Books - Listening
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The IARU and You
Howard E. Michel, WB2ITX, ARRL Chief Executive Officer, [email protected] Second Century The IARU and You April 18 is World Amateur Radio Day. The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) has selected the observance’s theme for 2019: “Celebrating Amateur Radio’s Contribution to Society.” Some of you may ask, “What is the IARU, and why should I care?” The International Amateur Radio Union is a federation of ARRL and IARU have been preparing for this conference, national Amateur Radio associations, founded on April and to protect Amateur Radio spectrum. 18, 1925 in Paris with representatives from an initial 25 countries. ARRL is the International Secretariat for Because of this critically important service that IARU the IARU, and also represents the United States in provides, it has grown to include 160 member- the IARU. The International Telecommunication societies in three regions. These regions are orga- Union (ITU), which is the United Nations special- nized to roughly mirror the structure of the ITU and ized agency for information and communication its related regional telecommunications organiza- technologies (ICTs), has recognized the IARU as tions. IARU Region 1 includes Europe, Africa, the representing the worldwide interests of Amateur Radio. Middle East, and Northern Asia. Region 2 covers the Americas, and Region 3 comprises Australia, New The ITU has three main areas of activity called sectors: Zealand, the Pacific island nations, and most of Asia. radiocommunications, standardization, and development. Working through these sectors, ITU allocates global radio According to the IARU, there are about 3 million hams spectrum and satellite orbits, develops the technical stan- worldwide. -
The Results for You to Think About
Ottawa Amateur Radio Club MONTHLY CLUB MEETING APRIL 7, 2020 7:30PM 1 COVID-19 REMINDERS Wash your hands…don’t touch your face…shake feet not hands…sneeze or cough into your elbow or tissue… And most importantly (for whatever reason) …use toilet paper sparingly and stock up! 2 Agenda • Member Survey Results for How we can re-imagine the use of our Repeater during this current COVID-19 to bring value to our members • Proposed Discussion Topics •Proposed Schedule •Proposed Meeting Format 3 Topics Popularity Ranking Building antennas 10.48 Building accessories 9.9 Building radios 9.52 Computer supported modes like FT8, RTTY, PSK31 8.9 QRP operations 8.76 VHF Digital Modes - DMR, C4FM Fusion, and DSTAR 8.43 APRS 7.86 HF contesting 7.67 Fox Hunting 7.62 Satellite operations including EME (moon bounce) 7.19 VHF and up DXing 6.86 Slow Scan TV 4.67 LF or MF operations 3.95 Other 3.19 4 Knowledge and Experience Ranking 4- 1-NOVICE– 2-INTERMEDIATE–3-ADVANCED– EXPERT– TOTAL– WEIGHTED AVERAGE– Building accessories 2 11 6 2 21 2.38 Building antennas 3 11 6 1 21 2.24 Building radios 7 10 4 0 21 1.86 APRS 11 6 3 1 21 1.71 HF contesting 13 5 2 1 21 1.57 Computer supported modes like FT8, RTTY, PSK31 15 3 1 2 21 1.52 VHF Digital Modes - DMR, C4FM Fusion, & DSTAR 12 6 2 0 20 1.5 Fox hunting 12 8 1 0 21 1.48 QRP operations 15 4 2 0 21 1.38 Other: __________________________________ 12 3 1 0 16 1.31 VHF and up DXing 16 4 0 0 20 1.2 Slow Scan TV 17 3 0 0 20 1.15 Satellite operations, EME (Moon Bounce) 18 3 0 0 21 1.14 LF or MF operations 19 0 1 0 20 1.1 5 What I like most about creating more opportunities to discuss focused topics during NETs • lively and imaginative discussions. -
A Brief History of Radio Broadcasting in Africa
A Brief History of Radio Broadcasting in Africa Radio is by far the dominant and most important mass medium in Africa. Its flexibility, low cost, and oral character meet Africa's situation very well. Yet radio is less developed in Africa than it is anywhere else. There are relatively few radio stations in each of Africa's 53 nations and fewer radio sets per head of population than anywhere else in the world. Radio remains the top medium in terms of the number of people that it reaches. Even though television has shown considerable growth (especially in the 1990s) and despite a widespread liberalization of the press over the same period, radio still outstrips both television and the press in reaching most people on the continent. The main exceptions to this ate in the far south, in South Africa, where television and the press are both very strong, and in the Arab north, where television is now the dominant medium. South of the Sahara and north of the Limpopo River, radio remains dominant at the start of the 21St century. The internet is developing fast, mainly in urban areas, but its growth is slowed considerably by the very low level of development of telephone systems. There is much variation between African countries in access to and use of radio. The weekly reach of radio ranges from about 50 percent of adults in the poorer countries to virtually everyone in the more developed ones. But even in some poor countries the reach of radio can be very high. In Tanzania, for example, nearly nine out of ten adults listen to radio in an average week. -
The Am Broadcast Band
THE AM BROADCAST BAND While crystal sets are designed, built, and used for the AM broadcast band and shortwave bands, the vast majority of hobbyists in the US focus their activities on the AM band, defined by the FCC to span from 530 through 1,700 kHz. As of January 1, 2008, there were roughly 4,793 AM stations active on the band, and this number of stations hasn’t changed much over the last ten years. Power output assigned by license to these stations varies, from as little as 250 watts to a maximum of 50,000 watts. Format, i.e. the content broadcast by each station, varies. As noted in Figure 1, the concentration of AM stations assigned at each increment of 10 kHz in frequency varies across the band, numbering 25 at 540 kHz, averaging about 30 from 550 through 1200 kHz and about 65 from 1210 through 1600 kHz. Just a smattering of stations occupy segments from 1600-1700 kHz. Figure 2 displays the concentration per frequency for the 50 Kilowatt stations that operate day and night. These stations - often called clear-channel stations – can cover a wide area at night as their radio signals reflect off the ionosphere. During the day, local stations are those most often heard, as long-distant reflections off the ionosphere are reduced. Clearly, we can use these facts to improve our listening and logging activities. During the day is the best time to receive or log those stations that are within a given radius of our location. At night the clear-channel stations will dominate and we’ll tend to hear those whose antenna pattern (direction of transmission) and reflection pattern (for that day) off the ionosphere is aimed at our location. -
Analogue & Digital Radio Worldwide
Analogue & Digital Radio Worldwide MASS COMMUNICATION VIA SHORTWAVE HAS UNIQUE ADVANTAGES EVEN IN THE INTERNET AGE Global radio transmission via shortwave How it works Advantages of Shortwave Radio Simple, non-discriminatory reception Shortwave radio is radio transmission › Analogue or digital radio with of information on portable end user using shortwave radio frequencies, gen- one transmitter around the globe devices, independently from network erally 3.9–26.1 MHz (75–11 meter-band), › Audio transmission and data- providers and technical infrastructure: just above the medium-wave AM broad- transfer are possible These are the unique features which cast band. Shortwaves are directed at continue to make shortwave an impor- an angle into the sky can › Flexible transmission booking tant form of mass media. Therefore be reflected back to earth at great (daily, weekly, monthly or on- shortwave is an important platform for distances, beyond the horizon. Short- demand) public and commercial radio broad- wave radio is usually used for broad- › Reach thousands of people with casters as well as political and religious casting voice and music to shortwave one transmitter organisations to distribute their pro- listeners over entire continents or even grammes. larger areas. › Signals are hardly to disturb compared to Internet or satellite IONOSPHERE › Easy to receive with low-cost receivers SKYWAVE TRANSMITTER RECEIVER Shortwave stations of our partner service providers around the globe From Germany to the whole world › For providers of radio programmes intended for reception around the globe, Media Broadcast offers comprehensive consulting services and customised solutions for broadcasting signals via shortwave. We offer all required services- from one source, from IT-supported calculation of the desired transmission parameters and coordination of the suitable frequencies to technical broadcasting of the signals via our shortwave station in Nauen near Berlin. -
Proposed Changes to the Morse Code (CW) ) RM-10784, Proficiency Requirement for Operator ) RM-10785, Access to the Amateur Radio Bands ) RM-10786, and Below 30 Mhz
Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, DC 20554 ) In the Matter of ) RM-10781, ) RM-10782, The Amateur Radio Service: ) RM-10783, Proposed Changes to the Morse Code (CW) ) RM-10784, Proficiency Requirement for Operator ) RM-10785, Access to the Amateur Radio Bands ) RM-10786, and Below 30 MHz. ) RM-10787 ) COMMENTS TO PETITIONS FOR RULEMAKING GREETINGS: INTRODUCTION As all parties concerned are no doubt aware, the Morse code telegraphy proficiency requirement for Amateur Radio Service operators has been eliminated from the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) Radio Regulations. This change was effected on 5 July 2003 at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2003 (WRC-03), Geneva, by revising Article 25.5 §3 1 of these regulations. The revised Article 25.5 now gives the administrations of individual member nations, such as the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission), discretion to “…determine whether or not a person seeking a license to operate an amateur station shall demonstrate the ability to send and receive texts in Morse code signals.” Previously, knowledge of or demonstration of Morse code proficiency had been required by ITU regulation for amateur radio operation on all frequencies below 30 MHz. These 1 Dixon Comments frequencies include all of the amateur High Frequency (HF or shortwave) bands, and the one amateur Medium Frequency (MF or medium-wave) band. Note: For purposes of this document, references henceforth to “HF” or “High Frequency” or “shortwave” shall be deemed to include MF or Medium Frequency or medium-wave, as well. This is in fact colloquial nomenclature among amateur radio operators. The various petitions for rulemaking captioned above seek various degrees of relief from the somewhat burdensome requirement for US-licensed Amateur Radio Service operators (amateurs), presently needed to access the very popular and preferential international High Frequency amateur radio bands. -
Digitalization of Radio Through DRM Standard on Mediumwave And
ISSN: 2277-3754 ISO 9001:2008 Certified International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue 9, March 2014 Digitalization of Radio through DRM Standard on Mediumwave and Shortwave Branimir Jaksic, Mile Petrovic, Petar Spalevic, Ratko Ivkovic, Sinisa Minic University of Prishtina, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia University of Prishtina, Teachers College, Leposavic, Serbia areas where analog technology AM (amplitude modulation) Abstract— this paper work offers an overview of DRM was used. It is planned that AM should be replaced with standards used in digitization of radio on medium and short waves digital technology which is similar to technologies DAB and in the world. Firstly, it provides the raw characteristics of DRM DVB-T (all of these listed technologies use OFDM technology and its working principle, with a special focus on audio coding. After that, the state of DRM transmissions in modulation) [3]. The primary purpose of DRM technology is February 2014 is given. Also it gives an summary of radio stations for transfer of the audio content. With this basic purpose, which broadcast the program using DRM technology (country DRM also supports the transfer of some multimedia content and language transmission). Broadcasting areas of radio stations with lower transmission capacity: are also provided, as well as the number of active DRM - DRM text messages; frequencies by regions of the world, for each radio station - EPG (Electronic Program Guide); separately. Then, a map of DRM transmitters in the world is - Information text services (Journaline text based shown, with their main characteristics. information service); - Transmission frames (Slideshow); Index Terms—DRM, frequencie, radio channel, transmitters. -
Implementation Considerations for the Introduction and Transition to Digital Terrestrial Sound and Multimedia Broadcasting
Report ITU-R BS.2384-0 (07/2015) Implementation considerations for the introduction and transition to digital terrestrial sound and multimedia broadcasting BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rep. ITU-R BS.2384-0 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio- frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Reports (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. -
UTARC N5XU MF/HF Station
UTARC N5XU MF/HF Station The N5XU HF station is designed with DXing and single-operator or multi-single radio contesting in mind. All of the equipment is located on a single table, with almost everything located within comfortable reach of the operator. The equipment is on a single table and shelf. On the top shelf, left to right: small B&W portable television sitting on top of an Astron RS-20A 13.8VDC power supply, an AEA PK-900 multimode data controller sitting on top of a Curtis Command Center The HF station at N5XU power distribution switch, a desk lamp, a 17" computer monitor, small MFJ 24-hour clock, a Logikey K-3 CW memory keyer, a large bell, CDE Ham IV rotor control head, Kenwood AT- 230. Under the shelf, left to right: Astron RS-20M 13.8VDC power supply, Yaesu FT-2600M, Kenwood SP-31 speaker, Kenwood TS-850SAT, Kenwood IF-232C (under table, not visible,) Radio Shack Digital SWR/Power Meter, Kenwood VFO-230, Kenwood TS-830S. On the table, left to right: Optimus 71 headphones, Electrovoice Model 638 microphone with Heil HC-4 element, computer keyboard, mouse, Bencher BY-1 paddles, Optimus PRO-50MX headset microphone. In the rack, from top to bottom: AM-6155 400 watt amplifier for 222 MHz, Tektronix RM 503 dual-trace oscilloscope, antenna patch panel, Heathkit SB-220 linear amplifier with large muffin fan on top. Our main HF transceiver is a Kenwood TS-850SAT. This radio is capable of CW, USB, LSB, FSK, AM, FM. and PSK modes on all of the MF and HF Amateur Radio bands. -
Portable Shortwave Receivers
Portable Shortwave Receivers ● Longwave, AM, FM and Shortwave ELITE SATELLIT ● VHF Air Band ● HD Radio Reception ● RDS Display ● Superior Sensitivity and Selectivity ● Dual Conversion Design ● Huge 5.7 Inch Backlit Display ● Drift-free Digital Phase Lock Loop ● Direct Frequency and Band Entry ● Single Sideband Synchronous Detector ● Selectable Bandwidths ● High Dynamic Range ● Dual Programmable Clocks ● Dual Event Programmable Timers ● Stereo Line Level Input ● Stereo Line Level Output ● Earphone Jack ● Separate Bass and Treble Controls ● Adjustable AGC: Fast or Slow ● Telescopic Antenna AM/FM/SW ● Battery (4xD) or Included AC Adapter ● Scan and Search ● 1700 Total Memories (500 alphanumeric) ● Deluxe Carry Bag The Elite Satellit is simply the finest full-sized portable in the world. The Elite Satellit is an elegant confluence of performance, features and capabilities. The look, feel and finish of this radio is superb. The solid, quality feel is second to none. The digitally synthesized, dual conversion shortwave tuner covers all long wave, mediums wave (AM) and shortwave frequencies. HD Radio improves audio fidelity and adds additional programming without a subscription fee. Adjacent frequency interference can be minimized or eliminated with a choice of three bandwidths [7.0, 4.0, 2.5 kHz]. The sideband selectable Synchronous AM Detector further minimizes adjacent frequency interference and reduces fading distortion of AM signals. IF Passband Tuning is yet another advanced feature that functions in AM and SSB modes to reject interference. AGC is selectable at fast or slow. High dynamic range permits the detection of weak signals in the presence of strong signals. All this coupled with great sensitivity will bring in stations from every part of the globe. -
Weak Signal Dxing on 222
iJOCKf'r - • 'j l-/LE r'1p yO" Ft':O I) ... vv . t1IGINAL .U .: ;J lfl'l·' Before the " ,17) FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Amendment of the Amateur Service ) Rilles Concerning the 222-225 MHz ) and 1240-1300 MHz Frequency Bands ) TO: The Commission COMMENTS OF WAYNE OVERBECK, N6NB1 The following comments are offered in support of the Commission's Notice of Proposed Rule Making in the above captioned matter. While I concur fully with the Comments being filed in this proceeding by the Western States VHF-Microwave Society (WSVMS), of which I am a member, I am also filing my own comments for two reasons: 1) To discuss some of the policy implications of this proceeding in light of the dominant role ofwide-bandwidth FM repeaters in the VHF-UHF amateur bands and the technological advances in communications now occurring; and 2) To place in the record a paper I published last year that summarizes the 60-year history of amateur experimentation in the 1.25 meter band, documenting significant contri- butions to the state of the art by radio amateurs. My point, above all, is that experimentation and innovation by radio amateurs are still important--and that such activities cannot continue if the Commission abandons its 1 I have been a licensed radio amateur since 1957 and active on the 222 MHz band since the 1960s. Although I served four terms as an elected vice director of the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), I hold no ARRL office now; the opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect those ofARRL or any other organization. -
Shortwave-Listening
Listen to global news in the making! Monitor transmissions from Voice of America. Radio Canada, Radio Netherlands. Radio Moscow and many others. Learn how radio waves tra- vel. Get information on popular shortwave bands and licensing for a Itypes of equipment. Radio Listener's Guide by William Barden, Jr. Radio Shack A Division of Tandy Corporation First Edition First Printing-1987 Copyright01987 by William Barden Jr., Inc. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. Reproduction or use, without express permission, of editorial or pictorial content, in any manner, is prohibited. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: XX-XXXXX Radio Listener's Guide T Table of Contents Section I World of the BBC, Radio Moscow, Police Calls, Aircraft Communications, and Hams Chapter 1. Radio—What Is It' Generating Radio Waves—The Radio Spectrum—Radio Equipment and Frequencies—Band Use—How Radio Waves Travel—Radio Licenses and Listening—Subbands and Channels—Radio Equipment Chapter 2. Types of Broadcasting Voice Communication—Code Transmission—Teleprinter Transmission— Facsimile Transmission—Slow-Scan Television—Fast-Scan Television — Repeaters— Portable Phones—Satellite Reception—Transmitting Power Chapter 3. Shortwave Broadcasters Frequency Assignments—The European Long-Wave Band—The AM Broadcast Band—Tropical Broadcasting-49- and 41-Meter Bands-31- and 25-Meter Bands—Above the 25-Meter Band—A Typical Listening Session—Logging Foreign Stations—Foreign Broadcast lnformation—QSL Cards Chapter 4. Other Types of Broadcasting in the Lower Frequencies Transmissions Below the AM Broadcast Band—The AM Broadcast Band— Portable Phones—Marine Transmissions—CW Transmissions—Radio Teleprinter—Single Sideband—Time and Frequency Signals—Weather Maps by Facsimile—Citizen's Band Frequencies—The Russian Woodpecker—Pirate and Clandestine Stations Chapter 5.