European Studies Winter 2014
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Icelandic Folklore
i ICELANDIC FOLKLORE AND THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF RELIGIOUS CHANGE ii BORDERLINES approaches,Borderlines methodologies,welcomes monographs or theories and from edited the socialcollections sciences, that, health while studies, firmly androoted the in late antique, medieval, and early modern periods, are “edgy” and may introduce sciences. Typically, volumes are theoretically aware whilst introducing novel approaches to topics of key interest to scholars of the pre-modern past. FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY iii ICELANDIC FOLKLORE AND THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF RELIGIOUS CHANGE by ERIC SHANE BRYAN iv We have all forgotten our names. — G. K. Chesterton British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. © 2021, Arc Humanities Press, Leeds The author asserts their moral right to be identified as the author of this work. Permission to use brief excerpts from this work in scholarly and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is an exception or limitation covered by Article 5 of the European Union’s Copyright Directive (2001/29/ EC) or would be determined to be “fair use” under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act September 2010 Page 2 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC §108, as revised by P.L. 94– 553) does not require the Publisher’s permission. FOR PRIVATE AND ISBN (HB): 9781641893756 ISBN (PB): 9781641894654 NON-COMMERCIAL eISBN (PDF): 9781641893763 USE ONLY www.arc- humanities.org Printed and bound in the UK (by CPI Group [UK] Ltd), USA (by Bookmasters), and elsewhere using print-on-demand technology. -
Disciplines Included in What Do Graduates Do? 2014 Science
Disciplines included in What do graduates do? 2014 What do graduates do? features first degree destinations of graduates from UK universities. We breakdown the destinations to look at the outcomes of graduates who studied 28 subjects from six broad subject areas: • Science • Social science • Mathematics, IT and computing • Arts, creative arts and humanities • Engineering and building management • Business and administrative studies In order to report on the number of graduates who studied similar courses the subjects are given a code using the Joint Academic Coding System (JACS), which is owned and maintained by UCAS and HESA. The subject disciplines which make up the 28 subjects within each of the broad subject areas are listed below: Science Biology Applied biology Reproductive biology Biodiversity Population ecology Parasitology Environmental biology Evolution Ecotoxicology Behavioural biology Marine biology Community ecology Biometry Cell biology Freshwater biology Conservation ecology Applied cell biology Population biology Ecosystem ecology & Developmental biology Ecology land use Chemistry Chemistry Crystallography Organic chemistry Biomolecular chemistry Applied chemistry Environmental chemistry Organometallic Physical chemistry Industrial chemistry Marine chemistry chemistry Analytical chemistry Colour chemistry Medicinal chemistry Polymer chemistry Inorganic chemistry Pharmaceutical Bio-organic chemistry Structural chemistry chemistry Petrochemical chemistry Physical and geographical sciences Physical geographical Biogeography -
15Th-17Th Century) Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary (15Th-17Th Century) Edited by Giovanna Siedina
45 BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI Giovanna Siedina Giovanna Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World Civilization in the Slavic World (15th-17th Century) Civilization in the Slavic World of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Essays on the Spread (15th-17th Century) edited by Giovanna Siedina FUP FIRENZE PRESUNIVERSITYS BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI ISSN 2612-7687 (PRINT) - ISSN 2612-7679 (ONLINE) – 45 – BIBLIOTECA DI STUDI SLAVISTICI Editor-in-Chief Laura Salmon, University of Genoa, Italy Associate editor Maria Bidovec, University of Naples L’Orientale, Italy Scientific Board Rosanna Benacchio, University of Padua, Italy Maria Cristina Bragone, University of Pavia, Italy Claudia Olivieri, University of Catania, Italy Francesca Romoli, University of Pisa, Italy Laura Rossi, University of Milan, Italy Marco Sabbatini, University of Pisa, Italy International Scientific Board Giovanna Brogi Bercoff, University of Milan, Italy Maria Giovanna Di Salvo, University of Milan, Italy Alexander Etkind, European University Institute, Italy Lazar Fleishman, Stanford University, United States Marcello Garzaniti, University of Florence, Italy Harvey Goldblatt, Yale University, United States Mark Lipoveckij, University of Colorado-Boulder , United States Jordan Ljuckanov, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria Roland Marti, Saarland University, Germany Michael Moser, University of Vienna, Austria Ivo Pospíšil, Masaryk University, Czech Republic Editorial Board Giuseppe Dell’Agata, University of Pisa, Italy Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World (15th-17th Century) edited by Giovanna Siedina FIRENZE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2020 Essays on the Spread of Humanistic and Renaissance Literary Civilization in the Slavic World (15th- 17th Century) / edited by Giovanna Siedina. – Firenze : Firenze University Press, 2020. -
34 Iceland As an Imaginary Place in a European
ICELAND AS AN IMAGINARY PLACE IN A EUROPEAN CONTEXT – SOME LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS Sveinn Yngvi Egilsson University of Iceland [email protected] Abstract The article focuses on the image of Iceland and Iceland as an imaginary place in literature from the nineteenth century onwards. It is especially concerned with the aesthetics or discourse of the sublime, claiming that it is the common denominator in many literary images of Iceland. The main proponents of this aesthetics or discourse in nineteenth-century Icelandic literature are discussed before pointing to further developments in later times. Among those studied are the nineteenth-century poets Bjarni Thorarensen (1786-1841), Jónas Hallgrímsson (1807- 1845), Grímur Thomsen (1820-1896) and Steingrímur Thorsteinsson (1831-1913), along with a number of contemporary Icelandic writers. Other literary discourses also come into play, such as representing Iceland as "the Hellas of the North", with the pastoral mode or discourse proving to have a lasting appeal to Icelandic writers and often featuring as the opposite of the sublime in literary descriptions of Iceland. Keywords Icelandic literature, Romantic poetry; the discourse of the sublime, the idea of the North; pastoral literature. This article will focus on the image of Iceland and on Iceland as an imaginary place in literature from the nineteenth century onwards. It will especially be concerned with the aesthetics of the sublime, claiming that it is the common denominator in many literary images of Iceland. The main proponents of this aesthetics in nineteenth-century Icelandic literature are discussed before pointing to further developments in later times. By looking at a number of literary works from the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, it is suggested that this aesthetics can be seen to continue in altered form into the present day. -
Czech Metaphysical Poetry of the I960s
Czech Metaphysical Poetry of the I960s MILENA KALINOVSKA ABYSS OF ABYSSES Love towards God destroys itself To give Space to God Love of oneself and of one's neighbours destroys both To give Time to God Yet we do not love God and destroy love To give Space to nothingness Yet we do not love either ourselves or our neighbours And destroy God To give Time to nothingness In August 1968, the liberalization of Czech society was suddenly cut short by the Soviet invasion. For Czech literature this meant the re establishment of Socialist Realism, the official literary style which de mands "a truthful and historically correct portrayal of reality in its revolutionary development". Socialist Realism was formulated at the First Congress of the Union of Soviet Writers in "1934 and was adopted by the qnion of Czechoslovak Writers at its First Congress in 1949 after the Communist Party took power in Czechoslovakia. Literature now had to glorify the building of the socialist State, and censorship introduced by the regime eliminated all deviation from the Party line. Only certain publishing houses, controlled by the Communist Party, were allowed to function and writers had to join the Writers' Union and so submit to Party control, or else face persecution, abuse in the press or imprison ment. As a result of Khrushchev's speech at the "20th Party Congress (of the Soviet Union) in 1956 and the ensuing "thaw", the Czechoslovak Writers' Union became more tolerant towards writers. Artistic activity began to flourish and works which largely ignored Socialist Realism appeared in the '60S. -
Czech Language and Literature Peter Zusi
chapter 17 Czech Language and Literature Peter Zusi Recent years have seen a certain tendency to refer to Kafka as a ‘Czech’ author – a curious designation for a writer whose literary works, without exception, are composed in German. As the preceding chapter describes, Kafka indeed lived most of his life in a city where Czech language and society gradually came to predominate over the German-speaking minor- ity, and Kafka – a native German-speaker – adapted deftly to this changing social landscape. Referring to Kafka as Czech, however, is inaccurate, explicable perhaps only as an attempt to counterbalance a contrasting simplification of his complicated biography: the marked tendency within Kafka scholarship to investigate his work exclusively in the context of German, Austrian or Prague-German literary history. The Czech socio-cultural impulses that surrounded Kafka in his native Prague have primarily figured in Kafka scholarship through sociological sketches portraying ethnic animosity, lack of communication and, at times, open violence between the two largest lin- guistic communities in the city. These historical realities have given rise to the persistent image of a ‘dividing wall’ between the Czech- and German- speaking inhabitants of Prague, with the two populations reading different newspapers, attending separate cultural institutions and congregating in segregated social venues. This image of mutual indifference or antagonism has often made the question of Kafka’s relation to Czech language and cul- ture appear peripheral. Yet confronting the perplexing blend of proximity and distance, famil- iarity and resentment which characterized inter-linguistic and inter- cultural contact in Kafka’s Prague is a necessary challenge. -
Yannis Ritsos and Czechoslovakia: Anthology of Czech and Slovak Poets
GRAECO-LATINA BRUNENSIA 18, 2013, 1 TEREZA KESLOVÁ (MASARYK UNIVERSITY, BRNO) YANNIS RITSOS AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA: ANTHOLOGY OF CZECH AND SLOVAK POETS The aim of my contribution is to introduce the work of a Greek leftist poet Yannis Ritsos Anthology of Czech and Slovak Poets (Ανθολογία Τσέχων και Σλοβάκων Ποιητών). The impulse and inspiration for his work were his two visits to Czechoslovakia in the 1960’s. The book was published in 1966 in Greece, but almost all copies were destroyed at the behest of the contemporary ruling military junta. The anthology is unique not just in its creation, in which even Czechoslovak Writer’s Union took part, but more importantly it is unique for its content, because it introduces a wide, well-researched overview of Czech and Slovak poetry of the first half of the 20th century. Key words: modern greek literature, czech literature, slovak literature, translation, Ritsos, Anthology of Czech and Slovak Poets, Cold War cultural politics, Czechoslovak Writers’ Union Yannis Ritsos, a Greek leftist poet, worked on the Anthology of Czech and Slovak Poets1 during his two stays in Czechoslovakia in the 1960s. This monumental piece of work fell victim to the right-wing dictatorship in Greece and only a few copies survived. My modest goal is to introduce this unknown work of Ritsos. An in-depth analysis will be a part of my dis- sertation on Yannis Ritsos and his relationship to Czechoslovakia. Firstly, I will briefly mention Ritsos’ foray into translation, then I will move on to the main topic – the circumstances of creating this work, the content of the work, its contribution, and I will finish my lecture by outlining the basic incongruities and questions that arise when this work is studied closely. -
Department of Scandinavian Studies
DEPARTMENT OF Scandinavian Studies Message from the Chair TERJE LEIREN Celebrating the centennial of its founding is a significant milestone for any institution, no less an academic department at a major research university. Since its establishment by an act of the Washington State Legislature in 1909, the Department of Scandinavian Studies has grown and prospered, largely due to the dedication of its faculty and staff and the excellent character and quality of its students. To com- memorate the milestone, several celebratory events, including lectures, dinners, special programs, and conferences are being scheduled between now and the summer of 2010. Please stay in touch with us, check our departmental website, and plan to attend as many events as you can over the next two years. Of course, at the heart of what we do in the Department is teaching and scholarship. Cutting-edge research and innovative teaching enhance and broaden our knowledge about, and appreciation of, the Nordic region. Our comprehensive language programs and wide range of course offerings focusing on the five Nordic countries and the three Baltic countries make the Department unique in the world. The UW is the only North American university that regularly teaches Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian. In 2009–2010, we will celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Baltic Studies program. By its very nature, the teaching at a research university is informed by the research of its teachers. All of the faculty in the Department of Scandinavian Studies are active scholars who bring their SPRING 2008 research back into the classroom, whether it be for a graduate seminar on literary theory, a discus- sion of Strindberg’s Paris, a broad introductory course on Scandinavian culture, or an advanced undergraduate course on the cinematic expressions of Scandinavian attitudes about sexuality or crime fiction. -
Czech Literature Guide
CZECH CZECH LITERATURE LITERATURE GUIDE GUIDE GUIDE LITERATURE CZECH CZECH LITERATURE GUIDE Supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic © Institut umění – Divadelní ústav (Arts and Theatre Institute) First edition ISBN 978-80-7008-272-0 All rights of the publication reserved CONTENT ABOUT THE CZECH REPUBLIC 12 A CONCISE HISTORY OF CZECH LITERATURE 13 LITERATURE 1900–45 13 LITERATURE AFTER 1945 13 CONTEMPORARY CZECH LITERATURE 1995–2010 20 PROSE 20 POETRY 26 ESSAY 31 LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE 37 THE BOOK MARKET 41 THE TEACHING OF WRITING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC 48 CONTEMPORARY LITERARY LIFE 51 ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS 51 LITERARY AND BOOK AWARDS 56 FESTIVALS AND FAIRS 58 EDUCATION 59 LEGISLATION AND LITERARY AGENCIES 62 LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES 63 GRANTS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 65 LITERARY CAFÉS AND TEA-ROOMS 68 ANTIQUARIAN BOOKSHOPS 71 MEDIA 77 LITERARY PERIODICALS 77 CZECH LITERATURE ON THE WEB 82 LITERARY PROGRAMMES ON TV 83 LITERARY PROGRAMMES ON RADIO 83 CZECH LITERATURE ABROAD 87 VARIOUS LINKS 87 OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN CZECH STUDIES SCHOLARS, TRANSLATORS AND FRIENDS OF CZECH CULTURE 87 DEAR READERS WITH AN INTEREST IN CZECH LITERATURE Allow us to draw your attention to our Czech Literature Guide. It presents a panorama of the contemporary life of Czech literature with a short historical overview. It has been produced for everyone who has an interest in understanding Czech literary culture and its milieu, from the specialist and scholarly to the active and practical. 11 ABOUT THE CZECH REPUBLIC CZECH LITERATURE GUIDE 12 ABOUT THE CZECH REPUBLIC The Czech Republic (CR) is a landlocked country The GDP per capita in CZK in 2010 was 361,986 with a territory of 78,865 m2 lying in the centre (exchange rate EUR 1 = CZK 24.5) and the infl ation of Europe. -
Reflections of Celtic Influence in Hildinavisen
Reflections of Celtic Influence in Hildinavisen Rasa Baranauskienė Vilnius University The Orkneys seem to have been of particular importance in transmitting certain Celtic material. Gísli Sigurðsson argues, however, that it is more likely that cultural contacts and exchanges which took place in the Orkneys between Icelandic and Gaelic-speaking people were limited to single motifs, tales or poems. This does not mean that the single features are limited in number, only that they are found as single items in a tradition which had to be built up in Iceland from the cultural elements available in the coun- try itself (Gísli Sigurðsson 1988: 42). Though the Orkneys were an ideal meeting place where Scandinavian and Celtic cultures could exchange traditions, the Gaelic custom in question existed in Iceland as well, having been brought there by the Gaelic settlers. It is another matter that these traditions could be reinforced because of the contacts in the Orkneys (Gísli Sigurðsson 1988: 44). Among the most important elements identified as transmitted through the contacts via the Orkneys are stories including Hjaðningavíg ‘The Battle of Hjadnings’. Einar Ólafur Sveinsson assumes that Celtic tales played an important part in forming Icelandic ideas about the everlasting fight – a motif which becomes extremely common in Iceland, relevant right down to the 19th century, but is rare in the Scandinavian tra- dition (Einar Ólafur Sveinsson 1959: 17–18). Háttalykill, ‘Clavis metrica’ or ‘Key to Metres’ composed in the Orkneys in the 1140 by an Icelander and the Orkney Earl Rognvaldr kali, contains what is believed to be the earliest reference to the ‘Everlasting fight’ motif in Old Norse / Icelandic literature, the motif being taken over from the Irish 9th century tale Cath Maige Tuired ‘The Battle of Mag Tuired’ (Chesnutt 1968: 132). -
Scandinavian 1
Scandinavian 1 Scandinavian Undergraduate Programs Scandinavian (http://guide.berkeley.edu/undergraduate/degree-programs/ scandinavian/): BA (with concentrations in Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, Overview Old Norse, and Swedish), Minor The languages, literature, and cultures of the Nordic countries (Denmark, Graduate Program Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) are the focus of teaching and research in the department. The interdisciplinary curriculum ranges Scandinavian Languages and Literatures (http://guide.berkeley.edu/ from topics in Viking and Medieval Scandinavian history and literature graduate/degree-programs/scandinavian/): PhD to the influential cultural contributions of the successful Nordic societies of more contemporary times. Instructors regularly teach beginning and Literature and Culture: intermediate classes in all five modern Nordic languages as well as • Scandinavian (p. 1) reading and grammar classes in Old Norse at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Students in the undergraduate major choose a Languages: concentration in medieval studies or in one of the modern language areas • Danish (p. 12) while also working in comparative and interdisciplinary ways with other • Finnish (p. 12) cultural materials from the region. Graduate students pursuing the Ph.D. • Icelandic (p. 13) train to become comparative Scandinavianists while also developing depth and expertise in a more specific scholarly field. • Old Norse (p. 13) The faculty in the department pursue research in a variety of fields • Norwegian (p. 13) including literary studies, philology, folklore, media and film studies, • Swedish (p. 13) theater history, art history, archaeology, and architectural history. The interdisciplinary curiosity of the faculty sets the tone for our students, who Scandinavian are encouraged to explore widely and creatively within the intellectual Expand all course descriptions [+]Collapse all course descriptions [-] field of Scandinavian Studies. -
Czech Literature for Children and Young Adults 2017
CZECH LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS INTRODUCTION This year’s 700th anniversary of the birth of Charles IV, King of Books for Young People (IBBY) — a selection of the best original Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor, which has been well repre- books for children and young people published within the last six- sented in bookshops all around the country, revealed an impor- teen months. This publication goes out not only to librarians and tant aspect of the majesty of this highly regarded ‘Father of the others in the information sector but, thanks to partner booksell- Homeland’, highlighted in the most recent analysis. The fact that ers, also mainly to parents, grandparents, teachers, and others his legacy still lives on so many centuries later is a credit to the who acknowledge that reading provides any child with a future efforts of this insightful statesman, a knight of the spirit as well as advantage over passive recipients of entertainment, not to men- the battlefield, a pious Christian and an expander of the empire tion the ability to see the world in its subtleties, which we associ- himself. His initiative led to a great cultivation of the Lands of ate with artistic texts and illustrations. Having emerged from the the Czech Crown, which Charles elevated from their lowly status economic crisis, the book market appears to favour our efforts to an important position in Europe. What inspires us the most is and everything suggests, at least statistically speaking, that the the knowledge that none of this would have been possible with- golden era during which Czech children’s literature basked in the out adequate publicity — regardless of the limited resources avail- sunshine may be returning.