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2019: Human Rights Watch World Report

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2019: Human Rights Watch World Report HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH WORLD REPORT | 2019 EVENTS OF 2018 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH WORLD REPORT 2019 EVENTS OF 2018 Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that Copyright © 2019 Human Rights Watch works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and All rights reserved. advance the cause of human rights for all. Printed in the United States of America Human Rights Watch began in 1978 with the founding of its Europe and ISBN-13: 978-1-60980-884-6 Central Asia division (then known as Helsinki Watch). Today it also includes divisions covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe and Central Cover photo: Anti-government protestors in Venezuela take to the streets for a candlelight vigil in honor of protesters killed Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and the United States. There are in clashes with security forces. thematic divisions or programs on arms; business and human rights; © 2017 Associated Press children’s rights; disability rights; the environment and human rights; Back cover photo: Immigrant children, many of whom have health and human rights; international justice; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and been separated from their parents under a new “zero transgender rights; refugees; terrorism and counterterrorism; women’s tolerance” policy by the Trump administration, are being rights; and emergencies. housed in tents next to the Mexican border in Tornillo, Texas, US, June 18, 2018. The organization maintains offices in Amman, Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, © REUTERS/Mike Blake Bishkek, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, Kiev, Kinshasa, London, Los Angeles, Miami, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Cover and book design by Rafael Jiménez Paris, San Francisco, São Paulo, Seoul, Silicon Valley, Stockholm, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich, and field presences in more than 50 other locations globally. Human Rights Watch is an independent, nongovernmental organization, supported by contributions from private individuals and foundations worldwide. It accepts no government funds, directly or indirectly. www.hrw.org HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH The staff includes Kenneth Roth, Executive Director; Michele Alexander, Advocacy directors of Human Rights Watch are Maria Laura Canineu, Brazil; Deputy Executive Director, Development and Global Initiatives; Nic Dawes, Louis Charbonneau, United Nations–New York; Farida Deif, Canada; Kanae Doi, Deputy Executive Director, Media; Iain Levine, Deputy Executive Director, Japan; John Fisher, United Nations–Geneva; Meenakshi Ganguly, South Asia; Program; Chuck Lustig, Deputy Executive Director, Operations; Bruno Stagno Bénédicte Jeannerod, Paris; Lotte Leicht, European Union; Sarah Margon, Ugarte, Deputy Executive Director, Advocacy; Chris Albin-Lackey, Senior Legal Washington DC; Ben Ward, UK (acting); Wenzel Michalski, Berlin; Advisor; Walid Ayoub, Information Technology Director; Pierre Bairin, Måns Molander, Stockholm; and Elaine Pearson, Australia. Media Director; Clive Baldwin, Senior Legal Advisor; Liba Beyer, Director, Board of Directors members are Hassan Elmasry, Co-Chair; Robert Kissane, Global Campaigns; Laura Boardman, Managing Director, Development and Co-Chair; Michael G. Fisch, Vice Chair and Treasurer; Oki Matsumoto, Vice Chair; Global Initiatives; Philippe Bolopion, Deputy Director for Global Advocacy; Amy Rao, Vice Chair; Amy Towers, Vice Chair; Catherine Zennström, Vice Chair; Grace Choi, Director, Publications and Information Design; Bruce Rabb, Secretary; Akwasi Aidoo; Jorge Castañeda; George Coelho; Matthew Collins-Gibson, Managing Director, Leadership Gifts; Emma Daly, Natasha Dolby; Kimberly Marteau Emerson; Lawton Fitt; Leslie Gilbert-Lurie; Communications Director; Alan Feldstein, Associate General Counsel; Paul Gray; Caitlin Heising; Karen Herskovitz; Susan Kane; Betsy Karel; Barbara Guglielmo, Director of Finance; Jasmine Herlt, Managing Director, David Lakhdhir; Louisa Lee-Reizes; Alicia Miñana; Joan R. Platt, Neil Rimer; Development and Global Initiatives; Kristine Jensen, Senior Director, Shelley Rubin; Ambassador Robin Sanders; Sidney Sheinberg; Bruce Simpson; Foundations and Program Liaison; Miriam Mahlow, Managing Director, Joseph Skrzynski AO; Donna Slaight; Siri Stolt-Nielsen; Darian W. Swig; Development and Global Initiatives; Veronica Matushaj, Director, and Marie Warburg. Documentary Video and Photography; Stephen Northfield, Digital Director; Babatunde Olugboji, Deputy Program Director; Dinah PoKempner, General Emeritus Board Members are Joel Motley, Chair, 2013-2016; James F. Hoge, Jr., Counsel; Tom Porteous, Deputy Program Director; Aisling Reidy, Senior Legal Chair, 2010-2013; Jane Olson, Chair 2004-2010; Jonathan F. Fanton, Advisor; James Ross, Legal and Policy Director; Joseph Saunders, Deputy Chair, 1998-2003; Robert L. Bernstein, Founding Chair, 1979-1997; Program Director; Frances Sinha, Global Human Resources Director; Lisa Anderson; David M. Brown; William D. Carmichael; Michael E. Gellert; and Minky Worden, Director of Global Initiatives. Vartan Gregorian; Alice H. Henkin; Stephen L. Kass; Marina Pinto Kaufman; Wendy Keys; Bruce Klatsky; Joanne Leedom-Ackerman; Josh Mailman; Division directors of Human Rights Watch are Brad Adams, Asia; John Biaggi, Susan Manilow; Samuel K. Murumba; Peter Osnos; Kathleen Peratis; International Film Festival; Priyanka Motapathy, Emergencies (acting); Sigrid Rausing; Victoria Riskin; Kevin Ryan; Orville Schell; Richard Dicker, International Justice; Bill Frelick, Refugees; Arvind Ganesan, Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber; Gary Sick; Malcolm B. Smith; Business and Human Rights; Liesl Gerntholtz, Women’s Rights; Steve Goose, and John J. Studzinski. Arms; Nadim Houry, Terrorism and Counterterrorism; Diederik Lohman, Health and Human Rights; Zama Neff, Children’s Rights; Marcos Orellana, Environment and Human Rights; Alison Parker, United States; Shantha Rau Barriga, Disability Rights; Graeme Reid, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Rights; Mausi Segun, Africa; José Miguel Vivanco, Americas; Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East and North Africa; and Hugh Williamson, Europe and Central Asia. WORLD REPORT 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Foreword VIII World’s Autocrats Face Rising Resistance 1 by Kenneth Roth COUNTRIES 15 Afghanistan ...................................................................................................17 Algeria ..........................................................................................................24 Angola ..........................................................................................................29 Argentina ......................................................................................................34 Armenia ........................................................................................................41 Australia .......................................................................................................46 Azerbaijan.....................................................................................................53 Bahrain.........................................................................................................59 Bangladesh...................................................................................................65 Belarus .........................................................................................................73 Bolivia ..........................................................................................................79 This 29th annual World Report is dedicated to the memory of our beloved Bosnia and Herzegovina................................................................................85 colleague David Mepham OBE, UK director, who died of cancer on October 21 at Brazil ............................................................................................................91 age 50. David was a superb advocate, combining a piercing intellect, an Burundi .......................................................................................................101 extraordinary eloquence, and a deep personal commitment to the human rights Cambodia....................................................................................................107 cause. Colleagues around the world recall the depth and scope of his Cameroon ....................................................................................................115 knowledge, his willingness to go the extra mile, and his determination to Canada .......................................................................................................120 challenge those in power—always with unfailing courtesy. Perhaps most of all, Central African Republic ...............................................................................125 we miss his genuine warmth, evident in his deep love for his family, and his steadfast support of colleagues and friends. Chile ...........................................................................................................130 China...........................................................................................................135 Colombia .....................................................................................................151 Côte d’Ivoire ................................................................................................159
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