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The Ruin: a New Translation

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The Ruin: a New Translation Occam's Razor Volume 9 (2019) Article 2 2019 The Ruin: A New Translation Margot Lamy Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/orwwu Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons, and the Reading and Language Commons Recommended Citation Lamy, Margot (2019) "The Ruin: A New Translation," Occam's Razor: Vol. 9 , Article 2. Available at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/orwwu/vol9/iss1/2 This Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Student Publications at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Occam's Razor by an authorized editor of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lamy: The Ruin: A New Translation A NEW TRANSLATION By Margot Lamy ORIGINAL TEXT THE TRANSLATION 1 \Vrretlic i pc wcalstan, wyrde gcbrrecon; Wondrous is this wall- tone , fractured by fate; 2 burg tcdc bur ton, bro nao cnta gcwcorc. the city has crumbled , the work of giants wither . I lrofa ·ind gehrorenc, hreorgc torra , Rooftops in ruin3, watch-towers wa ted, hrungcat berofcn, hrim on lime, the spoke-gate4 despoiled, hoarfrost on mortar, 5 ccardc ·curbcorgc scorcne, gcdrorenc, a shelter from storms5 cleft and cracked6, reldo undcrcotonc. Eorograp hafao eroded7 with age. Earth's embrace envelops8 waldcnd wyrhtan forwcorone, geleorene, the master-crafters9 forgotten 1°, lost to hcardgripc hru an, op hund cnca the grave 11 grip of the oil, until a hundred generation wcrpcoda gcwitan. Oft pres wag gebad of people have passed. Much12 it 13 wall weathered, 10 r.cghar ond rcadfah rice refter oprum, lichen-grey and red-stained 14, reign after reign, 15 of tondcn under tormum; steap gcap gedrca . stood steadfast through torms; lofty and high, 18 19 Wonao gict c [ ................... ] num geheapcn, yet it fell • till this remain : fcl on[ ........................................... ] grimmc gcgrunden [ ............................ 15 .............. ] can heo [ ....................... .. ] g orponc cl!r ceaft [ ........... age-old creation, bowed in the earth.20 ................ ] g [ ... ] lamrindum bcag mod mo[ ............. ] yne wiftne gcbnegd wift2 1 the stout-hearted bound firmly in fetter , hmctrcd in hringas, hygcrof gcbond Published by Western CEDAR, 2019 1 6 I OCC AM 'S R A ZOR Occam's Razor, Vol. 9 [2019], Art. 2 20 weallwalan wirum wundrum togredre. foundations in wire, weaved wondrously together.22 Beorht W;£ron burgr..:eced, burn cle monige, Bright was that citadel with bath-halls abundant,23 heah hornge treon here weg micel tall gilded gables24 and the great road of ho t meodoheall monig txl dreama full, many mead-halls in days25 filled with mirth, 6 opp.et pa::t onwende wyrd eo wipe. until the forces of fate fini hed it2 • Far and wide 27 25 Crungon walo wide, cwoman woldaga , men fought and fell , days of death came wylt eall fornom secgrofra wera; and destroyed every valiant man;29 wurdon hyra wigsteal we ten ·tapola , their rampart's foundations are ravaged, 30 bro nade burg teall. Betend crungon their fortress is fallen • The teward perished;3' herga to hru an. Forpon pa hofu dreorgiao, temples ank32 into soil. o these halls grew dreary 30 ond pre teaforgeapa tigelum ceadeo their scarlet tiles33 hattered, hed34 from the arches hrostbeage hrof. Hryre wong gecrong of the wood-ringed35 dome.36 That realm fell into ruin, 37 gebrocen to beorgum, p..:er iu beorn monig reduced to rubble , where once many men glredmod ond goldbeorht gleoma gefoetwed, joyous and gold-bright, adorned in plendor, wlonc ond wingal wighyr tum can; wondrous and wine-flushed in war-gems shone; 35 eah on inc on ylfor on earogimma , seen38 in ilver and gold39 and in curious jewel , on ead on reht, on eorcanstan, in fortune and wealth40 and in precious stone on pa beorhtan burg bradan rice . in that far-reaching realms radiant ci . tanhofu todan, tream hate wearp Where41 stone-halls stood, a tream hotly gu hed 42 widan wylme· weal eall befcng in a wide welling , the wall enfolding all 40 beorhtan bo me, prer pa bapu w::eron, in its bright bo om, where tho e bath :were, 43 hat on hrepre. Pret wre hyoeli~. heated in the heart • That was befitting. Leton ponne geotan [ ........................... ] Then let it pour forth, ofcr harne tan hate treama hot treams over hoary stone. un [ ............................... 45 ... ] ppret hringmere hate [ .. ............ .. ... .. ] prer pa bapu wreron. ponne i [ ........................ ................. ] re· pret i cynelic ping, hu e [ .............................. ] burg [ ...... ] https://cedar.wwu.edu/orwwu/vol9/iss1/2 2 Lamy: The Ruin: A New Translation V, 1 wr12tlic is jes wealstan: comparative translations have 11 heardgripe: I have chosen the evocative synonym "grave" LIJ an overwhelming tendency to render the subject into for heard (meaning "stern, severe, cruel"), conveying a 1-- a plural ("these wall-stones"); an understandable no- double meaning fitting for the poem's subject matter. Q tion, considering wall-stones are seldom found alone. 12 ofc. the original adverb denotes frequency, while the se­ Z However, the original composition clearly indicates quence of words suggests conditions or events, making 1-- a singular subject. "much" a more fitting choice than the literal "often" for Q 2 burgstede burston: literally "(the) city crumbled"; I this segment. Q have inserted "has" for rhythmic purposes. 13 j12s wag gebad: the genitive singular pronoun (p12s) in this LL 3 hrofas sind gehrorene: literally "roofs are ruined"; this line refers to the city; that is, the ruin itself. small aesthetic amendment preserves the original 14 readfah: the referent for this compound, which refers to sense of the passage. a staining or mottling of red, has been debated among 4 hrungeat". Hrung may refer to a spoke, bar, or rung. scholars. The interpretation that this refers to iron oxide, This compound has been divisive among scholars, in as reflected in the translation of Hostetter, is met with part because of erroneous early transcriptions. ew­ disagreement by Kershaw, who believes it to be the red ton has "fortress-gate" and Hostetter has "barred­ plaster lining the bath's inner walls. Leslie refutes Ker­ gate", while Williamson opts for "gate-locks". shaw's theory on the grounds that the poet is describing Kershaw amazingly avoids translating it altogeth­ the outer walls in this section, and thatfah does not evoke er. Based on its frequent appearance in other com­ the uniformity of polished plaster. Instead, Le lie explic­ pounds, Klinck speculates that hrung might actually itly links readfah with r12ghar, proposing that it refers to read hring ("ring"). orange-tinted lichens. I have purposely left the translation 5 scurbeorge: a hapax that appears only once in the ambiguous for this reason. Old English corpu , it literally means "storm-pro­ 15 rice 12fter ojrum: literally "reign after others". tection" or "storm-shelter". Other translations have 16 ofstonden under. literally "persisted" or "endured", here interpreted this compound as a figurative expression rendered "stood steadfast", wherein the modifying adverb for roof or a metonym for building. I have opted for preserves the intensity of meaning. a translation that hews do er to the original sense, 17 under. "through" better reflects modern u age. effectively reversing the original compound and add­ 18 The addition of "yet" emphasizes the contrasting states ing a preposition to maintain flow. between the previous descriptions (lofty, high, steadfa t) 6 I have omitted scearde ("hewn, broken, notched") and the ultimate fate (fallen). Likewise, I have added "it" from this translation, as two other phrases in the to give the segment a clear subject. passage convey a similar meaning: scorene ("hewn, 19 wonao: I have taken this verb to be an unusual form of cleft, split") and to a lesser extent gedrorene ("cracked, ohvunian, "to remain", based on the Dobbie-Krapp tran­ crumbled, weakened, fallen"), which I interpret as scription. The expected form would be wunao. As Klinck further description of the storm-shelter in line 5a. notes, the middle consonant is unclear in the original 7 undereotone: literally "eaten underneath", a metaphor­ manuscript, causing some to transcribe the verb as worao ical expression for earth's natural ero ion processes. (from worian), meaning "to moulder, decay." The wunian 8 eorjgrap hafao: literally "earth's grip holds". I have transliteration, and thus the "remain" translation, is sup­ extended the more figurative expression "earth's em­ ported by the analysis of Klinck, based on the context of brace", suggested by J.R. Clark Hall's Concise An­ the section. Additionally, she notes a similar confusion glo-Saxon Dictionary, with the verb "envelop". benveen wonao and wunao that occurs in reverse in "The 9 waldend wyrhtan: Leslie and Klincke both suggest Phoenix." this is a compound, which is echoed in the trans­ 20 lamrindum: literally "in the earth's crust". I have opted to lations of ewton ("master-masons"), Williamson pass over lines 126 through 16a, as they are too fragment­ ("master-builders") and Ho tetter ("master-craft­ ed to draw meaning from with any accuracy. I have joined ers"). the fragmentary lines 166 (rersceaft) and 176 (lamrindum 10 Jorweorone: literally "faded" or "withered", suggest­ beag) into a phrase; while these segments are not connect­ ing "forgotten", a descriptor more uitable for fle h­ ed directly, they provide a uitable transition to the next and-blood humans. part of the poem. 8 PublishedI OCCAM'S by RAZOR Western CEDAR, 2019 3 Occam's Razor, Vol. 9 [2019], Art. 2 21 "Swift" here is used as an adverb. 33 teaforgeapa: there is some debate as to whether this com­ 22 The organization of lines 18-20 have been significantly pound is a noun or an adjective; I have chosen to interpret altered from the original for both clarity and composi­ it as a noun.
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