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CRADLE of WINE in the Black Sea Basin Region: Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Turkey 3

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CRADLE of WINE in the Black Sea Basin Region: Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Turkey 3 Promoting Innovative Rural Tourism in Black Sea Basin Region CRADLE OF WINE in the Black Sea Basin Region: Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Turkey 3 www.blackseatourism.org PROMOTING INNOVATIVE RURAL TOURISM IN THE BLACK SEA BASIN REGION This thematic brochure has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this brochure are the sole responsibility of Heifer Project International Armenian Branch Office and can in no way roof that wine was intentionally produced (instead of grapes left out to ferment on their own) has be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. been found on a pot shard, dating back to the Neolithic period, or about 7,000 BC. In fact, the in- tentional production of wine even out-dates the written word. Humans were producing, drinking and The European Commission is the EU’s executive body. Pcollecting wine before they knew how to write- at this time they used images to convey ideas. The European Union is made up of 28 Member States who have decided to gradually link together their know-how, resources and Early in the Neolithic period humans started farming. Before farming, humans lived a nomadic life- destinies. Together, during a period of enlargement of 50 years, they have built a zone of stability, democracy and sustainable style: they had to keep on the move to hunt game and gather nuts, fruits and vegetables. Farming gave development whilst maintaining cultural diversity, tolerance and individual freedoms. The European Union is committed to sharing Homo sapiens the ability to grow their own food and to stay in one place. Man could maintain permanent its achievements and its values with countries and peoples beyond its borders. homes, and with these settlements food and animal storage came. Humans created permanent wine pro- duction areas and wine cellars to ferment their wine-filled clay pots and jars, and save for special occasions. As soon as humans understood how to keep a wine cellar, they did. Wine is thought to be the earliest form The Black Sea Programme is co-financed by the European Union through the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument. of horticulture, as humans learned the cycles of the grape vine, and learned which grapes to pick at what times in order to make a good tasting wine. Common borders. Common Solutions. 4 In September 2010, archeologists discovered a 6,100 year old in ceremonies to honor the dead. It is also thought as a gift, placed 5 Cradle of Wine: winery and wine cellar in Areni (Vayots Dzor province), in present and consumed inside the tombs. Wine-pressing tools have been day Armenia. Within the underground wine cellar, archaeologists found installed into burials and tombs, and drinking cups around discovered a wine press for stomping grapes, fermentation and the graves. Illustrations from that time reflect this evidence. Ac- storage containers, drinking cups, grape vines, skins, and seeds. cording to Armenian and US scientists these findings are the Though evidence of wine has dated back 7,000 years, this is oldest and the most reliable evidence of wine production on the the earliest winery and wine cellar found to date. The findings indi- Planet dating back 6100 years. It is the first time that a complete cated large scale wine production, quite possibly the earliest retail archaeological site of wine production is discovered. winery. Archeologists suggest that our early ancestors used wine here are many legends about the origin of wine,Armenia and practically every region, which is winemaking, has a beautiful story. According to the most realistic stories in the Bible, Noah came down from the top of Mount Ararat in Armenia, and planted the first grape vine. By this time he created Viticulture. According to Holy Bible, the Humanity granted it’s second birth inT Armenia, on Ararat Mountain. "Noah, the tiller of the soil, was the first to plant a vineyard. He drank of the wine and became drunk, and he uncovered himself within the tent." (Genesis 9:20-21) Archaeological data and legends transferred through written testimony affirm that already in the III millennium BC wine was an important presence in ancient Armenia's economic and social life. 6 Ijevan Wine-Brandy Factory "Shahnazaryan" Wine and Brandy Factory "Ginevan" Wine Factory Yerevan Brandy Company "ArArAt" 7 The factory was founded in 1951 The "Shahnazaryan" Wine and The "Ginevan" winery was Yerevan Brandy Company and produces 40 different types Brandy Factory was established founded in 2005. Currently "ArArAt" has preserved the of wine, as well as brandy and in Armenia in 2005 as a family "Ginevan" winery is consid- traditions of the legend- vodka. It features a wine cellar, enterprise. In 2009 a new mod- ered among the five largest ary brandy manufacturing an aging cellar for brandy, a small ern complex for wine and brandy Armenian wineries. Due to since 1887 when a merchant museum and a newly refurbished production was built in Yegh- its high technology and ad- named Nerses Tairyan built tasting room with rustic décor. vard, Kotayk province. Brandy vanced equipment, the com- the first wine and brandy fac- produced by the "Shahnazar- pany produces more than 40 tory in Yerevan. In 1998, Ye- yan" Wine and Brandy Factory types of wines and spirits in revan Brandy Company be- is made with such white grape both standard and souvenir came part of Pernod Ricard sorts as Garandmak, Rkatsiteli, bottles. Group, the world’s leader in Mshali and Kangun. premium wines and spirits. The special endemic grape "Glanzh Alco" "Proshyan Brandy Factory" varieties with flavor properties that are no longer available any- "Yerevan Factory of Sparkling Wines" branch "Glanzh Alco" is premium The "Proshyan Brandy Fac- where in the world are used in production of "ArArAt". In all, there "Yerevan Factory of Sparkling wine, brandy and vodka tory" LLC was founded in are about 13 such varieties, with the main ones including grapes Wines" was founded in 1939. company located at the foot 1887. The factory occupies such as Voskehat, Garan Dmak, Kangun and others. The method Currently, the factory is one of the of Mt. Hatis in Aramus vil- the territory of 35000 m2 and of double steam distillation preserves the flavor and aroma of leaders in Armenia for production lage, Kotayk Province. Wine has a large assortment of grapes, and transfers them into the brandy spirits. The ageing of wines and spirits. It produces brands include white semidry alcoholic beverages includ- of the brandies is done exclusively in oak barrels, and in 2002 a full range of sparkling wines, "Muskat", red dry "Areni", ing cognac, wine, vodka, the factory rebuilt its own cooperage industry in accordance with including classic and collection red sweet "Kagor", red semi- liquor and champagne. The classic technology and using only Armenian varieties of oak. Dur- wines according to French tech- sweet "Saperavi", sweet and main products of the factory ing the ageing process the spirit is enriched with natural flavors of nology, as well as brandies with semi-sweet "Pomegranate" are the Armenian brandies dried fruits, spices, chocolate and vanilla. aging from 3 to 10 years. and other fruit wines. of 3-30 years maturity known all over the world, which are made of selected sorts of grape grown in the Ararat valley. The plant is also famous for its original fruit wines, such as pomegranate, quince, blackberry and cherry. 8 "NOY" Yerevan Ararat Brandy-Wine-Vodka "Armenia Wine" "Ashtarak’s Wines" to the highest international 9 Factory "Armenia Wine", one of the Established in 1954, "Ashtarak’s Wines" standards and boasts the lat- Yerevan Ararat Brandy-Wine- leading Armenian compa- is renowned producer of cognac and est enological equipment, as Vodka Factory was built by nies for wine, brandy and Sherry wine. Nicely decorated tasting well as hundreds of tradition- the first guild merchant Ners- vodka production, has pro- area is located within impressive wine al French and Karabakh oak es Tairyan in 1877 on the for- duction facilities in Sasunik cellar which houses a remarkable col- barrels used for aging. mer sight of Erivan fortress. village, Aragatsotn province. lection of old wines. Among others, in In 1899 the company was The company, which was "Ashtarak’s wines" one can taste some acquired by a Russian indus- established in 2008, pro- uncommon wines such as: different trial company "Shustov and duces a wide range of grape types of Sherry, rose petal wine and wine "MAP" Winery Sons". In 1902 only Shustov, and fruit wines and vodka. The whole complex is built with orange made of 40 different herbs. The Wine Brandy Factory of the only one in the world, was tuff stones in classic Armenian architectural style and covers terri- Hoktemberian was found- granted with the right to use the name "cognac" for the brandies tory of 50,000 square meters. The company’s manufactured grape ed in 1944 in the village of produced in Armenia. In the history of brandy production it was an wine assortment includes dry and semisweet types of red, rose and "Voskevaz" Wine Cellar Lenughi. After privatization exceptional advantage, as only the French had the right to use the white, and special editions of white and red wines. The company Established in 1932, "Vos- in 1995 it was renamed to word "cognac". In 1912 "Nikolay Shustov and sons" company, for also produces pomegranate dry and semisweet varieties. kevaz" Wine Cellar has a long "MAP" CJSC. Vineyards of the highest quality of their products, became the Supplier of the tradition of wine production. "MAP" Company are located Imperial Court. "Van Ardi" Winery The winery makes 11 differ- in the Ararat valley, which is In 1920 the factory was nationalized and renamed Yerevan Ararat "Van Ardi" is a newly established ent types of wines, including considered one of the most Brandy-Wine-Vodka Factory.
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