Ethiopian Cyberinfrastructure

By Zelalem Assefa Agenda  What is Cyberinfrastructure?

 Major Areas and Elements

 Ethiopian Status on the Major area of Cyberinfrastructure

 Networking

 Organizations

 Software

 Computational Resources

 Collaboration tools

 Data 2  Expertise Cyberinfrastructure

 As defined by Indiana University “Cyberinfrastructure consists of computing systems, data storage systems, advanced instruments and data repositories, visualization environments, and people, all linked together by software and high performance networks to improve research productivity and enable breakthroughs not otherwise possible.”

3 Major Areas and Elements

Organizations Universities, schools Government labs, agencies Research and Medical Centers Expertise Libraries, Museums Scientific Instruments Research and Scholarship Virtual Organizations Large Facilities, MREFCs,,telescopes Education Communities Colliders, shake Tables Learning and Workforce Development Sensor Arrays Interoperability and operations - Ocean, environment, weather, Cyberscience buildings, climate. etc

Discovery Collaboratio Data n Databases, Data repositories Computational Collections and Libraries Education Data Access; storage, navigation Resources management, mining tools, Supercomputers curation, privacy Clouds, Grids, Clusters Visualization Compute services Data Centers Networking Campus, national, international networks Data Software Research and experimental networks Advanced Applications, middleware End-to-end throughput Software development and support Cybersecurity Infrastructure Cybersecurity: access, Computational authorization, authentication Program Infrastructure Ethiopian Context on the Major area of Cyberinfrastructure 1. Networking  Campus, national, international networks  Research and experimental networks  Cybersecurity 2. Organizations  Universities  Government labs, agencies  Research and Medical Centers  Libraries, Museums  Virtual Organizations  Communities

5 Continued .. 3. Software  Applications, middleware  Software development and support  Cybersecurity: access, authorization, authentication 4. Computational Resources  Supercomputers  Clouds, Grids, Clusters  Visualization  Compute services  Data Centers 5. Collaboration Tools 6. Data  Databases, Data repositories  Collections and Libraries  Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools, 6 curation, privacy Continued .. 6. Expertise  Research and Scholarship  Education  Learning and Workforce Development  Interoperability and operations  Cyberscience 7. Scientific Instruments  Large Facilities, Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction ,telescopes  Colliders, shake Tables  Sensor Arrays; Ocean, environment, weather, buildings, climate. etc

7 Networking 1. Campus, national, international networks 2. Research and experimental networks 3. Cybersecurity

8 Campus Network Infrastructure for Universities EthERNet is coordinating the universities in building standard and state of the art campus network, which includes  Data Center Infrastructure.  Fibre and UTP Cabling  Security ,Wired & Wireless LAN, VOIP etc

9 National Network -EthERNet  Ethiopian Education and Research Network (EthERNet) is the Ethiopian National Research and Education Network (NREN). It is also a Research and experimental networks  EthERNet 40G backbone with 10G access to 36 public Universities and Institute of Technologies having its own state of the art Data Center and Network Operation Center  The optical (fiber) backbone is built on highly reliable OPGW and ADSS on EEU high voltage lines. 4841 Km of fibers are used  Costs More than 1.2 billion ETB  Exchange Point/Internet Gateway is at EthERNet Data Center in to peer with neighboring NRENs (SudREN, KENET, SolmaliREN) and ultimately will connect to UbuntuNet, GiANT, Internet2 and all other global research and education network.  Current Member of UbuntuNet Alliance National Network -EthERNet IP Network -EthERNet

T8000 D Berhan Ambo Wollega Gonder Assosa M6000-3s Debere Tabour Metu Debre Markos Bahirdar Mekel 40G Semera 10G

Welkete Woldiya Bahirdar(5) (6) Wollo Sidst Mizan Teferi Kilo(3) Edge layer Aggregation layer EPR-1(1) Civil service EPR-2(2)

Bole(4) KOTEBE Wolayita AASTU

Adama(8) Welkete(7) Arbaminch EiABC

Wachamo AAU IOT Meda Welabu Haromaya Bule Horra Dilla Debre Zebit Jigjiga Defence 12

International Network -AfricaConnect project

London (UK)  Agreement between AU Gateway PoP (Existing) TENET Amsterdam 10GE (Existing) Amsterdam (NL) Gateway PoP and EU (Co-funded by (Existing) Khartoum (SS) TENET SEACOM 10GE funded by EU80% ) Africa – Europe (Existing) Addis-Ababa EIG Circuit (ET) Mombasa (KE) Phase 2 Gateway PoP PoP  Kampala Nairobi But we are also (KE) (UG) Edge (Country) PoP Dar Es Salaam (TZ) P/PE Core PoP Kigali Gateway PoP negotiating with (Non-African Circuits) (RW)

Maputo (MZ) P/PE Wet backbone Kinshasa P/PE Core PoP Core international provider to (CD) Lusaka (ZM) Wet Backbone Links Blantyre (MW) Existing Circuits hook us to UbuntuNet Windhoek Cross Border Circuit (NA) Phase 2 Circuit MPLS X-Connect TENET CLOUD alliance router in London Future WACS Cable Mtunzini (ZA) Intercontinental Circuit Gateway PoP  The AfricaConnect project will benefit researchers, educators and students in Southern and Eastern Africa, focusing on the member countries of the UbuntuNet Alliance.  It aims to establish a high-capacity Internet network for research and education in Southern and Eastern Africa to provide the region with a gateway to global research collaboration.  Organizing a direct interconnection of the resulting regional network to GÉANT International Network – ’s connection the outside World

• (Port Sudan) • Djibouti 3 International • Kenya (Mombasa) Gateways • Addis Ababa • (North through Khartoum Sudan) Redundant • Dire Dawa (East though Bahir Dar Dire-Dawa Addis Ababa National Djibouti) Shashemene Gateways • Shashemene (South through Kenya) • Total capacity is 27.74 • Through Djibouti = 14.88 • Through Sudan = 7.74 (Canar Internet Tele=4.34 and Sudan Tel = 3.1) Bandwidth • Keney (SAFARICOM) = 1.24 • Satellite = 0.465 • Broadband, Mobile & Fixed Telephone • 10 Gbps are currently being upgraded to 40Gbps National Backbone • Currently 12.5k( Km) fiber all over the country and upgraded to 18k (KM) after a year

14 Cybersecurity  We have 2 firewalls to protect the whole network applications. Those two firewall are running HA (active- passive) mode and provide access, authorization, authentication. Firewall deployment topology as follows,

EthERnet

1

1

0

0

G G FMC1/1 FMC1/1 HA(Active-Passive) Port1 US6820-1 Heartbeat US6820-2 Heartbeat Port2

FMC1/2 FMC1/2 1

1 0

0 G

G Vlan100 Vlan101 Vlan102 Vlanx VlanN Eth1/1 Eth1/1 LAN

Cisco Nexus 7009-1 Smart Group1 Cisco Nexus 7009-2 Smart Group1

Identity Other application Email Web Hosting ... Management system system Organizations 1. Universities 2. Agricultural/Gov labs, agencies 3. Research and Medical Centers 4. Libraries, Museums 5. Virtual Organizations 6. Communities

16 Organizations to be Connected - EthERNet Phase II Project

1. 100 or more higher education and other organizations to be connected to the EthERNet network. 2. Meshed transmission  The transmission network will be meshed topology, and the ring topology shall increase from 2 to 5 Rings.  This will enhance the network security, strengthen service availability. 3. Full OPGW migration  Most of the fiber route uses the existing OPGW cable, but needs to migrate the rest that uses the existing ET’s optical fiber cable. Meanwhile, it needs to push EEU to prioritize the OPGW construction in favor of the cities which accommodate universities. 4. Redundancy at the aggregation layer  For the aggregation layer, one more AG router should be for each aggregation site Fiche Gambela Dembidolo T8000 Black Lion Paulos Medical College Mill.Medical Coll M6000-3s 40G

Mekidla 10G KOMBOLCHA- Amba Debark BIHAR DAR-ARA ARB

KOMBOLCHA-ARA Engebara BIHAR DAR-ARB Maichew SIDIS KILO- ARA SIDIS KILO-ARB DataCenter-EPR-1 Edge layer Aggregation layer DataCenter- BOLE-AR2B BOLE-AR2A EPR-2

Bonga WELKETE-ARB Adama-ARA Kebridahar

Asebe Teferi Worabe

WELKETE-ARA Adama-ARB Asela Jinka

IP Access Network -ISP • Other organization can easily connected to the network using the ISP infrastructure

Broadband Internet CDMA Mobile (GSM) VSA • 84 IP DSLMS in 75 Major Cities • Wireless • 720 words & Main roads have Currently (10 are in Addis) Local loop coverage deployed VSAT • DSLAMs provide broadband intended • GPRS (2.5G) data services is system has the services using ADSL2+/VDSL2 for rural available for all mobile users capacity to technologies areas • EDGE (2.75 G) data services transmit both • About 2000 MSAGs in 75 major • Provide for Addis Ababa & Major cities; voice cities Mobile current active user are 1.4M (television), Data • MSAGs Provide broadband access • 3G : 1.5M capacity available data (Internet) services & with the capacity to support 1.2 in Addis, 4.5 M capacity in and telephone 1x/e-video Million Subscribers regions under implementation 96% internet to be complete in end 2015. • MSAGSs Installed near all connection Government • 4G : 400K capacity data residential and business areas s Secondary • 507 mini-DSLAMS in 507 Woreda services is available in Addis schools have • 90% Ababa: VSAT Towns geographic • Currently 35,478,485M • Each DSLMS can support 24 al 1357 schools Mobile subscribers all over the customers coverage are country. • Out of the 507 Min-DSLAMs, the of the beneficiaries of uplink of 200 of them is upgraded country • Network can support 60M Plasma subscribers to FE. This means by adding • 1X: up to Educational additional cards, the number of 153kbps • A project to upgrade the Broadcast TV capacity to 60M subscribers is program customers to be connected can • EV-DO: Up half way in its implementation. also be increased to 3.1Mbps • DSLAMs are installed on Ethio 20 Telcom facilities ISP existing Fiber link

Other sectors including Financials, Trade, Pubic Service,EEU etc Computational Resources 1. Supercomputers 2. Clouds, Grids, Clusters 3. Visualization 4. Compute services 5. Data Centers

25 Cloud Infrastructure  EthERNet do have state of the art data center containing cloud infrastructure (virtualization and compute services)

26 Physical Network Design

EthERnet

1 0

1 G

0

G FMC1/1 FMC1/1 HA(Active-Passive) Port1 US6820-1 Heartbeat US6820-2 Heartbeat Port2

FMC1/2

1

1

0

FMC1/2 0

G G Eth1/1 Eth1/1 Eth1/5 Cisco Nexus 7009-1 Smart Group1 Cisco Nexus 7009-2 Smart Group1 Eth1/7 Eth1/8 Eth1/6 Eth1/8 Eth1/7 G 1G 1 Eth1/3-4 1G 1G Eth1/3-4 1 *2 G*2 1G

D-F7100-2 D-F7100-1 Pureflex

FC port1 8 G 8G G 8 8G

FC1/1 FC1/2 FC1/1 FC1/2 Cisco Nexus Cisco Nexus

5596UP-1 5596UP-2

G FC1/3 8 FC1/3 8G 1G Heartbeat

1G Service network 1G Management network

8G/10G Network Fiber

Bond1(Active-Backup) 27 IBM V7000 Proposed EthERNet HPC  We used Gaussian and Quantum Espresso previously using the Africa-Grid for our researchers

28 Collaboration Tools  Large File transfer  Videoconferencing-as-a-Service  Works with rooms, laptops/desktops, mobile and web.  Replay, Recording and Streaming. Manage lectures and content for live or on-demand viewing  (Private) Cloud like shared service for each university – no need to buy the servers for UC  Not “rip & replace” – existing H.323 in each universities estate can continue to participate  Reach out to partners and collaborators world-wide  A ready-made service!  Provide distance learning that is interactive and Can also be used for Support and training  Research: This is a particularly popular use of universities and research organizations, and their industry partners.  Promote greater interactions, High quality content sharing, and engagement among teachers and students Continued…. Data Currently EthERNet provide  Open Access Repository (http://ethoar.sci-gaia.eu/) using DOI (digital object Identifier)  Databases, Data repositories  Collections and Libraries  Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools, curation, privacy Way forward  We invested on Technology, but not on people and effect  People are a key element  We have to do Linkage of technology elements by software and high-performance networks into a larger system  We have to organize and invest on Scientific Instruments (Large Facilities, telescopes, Sensor Arrays, etc)  Collaborate and work together MoST and other stack holders Thank You!

Any Q ?