1. Some of the Definitions of the Different Types of Objects in the Solar
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1986 DA and 1986 EB: IRON OBJECTS in NEAR-Eakm ORBITS; J.C
LPSC XVIII 349 1986 DA AND 1986 EB: IRON OBJECTS IN NEAR-EAKm ORBITS; J.C. Gra- die, Planetary Geosciences Division, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, Bonolalu, HI 96822 and E.F. Tede sco, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109. The estimated 1,500 asteroids, with diameters larger than a few hun- dred meters, which cross or closely approach the Earth' s orbit are divided into three orbital classes: the Aten asteroids with semi-maj or axes less than 1 AU and which cross the Earth's orbit near aphelia, the Apollo asteroids with semi-major axes greater than or equal to 1 AU and with per- ihelia greater than 1.17 AU, and the Amor asteroids with perihelia between 1.17 and 1.3 AU (1). These asteroids which have orbits stable against col- 8 lision with or ejection by a planet on the order of lo7 to 10 years must be derived from either extinct cometary naclei (2) or the asteroid belt (C f. 1). These near-Earth asteroids are important for several diverse reasons: they represent a group of obj ect s from which at least some of the meteor- ites arc derived, they may harbor extinct cometary nuclei thought to con- tain some of the most primitive and, perhaps, pristine material in the solar system, occasionally collide with the Earth, and are among the most accessible objects in the solar system. Study of the physical properties of the Earth-approaching asteroids is constrained by the generally long time between close approaches and poorly known orbits. -
'Myth' and 'Religion'
THOUGHTS ON MYTH AND RELIGION IN EARLY GREEK HISTORIOGRAPHY Robert L. FOWLER University of Bristol [email protected] RESUMEN: El artículo examina el nacimiento del concepto de mythos/mito en el contexto de la historiografía y la mitografía de la Grecia arcaica. La posibilidad de oponerse a relatos tradicionales es un factor crítico en este proceso y se relaciona estrechamente con los esfuerzos de los autores por fijar su autoridad. Se compara la práctica de Heródoto con la de los primeros mitógrafos y, aunque hay amplias similitudes, hay diferencias cruciales en el tratamiento de los asuntos religiosos. Los escrúpulos personales de Heródoto responden en parte a su bien conocida reserva en lo referente a los dioses, pero es también relevante su actitud acerca de la tarea del historiador y su noción de cómo los dioses intervienen en la historia. Mientras que los mitógrafos tratan de historicizar la mitología, Heródoto trata de modo notable de desmitologizar la historia, separando ambas, pero al mismo tiempo definiendo con más profundidad que nunca sus auténticas interconexiones. Esta situación sugiere algunas consideraciones generales acerca de la relación entre mito y ritual en Grecia. ABSTRACT: The article examines the emerging concept of mythos/myth in the context of early Greek historiography and mythography. The possibility of contesting traditional stories is a critical factor in this process, and is closely related to the efforts of writers to establish their authority. Herodotos’ practice is compared with that of the early mythographers, and though there are some broad similarities, there are crucial differences in their approach to religious matters. -
NASA Chat: Asteroid 1998 QE2 to Sail Past Earth Expert Dr. Bill Cooke May 30, 2013 ______
NASA Chat: Asteroid 1998 QE2 to Sail Past Earth Expert Dr. Bill Cooke May 30, 2013 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Moderator_Brooke: Welcome everyone! We're just about to start the chat, so please go ahead and send in your questions. Thanks for being here -- now let's talk asteroids! RSEW: Hello Bill_Cooke: We're here! Do you have a question? Moderator_Brooke: All right, here we go...Bill, over to you. tyler_hussey : I was wondering if people in New Hampshire will be able to view this asteroid pass by, and if so, what is the length it will be visible, what direction, and how close to the horizon? Bill_Cooke; Hi Tyler. You need a telescope to see the QE2 asteroid, and of course, it needs to be dark. It's visible there in N.H. with a small telescope about 10:30 p.m. local time. It will be in the constellation Hydra and be about eleventh magnitude. tyler_hussey: I was wondering if people in New Hampshire will be able to view this asteroid pass by, and if so, what is the length it will be visible, what direction, and how close to the horizon? Bill_Cooke: Unless you are Asia or Europe, you will not be able to see the asteroid at close approach. However, you can see it tonight around 10:30 pm local time with a small telescope. It will be in the constellation of Hydra. Moderator_Brooke: You can also find more information about QE2 at this link: http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/news/asteroid20130530.html guest100: where did this asteroid come from Bill_Cooke: The asteroid 1998 QE2 is an amor asteroid which means it approaches Earth from the outside. -
The Blurring Distinction Between Asteroids and Comets
Answers Research Journal 8 (2015):203–208. www.answersingenesis.org/arj/v8/asteroids-and-comets.pdf The Blurring Distinction between Asteroids and Comets Danny R. Faulkner, Answers in Genesis, PO Box 510, Hebron, Kentucky, 41048. Abstract Asteroids and comets long had been viewed as distinct objects with regards to orbits and composition. However, discoveries made in recent years have blurred those distinctions. Whether there is a continuum on which our older conception of asteroids and comets are extremes or if there still is a gap between them is not entirely clear yet. Some of the newer views of comets and asteroids may challenge the evolutionary theory of the solar system. Additionally, the new information may challenge the idea that the solar system is billions of years old. For readers not versed in nomenclature of small solar system bodies, I discuss that in the appendix. Keywords: small solar system objects, comets, asteroids (minor planets) Introduction the sun, and their orbits frequently are inclined The differences between asteroids and comets considerably to the orbits of the planets. Because of At one time, we thought of asteroids and comets as their highly elliptical orbits, most comets alternately being two very different groups of objects. Comets and are very close to the sun when near perihelion and asteroids certainly looked different. Comets can be very far from the sun when near aphelion. Comets visible to the naked eye, and have been known since spend most of the time near aphelion far from the ancient times. They have a hazy, fuzzy appearance. sun, so that their ices remain frozen. -
Jjmonl 1710.Pmd
alactic Observer John J. McCarthy Observatory G Volume 10, No. 10 October 2017 The Last Waltz Cassini’s final mission and dance of death with Saturn more on page 4 and 20 The John J. McCarthy Observatory Galactic Observer New Milford High School Editorial Committee 388 Danbury Road Managing Editor New Milford, CT 06776 Bill Cloutier Phone/Voice: (860) 210-4117 Production & Design Phone/Fax: (860) 354-1595 www.mccarthyobservatory.org Allan Ostergren Website Development JJMO Staff Marc Polansky Technical Support It is through their efforts that the McCarthy Observatory Bob Lambert has established itself as a significant educational and recreational resource within the western Connecticut Dr. Parker Moreland community. Steve Barone Jim Johnstone Colin Campbell Carly KleinStern Dennis Cartolano Bob Lambert Route Mike Chiarella Roger Moore Jeff Chodak Parker Moreland, PhD Bill Cloutier Allan Ostergren Doug Delisle Marc Polansky Cecilia Detrich Joe Privitera Dirk Feather Monty Robson Randy Fender Don Ross Louise Gagnon Gene Schilling John Gebauer Katie Shusdock Elaine Green Paul Woodell Tina Hartzell Amy Ziffer In This Issue INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT ...................... 4 SOLAR ACTIVITY ........................................................... 19 MONTE APENNINES AND APOLLO 15 .................................. 5 COMMONLY USED TERMS ............................................... 19 FAREWELL TO RING WORLD ............................................ 5 FRONT PAGE ............................................................... -
March 21–25, 2016
FORTY-SEVENTH LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS MARCH 21–25, 2016 The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center The Woodlands, Texas INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Universities Space Research Association Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRS Stephen Mackwell, Lunar and Planetary Institute Eileen Stansbery, NASA Johnson Space Center PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS David Draper, NASA Johnson Space Center Walter Kiefer, Lunar and Planetary Institute PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. Doug Archer, NASA Johnson Space Center Nicolas LeCorvec, Lunar and Planetary Institute Katherine Bermingham, University of Maryland Yo Matsubara, Smithsonian Institute Janice Bishop, SETI and NASA Ames Research Center Francis McCubbin, NASA Johnson Space Center Jeremy Boyce, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew Needham, Carnegie Institution of Washington Lisa Danielson, NASA Johnson Space Center Lan-Anh Nguyen, NASA Johnson Space Center Deepak Dhingra, University of Idaho Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Center Stephen Elardo, Carnegie Institution of Washington Dorothy Oehler, NASA Johnson Space Center Marc Fries, NASA Johnson Space Center D. Alex Patthoff, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cyrena Goodrich, Lunar and Planetary Institute Elizabeth Rampe, Aerodyne Industries, Jacobs JETS at John Gruener, NASA Johnson Space Center NASA Johnson Space Center Justin Hagerty, U.S. Geological Survey Carol Raymond, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lindsay Hays, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Paul Schenk, -
Dealing with the Threat of an Asteroid Striking the Earth
Dealing with the Threat of an Asteroid Striking the Earth An AIAA Position Paper April 1990 This paper originated in the AIAA Space Systems Technical Committee and was Approved by the AIAA Board of Directors American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, VA 20191 703/264-7500 SUMMARY Hundreds, perhaps thousands, of asteroids travel in orbits that intersect the Earth’s orbit. Some have struck the Earth in the past, leaving large craters. Others have come very close, one as recently as March 23, 1989 (Apollo Asteroid 1989FC, estimated to be a fifth to a half mile in diameter). Such an object, if it struck the Earth today, could cause a disaster of unprecedented proportions. Although the probability of such an occurrence is very small, its consequences (i.e., the casualty rate) could be enormous. The risk to Earth’s inhabitants is therefore finite, warranting action to improve and expand our ability to detect Earth- orbit-crossing objects and to analyze and predict their orbits. It would also be useful to explore methods and technologies for deflecting or destroying any such objects that are predicted to impact the Earth and to alter their orbits sufficiently to preclude impact. To begin the process of implementing such action, appropriate experts, both civil and military, should be tasked to formulate specific programs designed to address the issues involved. INTRODUCTION On March 23, 1989, an asteroid bigger than an aircraft carrier, traveling at 46,000 miles per hour, passed through Earth's orbit less than 400,000 miles away. Our planet had been at that point only six hours earlier. -
An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact
An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact John L. Tonry(1) ABSTRACT Earth is bombarded by meteors, occasionally by one large enough to cause a significant explosion and possible loss of life. It is not possible to detect all hazardous asteroids, and the efforts to detect them years before they strike are only advancing slowly. Similarly, ideas for mitigation of the danger from an impact by moving the asteroid are in their infancy. Although the odds of a deadly asteroid strike in the next century are low, the most likely impact is by a relatively small asteroid, and we suggest that the best mitigation strategy in the near term is simply to move people out of the way. With enough warning, a small asteroid impact should not cause loss of life, and even portable property might be preserved. We describe an \early warning" system that could provide a week's notice of most sizeable asteroids or comets on track to hit the Earth. This may be all the mitigation needed or desired for small asteroids, and it can be implemented immediately for relatively low cost. This system, dubbed \Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System" (AT- LAS), comprises two observatories separated by about 100 km that simulta- neously scan the visible sky twice a night. Software automatically registers a comparison with the unchanging sky and identifies everything which has moved or changed. Communications between the observatories lock down the orbits of anything approaching the Earth, within one night if its arrival is less than a week. The sensitivity of the system permits detection of 140 m asteroids (100 Mton impact energy) three weeks before impact, and 50 m asteroids a week be- fore arrival. -
O Lunar and Planetary Institute a Provided by the NASA
SEARCHING FOR COMET CORES AMONG APOLLO/AMOR ASTEROIDS. C. A. Wood, SN4INASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058 Other than occasional comets, Apollo and hor asteroids (AIA) approach the Earth more closely than any other celestial bodies, and hence are likely contributors to the flux of meteorites. Be- cause dynamic lifetimes of A/A objects are only lo7-lo8 years they must be continually resupplied from a longer-lived source. Orbital dynamical considerations appear to dictate that comets mst supply the majority of A/A1s, but, assuming that meteorites do come from A/A1s, current models of meteorite origins preclude this possibility. This standoff, between theories and models, has con- tinued for nearly 30 years, but sufficient data on A/A objects themselves are now available to con- sider the likelihood of a canetary or asteroidal origin for individual Earth-approaching objects. How to Identify Cometary Cores: Based upon previous discussions, extinct comets in A/A orbits are likely to be distinguishable from objects which escaped from the main asteroid belt by both physical and orbital characteristics (e.g., 1). Shape: Anders (2) argued that small objects such as Icarus (dia -1 km) could not maintain spherical shapes against collisional destruction if they had spent most of the last 4.5 b.y. in the asteroid belt. Collisional fragmentation would be much less likely in the Oort cloud, thus spheric- ity can be interpreted as evidence for a cometary origin of A/A objects. This criteria ignores the splitting of comets, which has only been observed in three shortperiod comets (13). -
Interpretation: a Journal of Political Philosophy
Interpretation A JOURNAL A OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Spring 1994 Volume 21 Number 3 Aristophanes' Mark Kremer Criticism of Egalitarianism: An Interpretation of The Assembly of Women Steven Forde The Comic Poet, the City, and the Gods: Dionysus' Katabasis in the Frogs of Aristophanes Tucker Landy Virtue, Art, and the Good Life in Plato's Protagoras Nalin Ranasinghe Deceit, Desire, and the Dialectic: Plato's Republic Revisited Olivia Delgado de Torres Reflections on Patriarchy and the Rebellion of Daughters in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice and Othello Alfred Mollin On Hamlet's Mousetrap Joseph Alulis The Education of the Prince in Shakespeare's King Lear David Lowenthal King Lear Glenn W. Olsen John Rawls and the Flight from Authority: The Quest for Equality as an Exercise in Primitivism Book Reviews Will Morrisey The Roots of Political Philosophy: Ten Forgotten Socratic Dialogues, edited by Thomas L. Pangle John C. Koritansky Interpreting Tocqueville s "Democracy in America," edited by Ken Masugi Interpretation Editor-in-Chief Hilail Gildin, Dept. of Philosophy, Queens College Executive Editor Leonard Grey General Editors Seth G. Benardete Charles E. Butterworth Hilail Gildin Robert Horwitz (d. 1987) Howard B. White (d. 1974) Consulting Editors Christopher Bruell Joseph Cropsey Ernest L. Fortin John Hallowell (d. 1992) Harry V. Jaffa David Lowenthal Muhsin Mahdi Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr. Arnaldo Momigliano (d. 1987) Michael Oakeshott (d. 1990) Ellis Sandoz Leo Strauss (d. 1973) Kenneth W. Thompson European Editors Terence E. Marshall Heinrich Meier Editors Wayne Ambler Maurice Auerbach Fred Baumann Michael Blaustein Patrick Coby Edward J. Erler Maureen Feder-Marcus Joseph E. Goldberg Stephen Harvey Pamela K. -
Underworld Radcliffe .G Edmonds III Bryn Mawr College, [email protected]
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Greek, Latin, and Classical Studies Faculty Research Greek, Latin, and Classical Studies and Scholarship 2018 Underworld Radcliffe .G Edmonds III Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.brynmawr.edu/classics_pubs Part of the Classics Commons Custom Citation Edmonds, Radcliffe .,G III. 2019. "Underworld." In Oxford Classical Dictionary. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. https://repository.brynmawr.edu/classics_pubs/123 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Underworld Radcliffe G. Edmonds III In Oxford Classical Dictionary, in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics. (Oxford University Press. April 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.8062 Summary Depictions of the underworld, in ancient Greek and Roman textual and visual sources, differ significantly from source to source, but they all draw on a common pool of traditional mythic motifs. These motifs, such as the realm of Hades and its denizens, the rivers of the underworld, the paradise of the blessed dead, and the places of punishment for the wicked, are developed and transformed through all their uses throughout the ages, depending upon the aims of the author or artist depicting the underworld. Some sources explore the relation of the world of the living to that of the dead through descriptions of the location of the underworld and the difficulties of entering it. By contrast, discussions of the regions within the underworld and existence therein often relate to ideas of afterlife as a continuation of or compensation for life in the world above. -
Solar System in My Room Man
6 + 2055 WARNING: CHOKING HAZARD - Small parts/small ball(s). Not for children under 3 years. A word about Pluto... Since it was discovered in 1930, Pluto has been considered the ninth planet of our solar system. In 2006, at a large gathering of astronomers from around the world, it was agreed that objects in our solar system should be divided into three main categories: planets, dwarf planets, and small solar system bodies. A planet orbits only the Sun and nothing else; it is massive enough that its gravity makes it spherical; and its gravity is strong enough to keep the path of its orbit clear of other objects. There are officially eight planets in our solar system. A dwarf planet also orbits the Sun and is spherical, but its gravity is not strong enough to clear its orbital path of other objects. There are officially at least three dwarf planets in our solar system. A small solar system body is not massive enough to have gravity that can make it spherical, so its shape is irregular. Asteroids, comets and moons are in this category. There are many small solar system bodies. Therefore, with these new definitions of objects in our solar system, Pluto is no longer considered a planet. It is officially a dwarf planet (along with two others, Ceres and Eris). Ceiling Installing Batteries Mounting Plate Tool required - Small Phillips-head screwdriver 1. Use a Phillips-head screwdriver to remove the battery door. On/Off 2. Insert 3 “AA” batteries. Make sure the “+” and “-” ends are inserted correctly, as indicated in the battery compartment.