CONTENTS

ix Preface

2 1. Introduction: Pittsburgh from the Ground Up

40 2. Downtown: A Golden Triangle

The Point and the Monongahela Riverfront 45; PPG Place, Fourth and Fifth Avenues, and Market Square 54; Mellon Square and the Sixth-Oliver Corridor 70; The Cultural District and the Allegheny Riverfront 81; Commerce and Government on Grant Street 93

114 3. The North Side: A Rival City

Old Allegheny 117; The Mexican War Streets and Allegheny West 121; Manchester, Perry Hilltop, Observatory Hill, and Fineview 127; Deutschtown, Spring Hill, and Troy Hill 138; The North Shore 149

158 4. The South Side: Real Pittsburgh

Old Birmingham, East Carson Street, and the South Side Slopes 161; Station Square and Mt. Washington 177; The Back Slopes of Mount Washington 184

188 5. Penn Avenue: First Foundries and First Suburbs

The Strip and Polish Hill 190; Lawrenceville, Bloomfield, Friendship, and Garfield 203; East Liberty, Highland Park, and Morningside 220; Larimer, Lincoln-Lemington, Homewood, and East Hills 241; Point Breeze, Regent Square, Edgewood, and Swissvale 249; Wilkinsburg 259

262 6. Fifth Avenue: Uphill and Upscale

The Bluff, Uptown, and the Hill 264; Shadyside 281; Squirrel Hill and Greenfield297

318 7. Oakland: The Nerve Center of Education and Culture

The University of Pittsburgh 322; Carnegie Museums, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon 338; North Oakland 363; South Oakland 375

382 8. The River Towns: Valleys of Industry

On the Monongahela 384; On the Ohio 408; On the Allegheny 426

442 9. The Pittsburgh Periphery: Suburbia, History, and Renewal

Settlements South and West 445; Settlements North 457; Settlements East 469

Significant Buildings of Pittsburgh488 Further Reading 499 Index 503 Photo Credits 512