ISSN 2372-2517 (Online), ISSN 2372-2479 (Print) METALEPTEAMETALEPTEA THE NEWSLETTER OF THE ORTHOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY

TABLE OF CONTENTS President’s Message (Clicking on an article’s title will take you By ALEXANDRE V. LATCHININSKY to the desired page) President [email protected] [1] PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE [2] SOCIETY NEWS ear Fellow Orthopterists, [2] ICO2019 - Join our next Congress Be part of an exceptional scientific event in by A. IDRISSI The autumn starts, [2] The 2018 ESA Organized Meeting on which means that the orthopteroids draws near! by B. FOQUET th [4] Summer Time Updates from preparations for the 13 the Global Initiative! by A. RIVERS, R. DD International Congress OVERSON & A. CEASE of Orthopterology are going at full [5] Workshop Annoncement: Orthopteroid : Biodiversity and Ecology evolution speed. I would like to take a moment in a changing environment by F.M. BUZZETTI and provide some important remind- [7] New updated version of “Acridomorph () of ers. Please note that all the informa- Argentina and Uruguay” by M.M. CIGLIANO tion regarding the Congress can be [7] REGIONAL REPORTS found at its website at ico2019moroc- [7] China by Y. YOU & L. ZHANG co.com. Besides the scientific pro- [8] T.J. COHN GRANT REPORTS [8] Clearing up taxonomic uncertainties gram, details of accommodations surrounding primary and alternate male and fees, there is a wealth of touristic morphs within the orthopteran family information including the description Pneumoridae by M. LAUBSCHER, V.C.K. COULDRIDGE, & A. ENGELBRECHT of a breath-taking post-Congress tour. [10] Understanding the adaptive capacity of First and foremost, the deadline alpine under climate change for submitting your abstracts is just Furthermore, I would like to remind by S. YADAV & R. DUDANIEC that at the Congress several presti- [13] OSF GRANT REPORTS around the corner. Don’t forget to [13] Type diversity of Pyrgomorphidae IV: submit them to orthoptera2019@uiz. gious OS awards will find their recipi- Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo ac.ma by 31st of October using the ents. In particular, the 2019 Ted Cohn Doria”, Genova, by R. MARIÑO-PÉREZ Award for Excellence as a Young [15] CONTRIBUTED ARTICLES template that can be found at “Call [15] An effective biological control method of Contributions” at the Congress Professional Orthopterist, 2019 DCF of yellow-spined bamboo locust ( Rentz Award for Lifetime Dedication kiangsu) has been developed in Lao PDR and website. If you want to apply for an Vietnam by S. PHITHALSOUN & L. ZHANG Orthopterists’ Society Travel Grant to Orthopterology, and 2019 Sir Boris [17] A case of non-diapausing development to attend the Congress, you should Uvarov Award in Applied Orthopter- of eggs of the two-striped , ology. Details about each award and Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) by W. DAKHEL & do so by sending your application A. LATCHININSKY electronically by 31st of October the nomination requirements can be [18] Did Leo Zehntner really name a new directly to davidmhunter100@gmail. found at the Congress website in the species of grasshopper in his own honour? “Awards and Grants” section. The by J. HOLLIER & L. WILLEMSE com. The application should include [20] 2018: 200th birthday and rebirth of an estimate of travel costs plus a copy deadline for these three award nomi- the Museu Nacional by PEDRO G.B. SOUZA- st of the abstract that you have already nations is the 31 of January, 2019 DIAS [23] BOOK REVIEW st and they should be sent electronically submitted by 31 of October deadline. [23] Book Review: The Grasshoppers of The Travel Grants are mainly, but not to [email protected]. Greece by K.-G. HELLER exclusively, for students or young Travel grants and society awards be- [24] PHOTO HIGHLIGHT came possible thanks to the generous [24] Don’t mind me! by D.A. WOLLER professionals (aged 35 years or less). [25] EDITORIAL Hurry up - Society travel funds are gift of the Orthopterists’ Society’s late limited! President, Ted Cohn.

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 1 METALEPTEA Lastly, I would like to share some ming to take a position of an Agricul- Together, with my family, we moved personal news. After 23 years of tural Officer, Locust Management at from Laramie, WY to , Italy, in working in research and extension, I the Food and Agriculture Organiza- early July 2018. Ready to face new retired from the University of Wyo- tion (FAO) of the United Nations. international challenges! ICO2019 - Join our next Congress Be part of an exceptional scientific event in Africa By AMINA IDRISSI President Local Organizing Committee of ICO 2019 [email protected] ear Colleagues, as a very rich platform for discussion remains, of course, a possibility. on all the main topics dealing with Finally, I want to point out that In the last issue of Orthoptera insects and as an event several symposium organizers have Metaleptea we an- that should highlight African scientific already invited their speakers to nounced the theme of news. co-sign, on the theme of their sympo- DD our Congress: “Chal- I remind you of the address of the sium, a synthesis article that can be lenges in front of climatic and envi- Congress website: http://www.ico- submitted for publication in the Jour- ronmental changes” and the outline 2019morocco.com/ nal of Orthoptera Research (JOR). I of a very attractive scientific program There you will find all the practical hope that all the symposia organizers with 5 plenary lectures, 11 sympo- information, the complete scientific will be able to mobilize their par- sia, 3 workshops, and, of course, the program, registration formalities, call ticipants for writing such syntheses, traditional oral sessions on the main for papers with the template to write which could lead to the publication themes of orthopterology as well as your abstract, the procedure to book of a special issue of this scientific poster sessions. your accommodation in the official journal. After the period of summer calm, conference hotel, and a touristic pro- I’m waiting to welcome you all in the pace is accelerating and I invite gram during and after the congress. Agadir from March 24-28, 2019. you to register as soon as possible, to I draw your attention to the post- send us the summary of your com- congress tour which, over 7 days, will ATTENTION! munications, and to reserve your take you to the doors of the Saharan accommodation. We recommend “The desert to the famous dunes of Mer- ABSTRACTS: The deadline for the Palais des Roses” where the Congress zouga, continue through the high At- submission of abstracts has been will be held. This is also the hotel las Mountains, will allow you to visit extended to October 31, 2018. for which we were able to negotiate many Moroccan villages, discover particularly interesting rates, but, of the ancient and fascinating imperial REGISTRATION: Online payment course, the accommodation is your city of Marrakech, and much more. by credit card, directly on the con- responsibility. Payment by bank transfer (as men- gress website, is available soon. This Congress is already announced tioned in the last issue of Metaleptea) The 2018 ESA Organized Meeting on orthopteroids draws near! By BERT FOQUET Texas A&M University, USA [email protected] ellow Society members, British Columbia, Canada in coopera- meeting. As the symposia of the last the annual Entomologi- tion with the entomological societies four years were a success, we decided cal Society of America of Canada and British Columbia: to turn it into an Organized Meeting (ESA) conference is ap- http://www.entsoc.org/events/annual- (“Orthopteroids: Small Orders, Big proaching swiftly! Run- meeting. I am pleased to announce Ideas”), with the goal of making this FF ning from November that I am co-hosting the fifth or- gathering of orthopteroid research- 11-14, it will be held in Vancouver, thopteroid-focused event at the ESA ers a yearly happening. The general Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 2 METALEPTEA idea stays the same: a full afternoon The Organized Meeting’s schedule Jantina Toxopeus (jtoxopeu@uwo. of interesting talks from a good mix is currently as follows: ca)1 and Brent Sinclair2, 1University of seasoned researchers and students. of Colorado, Denver, CO, 2University The current idea going forward is to 1:30 PM - 1:45 PM of Western Ontario, London, ON, have two permanent co-hosts: Dr. Orthoptera in ecological foodwebs Canada Derek A. Woller (Associate Editor of and crop systems, over 50 years: anal- Metaleptea), who also co-hosted the ysis of annual data on abundance, 3:00 PM - 3:15 PM last four orthopteroid symposia, and hatching, weather, climate, and sea- Break Dr. Hojun Song (Editor of Metalep- sonal patterns in Alberta, Canada tea), and then invite a rotating student Dan Johnson (dan.johnson@uleth. 3:15 PM - 3:30 PM to be the primary organizer and host, ca), Seyer Meyhoff and Celeste The evolution of aggressive behaviour which is what my role has been. Barnes, University of Lethbridge, and weaponry in North American If you’ll be attending the conference Lethbridge, AB, Canada field crickets. this year, we encourage you to stop Kevin Judge (judgek3@macewan. by and support your fellow orthopter- 1:45 PM - 2:00 PM ca)1,2, Briana Smith2, Shawna Ohl- oid researchers by finding out more Do specialized orthopteroid herbi- mann3, Alexandria Kellington3 and about the neat things they’re working vores co-speciate with their host William Cade2, 1Grant MacEwan on. The Organized Meeting will be plant? University, Edmonton, AB, Canada, held on Sunday, November 11, from Timothy K. O’Connor (tim.ocon- 2University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, 1:30 - 4:30 PM in the Vancouver [email protected])1, Robert Laport2 AB, Canada, 3MacEwan University, Convention Centre, Meeting Room and Noah Whiteman1, 1University of Edmonton, AB, Canada 202 (subject to change – please check California, Berkeley, CA, 2Rhoades the official schedule of our Orga- College, Memphis, TN 3:30 PM - 3:45 PM nized Meeting: https://esa.confex. Innovation and adaptive loss of a nov- com/esa/2018/meetingapp.cgi/Ses- 2:00 PM - 2:15 PM el sensory organ during evolutionary sion/32719). The event will consist of Defining the nutritional landscape of transitions among ecological niches in 9 invited talks (15 minutes each) cov- grasshopper communities in Eastern a praying mantis lineage. ering a number of fascinating topics, Australia. Sydney Brannoch (sbrannoch@case. and a 30 minute keynote presentation Douglas Lawton (ddlawton@asu. edu)1, Julian Katzke2, Evan Economo3, to top it all off given by Dr. Fernando edu)1, Marion Le Gall1, Cathy Waters2 Yuri Kato4, Ajay Narendra4 and Gavin Montealegre-Z, who is traveling all and Arianne Cease1, 1Arizona State J. Svenson1, 1Cleveland Museum the way from the United Kingdom to University, Tempe, AZ, 2Orange Agri- of Natural History, Cleveland, OH, join us. As in previous years, we plan cultural Institute, Orange, Australia 2Case Western Reserve University, to also have an after-event celebra- Cleveland, OH, 3Okinawa Institute of tion at a near-by restaurant (location 2:15 PM - 2:30 PM Science and Technology, Okinawa, to be determined) that all attendees The genetic basis of physiological Japan, 4Macquarie University, Sydney, are welcome to join, so please stay niche conservatism in ice crawlers Australia tuned for that announcement after the (Grylloblatta). symposium. Sean Schoville (sean.schoville@wisc. 3:45 PM - 4:00 PM We truly hope that everyone who edu), University of Wisconsin, Madi- Effects of community composition on comes to this year’s ESA meeting will son, WI Orthoptera. also be able to attend at least a portion Laurel Symes (laurel.symes@dart- of the Organized Meeting. Audience 2:30 PM - 2:45 PM mouth.edu), Dartmouth College, size goes a long way in convincing Cretaceous fossils shed light on the Hanover, NH conference organizers to continue to evolution of Tridactyloidea (Orthop- shine the spotlight on Orthoptera and tera: ). 4:00 PM - 4:30 PM its related orders and, so far, we have Nathalie Baena-Bejarano (ntbaena@ The acoustic world of the three cous- done well with that. If anyone has any gmail.com) and Sam W. Heads, Uni- ins: crickets, humpback-crickets, and questions prior to the event, feel free versity of Illinois, Champaign, IL katydids. to contact me. If you can only make it Fernando Montealegre-Z (fmon- to the after-event, that’d be wonderful 2:45 PM - 3:00 PM [email protected]), University as well as they serve as great oppor- Life in the frozen lane: Gryllus vele- of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom tunities to network with your fellow tis as an emerging model for orthopterists. freeze tolerance. Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 3 METALEPTEA Summer Time Updates from the Global Locust Initiative! By ARIEL RIVERS GLI Program Manager, Arizona State University, USA [email protected] RICK OVERSON GLI Research Coordinator, Arizona State University, USA [email protected] ARIANNE CEASE GLI Founding Director, Arizona State University, USA [email protected] s is likely true for many summer. Deanna Zembrzuski (Fig. tion Directorate (DPV). More infor- members of the Orthop- 1) worked with the U.S. Department mation about each of their summers terist’s Society, we had of Agriculture’s (USDA) Science are available in the news tab on our a busy summer at the and Technology (S&T) division’s webpage. We also look forward to Global Locust Initiative! Phoenix Lab (USDA-APHIS-PPQ- highlighting GLI member events, job AA Our ASU-based team S&T-CPHST) to conduct a variety openings, student opportunities, and has been conducting field work on of experiments with the Rangeland other relevant information. Please three continents, been busy sourcing Grasshopper and check back regularly and send us your funds for new projects (which we Management Team. Douglas Lawton news to share! hope will be a platform for continued spent the summer in Australia with In project updates: through the US collaboration with many of you), and the New South Wales Department of Agency for International Develop- planning several activities for the Primary Industries (NSW DPI) and ment’s (USAID) Office of Foreign coming year! We encourage you to the Australian Plague Locust Com- Disaster Assistance (OFDA), the GLI check our webpage (locust.asu.edu) mission (APLC), using historical data was recently awarded a project to frequently for notes from the field and to map favorable Australian plague pilot the use of soil amendments as a information about upcoming events. locust habitats. Finally, Marion Le method for management of the Sen- Taking advantage of the summer Gall returned to to study the egalese grasshopper in the Kaffrine break, several ASU-based GLI mem- nutritional ecology of the Senegalese Region of Senegal. This grasshopper bers were off collecting, identifying, grasshopper ( senegalensis is one of the most devastating pests of feeding, mapping, and experimenting Krauss – see Fig. 2), continuing our the , frequently reducing with a multitude of orthopterans this collaborations with the Plant Protec- stands early in the season and regu- larly consuming the grain late in the growing season. The project builds on the research of Arianne Cease (GLI Founding Director) and others. Coun- ter to the N-limitation hypothesis, high nitrogen plants suppress locust growth and survival. Improving soil provides an opportunity for farmers to decrease locust crop damage while augmenting crop yields and food security. Through various training activities, the publishing of a locust and grasshopper identification guide, and the development of village-level approaches to monitoring and man- agement of , this project will provide an excellent opportunity for GLI members to further partner with the global network of orthopterists. Please contact Ariel or Arianne if you Figure 1. Deanna Zembrzuski in the field. Photo © Lonnie Black, USDA-S&T, 2018 would like to be involved! Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 4 METALEPTEA tunity to study the other’s activities, and discuss future relationship between opportunities for collaboration. locust nutritional The GLI would also like to ac- ecology and popu- knowledge the efforts of the organiz- lation dynamics ing committee for the 13th Internation- across a wide range al Congress of Orthopterology, led by of South America. President Prof. Amina Idrissi. We will Pending locust activ- host a workshop at the Congress that ity, members of our will provide opportunities to forward ASU team expect to GLI’s global objectives and discuss return to Argentina specific projects and opportunities this fall to conduct for collaboration with members of additional studies in the Orthopterists’ Society. Please feel collaboration with free to contact Rick or Arianne if you INTA and SENASA. would like to assist in planning this The GLI will again workshop. We look forward to seeing be hosting a net- you there! Figure 2. The Senegalese grasshopper Oedaleus senegalensis. Brown working event at If you would like to be involved in individuals tend to be more numerous at high density than green this year’s Ento- the GLI, we encourage you to visit ones, although little is known about coloration in this species. Photo mological Society our website for more information © Marion Le Gall, ASU, 2018 of America (ESA) about the initiative, events, and news. Additionally, we have been for- annual meeting, to There is a contact inquiry form (in tunate to partner with the National be held this year as a joint conference English and Spanish) that we ask all Institute of Agricultural Technology with the Entomological Society of interested partners to complete. We (INTA) and the National Service of Canada (ESC) and the Entomological use this information to guide the ac- Agricultural Health and Food Safety Society of British Columbia (ESBC) tivities of the GLI and connect people (SENASA) in Argentina to continue in Vancouver, Canada, November 11- who may be interested in working studying the nutritional ecology of the 14, 2018. We look forward to seeing together. Please feel free to email the South American locust Schistocerca you on Tuesday, November 13, 5:00- three of us at any time with questions cancellata Serville. The recent 60- 7:00 PM in the Fairmont Waterfront about our research and facilities or to year upsurge of the South American Hotel, Room Mackenzie II to meet be a part of the GLI! locust provides an excellent oppor- other GLI members, catch-up on each Workshop Annoncement: Orthopteroid Insects: Biodiversity and Ecology evolution in a changing environment By FILIPPO MARIA BUZZETTI Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto, ITALY [email protected] ear Friends, session is scheduled. The posters must of Orthopteroid insects with many measure width 70 cm x height 100 cm types: the Galvagni collection (30,000 The Fondazione at max and the relative abstracts must specimens, Palearctic) and the Fon- Museo Civico di Rov- reach the museum by October 13. The tana collection (25,000 specimens, ereto announces the abstracts of the posters and the papers Palearctic, Nearctic and Neotropical). DD workshop “Orthopteroid of the talks will be published in a Pleasae send all correspondence to Insects: Biodiversity and Ecology volume of the Acts of the Accademia [email protected]. evolution in a changing environment” Roveretana Degli Agiati. We encour- Looking forward to hearing from to be held on October 20, 2018 at the age students and professionals to par- you, the warmest greetings from Italy. Museum. ticipate in this event at the Museum Participation is free and a poster which preserves two large collections

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 5 METALEPTEA Antonio Galvagni - Legacy 15 - 21.10.2018

CONFERENZA INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP Venerdì 19 Ottobre | Friday, October 19th Sabato 20 ottobre | Saturday, October 20th

LA COLLEZIONE GALVAGNI ORTHOPTEROID INSECTS: BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGY ACQUISIZIONE EVOLUTION IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

18.00 – 18.15 9.00 – 9.15 Opening Saluti iniziali Alessandra Cattoi (Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto), Gionata Stancher Alessandra Cattoi (Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto), Sandro (Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto) Feller (Fondazione Alvise Comel), Stefano Ferrari (Accademia 9.15 – 9.45 «Working with Antonio» Roveretana degli Agiati), Comune Rovereto Paolo Fontana (Fondazione Edmund Mach), 18.15 – 18.30 9.45 – 10.15 «European Orthoptera Conservation» «Antonio Galvagni e il Museo Civico di Rovereto» Axel Hochkirch (Trier University), Franco Finotti 10.15 – 10.45 «Spatio-temporal origins of high-frequency calls in crickets» 18.30 – 19.00 Tony Robillard (Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle) «L’importanza e lo stato delle collezioni naturalistiche in Italia» Stefano Mazzotti (Museo di Ferrara) 10.45 – 11.30 Coffee break + poster session

19.00 – 19.30 11.30 – 12 «Mediterranean Orthoptera: state of the art» «Lo stato dell’arte della collezione Galvagni e la sua Bruno Massa (Università di Palermo),

importanza» 12.00 – 12.30 «Distribution patterns in Mediterranean Mantodea» Filippo Maria Buzzetti (Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto) Roberto Battiston (Musei del Canal di Brenta)

12.30 – 13.00 «Molecular phylogeny and classification of Chelidurella CONFERENZE RICONOSCIUTE AI FINI DELL'AGGIORNAMENTO Verhoeff, stat. restit. (Dermaptera)» PER GLI INSEGNANTI E DEL CREDITO FORMATIVO Markéta Kirstová (University of Ostrava) PER STUDENTI DELLA SCUOLA SECONDARIA DI II GRADO FONDAZIONE MUSEO CIVICO DI ROVERETO 13.00 – 14.00 Lunch

SALA CONVEGNI "FORTUNATO ZENI" 14.00 – 14.30 «Bioacoustics and Sensory Biology» Fernando Montealegre (University of Lincoln) 20.30 14.30 – 15.00 «Galvagni’s 50 years collecting: study perspective» Filippo Maria Buzzetti (Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto)

15.00 – 15.15 Closing

Fondazione Alvise Comel Psophus stridulus

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 6 METALEPTEA New updated version of “Acridomorph (Orthoptera) species of Argentina and Uruguay” By MARIA MARTA CIGLIANO Museo de La Plata, División Entomología, FCNyM-UNLP CEPAVE, CONICET-CCT La Plata, ARGENTINA [email protected] n updated second edition of “Acridomorph (Or- thoptera) species of Ar- gentina and Uruguay/Es- pecies de Acridomorfos AA(Orthoptera) de Argentina y Uruguay”. Carbonell, C.S., Cigliano M.M. & Lange, C.E. CD-ROM. Publications on Orthopteran Diver- sity. The Orthopterists’ Society. ISBN 987-05-0546-5 has been updated and released in a new online format ver- sion to be used on PC, tablets and cell phones. Names of genera, species, and subspecies have been listed. For each species, the classification, synonyms, geographic distribution, main host plants, economic importance, obser- cies are illustrated with photographs taken in nature. The new version can vations, and the most relevant biblio- of male and female individuals, and be explore and/or freely downloaded graphical references is given. The spe- the habitat, when they have been from https://biodar.io/acridomorph/.

Regional Reports - What’s happening around the world? China members who are distributed widely committee: 1) International Academic By YINWEI YOU across China. The missions of this Exchange Working division, 2) Popu- and LONG ZHANG committee are (1) to promote aca- lar Science Working division to spread Regional Representative demic progress in orthopteroidea; (2) Chinese culture of acoustic insects, China Agricultural University, CHINA to promote the culture of orthopteran and 3) Youth Work division. The com- [email protected] insect; (3) to promote education of or- mittee members agreed to a plenary Establishment of Committee of thopteroidea; (4) to promote the con- session every two years. Orthopteroidea in the Entomologi- trol of orthopteran pests. It will realize cal Society of China these aims through the combination of science and culture, the combina- The Committee of Orthopteroidea tion of academics and public science was founded by the Entomological education, as well as the combination Society of China on the 23rd of Au- of academics and industry. gust, 2018. Dr. Long Zhang, regional The first plenary session of this representative of the Orthopterists’ committee was held on the same day Society in China and Korea regions, as its founding in Chengdu, China. promoted the establishment of the More than 20 committee members committee and he was elected as the attended this session. During the director of the first committee. This meeting, three divisions were estab- committee consists of 45 committee lished to carry out the work under this

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 7 METALEPTEA Theodore J. Cohn Research Grant Reports Clearing up taxonomic uncertainties surrounding primary and alternate male morphs within the orthopteran family Pneumoridae By M. LAUBSCHER, V.C.K. COULDRIDGE, & A. ENGELBRECHT Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology University of the Western Cape, SOUTH AFRICA [email protected] xtreme differences be- tween the sexes resulting from sexual selection is well known within the kingdom (Darwin EE 1871). However, poly- morphism in one sex (normally the male) also occurs, often linked with alternate mating strategies (Cook et al, 1997). The occurrence of alternate male phenotypes comprises signifi- cant physiological, morphological, behavioural, and developmental dif- ferences, leading to the existence of several male phenotypes in a single species (Donelson & van Staaden, Figure 1. Alternate males of Paraphysemacris spinosus (A), Parabullacris vansoni (B), and Pneu- 2005). moracris browni (C) Bladder grasshoppers are a long- distance acoustic signalling family silent; employing instead a “sneaker” are suspected to be alternate males endemic to southern Africa (Dirsh, or satellite strategy (Donelson & van of other species. To date, there have 1965). Certain species have been Staaden 2005). been no studies looking at the ge- shown to exhibit distinct discontinu- There are currently three species of netics of alternate males that would ous polyphenism, resulting in two bladder grasshopper (Parabullacris conclusively establish their taxonomic discrete male morphs, utilizing differ- vansoni, Paraphysemacris spinosus position. The aim of the study was to ent mating strategies (Donelson et al, and Pneumoracris browni) that only examine both genetic relationships 2008). Primary males (larger in body have an alternate male morph (Fig. and morphological differences be- size and more numerous in the popu- 1), but lack the primary. However, the tween primary and alternate males for lation) make use of acoustic com- validity of these munication to advertise themselves species descrip- to females (Couldridge & van Sta- tions has come aden, 2004). They have an enlarged, into question with inflated abdomen which acts as a the discovery of resonator, allowing a calling range alternate male up to 2km (van Staaden & Römer, morphs in at 1997). Primary males also have well least three other developed wings for long distance species that also phonotactic flight towards responsive have primary females (Alexander & van Staaden, males (Bullac- 1989). However, morphologically ris discolor, B. distinct secondary (alternate) males membracioides, have been observed in some species. and B. obliqua). These males are significantly smaller, Hence, the above Figure 2. Bullacris discolor showing the eight anatomical measurements do not have flight wings, and are named species Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 8 METALEPTEA

Figure 3. Primary (upper) and alternate male (lower) of Bullacris discolor all species where alternate males have been observed. The results will help to resolve taxonomic uncertainties Figure 4. Canonical centroid plot of the discriminant function analysis (DFA) for species and and misclassifications surrounding male morph morphology [Primary morphs (A1-6), alternate morphs (B1-6) - B. discolor, P. vario- alternate males. losa (P. spinosus), B. unicolor (P. vansoni), P. namaqua (P. browni), B. membracioides, B. obliqua] Bladder grasshoppers are most abundant in the summer months, therefore two field trips took place in and their suspected corresponding the species and male morphs cluster September, 2017 and in December, conspecific primary males Bullacris( out separately for the most part. The 2017 for 10 days each to the Eastern unicolor, Physemacris variolosa, and same pattern of morphological simi- Cape of South Africa. Unfortunately, Peringueyacris namaqua, respec- larity is evident for both primary and these trips were not hugely successful. tively). The cytochrome c oxidase I alternate males, in that species pairs This was most likely due to the severe (CO1) mitochondrial gene and inter- which have morphologically similar drought South Africa was experienc- nal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear primary males also have morphologi- ing at the time of sampling. Addition- gene regions were used in this study cally similar alternate males (Fig. 4). ally, alternate males are relatively for the genetic analysis. They have Preliminary genetic analyses of CO1 rare and make up a low proportion of had significant success with previous confirm that the dimorphic males are the population. This, combined with studies on phylogenetic relationships, conspecific for the species observed their crypsis, makes them difficult to including those on insects (Folmer et to have both primary and alternate locate in the field. Thus, the majority al., 1994; Wörheide et al., 2004). males (B. membracioides, B. obli- of specimens used for this study were Eight measurements were made for qua, and B. discolor), and also reveal from previous collections that had the morphological analysis, as seen that species described as only having been preserved in ethanol, as well as in Figure 2. Through visual observa- alternate males (P. vansoni and P. pinned museum specimens from Iziko tions of the various species used in spinosus) are invalid and are instead Museum, Albany Museum, and Stel- this study it is obvious that the two conspecific with other known species lenbosch University. However, alter- male morphs are distinct with regards (B. unicolor and P. variolosa) (Fig. nate males are also relatively poorly to body length, pronotum length, 5). Preliminary genetic analysis of the represented in museum collections. height, and shape, as well as flight ITS gene region is in agreement as Species included were those for wings and an inflated abdomen being well. Sampling and genetic analysis which both primary and alternate present only in the primary male (Fig. is still ongoing to include P. browni/ males have been observed to occur 3). Multivariate analysis demonstrated P. namaqua and to create a larger (Bullacris membracioides, Bullacris that common morphological features sample size of alternate males for a discolor, and Bullacris obliqua), those differentiate the two male morphs more comprehensive morphological that only have alternate males (Para- for all species (Pillai’s Trace=2.269; and genetic analysis. bullacris vansoni, Paraphysemacris F(4, 984)=35.000; P<0.005). Canoni- These results provide much needed spinosus, and Pneumoracris browni) cal centroid plots using discriminate clarity on the true taxonomic diversity function analysis (DFA) illustrate that within the Pneumoridae and confirm Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 9 METALEPTEA Habitat-dependent transmission of male advertisement calls in bladder grasshoppers (Orthoptera; Pneumori- dae). The Journal of Experimental Biol- ogy 207: 2777-2786. Darwin, C. 1871. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. New York: The Modern Library. Dirsh VM. 1965. Revision of the family Pneumoridae (Orthoptera: ). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 15: 10. Donelson NC and van Staaden MJ. 2005. Alternate tactics in male bladder grasshoppers Bullacris membracioides (Orthoptera: Pneumoridae). Behaviour 142: 761-778. Donelson NC, Smith AR and van Staaden JM. 2008. Variation in adult longevity in polymorphic grasshopper species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 17(2): 279-282. Folmer O, Black M, Hoeh W, Lutz R and Vrijenhoek R. 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cyto- chrome c oxidase subunit 1 from di- verse metazoan invertebrates. Molecu- lar Marine Biology and Biotechnology Figure 5. Phylogenetic analysis of CO1 gene region using SplitsTree4 (* marking alternate males) 3(5): 294-299. BDM – B. discolor primary male, BDA – B. discolor alternate male, PVM – P. variolosa primary van Staaden MJ and Römer H. 1997. male, PVA – P. spinosus alternate male, BUM – B. unicolor primary male, BUA – P. vansoni Sexual signalling in bladder grasshop- alternate male, PBF – P. namaqua female, BMM – B. membracioides primary male, BMA – B. pers: tactical design for maximizing membracioides alternate male, BOM – B. obliqua primary male, BOA – B. obliqua alternate male calling range. The Journal of Experi- mental Biology 200: 2597-2608. the existence of dual male pheno- dea). Alternative Life-History Styles of Wörheide G, Nichols SA, Goldberg J. types in at least six species and three : 261-277. 2004. Intragenomic variation of the genera. Cook JM, Compton SG, Herre EA and rDNA internal transcribed spacers in West SA. 1997. Alternative mating sponges (phylum Porifera): implica- tions for phylogenetic studies. Mo- References tactics and extreme male dimorphism lecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 3: Alexander AJ and van Staaden MJ. 1989. in fig wasps. Proc. R. Soc. Lond B 264: 816-830. Alternate sexual tactics in male bladder 747-754. grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Pneumori- Couldridge CK, van Staaden MJ. 2004. Understanding the adaptive capacity of alpine grasshoppers under climate change By SONU YADAV AND RACHAEL DUDANIEC Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University, AUSTRALIA [email protected] he impacts of climate changes (Hoffman & Sgrò 2011). habitat, which may provide a barrier change, human-modified Amongst all, mountain ecosystems to dispersal and restricted gene flow landscapes and increas- are highly sensitive to these changes in species. The exchange of genes and ing local temperatures and are extremely important, being evolutionary potential are the deter- on biodiversity are home to several distinct flora and mining features of how populations TT evident (IPCC 2013). fauna. Montane ecosystems are often are going to respond to rapidly declin- Species ability to adapt is essential regarded as “islands” surrounded by ing habitats. Therefore, determining to cope with rapid environmental unsuitable, fragmented intermediate the evolutionary capacity of species Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 10 METALEPTEA to broaden the understanding about the contribution of adaptive genetic processes in driving evolutionary responses in insects in the face of climate change threats.

Methods K. tristis and K. usitatus were Figure 1. Photos of study species; a) K. tristis male grasshopper, b) K. tristis female grasshopper, collected from three alpine regions: c) K. usitatus female grasshopper Thredbo, Guthega, and Jagungal mountain ranges, and three transects were covered at each mountain (ex- cept in Jagungal where two transects were covered) in Kosciuszko National Park, New South Wales, Australia (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). Grasshoppers were collected every 50 meters along the transects, covering an elevation gradi- Figure 2. Photos of field sites in the Australian Alps. ent ranging from 1450 m asl to 2000 m asl. Grasshoppers were captured using small plastic containers for a maximum of 20 min at each point, and spatial coordinates and elevation of the collection sites were recorded using a handheld GPS device (Garmin E-Trex). Details of collected samples (such as species and sex) were record- ed and samples were stored in 90% ethanol for subsequent measurements, identification verification, and DNA sequencing. A total of 141 samples of each species were sequenced using Restriction Site-Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq: Miller et al. 2007) at Diversity Array Technologies (DArT) sequencing facility located in Canberra, Australia. To examine hybridisation, another set of data with Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Figure 3. Map showing three study mountain ranges in the Australian Alps. (SNP) markers common in both species was obtained. The funding provided by the Orthopterists’ Soci- is essential for conservation planning and fine-scale understanding of site ety was used to sequence 38 samples (Hoffman et al. 2015). densities and morphological variation. of K. tristis in a 96 well plate. The In this study we aim to investigate To date, we have used a combina- filtered high-quality SNP dataset was patterns of genetic differentiation and tion of ecological data collected from then tested for the presence of FST genetic diversity across two mountain fieldwork and genomic sequencing to outliers (using OutFLANK: Whitlock ranges in two species of grasshoppers: identify the extent of genetic connec- and Lotterhos and BayeScan: Foll and Kosciuscola tristis (Fig. 1a,b) and tivity. These two species also occupy Gaggiotti, 2008) and outliers were Kosciuscola usitatus (Fig. 1c) both similar elevational and environmen- removed before undertaking genetic endemic to Australian Alps. In doing tal niches (Slatyer et al. 2016), thus differentiation analysis. PCA analysis so we aim to characterize both neutral another of our objectives was to check was carried out to identify genetic and adaptive genetic variation in for evidence of hybridisation between differentiation between individuals relation to elevational niche breadth two species. This research is going sampled across two mountain ranges. Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 11 METALEPTEA Genetic structure was further analysed (mean Ae = 1.98) using fastSTRUCTURE (Raj et al. than the Guthega 2014). population (mean Ae= 1.88, Fig. Results and Discussion 7a), whereas al- Due to a low number of grasshop- lelic richness in pers collected from the Jagungal K. usitatus was alpine region only samples from slightly higher in Thredbo and Guthega were se- Guthega (mean quenced. Sequencing data for 136 and Ae = 1.94) com- 130 individuals were obtained for K. pared to Thredbo tristis and K. usitatus because some (mean Ae = 1.90, of the samples were removed due to Fig. 7b). low quality DNA extraction and poor The genetic sequencing. In the case of K. tristis, a structure between total of 4,410 high-quality SNPs were two alpine regions obtained and, similarly, for K. usita- indicated re- tus, 4,437 SNPs were obtained after stricted gene flow filtering low-quality SNPs. In another across mountain dataset, a total of 4,800 SNPs were regions in these obtained, which were common in both two endemic, the species and used to examine hy- alpine grasshop- bridisation. SNPs present on the same per species. The DNA fragment were removed, and observed pattern only one SNP per DNA fragment was of genetic differ- used for genetic structure analysis to entiation is likely account for linkage disequilibrium. due to the high

Based on pairwise FST, we found elevation of the stronger genetic differentiation in K. Kosciuszko alpine tristis (0.03) as compared to K. usita- region partitioned Figure 4. PCA plots showing genetic differentiation in the two species tus (0.02) between the two mountain by sub alpine across two mountain ranges a) K. tristis; b) K. usitatus. ranges of Thredbo and Guthega. PCA open habitats over analysis indicated the presence of two a geographic dis- strong genetic clusters in K. tristis and tance of ~50km. weaker, though still strong, differen- Furthermore, tiation in the case of K. usitatus be- stronger genetic tween two mountain ranges (Fig. 4a, differentiation b). Genetic structure analysis using in K. tristis as fastSTRUCTURE also indicated the compared to K. same pattern of genetic differentiation usitatus reflects amongst sampled individuals across lower genetic two mountain regions, with stronger connectivity in genetic differentiation in K. tristis and this species and more admixture between mountain suggests K. tristis regions in K. usitatus (Fig. 5a, b). may have limited Therefore, our genetic differentiation dispersal capacity. analysis indicates different patterns of Given its high el- gene flow for these two species across evational distribu- the two mountain ranges. Further- tion, this informa- more, structure analysis indicated no tion suggests that evidence of hybridisation between K. tristis may be the two species (Fig. 6). In the case more susceptible Figure 5. Barplots showing genetic differentiation in the two species of K. tristis, mean allelic richness to climate change across two mountain ranges a) K. tristis; b) K. usitatus. (Ae) was slightly higher in Thredbo effects as it can- Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 12 METALEPTEA

Figure 6. Barplot showing no admixture between two species oc- Figure 7. Plots showing mean allelic richness for a) K. tristis; b) K. usitatus cupying same environmental and elevation gradient. not readily disperse between moun- References The relative power of genome scans tains and is a high elevation specialist. Foll, M., & Gaggiotti, O. E. (2008). A -ge to detect local adaptation depends We demonstrated species special- nome scan method to identify selected on sampling design and statistical ized to alpine regions show limited loci appropriate for both dominant method. Molecular ecology, 24(5), gene flow and high genetic differen- and codominant markers: a Bayesian 1031-1046. perspective. Genetics. Miller, M. R., Dunham, J. P., Amores, A., tiation across small spatial scales in Hoffmann A, Griffin P, Dillon S, Catullo R, Cresko, W. A., & Johnson, E. A. (2007). the Kosciusko National Park. This Rane R, Byrne M, Jordan R, Oakeshott Rapid and cost-effective polymorphism may have follow-on effects on the J, Weeks A, Joseph L, Lockhart P. A identification and genotyping using adaptive capacity of these species, framework for incorporating evolution- restriction site associated DNA (RAD) which we plan to examine in the ary genomics into biodiversity con- markers. Genome research, 17(2), future. Using a landscape genomics servation and management. Climate 240-248. approach, we will examine how land- Change Responses. 2015 Dec;2(1):1. Raj, A., Stephens, M., & Pritchard, J. K. scape, elevation, and climatic factors, Hoffmann, A. A., & Sgrò, C. M. (2011). Cli- (2014). Variational inference of popula- such as temperature, influence local mate change and evolutionary adapta- tion structure in large SNP datasets. adaptation in these two species. We tion. Nature, 470(7335), 479. Genetics, genetics-114. IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: The Slatyer, R. A., Nash, M. A., & Hoffmann, will also examine change in relative Physical Science Basis. Contribution of A. A. (2016). Scale‐dependent thermal abundance and body size in both the Working Group I to the Fifth Assess- tolerance variation in Australian moun- species along the elevation gradient to ment Report of the Intergovernmental tain grasshoppers. Ecography, 39(6), understand distribution patterns and Panel on Climate Change, 1535 pp. 572-582. fine scale adaptation. Lotterhos, K. E., & Whitlock, M. C. (2015). Orthoptera Species File Grant Reports Type diversity of Pyrgomorphidae IV: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genova, Italy By RICARDO MARIÑO-PÉREZ Department of Entomology Texas A&M University, USA [email protected]

s a continuous effort concerning type material, closely fol- rial of 207 species of Orthoptera (175 since 2013 to visit en- lowed by Museo Regionale di Scienze valid and 34 synonyms) mainly due to tomological collections Naturali di Torino (MRSNT), which the efforts of C. Brunner von Wat- harboring Pyrgomor- harbors 209 species of Orthoptera tenwyl (1823-1914), L. Redtenbacher phidae type material, (161 valid and 43 synonyms) mainly (1814-1876), Ignacio Bolívar y Urru- AA this time I was able to by the efforts of E. Giglio-Tos (1865- tia (1850-1944), L. Chopard (1885- visit the natural history museum of 1926) with strong emphasis in South 1971) and most recently by Baccio Genova, Italy (MCSN). During two America and Africa. Baccetti (1931-2010) and Bruno Mas- days in September of 2017, I had the Founded in 1867, the MCSN col- sa (1948- ). Additionally, the collec- pleasure to go through the drawers lection is worldwide in scope but with tion of B. Baccetti (19 valid species of this interesting collection. It is the strong emphasis in , Africa, and 4 synonyms) is also housed here. most important collection in Italy and Australasia. There is type mate- For Pyrgomorphidae there is type ma-

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 13 METALEPTEA

Figure 1. Pyrgomorphidae types from MCSN. A. Pseudomorphacris notata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893) ♂( , LT) Myanmar. B. Chlorizeina unicolor unicolor Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 ♂( , ST) Myanmar. terial of 10 valid species, two of them species of their described by Brunner von Wattenwyl respective genera from Southeast Asia (Myanmar) (Fig. which have a re- Figure 2. Pyrgomorphidae types from MCSN. A. Kapaoria novoguineae 1) five described by Bolívar from stricted distribu- Bolívar, 1898 (♂, HT) Indonesia. B. Doriaella cinnabarina Bolívar, 1898 Malesia and Papuasia (Fig. 2). Re- tion to Myanmar, (♂, HT) Papua New Guinea. C. Mitricephala vittata Bolívar, 1898 (♀, HT) garding Africa, one described by Salfi Thailand, and Indonesia. from Ethiopia (Parasphenula bora- southern areas of nensis) and two described by Baccetti China. and are characterized by reduced teg- from Somalia (Fig. 3). In Figure 2, type material for the pe- mina and absence of hind wings. For In Figure 1, type material of two culiar Malesia and Papuasia fauna are the case of Megalopyrga monochro- typical species from Myanmar are shown. In this area of the world, the ma, the genus is only known from this shown. These species have a fusiform pyrgomorph forms are away from the unique female holotype (Fig. 3B). body with both tegmina and hind typical pyrgomorph you have in mind. As usual, three images per species wings developed. Heads are coni- For instance, in Figure 2B a typical were taken, dorsal and lateral views of cal and wings have a certain reddish member of the tribe Desmopterini the specimens, plus the labels. They coloration. Both species are the type where the body is flattened laterally were already uploaded to Orthoptera is shown and Species File. in Figure 2A and 2B the Acknowledgments pyrgomorphs I thank the curators of the collection, Ma- are more elon- ria Tavano and Roberto Poggi, for all their assistance in the logistics of this visit. I gated and cy- also thank Hojun Song for his help in the lindrical with cabinet work. enlarged hind tarsomeres. In Figure 3, type material of two endem- ic species from Somalia Figure 3. Pyrgomorphidae types from MCSN. A. Somalopyrgus messanai are presented. Baccetti, 1985♂ ( , HT) Somalia. B. Megalopyrga monochroma Baccetti, 1985 These species (♀, HT) Somalia. are related to the tribe Pyrgomorphini Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 14 METALEPTEA An effective biological control method of yellow-spined bamboo locust (Ceracris kiangsu) has been developed in Lao PDR and Vietnam By SIRIPHONH PHITHALSOUN Department of plant protection, Ministry of agriculture, LAO PDR LONG ZHANG China Agricultural University, CHINA ellow-spined bamboo locust (YSBL) (Cerac- ris kiangsu) is a serious pest of more than 30 species of plants, such YY as bamboo, rice, corn, and some grasses in China, Lao PDR, and Vietnam, often resulting in high losses to crops. The YSBL outbreak in Lao PDR has been spreading since 2014 from a few provinces to about 5 provinces of about 500 locations and 3 provinces of about 50 loca- tions. These caused huge economic losses that threatened food security and were affecting poverty alleviation programs in these countries. These conditions are becoming worse since YSBL can migrate long distances to infest wider areas, coupled with a lack of technical knowledge on stopping the YSBL outbreak available in Lao PDR and Vietnam. To support Lao PDR and Vietnam in managing the YSBL outbreaks, the U.N.’s Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) has approved a regional Project to strengthen the surveillance capacity and implement biological control of YSBL (TCP/RAS/3607). Figure 1. The critical time points for monitoring and control action in YSBL life cycle in Lao PDR and Vietnam. Red curved lines are the critical periods, red arrow is the critical time point for Nosema locustae is a microsporid- biocontrol action, blue arrows are critical time points for monitoring. ian parasite of over 100 orthopteran species, including locusts and grass- hoppers (Wittner and Weiss, 1999). in the U.S, Canada, Argentina, and N. locustae is effective in these condi- The use of N. locustae for controlling China, although it acts slowly and tions via current methods of unuse is grasshoppers was first developed in produces low mortality. This strategy still unclear. the United States (Henry and Oma, has been applied to more than 1.3 Dr. Long Zhang, the Orthopterists’ 1981) and commercially produced million ha to control grasshoppers Society’s regional representative for as a microsporidian biocontrol agent and locusts in China. However, its China and the Koreas, was invited to both in the U.S. and China since the efficiency is limited when grasshop- implement the mission of the Project. 1980s (Henry, 1990; Zhang et al, pers and locusts are at high density. During the mission he performed 10 2001). N. locustae has been consid- Besides, YSBL occurs in higher training courses, as well as field sur- ered as a long-term control agent mountains at higher temperatures in vey and biological control of YSBL in against grasshoppers and locusts Lao PDR and Vietnam, and whether Lao PDR and Vietnam. Fortunately,

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 15 METALEPTEA the biological control method for forest. The dead YSBL has now been established in locusts collected these countries after the mentioned from treated plots efforts. were checked in the laboratory at 1. YSBL life cycle and critical peri- China Agricultural ods for monitoring and critical time University, Beijing, point for application of biocontrol China and spores agents of N. locustae were observed in all dead Since 2015, Zhang has performed locusts. The aver- field surveillance for YSBL 4 times in age infection grade Lao PDR and Vietnam and proposes a is 3 of 5 grades, YSBL life cycle in Lao PDR and Viet- which belongs to nam as shown in Figure 1. YSBL only serious disease has one generation in these countries. grade. The infec- They mainly lay eggs in soil under tion rate of locusts bamboo trees and then first instar in the blank control nymphs hatch from eggs in March. area was 0%. This The two critical periods for monitor- provides strong ing YSBL population dynamics have evidence that these also been determined in Lao PDR and dead locusts were Figure 2. Plenty of dead locusts were found in the treated area with Vietnam. One period is from March to killed by N. locus- N. locustae. Many ants were found to eat dead locusts indicating N. April. In this period, YSBL is at 3rd to tae. Furthermore, a locustae is safe for non-target insect, ants. 4th instar, which is proper for monitor- longer effect of N. ing the density and development, and locustae had been Press, Washington, DC. for preforming the biocontrol action. checked during of July 29-31, 2018 in Henry JE and Oma EA (1981). Pest control Another period is from August to Lao PDR. 46% of surviving YSBLs by Nosema locustae, a pathogen of September. In this period, YSBL is at in treated plot were infected by N. grasshoppers and crickets. pp. 573– adulthood and is proper for monitor- locustae, which means that Nosema 586. In: Microbial control of pests and ing egg-laying which will provide infection could possibly be persisting plant diseases 1970–1980 (Ed. Burges useful information of YSBL distribu- in YSBL populations as a long-term D). Academic Press, New York. Henry JE (1990). Control of insects by tion area and density for the next year. control factor. The density at this time Protozoa. pp.161-176. In: New Direc- was very low at about 0-2 individuals/ tions in Biological Control: Alternatives 2 2. An effective control of YSBL by m . for Suppressing Agricultural Pests and N.locustae in field These results indicate that (1) N. Diseases, (Eds. Baker R, Dunn PE). Liss locustae is effective and should be AR, New York. N. locustae was applied about 10th one of the best choices for controlling Zhang L and Hunter D (2017). Manage- of May at a dosage of 2×107 spores/ YSBL in Lao PDR and Vietnam; (2) ment of locusts and grasshoppers in ml, 1.5 L/ha where locust densities Lao PDR has found a proper spraying China. Journal of Orthoptera Research, were over 100 individuals/m2 in bam- machine to spray Nosema; (3) This 26(2): 155-159. boo forest at 3rd to 4th instar. After 17 is the first successful field trial for Zhou X and Zhang L (2009). Selection of Antonospora locustae (Protozoa: days of application, field surveys in controlling YSBL with a biocontrol Microsporidae) with higher virulence the treated area (Phongsaly) showed agent, which shows great potential in against Locusta migratoria manilensis that plenty of dead locusts were found YSBL control programs in Lao PDR (Orthoptera: ). Biocontrol Sci- (Fig. 2) and the density of locusts in and Vietnam. ence and Technology, 19(4):421-427. the treated area was much lower than that in the blank control area. The av- Acknowledgements erage density in the treated area was This project was funded by FAO, (TCP/ less than 10 individuals/m2, with the RAS/3607). reduction at more 90% compared to that in blank control. This means that Reference Wittner M, Weiss LM (1999). The Micro- N. locustae is effective in controlling sporidia and Microsporidiosis. ASM high densities of YSBL in bamboo Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 16 METALEPTEA A case of non-diapausing development of eggs of the two-striped grasshopper, Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) By WAHID DAKHEL University of Wyoming (formerly) [email protected] ALEX LATCHININSKY Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [email protected] he two-striped grasshop- tinued until December per, Melanoplus bivit- 3rd; in total, 66 hoppers tatus (Say), is a major hatched from the first acridid pest throughout egg-pod. (Latchi- On the same day (No- TT ninsky and Schell, vember 20), the female 2006). Univoltine throughout its laid the second egg-pod, entire range, M. bivittatus exhibits a which was kept under two-year cycle at higher altitudes over the same conditions. 1,500 m a.s.l. in British Columbia and Its eggs started to hatch the Rocky Mountains (Pfadt, 2002). on December 14; i.e., Normally, its eggs would not hatch 24 days after oviposi- without a certain period of exposure tion. In total, 17 hoppers to low temperatures (e.g., approxi- from the second egg- Figure 1. Ovipositing female of Melanoplus bivittatus (Say). mately 20 days at 5°C) (Church and pod hatched between Photo: Wahid Dakhel. Salt, 1952). However, under labora- December 14, 2013 and tory conditions at the University of January 5, 2014. Gapparov F.A., 2012. Outbreak of Asian Wyoming (UW), we observed hatch- In recent years, cases of continu- in Amudarya delta in ing of M. bivittatus eggs, which oc- ous (non-diapausing) development of 2012. Proceedings of the FAO UN Tech- curred soon after oviposition and did eggs in otherwise univoltine locusts nical Workshop on Locusts in Caucasus not require exposure to low tempera- and grasshoppers were reported for and Central Asia. Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, November 2012. tures. Melanoplus sanguinipes from Ari- Jech L., 2015. Grasshoppers in Arizona in A female of M. bivittatus was col- zona (Jech, 2015) and for Locusta 2015. Proceedings of Annual Meeting lected on October 21, 2013 from a migratoria migratoria L. from Russia of the National Grasshopper Manage- backyard in Laramie, WY and placed (Stamo et al., 2013) and Uzbekistan ment Board, Denver, CO, January 2015. into a cage in the insectarium of the (Gapparov, 2012). In all these cases, Latchininsky, A.V., 2017. Climate change UW to obtain eggs. The female was the acridids managed to produce the and locusts: What to expect? Proceed- kept in an environmental chamber at second annual generation, which was ings of the Russian State Hydrometeo- a constant temperature of 27±1°C, completed in the case of M. san- rological University 46: 134-142. relative humidity of 15-31%, 16 hours guinipes. The fate of the second gen- Latchininsky A.V. and Schell S.P., 2006. of light, and 8 hours of darkness daily. eration of L. m. migratoria remained Grasshoppers in the West: Identifica- tion and Management. University of She was fed ad libitum with fresh unknown. These examples appear to Wyoming Extension Bulletin B-1171. wheat leaves and wheat bran. A 200- illustrate the ability of certain acri- Laramie, WY, USA. ml glass cup filled with three parts dids to react to climate warming and Pfadt R.E., 2002. Field guide to com- vermiculite and one part white sand increase their pest potential (Latchi- mon western grasshoppers. Wyoming was placed in the cage for egg-laying. ninsky, 2017). Agricultural Experiment Station, Bul- The female laid the first egg-pod on letin 912, Third edition. University of October 30, 2013 (Fig. 1). The cup References Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA. containing the substrate and the eggs Church N.S., and Salt R.W., 1952. Some Stamo P.D., Kovalenkov V.G., Kuznetsova remained in the cage, and 20 days effects of temperature on develop- O.V. and Nikitenko Yu. V., 2013. Moroc- later, on November 20th, eggs started ment and in eggs of Mela- can locust again in Stavropol. Plant noplus bivittatus (Say) (Orthoptera: Protection and Quarantine 2: 14–20 (in to hatch. During the first day, there Acrididae). Canadian Journal of Zool- Russian). were 37 hatchlings. Hatching con- ogy 30(3): 173-184. Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 17 METALEPTEA Did Leo Zehntner really name a new species of grasshopper in his own honour? By JOHN HOLLIER Muséum d’histore naturelle de Genève, SWITZERLAND [email protected] LUC WILLEMSE Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, NETHERLANDS uring his sojourn in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), the entomologist Walter Roepke (1882-1961) DD found several mentions of Acridium zehntneri Krauss in the applied entomology literature (Zehnt- ner, 1897, van Deventer, 1912) but could not trace the original publica- tion (Roepke, 1951). After the end of the First World War he contacted Hermann Krauss directly and was told that Krauss had been sent specimens by Leo Zehntner and had intimated that he would dedicate the species to its finder, but that Zehntner had published a description before his own was ready! Krauss considered that Zehntner had given an adequate description and never published his own description of the species. Figure 1. MHNG specimens of melanocornis collected by Zehntner in Java Leo Zehntner (1864-1961) was a Swiss entomologist who became a of known species as well. Howard was describing a new species and so pioneer in tropical applied entomol- (1930) remarked upon the accuracy of gave no measurements and no locality ogy. After studies in Basel and Bern, Zehntner’s work, especially given that data (which he normally did include he became assistant scientist at the he was based in rural Java, far from for explicitly new species). Muséum d’histoire naturelle in Ge- libraries and museum collections. Roepke could not find any speci- neva (MHNG), and appears to have Zehntner returned briefly to Europe in mens of A. zehntneri in the Pasuruan mainly worked under the patrician 1900 and again worked with Saussure Research Station collection, but did amateur Henri de Saussure rather (apparently at the latter’s expense), find two unlabelled specimens of than the curator Emil Frey-Gessner then returned to Java to found a Co- a large grasshopper in the Salatiga (Zehntner, 1954). In 1894, he took the coa Research Station at Salatiga. At Research Station collection which he post of entomologist at the Proefsta- the end of 1905 he moved to Brazil rather loosely considered to be “lecto- tion Oost-Java (East Java Research to lead a new Agricultural Institute in types” (Roepke, 1951). The station at Station) at Pasuruan in the Dutch Bahia State and then retired back to Salatiga was ravaged by fire in 1902, East Indies. At this time the research Switzerland in 1920 (Zehntner, 1954). and Zehntner’s collections and notes station was wholly funded by the Given the delays in communica- were destroyed (Zehntner, 1954), so sugar industry. Zehntner published tion between Java and Europe in the the specimens Roepke brought back details of the biology and ecology of 19th century, the confusion between to Europe in 1919 when he started the main pest species of sugarcane Krauss and Zehntner is not particular- work in Wageningen were definitely and their parasitoids; many species ly surprising. In his list of the animal not the types of A. zehntneri. These were new to science, but because the pests of sugarcane (Zehntner, 1897), two specimens were identified by both works were intended to be used to number 80 was Acridium zehntneri Boris Uvarov and Cornelius Willemse create practical guides for plantation H. Krauss, with a brief description as Varanga nigricornis melanocornis managers he often gave descriptions on page 43. Zehntner did not think he (Serville, 1838). Roepke and his col- Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 18 METALEPTEA cies had already been described by Krauss. Given the constraints under which Zehntner was working it is easy to understand this apparent lapse in etiquette.

Acknowledgments Thanks are due to Anita Hollier for com- ments on the text, and Holger Braun whose rhetorical question led to this article.

References Howard, L.O. 1930. A history of applied entomology (somewhat anecdotal). Smithsonian miscellaneous collections 84: 1-564. Roepke, W. K. 1951. Wat is “Acridium zehntneri Krauss”? Entomologische Berichten 13: 349-350. Uvarov, B. 1929. Acrididen (Orthoptera) aus Süd-Indien. Revue suisse de Zoolo- Figure 2. MHNG specimens of Patanga succincta collected by Zehntner in Java gie 36: 533-563. van Deventer, W. 1912. Handboek ten league P. A. Blijdorp concluded that under the name collection zehntneri dienste van de Suikerriet-cultuur en de this was the true identity of Acridium Krauss. The other specimens collected Rietsuiker-Fabricage op Java. De Bussy, zehntneri Zehntner, 1897 (Roepke, by Zehntner in Java include four ♂♂ Amsterdam. 1951). Willemse (1957), however, and six ♀♀ specimens identified Willemse, C. 1957. Synopsis of the considered the type series lost and by Uvarov as Valanga nigricornis Acridoidea of the Indo-Malayan and basing his diagnosis on the descrip- melanocornis (Fig. 1), and three adjacent regions (Insecta, Orthoptera) tion, placed Acridium zehntneri ♂♂ and two ♀♀ specimens identi- (contd.). Publicaties van het Natuurhis- Zehntner, 1897 as a junior synonym fied by Uvarov as Patanga succincta torisch Genootschap in Limburg 10: of Patanga succincta (Johannson, (Fig. 2). Although the specimens are 227-500. 1763). superficially similar, the hindwings Zehntner, L. 1897. Overzicht van den Ziekten van het Suikerriet op Java. In his 1897 paper Zehntner included of the examples identified asP. suc- 2e deel. Vijanden uit het Dierenrijk. four Acridium species: 78 A. roseum cincta are a brighter red, and all have Mededeelingen van het Proefstation Degeer, 79 A. luteicorne Serv., 80 A. an obvious yellowish stripe on the Oost-Java 37: 1-51. zehntneri H. Krauss, 81 A. unnamed pronotum, while those identified asV. Zehntner, L. 1954. Aus dem Leben eines species. Zehntner sent or brought nigricornis melanocornis have hind Entomologen. Mitteilungen der Sch- many specimens to the MHNG, and it wings of a duller red and no obvious weizerischen Entomologischen Gesell- seems likely that grasshopper species stripe. Roepke (1951) remarked that schaft 27: 444-449. abundant enough to be considered po- his specimens also lacked the stripe tential pests would have been includ- mentioned in the original description ed. This part of the MHNG collection and it seems clear that they had been was revised by Uvarov (presumably correctly identified by Willemse and while he was working on the mate- Uvarov and were not A. zehntneri. As rial collected by Carl and Escher in the description of the unnamed spe- southern India; see Uvarov, 1929) and cies is much closer to V. nigricornis the identification labels are his. The melanocornis, it seems almost certain MHNG collection includes two ♂♂ that Willemse was correct in identify- and five ♀♀ specimens ofChondac - ing Zehntner’s species as P. succincta. ris rosea (DeGeer, 1773) and one ♂ The conclusion, therefore, is that and nine ♀♀ specimens of Patanga Zehntner did not consciously name luteicornis (Serville, 1838) collected a species in his own honour, but did by Zehntner in Java, but no specimens this inadvertently assuming the spe- Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 19 METALEPTEA 2018: 200th birthday and rebirth of the Museu Nacional By PEDRO G.B. SOUZA-DIAS Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL [email protected] his should be a differ- residence of the ent text. I would say Brazilian Imperial that I got the position of Family, until 1889, professor at the Univer- when the republic sidade Federal do Rio de was proclaimed. In TT Janeiro (Federal Uni- that Palace lived versity of Rio de Janeiro), researcher four Portuguese and curator of the Museu Nacional monarchs (D. Ma- (National Museum), and that, for the ria I, D. João VI, first time, the biggest collection of D. Pedro IV, and Orthoptera in Brazil would have a cu- D. Maria II) and rator specialist in Orthoptera. It would two Brazilian em- be a celebration text. perors (D. Pedro I However, the tragedy of Septem- and D. Pedro II), ber 2nd forced me to change it. It is and their families, with deep sadness and perplexity including Princess that I will try to tell a little about the Isabel, daughter Museu Nacional and what we lost that of D. Pedro II, day. I don’t intend to discuss the big known for sign- economic, political, and moral crisis ing the abolition in Brazil; the chronic and histori- of slavery in 1888. cal lack of investment in education Moreover, it was and science; or the great difficulty in in that Palace that Figure 1. São Cristóvão Palace, Museu Nacional, before the fire. Photo: insisting on making science in Brazil. Princess Leopol- Museu Nacional. Although it is a sad text, I intend to dina (first wife of talk about our Museum, hope and D. Pedro I, daugh- gal, Brazil, and Algarves). During that reconstruction. ter of the Austrian emperor Francis period the first main national institu- II) signed an independence decree of tions were created, as were banks, Museu Nacional, Universidade Brazil from Portugal in September 2nd courts, government and administra- Federal do Rio de Janeiro 1822 (days later, in September 7, D. tion buildings, press, libraries, schools The Museu Nacional is under the Pedro I officially declared Brazil free and universities. Brazil was also administration of the Universidade from Portugal), and where Brazil’s destination of artists, teachers, sci- Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). first Constitution was written during entists, doctors, lawyers, and several It is the oldest scientific institution in the Republican Constituent Assembly professionals that were hired to raise Brazil, and the biggest national his- (1889-1891, just after the Proclama- the new country, as the French Artistic tory museum in Latin America, with tion of Republic and banishment of Mission in 1816. In that period, the a collection of more than 20 million the imperial family). so-called Museu Real (Royal Mu- artifacts and specimens (Fig. 1). The MNRJ completed 200 years of seum) was founded in June 6, 1818 Its history is closely related to the existence in 2018. The escape of the With the Republic proclamation in history of Brazil. The main building, Portuguese court to Brazil in 1808 1889, the Museu Nacional moved to the Palácio de São Cristóvão (São was a crucial moment to the country’s the Palácio de São Cristóvão (São Cristóvão Palace), was the residence history because it started a period of Cristóvão Palace) in 1892, where it of the Portuguese Royal Family when great transformations, in which Brazil still stands today. The history of the the entire Portugal royal court moved ceased to be a Portuguese colony and Museum is also closely related to to Brazil running from the Napole- Rio de Janeiro became the capital of scientific development in Brazil, and onic troops, in 1808. After Brazil’s the Reino Unido de Portugal, Brasil e received the visit of some famous independence, it continued to be the Algarves (United Kingdom of Portu- foreign scientists, like Albert Einstein

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 20 METALEPTEA and Marie Curie. Moreover, the Mu- dinosaur) pterosaurs, Pleistocene yet what was lost and what can be seum graduated thousands of scien- megafauna, insects, plants, and restored. It will take several weeks tists in several fields of knowledge invertebrates. for the work of search and rescue throughout history and is one of the • Unique archaeological and an- of the collections among the debris. most important institutions for Brazil- thropological collections, includ- The searches will be conducted by ian science and education. Currently, ing the oldest human remains the researchers, followed by a team it runs six Graduation Programs: found in the , the 12,000 of archaeologists. Sadly, the MNRJ Archaeology, Botanics, Geosciences, year-old-skeleton named Luzia. is now an archeological site. Another Linguistics and Indigenous Languag- • Collections of Carcinology, point is that the area of the MNRJ es, Social Anthropology, and Zoology. Arachnology, and Malacology, is isolated and several experts from Therefore, the tragedy that de- among other invertebrates. governmental agencies are investigat- stroyed the Palace represents not only • One of the main entomological ing the tragedy. a scientific loss, but the loss of part of collections in Brazil, with more the memory and history of Brazil. The than 5 million specimens. The Entomology Department Palace housed the exhibition, admin- • Thousands of scientific projects, The Entomology Department has istration offices, departments, and the in all levels and in several fields 11 professors, one emeritus profes- main scientific collections, involving of knowledge. sor, 7 technicians, dozens of students 90 main researchers and a community • One of the main herbariums in the (graduate and undergraduate), and of hundreds of people, among them country. postdoctoral researchers. Except two researchers, technicians, and students. • A large central library, with more laboratories of Diptera and part of than 15,000 rare pieces. their collection (families Muscidae The Museu Nacional houses (or • Large and historical herpetologi- and Cecidomyidae), the entire de- housed): cal, ichthyological, ornithological, partment, including the laboratories, • The biggest collection of Egyp- and mammology collections. research facilities, and the collections, tian artifacts in Latin America, were consumed by the fire. including mummies, sarcophagi, The fire burned down the entire The Department was located on the statues, and stone carvings. Palace, including the exhibition, 3rd floor, which collapsed due to the • An impressive ethnographic col- administration and department offices, intensity of the fire. The large com- lection, with more than 42,000 three entire departments (including pactor, which stored a large part of the artifacts from Rome, Pompei, all the laboratories and facilities), collection, is now on the 2nd floor and Greece, Africa, Asia, and Ocea- and the main collections (Fig. 2). is severely damaged. Although it is nia; and artifacts, mummies and The only things not destroyed were premature to consider the loss of the skeletons of pre-Colombian the vertebrate and some invertebrate entire collection since we have not yet people and Brazilian indigenous collections, the central library, and the accessed the area, it is unlikely that tribes, some of them now extinct. herbarium. anything should remain in the debris. • An unparalleled linguistic col- Until now, lection, with unique records of few things extinct indigenous tribes. were removed • The most important Social An- from the Pal- thropology Library in Brazil. ace. Almost • Thousands of pieces and artifacts all the types from Portuguese and Brazilian of the Carci- courts, such as the throne of D. nology and João VI, king of Portugal. Malacology • Thousands of historical docu- collections ments. were saved in • Important geological collections, the beginning including a collection of meteor- of the fire. ites. Considering • Massive paleontological collec- the proportion tions, with fossils and skeletons and magnitude of dinosaurs (including the of the fire we Figure 2. São Cristóvão Palace, Museu Nacional, after the fire. The highlight- complete skeleton of Maxakalis- can’t ex- ed area was the Entomology Department (3rd floor). Photo: Reuters. aurus topai, the largest Brazilian actly quantify Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 21 METALEPTEA orthopterology in Brazil. As said by Museum is gone and this is irrevers- Dr. Monné (2018): “the history of ible. But, above all, a museum is the Orthoptera collection (…) began made of people, and we are still here. with a visit to Brazil of the orthopter- We are ready to rebuild the Museum. ist Marius Descamps (…) for a trip The dust is settling down and we are to collect and study grasshoppers in working hard, despite grief and pain. the state of Minas Gerais. This was Our main activity now is to support the first contact that urged Dr. Carlos the students, write proposals, and try Alberto Campos Seabra and myself to get funding for the new department, to initiate intensive collecting trips, field works, and collection. mainly in the Amazon, and later in My first official day of work was central, southern and eastern Brazil. September 3rd, just one day after the The collection surged in volume with tragedy and Biologists Day in Brazil. Figure 3. Logo of the Orthoptera Laboratory. the donations of the Academy of My first day was, literally, a begin- Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and ning for me and the Museum. I’m still We were hit by an unprecedented from the Muséum National d’Histoire a researcher of MNRJ, head of the catastrophe, and we are living the Naturelle, . Posteriorly, the Orthoptera Laboratory (Fig. 3) and worst nightmare for a scientist. Our collection received the visit of Dr. curator of the collection, although collection, with more than 5 mil- Carlos S. Carbonell, who described I don’t have a collection anymore lion specimens and more than 2,200 many species, with Ricardo Ronde- (for a while). Assuming a position in types, is certainly lost. We have no ros, Marius Descamps, Christiane MNRJ is the greatest achievement of words to express the magnitude of Amédégnato, and H. R. Roberts. my life and I’m extremely proud! The this tragedy. Some articles related our The largest donation received by the Orthoptera Lab is working! In a few losses with the loss of the Library of Museu Nacional was the collection of weeks we will travel for field work Alexandria, but the truth is that for us Carlos Alberto Campos Seabra, who and start a new collection for the next this is incomparable. We never passed collected Orthoptera for more than 10 generations. My mission is to rebuild through anything like this. We are years. The contributions of naturalists the collection, an opportunity to effec- facing a massive loss of types, and if that collected for Campos Seabra are tively contribute to the orthopterology we consider the types of other collec- extremely important. Here I mention in Brazil and the rebirth of the MNRJ tions (like Arachnology, Paleontology, the most active ones: Olmiro Antonio (Fig. 4). etc.), this is probably the biggest loss Roppa, Bento Silva, Francisco M. We are still here. And we will resist. of types in a single event in recent Oliveira, M.V. Cerdeira, E.S. Lima The Museu Nacional lives! history. We are devastated. and A. Peixoto”. Thus, it is a very important and P.S. I want to express my gratitude The Orthoptera Collection unique collection, from a historical for the many messages of support A few weeks ago, our emeritus and scientific point of view. Its loss is I’ve received. Each support is very professor, Professor Miguel Monné, irreparable. important for us, and is good to know published the list of the orthopteran that we are not alone. Thank you very types of MNRJ. He presented the Future much! types of 273 species: Acrididae (171), The images of that day are vivid in Eumastacidae (5), Proscopiidae (13), our minds, and and Romaleidae (84). The Orthop- it will certainly tera collection had approximately never leave our 24,000 mounted specimens (14,200 memory. We Acrididae, 600 Romaleidae, 350 Om- passed through mexechidae, 345 Proscopiidae, 295 deep sadness Pyrgomorphidae, 65 Pamphagidae, 60 to anger, and Eumastacidae), and more than 10,000 these feelings specimens in cotton beds. This was will disappear, the biggest Orthoptera collection in but the empti- Brazil. ness sensation The Orthoptera collection also is something has an interesting history, which is that we may Figure 4. #museunacionalvive. Photo: Museu Nacional closely related to the emergence of never lose. Our Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 22 METALEPTEA Book Review: The Grasshoppers of Greece By KLAUS-GERHARD HELLER Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, GERMANY [email protected] or many people living the time was ripe for in North and Central a new, improved, and Europe, Greece is a updated presentation preferred holiday desti- of current knowledge. nation, not only because In the new field FF of its ancient sites and guide 378 grasshop- its beaches, but increasingly more per species (not also because of its nature. Due to the counting subspecies) combination of high mountains on are listed, all found the one side and countless islands in Greece. Thus, on the other its fauna is unusually Greece is probably diverse. This high number of species, the country with the however, poses a problem for the highest number of accidental visitor: how to recognize species in Europe. and identify what one has found? For their identifica- This is not so much a problem for tion, the book starts naturalists like birders – there are a with an introduction lot the field guides covering all of to morphology and Europe. For insects, and especially biology of grasshop- for Orthoptera, the situation is not so pers, a term used by comfortable. There is no book allow- the authors in a wide ing an easy pictorial identification, sense corresponding even only to genus level. The strongly to Orthoptera. After out-dated volumes of Harz (1969-75) a few pages about were made for specialists and require sounds and Greek knowledge and special equipment habitats there follows for their use. For those specialists, an especially inter- Greece was even one of the highlights esting small chapter Willemse L.P.M., Kleukers R.M.J.C., Odé B. 2018. The Grasshoppers of Europe. Fer Willemse, the father of entitled “Challenges”. of Greece. EIS Kenniscentrum Insecten & Naturalis Biodiversity Cen- the first author of the present volume, Here, mysterious ter, Leiden. Soft cover, 439 pp., 1864 color photos, b/w illustrations and b/w distribution maps. published a two-volume set in 1984 species are listed that and 1985, a catalogue with distribu- were found only once ISBN-13: 978-90-76261-15-7 tion maps, and a key with hundreds of as well as taxonomi- drawings. As with the books of Harz, cally problematic spe- Ordering may be most easy via EIS (https://www.eis-nederland.nl/ both were not made for fast identi- cies including those publicaties/overige-uitgaven; € 37.50 + postage) or via Natural His- tory Book Service, London (https://www.nhbs.com/the-grasshop- fication, but they give a clue to the within hybrid zones. pers-of-greece-book; $(US) 71+ postage, checked Sept 2, 2018) diversity of Orthoptera in the country: The authors also give about 313 species were treated. lists and maps of 89 Now, more than 30 years later, of the most important islands and 94 size categories are defined, from very things have changed. Much new of the most important mountains. In large (>35 mm) to tiny (< 5 mm), a information is available and also the an online appendix they present spe- seldom seen, but very useful service. technical possibilities have greatly cies lists for these localities, which The key itself is equipped with many improved. Digital photographing and will be hopefully updated from time (585) beautiful photos at all scales, in sound recording are widespread. At to time. In the following list of the many cases supplemented by arrows, the same time the number of persons Greek species the endemic ones are marking lines or even coloring of im- interested in nature and nature con- marked in red – an impressive array! portant structures. With the main key, servation has become much larger. So At the beginning of the key the six typical genera are identified, while for

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 23 METALEPTEA species identification additional keys ful for genera, p. 204-5, To sum up: A very fine book. Buy it are often provided. However, for gen- and for , p. 247) are found now so that you can discuss interest- era with many local forms the reader in the central part of the book, the ing findings with the authors at the sometimes has to use geographical “Treatment of genera”. Here, for all Agadir congress in March! information. For example, for identifi- genera, information is given about cation of cave cricket species belong- etymology, distribution, morphology, References ing to the genera Troglophilus and song, habitat, and recording (how Harz, K. 1969. Die Orthopteren Europas I. Dolichopoda one has to use the list of to find), together with short remarks Series Entomologica 5. Dr. W. Junk B.V. the caves with the respective endemic about altitude and phenology and The Hague: 749pp. Harz, K. 1975. Die Orthopteren Europas species given in Appendix 3A. For the with excellent habitus photos of many II. Series Entomologica 11. Dr. W. Junk 45 species of the genus Poecilimon species. B.V. The Hague: 939pp. the geographic information (Appendix At the end of the book are oscil- Willemse, F. 1984. Fauna Graeciae I. 3B) alone is certainly not sufficient, lograms of the calling songs for most Catalogue of the Orthoptera of Greece. but in this case the beautiful photo- singing species, followed by detailed Hellenic Zoological Society, Athens, graphic review of the cerci shapes of distribution maps for all species. 275pp. all Greek species (pages 182-3) will Sound files (as mp3 at normal speed Willemse, F. 1985. Fauna Graeciae II. A help. and 10 times slowed down) are elec- key to the Orthoptera of Greece. Hel- Some of these impressive compara- tronically available via https://www. lenic Zoological Society, Athens, 288pp. tive figures (in my view, most beauti- grasshoppersofeurope.com/.

into the first thing foolish enough photo! Luckily, I didn’t because I was Don’t mind to get too close. I was delighted to able to snap several decent pictures recently encounter a very scattered of this oviposition event while she me! population of these mini-beasts completely ignored me. I rarely get to By DEREK A. WOLLER while doing some field work with see this happen in the field, so I was USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T-CPHST Phoenix Lab unmanned aircraft systems on a ranch excited to have the chance. [email protected] near Edgemont, South Dakota, U.S.A. he plains lubber, or They were few and far between, and Brachystola magna (Gi- would often just seemingly appear rard, 1854) (Orthoptera: near my feet as I walked across the Romaleidae), is quite a grassy rangeland habitats. In fact, I robust grasshopper. I can almost stepped on the female in this TT tell you from expe- rience that the rigid spines on the posterior edge of its hind tibiae can be quite painful when a full kick is unleashed into the greedy hand you’re trying to use to pick one up. They also have the ability to raise their wings to a degree and unleash a menac- ing hiss, often while waving their hind legs in the air ready to smash

Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 24 METALEPTEA sadness. I can’t even imagine how those who have contributed to this Editorial devastated my friend Pedro Souza- issue as well as our Associate Editor, By HOJUN SONG Dias must have been when this hap- Derek A. Woller, for his continued as- Editor, Metaleptea pened right before he started as the sistance in the editorial process, who [email protected] new curator of the Orthoptera collec- is celebrating his 7th anniversary with he September issue of tion, which included 34,000 speci- Metaleptea. He began unofficially Metaleptea published in mens and 273 types. What we have editing articles in 2012 and was given 2009 (volume 29, issue lost in this tragedy is irreplaceable his official title in 2013. 2) was the first issue and there are many challenges ahead To publish in Metaleptea, please that I published as the to rebuild the collection. But, like send your contribution to hsong@ TT new incoming Editor Pedro said in his article, the Museu tamu.edu with a subject line starting of the newsletter. It featured reports Nacional lives, as long as there are with [Metaleptea]. As for the format, of the 10th International Congress of dedicated researchers like Pedro and a MS Word document is preferred and Orthopterology in Antalya, Turkey many Brazilian orthopterists, who are images should be in JPEG or TIFF along with several other interesting willing to rebuild. I also feel strongly format with a resolution of at least articles. At that time, I was still a that our orthopterist community 144 DPI. The next issue of Meta- postdoc, struggling to find a faculty should contribute to this rebuilding, leptea will be published in January position. While putting together the which will certainly take many years. of 2019, so please send me content current issue, I realized that this issue This is another fine issue ofMeta - promptly. I look forward to hearing (volume 38, issue 3) will be my 10th leptea and I would like to thank all from you soon! September issue! It is difficult for me to believe that I have been serving Officers of the Orthopterists’ Society in the role of the Editor of Metalep- tea for the past 10 years. Of all the President: Alexandre Latchininsky, Food and Agriculture Organization of service activities that I perform, being the United Nations. [email protected] the Editor of Metaleptea is by far the President-Elect: David Hunter, Locust and Grasshopper Control, most enjoyable thing that I do because 125 William Webb Drive, McKellar ACT 2617 Australia. it gives me the firsthand opportunity [email protected] to appreciate how vibrant our or- Executive Director: David Hunter, Locust and Grasshopper Control, thopterist community is all over the 125 William Webb Drive, McKellar ACT 2617 Australia. world. I particularly enjoy reading the [email protected] Ted Cohn Grant Reports from young Treasurer: Pamm Mihm, 2417 Fields South Drive, Champaign, IL 61822 orthopterists who are carrying out USA. [email protected]. amazing research. Of many taxon-fo- Managing Editor, JOR: Corinna S. Bazelet, Department of Conservation cused scientific societies, our Society Ecology & Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South is probably the most forward-thinking Africa. [email protected] group in terms of investing in the Editorial Assistant, JOR: Nancy Morris, Department of Biology, University future generation of orthopterists. In of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada. the past, I was very worried about the [email protected] field of orthopterology because not Manager, Orthopterists’ Society Website: Derek A. Woller, USDA- many young people studied Orthop- APHIS-PPQ-S&T-CPHST Phoenix Lab, AZ, USA. tera. Within the last 10 years, we have [email protected] witnessed the gradual increase of the Associate Manager, OS Website: David C.F. Rentz, 19 Butler Dr., Kuranda, number of students who study this Queensland, Australia. [email protected] fascinating order of insects and now Editor, Metaleptea: Hojun Song, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M some of these students are starting University, College Station, TX, USA. [email protected] research programs of their own. I Associate Editor, Metaleptea: Derek A. Woller, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T- believe that our Society indeed has a CPHST Phoenix Lab, AZ, USA. [email protected] bright future ahead. Officer, Orthoptera Species File: María Marta Cigliano, División I am sure that many of the read- Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, ers have heard about the tragic news La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] about the destruction of the Museu Manager, The Ted Cohn Research Fund: Michel Lecoq, CIRAD, . Nacional in Brazil. I watched the [email protected] video footage of the fire in horror and Volume 38 (3) / September 2018 25