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Eterni Secondi La citazione di pag. 56 è tratta da Dialoghi con Leucò, Cesare Pavese © 2014 Giulio Einaudi editore S.p.A., Torino La citazione di pag. 73 è tratta da Il suono dell’ombra, Alda Merini © 2018 Mondadori Libri S.p.A., Milano, per gentile concessione degli Eredi e dell’Editore SToRiE Da La citazione di pag. 81 è tratta da Vita d’un uomo, Giuseppe Ungaretti LA scUgNiZzErIa dI scAmPiA © 2018 Mondadori Libri S.p.A., Milano, per gentile concessione degli Eredi e dell’Editore La citazione di pag. 149 è tratta da Isole nella corrente, Ernest Hemingway iLlUsTrAtO Da © 2013 Mondadori Libri S.p.A., Milano, per gentile concessione dell’Editore LoReNzO CoNtI La citazione di pag. 173 è tratta da Da questa parte del mare, Gianmaria Testa © 2016 Giulio Einaudi editore S.p.A., Torino © 2019 Edizioni EL, via J. Ressel 5, 34018 San Dorligo della Valle (Trieste) ISBN 978-88-6656-513-0 www.edizioniel.com INTRODUZIONE UNA PIAZZA DI SPACCIO A Morena. Alcune persone le amerò tutta la vita. DI LIBRI Altre, anche dopo. A QUARANT’ANNI dalla nascita di Scampia, abbiamo aperto la prima libreria del quartiere: si chiama «La Scugnizzeria», ovvero la casa degli scugnizzi, i ra- gazzi di strada. Quando si entra nella nostra libreria, un cartello dice: «Piazza di Spaccio di libri». Dove prima si ven- deva droga, ora si spacciano libri. Per comprare un libro nell’Area Nord di Napoli, prima, bisognava per- correre dieci chilometri: otto fermate della metropo- litana. Oggi ci sono scaffali con libri gratuiti, i libri «sospesi»: c’è gente che compra libri per chi non può permetterselo. 5 Una mattina, mentre con i bambini stavamo metten- carcere, ragazzi che sembrano marchiati a fuoco, giu- do in ordine la nostra libreria montessoriana, è arriva- dicati sin dalla nascita? Abbiamo trovato la risposta to un pacco, spedito da Edizioni EL: una donazione di nello sport. Abbiamo iniziato cosí a recuperare storie libri per noi, con una bella lettera allegata. I ragazzi di perdenti, gente che non ha vinto, ma che è rimasta erano al settimo cielo. Finalmente qualcuno comincia- nella memoria collettiva per le sue gesta, le imprese, va a prestare attenzione a quello che stavamo facen- l’altruismo, la disobbedienza civile, il saper dire «no». do e si accorgevano di noi anche i marchi editoriali Atleti e atlete che si sono avvalsi del diritto di non es- che piú amiamo, quelli che producono i libri che leg- sere campioni. Abbiamo raccolto venti storie e, con- giamo in modo comunitario. vinti della bellezza della nostra idea e dell’importanza Quella mattina è stato un giorno di festa alla Scu- dei nostri eroi perdenti, abbiamo deciso di riprovarci e gnizzeria. Cosí, con i bambini, abbiamo deciso di scri- di inviare a Edizioni EL la nostra nuova proposta. vere un libro con le storie di tutti: c’erano la storia del- La risposta al nostro manoscritto è il libro che avete la libreria, i papà in carcere, i sogni, i momenti difficili. tra le mani. Perché, in fondo, perdere è un’avventura S’intitolava Piazza di Spaccio di libri. Abbiamo manda- meravigliosa! to una presentazione del progetto a Edizioni EL, che ha dimostrato un certo interesse. Esplosione di gioia in libreria: «Ci pubblicano, ci pubblicano!». Ma pochi giorni dopo è arrivato il responso: la casa editrice non avrebbe pubblicato il volume perché il testo, una volta scritto, non era risultato del tutto convincente. È stato un momento di grande sconforto. Come avremmo fatto a ritrovare l’entusiasmo? Abbiamo de- ciso allora di parlare della sconfitta, che non sempre è una sciagura. Ma come si fa a parlare della sconfitta a ragazzi che hanno papà che non usciranno mai dal 6 7 01 L’ULTIMA RIGA BIANCA Nessuna paura che mi calpestino. Calpestata, l’erba diventa un sentiero. Blaga Nikolova Dimitrova ADOLF HITLER È IN TRIBUNA insieme al suo braccio de- stro, Rudolf Hess. In campo c’è Helene Bertha Amalie Riefenstahl, detta Leni: è lei la regista scelta dal regi- me nazista per immortalare su pellicola le prodezze degli «ariani» durante le Olimpiadi di Berlino del 1936. Leni è a bordo campo, suda, è frenetica. Sta girando il 9 film piú importante della sua vita: Olympia. Incarica- rivale. Owens parte, stacca, vola, vola lontanissimo, at- ta direttamente da Hitler dovrà, con il suo «occhio di terra. Il salto è nullo. Ancora una volta l’Olympiastadion vetro», celebrare la superiorità dei biondi sui neri, dei gioisce. Jesse abbassa la testa. Luz, mentre altri atleti si tedeschi sul resto del mondo. Hitler, in tribuna, già so- apprestano a volare, resta esterrefatto dalla bravura di gna la pellicola proiettata in ogni parte della Grande quel ragazzone americano, dai suoi muscoli, dalla sua Germania, già sogna la testa del medagliere, già sogna tecnica. Leni riprende tutto. Sarà un film epico. Scena al i suoi ragazzi con l’oro al collo. L’Olympiastadion è pie- rallentatore, la regista ha già in mente le musiche di sot- no, 100mila spettatori. Il Führer non ha badato a spe- tofondo. Tocca ancora a Luz Long. Luz ha ventitre anni; se: materiali pregiati, struttura greco-romana, è senza nato a Lipsia, è un atleta della Leipziger Sc, è il favori- dubbio lo stadio piú bello della sua epoca. Gli occhi del to. Incarna l’ideale «ariano»: bello, biondo, capelli folti, mondo sono tutti puntati su Berlino, è l’occasione che un bel sorriso, il prototipo perfetto della Grande Ger- Hitler ha sempre desiderato. mania. È concentratissimo, ripete a mente tutti i passi In campo si sta svolgendo la gara di salto in lungo. Leni che dovrà fare, guarda il punto dove dovrà staccare, già è sul suo dolly su rotaie, spinta dai suoi collaboratori: per sente la sabbia sulla pelle. Sa perfettamente dove i suoi la prima volta al mondo farà riprese dei primi piani degli piedi dovranno sprofondare, il piú lontano possibile. Via, atleti. È il turno del tedesco Carl Ludwig Hermann Long, Leni segue rapida i movimenti di Luz, corre insieme a lui. o semplicemente Luz Long. È la finale. Luz parte con la Volo, lo stadio ammutolisce, e poi giú. La sabbia schizza sua falcata, passo dopo passo si avvicina alla linea bian- sulla telecamera. Luz Long ha frantumato il suo stesso ca, si stacca da terra, vola e atterra a 7,84 metri. Bandie- record. 7,87 metri. Delirio in tribuna, i tedeschi gridano ra bianca. Il salto è valido. Record olimpico frantumato. «Luz, Luz, Luz, Luz, Luz!». Hitler stringe la mano ai suoi Lo stadio è in piedi, Hitler compreso. Sta per nascere gregari, si abbraccia con Rudolf Hess. Jesse Owens è una nuova stella. Tocca all’americano Jesse Owens. Luz, pronto per il secondo salto. Muscoli tirati, energia pron- con l’asciugamano al collo e la bottiglietta d’acqua in ta a esplodere. Leni fa un primo piano sulla tensione di mano, guarda quell’uomo di colore prepararsi all’eserci- quei tendini. Parte, è un razzo. Luz Long, ancora intento zio. Non si distrae, lo osserva attentamente. Studia il suo a festeggiare, si blocca: «Ma quanto corre questo qui». 10 11 Stacco, decollo, atterraggio. Ancora salto nullo. Il pie- de di Jesse Owens è nuovamente oltre la linea bianca. «Chapeau, – pensa Luz. – Onore a te, Jesse, tu sei il figlio di Mercurio, hai davvero le ali ai piedi». I salti si susseguono, Hitler non vede l’ora di mettere al collo di Luz Long la medaglia piú importante. Leni lo riprenderà immortalando quel momento per sempre. Ultimo salto di Jesse Owens. L’americano è a un passo dall’eliminazione, non può piú sbagliare. Qui succede una di quelle cose che cambiano la storia. Leni la osserva dal suo occhio di vetro e non crede a ciò che sta riprendendo. Luz Long si avvicina al suo rivale, Jesse Owens, parlottano, sembra spiegargli qualcosa. Jesse ride mentre Luz in pedana sistema un fazzoletto bianco trenta centimetri prima della linea bianca. Gli indi- ca il punto in cui staccare e anche lui ride. Mezzo stadio gli sta dando del pazzo. Non si sente piú il coro: «Luz, Luz, Luz, Luz, Luz!». Ultima possibilità per l’americano, corre, corre velocissimo, come il vento, come Mercurio, i passi si susseguono e Jesse si libra nel cielo nel punto preciso indicato da Luz Long. Leni immortala il momen- to. Silenzio in tribuna, tutti attendono l’esito del risultato. 8,06 metri. Nuovo record olimpico e medaglia d’oro. Un salto strepitoso. Jesse festeggia, Hitler e Hess no. Hess lascia la tribuna. Il primo a congratularsi per il salto stori- 12 co è Luz Long, che con un sorriso sincero privo di invidia sbarcare in Sicilia. L’Operazione Husky ha inizio. Luz stringe la mano all’afroamericano. I due si abbracciano. Long si rigira in mano la sua medaglia d’argento, è uno Leni riprende tutto, consapevole che quelle scene non dei soldati della divisione corazzata Hermann Göring. saranno mai approvate da Hitler. Italiani e tedeschi sono lasciati in balia del destino, sen- È il momento della premiazione. Il podio è già pronto. za ordini dall’alto. Un manipolo di uomini nella terra Un «ariano» è arrivato secondo, alle spalle di un «negro». dei Ciclopi. Eccoli, gli americani, eccole, le bombe. Le L’«ariano» ha aiutato il «negro». Il capo degli «ariani», zagare non ci sono piú, il fumo oscura il cielo e l’odo- Adolf Hitler, non premierà nessuno. Poco prima della con- re acre della cordite seppellisce la salsedine. Non c’è segna delle medaglie, Rudolf Hess si avvicina all’orecchio Leni a riprendere a rallentatore le scene di una batta- di Luz Long: «Non abbracciare mai piú un negro».
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