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Water Quality of Selected Villages of Khambhat Taluka

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Water Quality of Selected Villages of Khambhat Taluka The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO: 0886-9367 WATER QUALITY OF SELECTED VILLAGES OF KHAMBHAT TALUKA. Mr.Piyushkumar V.Upadhyay Chemistry department Shri R.P.arts,K.B. commerce and Smt. B.C.J.science college. Khambhat , Dist. Anand Gujarat, India. Email id: [email protected] Abstract: The present work is aimed as assessing the water quality for the ground water of khambhat taluka .This has been determined by collecting ground water samples and subjecting the samples to a comprehensive physiochemical analysis.Khambhat taluka is situated near the bay of khambhat in Anand district,Gujarat.Some ground water parameters pH, TDS,chlorides,hardness and electrical conductivity(E.C.) suggested and essentially responsible for water quality for each sampled location was determined by imparting the relative and proportionate weightage to the involved parameters contributing to overall water quality.The duration of study was March 2017 to February 2018. Keywords: Analysis,Comprehensive, Groundwater,Total hardness, Investigation, Water quality, Water sample Introduction: It has been known that the earth is unique planet in the solar system and the universe to originate and flourish living creature on it due to one of the very important factors.i.e.water, but it is polluted more or less at every nook and corner of the world.Water resources in India has no exception for this phenomenon. Through analysis and of water quality status is a very comprehensive and complex study required to be supported by long term data analysis. Seasonal variation,temporal development in region,climate changes etc.however with the consideration of time and resources behind such detailed analysis,it is merely feasible for research task while the regional development task needs an approach include the collective consideration of water quality parameters with their due impact on overall water quality in the study area rather than equal weightage based traditional approach. Khambhat is situated near the bay of khambhat. So, water quality of this area is found degraded due to influence of sea water intrusion during tidal and non tidal periods.Construction of barrier structures across the river in estuarial zone which may remarkably or partly obstruct the propagation of tidal currents and lead to lateral intrusion of pollutants in khambhat acquifers. Water quality is one of the most effective tools to monitor the surface as well as ground water pollution and can be used efficiently in the implementation of water quality upgrading programmers. Volume XI, Issue X, October/2019 Page No:475 The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO: 0886-9367 Water quality provide information on a rating scale from zero to hundred. Higher value of water quality index indicates better quality of water and lower value shows poor water quality. Methods and materials: To understanding the water quality, sampling of water is an important tool. It is extremely difficult to entire water body and it may be necessary either a small portion of water referred to as a sample, which represent the whole water body, it is collecting for detailed investigation. This is good as testing the entire water body,bimonthly (winter,summer,monsoon) samples will collect of villages of khambhat taluka. H H Turbidity and p were measured by digital nephelo turbidity meter(type-132) and p meter (type-332) respectively, chloride was estimated by precipitation method using AgNO3 solution.Sulphate was estimated by UV-visible spectrometer(type-11).Total hardness was determined by volumetric titration (EDTA method). Results and discussion : Village Total Permanent Temporary Ca+2 Mg+2 cl-1 So4-2 Zn+2 P H hardness hardness mg/l hardness mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Dhuvaran 510 240 270 251 265 232 268 3.5 7.38 Pandad 512 232 280 248 260 234 270 3.8 7.53 Vadgam 524 268 256 259 266 229 251 4.1 7.24 Mitli 536 243 293 249 264 231 254 4.4 7.38 Kalamsar 519 212 307 239 251 242 256 3.7 7.52 Lunej 498 210 288 233 252 249 250 3.9 6.66 Sokhda 484 214 270 221 241 223 229 4.2 6.86 Tamsa 491 218 273 232 249 228 234 4.8 6.98 Ralej 468 231 237 219 239 235 238 4.4 6.94 Vasna 451 229 222 224 238 236 241 4.9 6.92 All parameters are in mg/l except PH. Results obtained during the analysis were shown in table . WHO standards for drinking water are given below. Sulphate : 250 mg/lit Zinc : 5 mg/lit Chloride :250 mg/lit Total hardness :100 mg/lit Volume XI, Issue X, October/2019 Page No:476 The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO: 0886-9367 Calcium : 208 mg/l Magnesium : 228 mg/l The concentration of sulphate and chloride were found in the range 229-270 mg/lit and 223-249 mg/lit respectively. High chloride content has poisonous effect on plant and animals The pH value of water was ranged between 6.66-7.53 indicating slightly alkaline nature of water . Total hardness was found in the range 468-536 mg/litre Conclusion: The concentration of sulphate,chloride,ca+2 and Mg+2 were found beyond minimum tolerance limit. The concentration of total hardness were found out of range. Total hardness of Dhuvaran ,Pandad,Vadgam,Mitli and Kalamsar villages were found very high than ideal range 100 mg/litre, because these villages are situated shortest distance from bay of khambhat. References: [1] A.k.Rastogi,Numerical ground water hydrology,PIP publication,Mumbai,2007, pp 913-949. [2] BIS(Bureau of Indian standard)10500(1991).Indian standard drinking water specification (1st rev.,pp1-8). [3] Chanda D.K.Hydrology j.1999 7(5),431-439. [4] D.k.todd, "ground water hydrology”New york:wiley.1980-pp-535-542. [5] H.m.raghunath Ground water 3rd ed.New Age International publisher,New Delhi,2006,pp-390-396. [6] Horto R.R An index number system for rating water quality J.wat.pollut,control.fed.1965,37:300-06. [7] K.R.karanth “ground water assessment development management”11th ed.,Tata mcgraw Hill publishing company limited,2007 New Delhi. [8] Katariya H.C.and jain o.p.Indian j.environ protection, 15,569(1995). [9] Mishra P.C and patel R.K.Indian j Environ Ecoplan.,2001,5(2),293-298. [10 ]N.subba Rao, “Studies on water quality index in hard rock terrain of Guntur district.Andhra pradesh.” National seminar on hydrology of precambrian terrains and hard rock areas,1997,India(pp.129-134). [11] Sawyer G.N,carthy MCDL, Chemistry of Sanitary Engineers,2nd ed.MC Graw Hill, New York, 1967,p 518. [12] Singh M.and Gupta K.C.,Asian j.chem vol.15,3,4(2003) 1603-1606. Volume XI, Issue X, October/2019 Page No:477 The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO: 0886-9367 [13] Standard methods for estimation of water and waste water.APHA,awwa,WPCF,16th Edn(1985). [14] Trivedi R.K.goel P.K. and Trishul C.L.practical methods in ecology and enviromental science.Enviromental publication,karad.1987. [15] WHO(World Health Organisation) guidelines for drinking water quality, 2nd ed.1993,vol1.p-188. Volume XI, Issue X, October/2019 Page No:478.
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