Sectoral Studies on Decent Work in Global Supply Chains
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Sectoral Studies on Decent Work in Global Supply Chains Comparative Analysis of Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply Chains Sectoral Studies on Decent Work in Global Supply Chains Comparative Analysis of Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply Chains Funding for this research was provided by the Government of the Netherlands through a technical cooperation project Sectoral Policies Department (SECTOR) INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE – GENEVA Copyright © International Labour Organization 2015 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. 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Sectoral Studies on Decent Work in Global Supply Chains Comparative Analysis of Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply Chains International Labour Office (ILO), Sectoral Policies Department. - Geneva: ILO, 2015 ISBN 978-92-2-131012-9 (print) 978-92-2-131013-6 (web pdf) decent work / promotion of employment / value chains / multinational enterprise / chemical industry / tourism / hotel industry / tea / cargo / logistics / good practices 13.01.1 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. 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Printed in Italy Foreword The International Labour Organization (ILO) is the United Nations specialized agency devoted to advancing opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. The ILO Sectoral Policies Department (SECTOR) promotes decent work by supporting the Organization’s tripartite constituents to address social and labour issues in different economic sectors at the global, regional and national levels. The purpose of these studies on multinational enterprises’ good practice in promoting decent work in global supply chains is to encourage the exchange of ideas and to provide supplementary inputs to the general discussion on Decent Work in Global Supply Chains scheduled to take place during the 2016 Session of the International Labour Conference. The individual global supply chain studies were prepared for the ILO by the following external consultants: Chris Wright (chemicals); Jacqui Boardman, Amber Johns and Drogos Petre (tourism); Huw Thomas (tea); and Alan McClay, Claudine Musitelli and Fanny Garcia (logistics). These SECTOR colleagues provided valuable reviews of and technical contributions to these background studies: El’vis Beytullayev, Sabine de Bruijn, Alejandra Cruz Ross, Sara Elder, Mariangels Fortuny, Julia Lear, Yasuhiko Kamakura, Youbin Kang, Lucy Reimers, David Seligson, and Wolfgang Weinz. Ricarda McFalls, an external consultant, proofread and edited the material. The responsibility for opinions expressed in these studies rests solely with their authors, and their publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. We are highly grateful to the Netherlands Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment for its funding support to this research project. Alette van Leur, Director Sectoral Policies Department iii Contents Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in Promoting Decent Work in Global Supply Chains: A Comparative Analysis of the Global Chemical, Tourism, Tea and Logistics Sectors .................................................1 STUDY 1: Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in the Promotion of Decent Work in the Chemical Global Supply Chain ...........7 Executive summary ............................................................................................9 Abbreviations and acronyms ............................................................................11 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................12 2. Implications for promoting decent work in the chemical global supply chain (GSC) ......................................................................................................18 3. Good practices for promoting decent work in the chemical global supply chain ................................................................................................................23 4. Conclusions ......................................................................................................36 Bibliography .....................................................................................................38 STUDY 2: Opportunities and Challenges in the Promotion of Decent Work in Hotel Global Supply Chains ...................................................43 Executive summary ..........................................................................................46 Abbrevations and acronyms .............................................................................48 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................49 2. The global travel and tourism industry ...............................................................50 3. The Hotel Industry Landscape ..........................................................................54 4. A closer look at multinational hotel supply chains ..............................................57 5. Good practices for promoting decent work in multinational hotel chains ...........62 6. Conclusions ......................................................................................................83 Appendices ......................................................................................................87 Bibliography ....................................................................................................95 v STUDY 3: Good Practices by Multinational Enterprises in the Promotion of Decent Work in the Global Tea Supply Chain .................101 Executive summary ........................................................................................104 Abbreviations and acronyms ..........................................................................105 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................106 2. Decent work in the global tea supply chain .....................................................110 3. Good practices by MNEs in promoting decent work .......................................116 4. MNEs and their supply chains.........................................................................121 5. Assessing the effectiveness of CSR practices in the tea sector .......................127 6. Conclusions ....................................................................................................130 Bibliography ...................................................................................................132 STUDY 4: Opportunities and Challenges for the Promotion of Decent Work by Multinational Enterprises: The Freight Transport and Logistics Industry .....................................................................................139 Executive summary ........................................................................................142 Abbreviations and acronyms ..........................................................................143 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................144 2. Working in the transport and logistics industry ................................................149 3. Study design ..................................................................................................158 4. Good practices for promoting decent work .....................................................160 5. Findings ..........................................................................................................161