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Computer Aided Design of Electronic Devices TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY O.A. Kozhemyak, D.N. Ogorodnikov COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES It is recommended for publishing as a study aid by the Editorial Board of Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House 2014 1 UDC 621.38(075.8) BBC 31.2 K58 Kozhemyak O.A. K58 Computer aided design of electronic devices: study aid / O.A. Kozhemyak, D.N. Ogorodnikov; Tomsk Polytechnic University. – Tomsk: TPU Publishing House, 2014. – 130 p. This textbook focuses on the basic notions, history, types, technology and applications of computer-aided design. Methods of electronic devices simulation, automated design of power electronic devices and components, constructive- technological design are considered and discussed. Some features of the popular electronics CADs are also shown. There are a lot of practical examples using CADs of electronics. The textbook is designed at the Department of Industrial and Medical Electronics of TPU. It is intended for students majoring in the specialty „Electronics and Nanoelectronics‟. UDC 621.38(075.8) BBC 31.2 Reviewer Cand.Sc, Head of Laboratory, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Aleksandr V. Osipov © STE HPT TPU, 2014 © Kozhemyak O.A., Ogorodnikov D.N., 2014 © Design. Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House, 2014 2 Introduction. CAD around Us ........................................................................... 5 What is CAD? ................................................................................................ 5 Overview ....................................................................................................... 6 History ........................................................................................................... 7 Uses ............................................................................................................... 9 Types ........................................................................................................... 10 Technology .................................................................................................. 11 Electronic Design Automation .................................................................... 12 Modern EDA Software ................................................................................ 15 Chapter 1 General Information on Design ...................................................... 28 1.1 Definition of Design .............................................................................. 28 1.2 The description of the automated designing process ............................ 31 1.3 Process Approach in Electronic Design Automation ............................ 33 1.4 Structure of CAD systems ..................................................................... 35 1.4 General Description of CAD ................................................................. 38 1.5 Decision-making in CAD. Choosing the Criterion of Optimality ........ 42 1.6 Application of Experiments Planning Methods in CAD ...................... 45 Chapter 2 Simulation of Electronic Devices ................................................... 48 2.1 Methods of Electronic Devices Simulation ........................................... 48 2.2 Kinds of simulation on design stages of electronic devices .............. 51 2.3 Circuit Simulation ................................................................................. 55 2.4 Functional-logic Simulation of Digital Devices ................................... 61 Chapter 3 Automated Designing of Power Electronic Devices and Components .................................................................................................... 62 3.1 Designing Devices of Power Electronics .............................................. 62 3.2 Modeling example of rectifier designing .............................................. 65 3.3 Methods of formation of static models elements of power electronics 68 Chapter 4 Designing of Low-Current Electronic Devices.............................. 73 4.1 Methods and Algorithms of Designing ................................................. 73 4.2 Automated Synthesis of Control Systems ............................................. 77 4.3 Procedures of Minimization at the Design of Electronic Devices ........ 79 4.5 Reliability Control of the Developed Electronic Device ...................... 81 Chapter 5 Constructive-Technological Designing ......................................... 83 5.1 Constructive-technological designing ................................................... 83 5.2 The Design Analysis of Electromagnetic Compatibility of Electronic Devices ........................................................................................................ 84 Chapter 6 Design of DC-DC Buck Converter ................................................ 86 6.1 Technical project ................................................................................... 86 6.2 Analysis of the technical project ........................................................... 86 3 6.3 Calculation of DC-DC converter ........................................................... 90 6.4 Designing and calculation of circuit components ................................. 91 6.4.1 Calculation of smoothing inductor ..................................................... 91 6.4.2 Calculation of power transistors ......................................................... 93 6.4.3 Calculation of electrolytic capacitors for smoothing filter circuits ... 96 6.4.4 Calculation of diode blocks ................................................................ 98 6.4.5 Calculation of circuit parameters ....................................................... 99 6.4.6 Calculation of load parameters ......................................................... 100 6.4.7 Calculation of control circuit parameters ......................................... 100 6.4.8 Calculation of converter‟s efficiency and weight ............................ 101 6.5 Simulation ............................................................................................ 102 6.5.1 Simulation circuit and conditions ..................................................... 102 6.5.2 Current and voltage waveforms ....................................................... 103 6.5.3 Testing protocol ................................................................................ 108 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 111 Bibliography ................................................................................................. 112 Appendix A ............................................................................................... 114 Appendix B ................................................................................................ 116 4 Introduction. CAD around Us This chapter focuses on the basic notions, history, types, technology and applications of computer-aided design systems. It is general information about CADs. What is CAD? Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing. CAD output is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations. Computer-aided design is used in many fields. Its use in electronic design is known as Electronic Design Automation, or EDA. In mechanical design is known as Mechanical Design Automation, or MDA, it is also known as computer-aided drafting which describes the process of creating a technical drawing with the use of computer software. CAD software for mechanical design uses either vector based graphics to depict the objects of traditional drafting, or may also produce raster graphics showing the overall appearance of designed objects. However, it involves more than just shapes. As in the manual drafting of technical and engineering drawings, the output of CAD must convey information, such as materials, processes, dimensions, and tolerances, according to application- specific conventions. CAD may be used to design curves and figures in two-dimensional (2D) space; or curves, surfaces, and solids in three-dimensional (3D) space. CAD is an important industrial art extensively used in many applications, including automotive, shipbuilding, and aerospace industries, industrial and architectural design, prosthetics, and many more. CAD is also widely used to produce computer animation for special effects in movies, advertising and technical manuals, often called DCC Digital content creation. The modern ubiquity and power of computers means that even perfume bottles and shampoo dispensers are designed using techniques unheard of by engineers of the 1960s. Because of its enormous economic importance, CAD has been a major driving force for research in computational geometry, computer graphics (both hardware and software), and discrete differential geometry. 5 The design of geometric models for object shapes, in particular, is occasionally called computer-aided geometric design (CAGD). While the goal of automated CAD systems is to increase efficiency, they are not necessarily the best way to allow newcomers to understand the geometrical principles of Solid Modeling. For this, scripting languages such as PLaSM (Programming
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