SPEAAdvance News from the Indiana University Bloomington School of Public and Environmental Affairs

MARCH 2018 • V3 N1

INSIDE

outgoing students doctoral students and recent graduates on the job market | inside cover

asked & answered: highlights of faculty research and outreach | page 1

first person the faculty speak out | page 3

notable around the school | page 7

boldface names | page 14

photo finish | page 17

Advancing Knowledge for the Greater Good outgoingStudents DOCTORAL STUDENTS AND RECENT GRADUATES ON THE JOB MARKET

Our Ph.D. students and recent graduates deliver impactful research and thoughtful policy consideration in public affairs, public policy, and environmental science. While they bring diverse academic backgrounds and interests, they are each dedicated to leading for the greater good whether it be in continuing research or educating the next generation.

David M. Bredenkamp • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Public Management, Organizational Behavior, Public Service, Civil Service Employee Attitudes, Human Resources

Kellie McGiverin-Bohan • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Nonprofit Finance and Management, Public and Small Business Finance and Management, Philanthropy, Organizational Theory, Research Methods

Maithreyi Gopalan • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Student Outcomes, Education Policy, Social Policy, Behavioral Insights for Public Policy, Child Development

Hyesong Ha • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Organizational Theory & Behavior, Organizational Performance, Human Resource Management, Employee Empowerment & Performance Management, Corruption & Ethical Behavior, Program Evaluation & Policy Analysis, Health Policy, Child Support Enforcement (CSE), Education Policy

Noah Hammarlund • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Health Economics and Policy, Applied Machine Learning and Data Science, Clinical Decision Making, Racial Health Disparities

Yousueng Han • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Accountability, Performance Management, Human Resource Management, Organizational Behavior, Public Budgeting

Hongseok Lee • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Public Management, Representative Bureaucracy, Organizational Behavior, Ethical Behavior, Workplace Inclusion

Shinwoo Lee • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Public Management, Public Personnel Management, Organizational Behavior and Theory, Performance Management, Public and Nonprofit Financial Management

Pamela Rickly • Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Chemical Kinetics, Photochemistry, Ozonolysis, LabVIEW Applications, Radical Reactions, Urban and Forested Environments, Criegee Intermediates asked answered HIGHLIGHTS OF& FACULTY RESEARCH AND OUTREACH

Medicaid Expansion Leads to Increase in Early-Stage Cancer Diagnoses The Affordable Care Act led to an increase in the number of cancer diagnoses – particularly those at early stages – in states where Medicaid was expanded, according to research co- authored by SPEA’s Kosali Simon. The research, published in the American Journal of Public Health, suggests that public health insurance may increase cancer detection, which can lead to fewer cancer deaths and better outcomes for patients. Kosali Simon “Early detection is a key step to reducing cancer mortality, and our findings suggest that Medicaid associate professor in health policy There was no detectable impact expansion under the ACA led to more and management at the University on late-stage diagnoses. The overall and earlier cancer detection,” said the of Pittsburgh; and John Cawley, cancer diagnosis rate increased by 3.4 study’s corresponding author, Aparna professor of policy analysis and percent in Medicaid expansion states, Soni, a doctoral candidate in business management and of economics at compared with non-expansion states. economics and public policy in the IU Cornell University. “These data indicate increases Kelley School of Business. In their study, researchers looked in health coverage lead to increased Previous research by Soni and at cancer registry data from 2010 early detection, which raises the Simon, the Class of 1948 Herman B through 2014 to estimate post-ACA overall diagnosis rate,” Simon Wells Endowed Professor at SPEA, changes in county-level cancer said. “Medical research already found that the Affordable Care Act diagnosis rates, both overall and shows that early cancer diagnosis increased insurance coverage among by stages, in states that expanded is important for increasing the people already diagnosed with cancer. Medicaid in 2014 versus those that probability of successful treatment, Other co-authors of “Effect of did not. Medicaid expansion led to an reducing mortality and controlling Medicaid Expansions of 2014 on increase of 15.4 early-stage diagnoses costs. However, Medicaid expansion Overall and Early-Stage Cancer per 100,000 people, or 6.4 percent, appears to have no effect on the Diagnoses” were Lindsay Sabik, from pre-ACA levels. diagnosis of late-stage cancers.”

1 Using information about patients’ age, tumor location and whether the David Konisky cancer could be screened for, the researchers found that the increase in early-stage diagnoses was largely seen among those age 35 to 54 and with cancers that are easiest to detect. “The fact that the increase in early-stage diagnoses was concentrated in cancers amenable to screening is consistent with the increase resulting from the expansion of health insurance and access to care,” the researchers wrote in the paper. The increase in overall diagnoses was largely driven by increases among those age 45 to 54 and among those with prostate cancer. For example, the likelihood stewardship and practice an ethic of SPEA researcher says that a Christian survey respondent ‘creation care,’ while others believe survey results show expressed a great deal of concern in human dominion over the Earth, a about climate change dropped by belief that undermines any obligation Christians becoming about a third between 1990 and 2015. to protect the environment.” less concerned about The pattern generally holds Konisky said more research is across Catholic, Protestant and needed to determine whether that the environment other Christian denominations and belief in human dominion or some There has been no “greening does not vary depending on levels of other aspect of how people experience of Christianity” among people in religiosity. religion is influencing a reduced the pews, despite efforts by some “This relationship between concern for the environment. religious leaders to emphasize religion and the environment is His study, “The greening of environmental stewardship, significant because of the increasing Christianity? A study of according to new research by SPEA’s importance of climate change,” environmental attitudes over David Konisky. Konisky said. “There may come a time,” was published in the peer- Konisky analyzed 20 years of time when religious leaders and reviewed journal Environmental survey results from Gallup public faith-based organizations generate Politics. opinion polls in one of the first major more interest in protecting the studies of how attitudes about the environment and more willingness to environment by self-identified U.S. demand action, but we haven’t seen it SPEA alums: Meta- Christians have shifted over time. yet.” He found that environmentalism analysis finds The current lack of enthusiasm is not increasing, and there are comes despite high-profile calls for significant evidence signs it is actually in decline. For action such as the encyclical letter on of race- and income- example, Konisky’s analysis of the the environment released by Pope survey responses from 1990 through based urban forest Francis in 2015 and despite initiatives 2015 indicates that Christians, led by Evangelical Protestant inequity. compared to atheists, agnostics, and groups, such as the formation of In two recently published studies individuals who do not affiliate with the Evangelical Environmental by SPEA graduates, Bloomington a religion, are less likely to prioritize Network. Urban Forestry Group researcher Dr. environmental protection over While those efforts are relatively Shannon Lea Watkins (Cal-San economic growth, and they are more recent, Konisky said there is a Francisco) and Dr. Ed Gerrish (U. likely than others to believe global historical divide in how Christians of South Dakota) found significant warming is exaggerated. view their relationship to the planet: evidence of both race- and income- “Some believe in the importance of based urban forest inequity. Race- 2 based inequity was particularly high on public land, where city governments and nonprofits have the most influence. Methodological differences explained some of the variation across original studies. Urban forestry professionals and city governments should consider the equity consequences of urban forestry activities. As cities increasingly invest in urban environmental resources, they have a choice: do they continue a status quo approach that perpetuates a system of environmental injustice, or do they engage underserved communities in environmental protection and in so doing, promote Shannon Lea Watkins and Ed Gerrish environmental and health justice? Given the sensitivity of results to study methodology, authors of future results of 67 original studies that had for variation in methodology, study studies should be thoughtful in estimated the statistical relationship location, and research lens across methodological choices and conduct between urban forest cover and studies. The studies are published robustness checks. neighborhood sociodemographic in the Journal of Environmental This is the most comprehensive characteristics. They used meta- Management and Landscape and study of urban forest inequity to date. analysis to summarize findings Urban Planning. Watkins and Gerrish analyzed the across original studies, adjusting firstPerson THE FACULTY SPEAK OUT

Fuel Economy come from the light-duty vehicle (CARB), which has now been adopted (LDV) fleet, which consists of cars by nine other states, set an increased Standards and the U.S. and light trucks, the vehicles in the sales requirement for electric vehicles Economy U.S. economy that consume most of in those states. These combined A team of SPEA researchers first the oil. Recognizing the importance of federal and state regulations present examined fuel economy standards in the LDV fleet and its contribution to an ambitious challenge for the 2015. They have now updated their climate change and oil dependence, U.S. automobile sector and have findings in this peer-reviewed report the federal government in 2012 important implications for the U.S. and offer them here: updated the Corporate Average Fuel economy. In 2016, the transportation Economy (CAFE) standards and In 2015, our SPEA faculty team, sector became the leading emitter paired them with greenhouse gas including Nikos Ziroglannis, of greenhouse gasses (GHG) among emission standards, setting a goal Sanya Carley, Denvil Duncan, all sectors of the U.S. economy, of 54.5 miles per gallon for LDVs by Saba Siddiki, and John D. surpassing the electricity sector model year 2025. Graham, was commissioned by the for the first time. Within the At the same time, the Zero Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers transportation sector, the majority of Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandate of to examine the macroeconomic GHG emissions (about 60 percent) the California Air Resources Board effects of the combined standards. 3 Our results can be summarized in two for the average LDV in model year price increase due to the standards key findings: 2025 would be $1,461. However, a could significantly hurt new cars sales 1) The automotive sector is a large 2015 report by the National Research and compromise the goals of the enough part of the U.S. economy Council found that, for the typical standards. that the combined standards will midsize car, the price increase could cause short-term decline in key be either 11 percent or 55 percent Our analysis economic indicators, but after higher than what NHTSA predicted Our research examined a series 2025, the economy will start to in 2012. This is a substantial increase of alternative scenarios that help show gains that will increase over that, if applied to other types of convey the extent of uncertainty time. vehicles and passed on to consumers, about the macroeconomic outcomes. could burden new-vehicle buyers. Our results are classified in two 2) There are significant uncertainties The majority of the benefits from the main categories: (1) the effects of the with respect to the impact that combined standards are derived from standards on key macroeconomic the standards will have on sales savings to motorists from reduced indicators such as Gross Domestic of new vehicles, mostly due to gasoline expenditures. The size of Product (GDP), employment and the value consumers place on the cost savings depends in part on disposable income; and (2) the fuel savings resulting from the how fuel prices evolve in the future. trajectories of new car and light truck standards. Over the past few years changes in sales. Key causal mechanisms that link the the international oil markets have The macroeconomic results combined standards to U.S. economic brought a significant decline in gas suggest that the standards will have a performance prices (see Figure 1), thus decreasing negative impact in the U.S. economy Our work addressed three key the projected fuel savings that car in the early years (i.e., 2017 to causal pathways through which owners will experience compared to 2023-2025). However, as more fuel- the standards could affect the U.S. the 2012 projections. efficient vehicles enter the fleet (see economy, namely: (1) the price This issue of gasoline savings Figure 2) and the gasoline savings premium for fuel efficient and is further complicated because start accumulating at an increasing electric vehicles; (2) the boost consumers do not value fuel savings rate, the economy will experience a to the automotive supply chain over the entire life of the vehicle, beneficial boost through increases in from investments in fuel-saving which averages about 16 years. disposable income that will further technologies; and (3) the mixed While new car buyers currently boost employment and GDP. All of effects on the cost savings resulting hold on to their car for an average the scenarios we examined indicate from reductions in gasoline of seven years, evidence shows that that the cumulative economic impacts consumption that stimulate consumer some consumers only consider one from the standards over the period spending versus the curtailment to three years of fuel savings when 2017-2035 will be positive. of U.S. oil production. The study deciding which car to buy. If that We also performed a simulation quantifies each of these causal undervaluation is the norm, then the of changes in the volume of new- mechanisms separately and then models their combined effects from 2017 to 2035 and thereafter. Gasoline Price Projections 4.50 How do consumers weigh a vehicle- 4.00 price increase against fuel savings 3.50 over the life of the vehicle? 3.00 In order to comply with the 2.50 standards, manufacturers will have 2.00 to invest in new technologies that 1.50 are expensive and will likely increase 1.00 0.50 the sale price of LDVs. An important 0.00 effect that is still undetermined is 2012 2015 2025 2035 the size of that price increase. When $/gallon) 2010 (in constant price Gasoline the standards were finalized in AEO 2012 AEO 2016 2012 the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Figure 1: Comparison of fuel price projections between Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) estimated that the price premium 2012 and AEO 2016 (in constant 2010 $/gallon). 4 Nikolaos Zirogiannis, Fuel Economy of the Ford F150, 6 cyl, 3.5 L Coady Wing, and Alex J. Hollingsworth: Combined Where did all the Highway 2018 health benefits go? 2014 Evaluating EPA’s City repeal of the Clean 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Power Plan Miles per gallon Think about driving a car down a highway. Music playing. Wind in your Figure 2: Comparison of fuel economy data for the 2014 and 2018 Ford F150 Pickup hair. It’s a classic symbol of American 2WD 6 cyl, 3.5L, automatic. Fuel economy expressed in miles per gallon. freedom. But regulation is never far away. Check out that speed limit sign. You know how it works: the police vehicle sales using a total-cost-of- attenuate the near-term economic can fine you for driving faster than 70 ownership method that accounts damages while increasing mph. The faster you drive, the bigger for changes in the costs of vehicle program effectiveness. the fine. Maybe you think it’s over operation and vehicle price. Our • There is a need for more research regulation. But the point of the speed results indicate a range of expected in the way consumers value fuel limit is pretty clear. You could cause outcomes, with sales in model year economy in the markets for used an accident if you drive too fast and 2025 for new vehicles varying from and new vehicles. Currently, the higher the speed, the worse the -10% to +4% compared to the most of the economics literature accident. In other words, speed kills. baseline. This range highlights the addresses this question by Speed limits are supposed to make significant uncertainty that exists using variation in fuel prices the highways safer for everyone. Most around new sales volumes, but most as a mechanism to identify people are sympathetic to the basic of our updated modeling shows consumers’ valuation of fuel idea of a speed limit. But why is there negative impacts on new vehicle economy. However, in the context a specific speed limit at 70 mph? That sales. A slower volume of new vehicle of CAFE what is more important seems arbitrary. Why not 60 mph? Or sales is important economically is the extent to which consumers 80 mph? It’s not like the connection since it can have adverse effect in value fuel efficient technologies between speed and safety only begins employment and GDP growth. In mandated by regulation. when you cross the official threshold. addition, it reduces the effectiveness Consumers’ valuation of fuel People still die in law abiding 50 of the standards by compromising the efficient vehicles is, of course, mph car accidents. Regardless of the goal of decreasing oil consumption affected by fuel prices, however, official speed limit: It is safer to drive and emissions of GHGs. the current literature cannot at a slower speed. Of course, this isolate how consumers value doesn’t mean we should set a national What is next for the combined specific fuel efficient technologies. speed limit of 15 mph. People enjoy standards? Research directed at addressing driving fast for good reasons. The Our work highlights several key this question would be well ideal speed is the solution to a cost points about the future effects of the positioned to inform policy benefit calculation that weighs both combined standards. These points making by helping to understand the benefits and costs of driving a bit summarize our recommendations: how likely consumers are to faster. We’ll let you make your own respond to the new technologies • In the long term (past 2025), the choices, but don’t be deluded when stimulated by regulation. federal standards will likely yield you do. It is still dangerous to drive, benefits to the U.S. economy and Nikos Zirogiannis, Sanya Carley, even if you are complying with the thus our report provides evidence Authors: Denvil Duncan, John D. Graham, and Saba posted speed limit. supporting retention of the Saddiki (now at Syracuse U.) The speed limit is a good example federal standards. However, there to keep in mind as the EPA moves to are potential refinements to the repeal the Clean Power Plan (CPP). standards or to related policies The EPA’s new analysis on CPP does that, if implemented, could not consider the health benefits of 5 improving air quality below an official threshold. With this new report, the EPA is doing the equivalent of advising a young teen that there is no chance of dying in a car accident as long as they drive below the official speed limit. That’s not good advice.

What is the Clean Power Plan? The CPP is the signature climate change rule of the Obama administration. It was meant to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 32 percent by 2030 by shifting electricity generation away from coal and towards natural gas and renewables. The shift away from coal would also reduce the amount of particulate L-R: Alex Hollingsworth, Coady Wing, Nikolaos Zirogiannis matter (PM) 2.5 in the air we breathe. Breathing PM2.5 gives you caused by reductions in air pollution. below could fall even further. The respiratory distress, cardiovascular The new report does not dispute EPA’s new cost benefit analysis says diseases. It can kill you. In 2015 the that the CPP would cause reductions that there is no value in reducing EPA predicted that due to reductions in coal-fired electricity generation particulate matter below the standard. in PM2.5 caused by the CPP, between and associated decreases in harmful But that is hard to swallow. The 12 1,200 and 2,900 premature deaths air pollution. It is well known that μg/m3 threshold is just as arbitrary would be avoided by 2030. burning coal releases pollutants as a 70 mph speed limit. Driving like particulate matter. It is also slower than 70 mph on a highway will What has changed? well known that particulate matter often make you safer. Breathing air In the proposed repeal, the EPA is harmful to human health. The with less than 12 μg/m3 of PM2.5 is made three important changes in EPA’s argument revolves around healthier, too. the way it calculated the costs and this question, “Are there levels at A lot of the discussion benefits of the CPP. First, it revised which airborne particulate matter is surrounding the CPP and the EPA’s its estimates of compliance costs completely safe?” In their proposed methodology is complicated and upwards. Second, it now considers repeal, the EPA claims that any technical. Weighing the benefits only the value of domestic (rather airborne concentration of particulate and costs of the CPP is the right way than global) climate change benefits matter below 12 micro grams per to think about whether to pass or from CO2 reductions. Finally, it cubic meter is completely safe. repeal, but only if all of the benefits decided it would not count any At the moment, American air and costs are correctly accounted for. health benefits from reducing PM2.5 is pretty clean by global standards. Based on our expertise in energy and concentrations below a threshold. Data from the EPA show that only 23 environmental policy, it’s clear the The third change was the decisive million Americans live in counties EPA has it wrong on common sense one. The CPP passes a benefit cost test with a PM2.5 concentration higher grounds. Human safety cannot be even if you agree with the EPA about than 12 micrograms per cubic guaranteed by discrete thresholds. the higher compliance costs and meter of air (https://www3.epa. People still die in car accidents even with only counting domestic climate gov/airquality/greenbook/kncty. though they drive below the speed change benefits. The CPP fails the html). This 12 μg/m3 figure is the limit and air pollution can still be benefit cost test only when you threshold that the EPA established in harmful even if it’s below a threshold. decide that health benefits of PM2.5 2012 to determine if an area was in reduction disappear below a certain compliance with the Clean Air Act. About the authors: Nikolaos Zirogiannis, threshold. If we burn less coal, PM2.5 levels in Coady Wing, and Alex J. Hollingsworth many parts of the country will fall. are on the SPEA faculty. They have done What EPA’s argument? Some places that are above the 12 extensive, peer-reviewed research on the The EPA’s argument hinges on microgram standard will fall below consequences of changes in U.S. energy, how to value health improvements and some places that are already health and environmental policy.

6 Notable AROUND THE SCHOOL

SPEA dean appointed priorities will be,” he told a reporter Connecting the Dots for The Washington Post. “I will look to independent EPA for guidance from the agency and Between Domestic board of science veteran members of SAB.” Violence and Gun advisors Graham has been the dean at Violence SPEA’s campuses in Bloomington SPEA Dean John D. Graham and Indianapolis since 2008. Before It was as simple as pitching a has been appointed to a position coming to IU he was the founder of story. on the Environmental Protection the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis Olivia Little has long enjoyed Agency’s Science Advisory Board. and served as head of the Office of reading feminist and progressive The board was established by Management and Budget’s Office of magazines and blogs. Inspired Congress to provide independent Information and Regulatory Affairs by President Trump’s proposed scientific and engineering advice under President George W. Bush. In budget, which included significant to the EPA administrator on the that capacity, he led the regulatory reductions in funding for programs associated with the Violence Against technical basis for EPA regulations. review, statistical, and information Women Act, she decided to see if Ms. Graham was one of several policy functions of the federal Magazine was interested in what she new appointments to the panel government. Graham is an author had to say. That led to publication of made by EPA Administrator Scott or co-author of over 200 scientific her first blog post, “The Abuser-in- Pruitt, joining a group composed articles and ten books including Chief’s Budget.” of academic researchers, industry several that focus on environmental Her most recent piece, experts, government officials and science and public policy. advocates for environmentally “Connecting the Dots between focused organizations. Domestic Violence and Gun Graham said he was honored by Violence,” which appeared on the the appointment. “I join SAB with Ms. Magazine blog in October 2017, no predispositions as to what our has been seen by hundreds of people. Not bad for a junior studying law and public policy at SPEA. Using connections she made through SPEA and her volunteer work, she arranged to have a meaningful conversation with SPEA professor Paul Helmke and Sarah Hunt, the outreach communications coordinator at Middle Way House, a domestic violence shelter in Bloomington. They talked about the link between domestic violence and mass shootings. Composed in the aftermath of the Las Vegas shooting, Little’s post is a Q&A dealing with gun legislation and lobbying, the intersection of domestic violence and gun deaths, and toxic John Graham masculinity.

7 Little posed the question, “Why is For Little, being involved in University, before attending SPEA to federal legislation not being enacted something she’s so passionate about work toward her Bachelor of Science to prevent abusers from owning/ is second nature. Bloomington radio in Public Affairs, with a minor in obtaining firearms if we know for listeners can hear that passion in her education policy. a fact that there’s such a strong weekly segments on feminist issues on For those who are wondering correlation between mass shooting WIUX – a student run radio station. whether their ideas are good enough perpetrators and domestic abusers?” “One should always be involved in to be published by their favorite Here’s the response from Helmke the community where they’re living, outlets, Little offered some advice. – the former president of the Brady regardless of what else they do,” she “If you can write, if you can story- Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence: said. “There’s always time.” tell, you can publish. Search for a “We’ve gotten to a stage in this Feminism is still very much platform. Be proactive. Email and country with the mass shootings, relevant, Little said, as each day a new make connections,” she said. “It’s which are the only times people pay allegation of a powerful man sexually about having a worthwhile story to attention, people always say: now assaulting a woman comes to light, tell.” is not the time. But these shootings each story perhaps offering a little Helmke said students like Little are occurring on a daily basis. A more courage for the those who have motivate him and keep him grounded. large number of those are domestic yet to speak out. “After spending nearly all of my 69 violence situations.” “A feminist is someone who years of life in and around politics Unfortunately, the relevance has believes in and advocates for equality and government (including 12 years not faded in the months since, in the regardless of sex, race, gender identity as mayor of Fort Wayne, Indiana, shadow of such tragedies as occurred or socioeconomic status in an effort to and five years as head of the Brady in Sutherland Springs, Texas, and pursue progress,” Little said. “Under Center and Brady Campaign to Rancho Tehama in California. this administration, there is more of a Prevent Gun Violence), it is easy for As a crisis line volunteer at the need for it now than ever.” me to get frustrated and cynical about Middle Way House, Little has come The future of feminism, Little the current state of progress and face-to-face with the realities of said, is an inclusiveness that ensures discourse on so many public issues,” domestic violence. She is trained to everybody is given a chance to fight he said. “But when I get the chance assist in crisis management by being a for freedom from oppression and to teach and work with students like survivor’s advocate, ready to provide discrimination. Olivia Little, from my class on “Legal comfort, assurance, and support The future for the Logansport, History and Public Policy” which through those crucial first hours. Indiana, native, who is also a licensed focuses on protest and dissent, or the She signs up for a shift every week substitute teacher, may include students in my Civic Leaders Center, answering the crisis line and assisting graduate school. Little completed her I am encouraged by the passionate those who have already made the high school career at The Indiana activism and intensity from so many decision to leave and are sheltering at Academy, an experimental boarding who want to do their part to make this the Middle Way House. school on the campus of Ball State a better world. I’ve now been at SPEA for five years, and these students – Olivia Little who care so much about public policy, civic engagement and learning the skills to ‘lead for the greater good’ – are why I’m optimistic, and excited, about the future.”

SPEA student’s Bee Corp. launches QGPS security service for beekeepers During the year, commercial beekeepers migrate their hives around the nation to provide pollination services to farmers. But the number of beehive thefts has risen in recent years, including more than 1,700 8 “The Iraq Study Group marked a Ellie Symes serious effort by Congress to examine the conduct of the Iraq War and to play its proper role by providing oversight of American foreign policy,” Hamilton said. “I am grateful to Indiana University Libraries for digitizing these records and making them accessible, and I hope that students of government and history will learn from them for years to come.” The papers include notebooks, working papers, office files, meeting minutes, memos and records of news media coverage of the study group’s work. Archivists have prepared an extensive guide allowing users to find and view a digital image of individual hives stolen in California alone during instantly ship a replacement sensor documents from the collection. the 2016 almond pollination season. – we like to say that battery life is “This is an invaluable addition Commercial beekeepers now have infinite,” Symes said. “We focus on to IU Libraries’ collection of political a new, high-tech option to retrieve the sensors so our clients can focus on papers on a topic that dominated their beehives if they are stolen. their hives.” the foreign policy debate at the The Bee Corp., an agriculture time,” said Lee Feinstein, founding dean of the School of Global and technology startup founded by Iraq Study Group Indiana University alumni, has International Studies where Hamilton developed the QGPS Hive Theft papers of Lee is a distinguished scholar. “This Tracking System. CEO Ellie Symes, Hamilton available influential bipartisan commission, a SPEA student, said the principal whose original membership included technology in the system is a discreet digitally through IU two future defense secretaries, gave GPS sensor placed inside the hive. Libraries voice to growing concern about “QGPS provides beekeepers the scope and intensity of the U.S. The Iraq Study Group with an instant alert when it detects military commitment in Iraq and the Papers of former U.S. Rep. Lee unauthorized hive movement. It can importance of broader diplomatic Hamilton are now available automatically notify local authorities engagement in the region.” in digital format from Indiana to dispatch a patrol to the location Carolyn Walters, the Ruth Lilly University Libraries, providing of the hive,” Symes said. “After a Dean of University Libraries, said she researchers and the public with a theft has occurred, QGPS generates a appreciates Hamilton’s continued behind-the-scenes look at a bipartisan report that can be used to prosecute commitment to preservation of panel that influenced U.S. policy in the thieves and return the hive to its committee documentation. She Iraq. rightful owner.” said the Iraq Study Group papers Hamilton, now a SPEA professor The Bee Corp. offers three service represent the third fully digitized of practice, served as co-chair of packages for the QGPS Hive Theft collection in the Modern Political the study group, which assessed Tracking System, depending on the Papers Collection held at the the conduct of the Iraq War and risk of theft at the site. The company Bloomington campus. recommended changes in U.S. policy. also offers QGPS monitoring to track “This digitization and description The collection, donated by Hamilton, clients’ work vehicles and equipment. work – while time-intensive – is consists of the electronic and paper Symes said The Bee Corp. offers important because it makes original, files created by Hamilton and by his a lifetime hardware guarantee on the primary-source documents directly senior advisor and special assistant to sensors. available through online access,” the study group. The files document “Clients never need to pay to Walters said. the formation of the group, its work, repair or replace a faulty sensor. The Iraq Study Group was the creation of its final report and When battery levels get low, we launched in March 2006, growing out follow-up activities. of concerns that the United States 9 From Ho Chi Minh City to Bloomington: Top officials get executive training at SPEA From touring the state capitol in Indianapolis to walking a campus ablaze with autumn colors, high- ranking officials from Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam got a brief but intense taste of all that IU has to offer during their recent visit. SPEA brings delegations from Vietnam to the U.S. for two-week executive training programs. This time, the delegates are leaders of Ho Lee Hamilton Chi Minh City, the wealthiest city in Vietnam, with a population of about 10 million. While in the U.S., the was on the wrong path three years Representative Government at IU officials get classroom instruction after it began military involvement in Bloomington. in public administration reform and Iraq. Hamilton and former Secretary The Iraq Study Group papers field trips to government offices in of State James A. Baker III chaired are part of the IU Libraries’ Modern Bloomington, Indianapolis, and the 10-member, bipartisan task force, Political Papers Collection. The Chicago. made up of former senators, cabinet collection also includes Hamilton’s The visitors learn how the U.S. members and presidential advisers. congressional papers and 9/11 public sector functions and meet The group’s final report, issued in Commission papers as well as with local and regional government December 2006, was 160 pages long congressional papers of former Sens. leaders. The program is part of and included 79 recommendations. Richard Lugar and Birch Bayh, press IU’s Vietnam Initiative, a global The report had a significant impact and political files of former Gov. and hub for research and training in on American foreign policy in Iraq. Sen. Evan Bayh, and other sets of development policy that is based at Four working groups of 44 documents. SPEA. foreign policy analysts – including “It’s rewarding to welcome these staff of the U.S. Institute of Peace, distinguished guests and then play among others – examined American a part in helping them improve the policy in Iraq. The work included nine plenary sessions, a four-day Participants in the Vietnam Initiative trip to Baghdad, and interviews with over 170 experts, military officers and political players in Iraq and the region. Hamilton represented Indiana’s 9th District in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1999. He gained a reputation for foreign policy expertise, statesmanship and a nonpartisan approach to solving problems. He served as co-chair of the joint House and Senate committee investigating the Iran- Contra Affair in 1987-88 and as vice chair of the 9/11 Commission in 2002-04. He is founder and senior advisor at the Center on 10 quality of their city’s government,” said Anh Tran, an associate professor at SPEA and director of the Vietnam Initiative. “They learn from us and our students and faculty learn from them. It’s a partnership funded by IU and the Vietnamese government that’s paying dividends for everyone involved and for two communities.” The two-week programs began with a mix of morning lectures at SPEA and afternoon visits to Bloomington’s city hall, the state human resources office in Indianapolis and other public- sector institutions including health care facilities and schools. Andrea Need and Michael McGuire The program ended with a day in Chicago and meetings with city and state government leaders. Then the students will be ready to take on more innovative approaches to participants boarded a flight back to and solve the challenges facing our management across the sectors. Vietnam and the opportunity to put world.” into practice the skills they learned. • Public Budgeting and Finance – The majority of the changes this introduction to government impact the Bachelor of Science in budgeting includes the various New focus on Public Affairs (BSPA) curriculum but revenue sources available and the globalization, will have ramifications for almost all accounting documents used to SPEA undergraduates. While current management, and record financial activities in the students won’t be asked to take public and non-profit sectors. finance strengthens additional credits, they will have the opportunity to choose from a broader The content, titles, and numbers SPEA’s undergraduate array of course offerings including for some courses are also changing public affairs these new options: when the new curriculum begins this fall. “We understand any change curriculum • U.S. Policy and Administration like this can be a source of worry for – this course introduces the SPEA is enhancing its students and their families,” said complex process of policy making undergraduate curriculum to better Andrea Need, SPEA Director of and highlights the forces that prepare students for careers leading Undergraduate Academic Affairs. have shaped recent policy battles for the greater good in a fast-changing “We’re meeting with as many as we profoundly impacting the daily world. can face to face, briefing faculty so lives of Americans. SPEA is revising undergraduate they have the option of discussing the degree curricula after two years • Policymaking Around the World changes in class, and communicating of review by faculty and staff with – this introduction to the fields the details through emails, social input from students, alumni, and of comparative and international media, and printed materials.” professionals in the field. The changes policy explores how and why Students with questions are urged were overwhelmingly approved by other nations make policy choices to make appointments with their SPEA’s faculty. and how governments can work advisors. “These improvements in our with other actors to solve global curriculum are another example problems. of the spirit of innovation and • Management of Public Problems leadership at SPEA that began with and Solutions – at a time marked our founding nearly 50 years ago,” by complex issues and a shortage said Executive Associate Dean of resources and public trust, Michael McGuire. “When they this course explores the move to graduate, our more than 2,000 11 A IN DAY THE LIFE OF The Paul H. O’Neill Graduate Center The Paul H. O’Neill Graduate Center at SPEA has now been open for a year and it is our comfortable, incredibly busy home. Photographer Mary Jo Spiegel offers a glimpse at all that goes on in a single day.

12 13 boldfaceNames national study indicates that faith-based community organizing is becoming a viable pathway for promoting civic engagement among Muslim Americans.

Public Policy Institute Director Tom Guevara was appointed to the Innovation Policy Forum at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The Forum brings together representatives of government, industry, national laboratories, research institutes and universities – foreign and domestic – to exchange views on current challenges and opportunities for U.S. innovation policy, and its potential impact on the composition of the U.S. economy. Beth Gazley

Chris Craft published an article, Beth Gazley received Indiana University’s Although enrollment initially grew in these “Enhancing protection of vulnerable W. George Pinnell Award for Outstanding markets, enrollment has fallen recently waters,” in Nature Geoscience. The 2015 Service. The award was established in amid insurer exits and rising premiums. Clean Water Rule was intended to extend 1988 to honor faculty considered shining federal protections to freshwater streams examples of dedication and excellence Brad Fulton published an article in the and wetlands, especially impermanent in service to others. Gazley was selected Journal of Muslim Philanthropy and Civil streams and wetlands outside floodplains, from more than 4,000 faculty members on Society. Fulton’s article, “Fostering Muslim but has yet to be implemented. In the all eight campuses based on nominations. Civic Engagement through Faith-Based article, Craft and 24 co-authors from many Community Organizing,” addresses a topic institutions discuss three approaches to Jim Perry received the 2018 Routledge rarely researched – Muslim American civic protecting these ecologically important Prize for Outstanding Contributions to engagement. His analysis of data from a aquatic systems. Public Management Research. The award is bestowed by the International Research Society for Public Management (IRSPM) to a scholar for career-long achievement in public management and public administration. Perry joins an illustrious and influential list of Routledge recipients and has been invited to the IRSPM conference in Edinburgh, Scotland in April to receive the prize in person.

Kosali Simon co-authored an article in Economics Letters. In “Demand for Health Insurance Marketplace Plans Was Highly Elastic in 2014-2015,” the authors analyze changes within Health Insurance Marketplaces, which began operating for the 2014 Affordable Care Act plan year. Jim Perry

14 Doctoral student Stefan Carpenter and David Konisky co-authored an article in Oryx – the International Journal of Conservation: “The killing of Cecil the Lion as an impetus for policy change.” Cecil was shot and killed in Zimbabwe in 2015, sparking international media attention and causing outrage among conservationists. Carpenter and Konisky measured public

interest in Cecil’s death to determine if it BigStock™ from under license used ©frenchp, was the type of focusing event that leads to policy change. They found that interest in lion conservation throughout the world spiked in the weeks following the incident but it had only a limited impact on policy changes to restrict trophy hunting in the United States and abroad. Cecil the Lion

Anthony Liu co-authored an article published in the Journal of Environmental Economics and Management: “The Effect of Sameeksha Desai published an article in Amina Salamova received a $490,400 Subway Expansions on Vehicle Congestion: Geography Compass: “Economic effects of award from the National Institute of Evidence from Beijing.” The authors used terrorism: Local and city considerations, Environmental Health Sciences (National a regression-discontinuity framework to priorities for research and policy.” Desai Institutes of Health). With several other determine if public transportation reduces notes that the economic effects of researchers, Salamova will investigate vehicle congestion. They examined the terrorist attacks are difficult to assess exposures, endocrine effects, and effect of six subway openings on short- because terrorism is highly local. She says mechanisms of developmental disruption run congestion in Beijing between 2009 policymakers are increasingly interested in associated with legacy contaminants and and 2015 and determined that vehicle economic resilience to terrorism but have emerging flame retardant chemicals in congestion drops sharply immediately little scholarship to guide decisions in local children of two Yupik communities on St. after new subway openings. and urban economies. Lawrence Island in arctic Alaska. The Arctic is subject to atmospheric deposition of Justin Ross authored an article in Allison Schnable received the 2017 persistent organic pollutants and contains Public Administration Review: “Unfunded RGK-ARNOVA President’s Award for some of the most highly contaminated Mandates and Fiscal Structure: Empirical her proposed research “Balancing animals and people in the world. Evidence from a Synthetic Control Model.” the Professional with the Expressive: Ross examines a Florida constitutional Organizational Learning and Grassroots Doctoral student Gabriel Piña and amendment that limited unfunded state International NGOs.” The $10,000 prize Claudia Avellaneda published an article mandates on municipal and county supports basic research and theory in Public Management Review: “Municipal governments. Using the synthetic control building in the field of philanthropic, isomorphism: testing the effects of vertical model, a technique for drawing causal nonprofit and voluntary action studies. and horizontal collaboration.” Piña and inferences from case studies, Ross Avellaneda used neo-institutional theory estimates the effect of the amendment. Amanda Rutherford and Tom to explore whether local governments in Rabovsky published an article in Chile emulate their peers when bound Shahzeen Attari co-authored an article Public Administration Review. “Does the through collaborative agreements and/ in Sustainability: “Farmer perceptions Motivation for Market-Based Reform or scrutinized by central government with of water related to conflict in Zambia.” Matter? The Case of Responsibility- top-down pressure. Attari and her co-authors studied the Centered Management (RCM)” focuses relationship between climate change, on a higher education funding model Dawne DiOrio co-authored an article in water scarcity, and conflict. By surveying used by many doctorate-granting private Sexually Transmitted Diseases: “Social farmers in Zambia, the authors learned and public institutions. Rutherford and Vulnerability in Congenital Syphilis how farmers define and perceive conflict Rabovsky analyze factors that make Case Mothers: Qualitative Assessment and how they perceive rainfall and water an organization more likely to adopt of Cases in Indiana.” With co-authors, availability. RCM and whether this type of system DiOrio examined socioeconomic and has implications for organizational behavioral factors among women giving performance. birth to an infant with syphilis. The article

15 recommends that high-risk pregnant David Audretsch received an honorary not yet been awarded tenure and to women receive additional social and doctorate degree, his sixth, from the provide resources to further develop their material support to prevent a congenital University of Siegen. Audretsch was scientific, scholarly or artistic activities. syphilis case. presented the honor by Dr. Andreas It is presented by the Office of the Vice Pinkwart, State Minister for Economic Provost for Faculty and Academic Affairs. Sanya Carley, Denvil Duncan, John D. Affairs and Energy of North Rhine- Ward is a hydrologist who studies the Graham, Saba Siddiki, and Nikolaos Westphalia. A local newspaper story on transport of water, energy, nutrients and Zirogiannis received a best paper award, the ceremony noted that Audretsch is pollutants through landscapes. His goal entitled the George I. Treyz Award for a “superstar” in the academic world is to predict water quantity, water quality, Excellence in Economic Analysis, for and one of the leading scientists in the and ecosystem functions in response to the report: “Macroeconomic Study of field of enterprise research, focusing changes due to natural change or human Federal and State Automotive Regulations on innovation and entrepreneurship. modification. He received a National with Recommendations for Analysts, In remarks after accepting the award, Science Foundation CAREER Award to Regulators, and Legislators.” The annual Audretsch said he was married in Berlin study linkages between surface- and award, bestowed by Regional Economic and his sons were born there: “Germany groundwaters, and scale predictive Models, Inc. (REMI), is in recognition of gave me wings.” power from meters to entire river basins. exceptional economic analysis conducted His work has been published in leading with the REMI model. Beth Gazley and Jill Nicholson-Crotty journals in water resources and related published an article in Nonprofit and disciplines. Monika Herzig received a grant-in-aid Voluntary Sector Quarterly. In “What Drives Ward came to IU in 2014 from the from the IU Office of the Vice President Good Governance? A Structural Equation University of Iowa. He is an adjunct faculty for Research to support a student Model of Nonprofit Board Performance,” member in the department of Earth and organization she sponsors. The $3,000 Gazley and Nicholson-Crotty analyze a Atmospheric Sciences and the School of grant supported the Bloomington Music weighted, national, representative study Informatics, Computing and Engineering. Summit organized by the student Music of 1,585 member-serving organizations to He has bachelor’s and master’s degrees Industry Networking Club. find support for an emerging “systems” from Michigan Technological University view of nonprofit boards of directors. This and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from Penn Coady Wing co-authored an article perspective challenges the normative State University. He received the Trustees published in Educational Researcher: “Did view that board performance depends on Teaching Award in 2016 and SPEA’s States Use Implementation Discretion to achieving an optimal size or structure. Outstanding Graduate Teaching Award in Reduce the Stringency of NCLB? Evidence 2017. from a Database of State Regulations.” Adam Ward is one of five assistant Wing and co-authors analyzed how states professors to receive the 2018 Indiana actually implemented the No Child Left University Bloomington Outstanding Behind law and the extent to which state Junior Faculty Award. implementation decisions managed to The award is designed to identify undo its centralizing objectives. promising tenure-track faculty who have

Amanda Rutherford co-authored an article published in Research in Higher Adam Ward Education: “Mitigating Unintended Impacts? The Effects of Premiums for Underserved Populations in Performance- Funding Policies for Higher Education.” Performance funding is an increasingly prevalent policy that state officials use to allocate a portion of state funds to public colleges and universities.

Sara Johnson received the Exemplary Service Award from the American College of Healthcare Executives. Johnson received the award for her many volunteer activities that demonstrate leadership and her contributions to furthering professional excellence.

16 photoFinish

SPEA’s Office of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion hosts a multi-faceted MLK Day commemoration Rock star John Mellencamp uses props to introduce a documentary about the coal industry, screened at a SPEA event

SPEA professor Jim Barnes, one of the early leaders of the EPA, interviews SPEA Ph.D. students are all smiles after their annual conference former EPA director Gina McCarthy

SPEA’s Paul Helmke and Evan Bayh were rivals in We’re celebrating the 45th anniversary of the founding of the school – here are some of the staff that the 1998 U.S. Senate race in Indiana – reunited at make it go a SPEA Town Hall SCHOOL OF Nonprofit Organization PUBLIC AND U.S. Postage ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS PAID Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana Permit No. 2 1315 E. Tenth Street Bloomington, IN 47405-1701

Learn more about what’s new at SPEA: t @speaiub @SPEA_DeanGraham f facebook.com/iuspea i instagram.com/iuspea y youtube.com/user/iuspea

See updated research projects and faculty profiles at spea.indiana.edu