALITU ARCHITEKTONICKÝCH BETONŮ INFLUENCE OF INPUT MATERIALS FOR QUALITY ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE DIPLOMA THESIS AUTOR PRÁCE Bc. Veronika Ondryášová AUTHOR VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE prof. Ing. RUDOLF HELA, CSc. SUPERVISOR BRNO 2018 1 2 3 Abstrakt Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na problematiku vlivu vlastností vstupních surovin pro výrobu kvalitních povrchů architektonických betonů. V úvodní části je popsána definice architektonického betonu a také výhody a nevýhody jeho realizace. V dalších kapitolách jsou uvedeny charakteristiky, dávkování či chemické složení vstupních materiálů. Kromě návrhu receptury je důležitým parametrem pro vytvoření kvalitního povrchu betonu zhutňování, precizní uložení do bednění a následné ošetřování povrchu. Popsány jsou také jednotlivé druhy architektonických betonů, jejich způsob vyrábění s uvedenými příklady na konkrétních realizovaných stavbách. V praktické části byly navrženy 4 receptury, kde se měnil druh nebo dávkování vstupních surovin. Při tvorbě receptur byl důraz kladen především na minimální segregaci čerstvého betonu a omezení vzniku pórů na povrchu ztvrdlého betonu. Klíčová slova Architektonický beton, vstupní suroviny, bednění, separační prostředky, cement, přísady, pigment. Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the influence of properties of feedstocks for the production of quality surfaces of architectural concrete. The introductory part describes the definition of architectural concrete with the advantages and disadvantages of its implementation. In the following chapters, the characteristics, the dosage or the chemical composition of the input materials are given. Besides the design of the mixture, important parameters for the creation of a quality surface of concrete are compaction, precise placement in formwork and subsequent treatment of the surface.
    [Show full text]