DOCSLIB.ORG

Contribution of Cattle Breeds to Household Livelihoods and Food Security in Southern Mali

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Contribution of Cattle Breeds to Household Livelihoods and Food Security in Southern Mali Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics Contribution of cattle breeds to household livelihoods and food security in southern Mali Sékou Amadou Traoré University of Hohenheim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute) Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics Prof. Dr. Anne Valle Zárate Contribution of cattle breeds to household livelihoods and food security in southern Mali Dissertation Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften” (Dr.sc.agr.) to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Hohenheim Presented by: Sékou Amadou Traoré Born in Niono, Mali Stuttgart-Hohenheim, 2017 This thesis was accepted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften, Dr.sc.agr.” by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Hohenheim on 30th May 2017 Date of oral examination: 4th August 2017 Examination Committee Supervisor and Reviewer: Prof. Dr. Anne Valle Zárate Co-reviewer: Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Piepho Additional Examiner: Prof. Dr. Regina Birner Chairman of the examination committee Prof. Dr. Markus Rodehutscord DECLARATION I hereby declare that this doctoral thesis is a result of my personal work and that no other than the indicated aids have been used for its completion. All quotations and statements that have been inferred literally or in a general manner from published or unpublished sources are marked as such. Furthermore, I assure that the work has not been used, neither completely nor in part, for achieving any other academic degree. Sékou Amadou Traoré, Stuttgart-Hohenheim ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to thank my supervisor, Professor Dr. Anne Valle Zárate, for offering me the opportunity to work on this interesting topic, and for her great support throughout my whole study period. Her advice and constructive criticism have been of great value in shaping this thesis. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my mentor, Dr. Christoph Reiber, for the time he dedicated to this work, and for giving me constant advice and critical comments. His door has been always open to answer my many questions. I sincerely thank Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Piepho, for his willingness to be a co-reviewer, and Prof. Dr. Regina Birner, for her readiness to be an additional examiner. I am very grateful to Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Piepho for his suggestions for the statistical analysis and his almost instant feedback to my questions. I thank Prof. Dr. Regina Birner and Prof. Dr. Manfred Zeller for being co-supervisors within the framework of the International PhD Programme of the University of Hohenheim and for providing me with advice and suggestions at various stages of my research. I gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and the Foundation Fiat Panis. I would also like to thank Dr. Abdou Fall, from the International Livestock Research Institute, for his advice at the early stages of my research, and Dr. Ousmane Traoré, co-ordinator of the Regional Project for Sustainable Management of Endemic Ruminant Livestock in West Africa, for providing me with the technical assistance required for my fieldwork. I would additionally like to thank Dr. Philipp Muth, Dr. Bekele Mergessa and Dr. André Markemann, for their constructive discussions and advise for statistical analysis. I also give many thanks to Katharine Cresswell Riol for her help in proofreading this thesis and manuscript. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my fellow students and colleagues within the department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics for their encouragement, assistance and friendship. Finally, I want to thank my family for their encouragement and support throughout the whole process of my thesis, especially my father, Dr. Adama Traoré. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ i TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................. vii LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................ viii 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and research objectives ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Study area and methodology ....................................................................................... 5 1.3 Structure of the thesis .................................................................................................. 8 1.4 References .................................................................................................................... 9 2 PRODUCTION OBJECTIVES, TRAIT AND BREED PREFERENCES OF FARMERS KEEPING N’DAMA, FULANI ZEBU AND CROSSBRED CATTLE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR BREEDING PROGRAMS ......................................................... 13 2.1 Abstract ...................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 15 2.3 Materials and methods ............................................................................................... 16 2.3.1 Study area ........................................................................................................... 16 2.3.2 Sampling ............................................................................................................. 17 2.3.3 Data collection .................................................................................................... 17 2.3.4 Data analysis ....................................................................................................... 18 2.4 Results........................................................................................................................ 19 2.4.1 Household characteristics ................................................................................... 19 2.4.2 Production objectives ......................................................................................... 20 2.4.3 Trait preferences ................................................................................................. 21 2.4.4 Breed preferences, aptitude and trends ............................................................... 22 2.5 Discussion .................................................................................................................. 25 2.5.1 Farmers’ production objectives and trait preferences ........................................ 25 2.5.2 Farmers’ breed preferences ................................................................................ 26 2.5.3 Implications for breeding strategies ................................................................... 27 2.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 29 2.7 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................... 29 ii 2.8 References .................................................................................................................. 30 3 PRODUCTIVE AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF ENDEMIC N’DAMA CATTLE IN SOUTHERN MALI COMPARED TO FULANI ZEBU AND THEIR CROSSBREDS ................................................................................................................. 34 3.1 Abstract ...................................................................................................................... 35 3.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 36 3.3 Materials and methods ............................................................................................... 37 3.3.1 Study area and sampling ..................................................................................... 37 3.3.2 Household survey ............................................................................................... 38 3.3.3 Individual cow performances ............................................................................. 38 3.3.4 Economic performances ..................................................................................... 38 3.3.5 Data analyses ...................................................................................................... 40 3.4 Results........................................................................................................................ 42 3.4.1 Household characteristics ................................................................................... 42 3.4.2 Cattle management ............................................................................................. 43 3.4.3 Productive performance ..................................................................................... 44 3.4.3.1 Individual cow performance ..........................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FINAL REPORT Quantitative Instrument to Measure Commune
    FINAL REPORT Quantitative Instrument to Measure Commune Effectiveness Prepared for United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Mali Mission, Democracy and Governance (DG) Team Prepared by Dr. Lynette Wood, Team Leader Leslie Fox, Senior Democracy and Governance Specialist ARD, Inc. 159 Bank Street, Third Floor Burlington, VT 05401 USA Telephone: (802) 658-3890 FAX: (802) 658-4247 in cooperation with Bakary Doumbia, Survey and Data Management Specialist InfoStat, Bamako, Mali under the USAID Broadening Access and Strengthening Input Market Systems (BASIS) indefinite quantity contract November 2000 Table of Contents ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................... i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................... ii 1 INDICATORS OF AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNE............................................... 1 1.1 THE DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE..............................................1 1.2 THE EFFECTIVE COMMUNE: A DEVELOPMENT HYPOTHESIS..........................................2 1.2.1 The Development Problem: The Sound of One Hand Clapping ............................ 3 1.3 THE STRATEGIC GOAL – THE COMMUNE AS AN EFFECTIVE ARENA OF DEMOCRATIC LOCAL GOVERNANCE ............................................................................4 1.3.1 The Logic Underlying the Strategic Goal........................................................... 4 1.3.2 Illustrative Indicators: Measuring Performance at the
    [Show full text]
  • Production Objectives, Trait Preference and Breed Preference of Cattle
    University of Hohenheim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute) Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics Prof. Dr. Anne Valle Zárate Contribution of cattle breeds to household livelihoods and food security in southern Mali Dissertation Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften” (Dr.sc.agr.) to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Hohenheim Presented by: Sékou Amadou Traoré Born in Niono, Mali Stuttgart-Hohenheim, 2017 Chapter 6 General Summary 6 GENERAL SUMMARY In recent decades, there has been a rapid shift in livestock breeds used in developing countries due to global drivers, such as an increasing demand for livestock products and market- oriented production, as well as technological and environmental changes. Local breeds are increasingly being replaced by exotic breeds, leading to a loss of genetic resources. The introduction of more productive but less adapted exotic livestock breeds might offer opportunities. However, it may also pose threats to the livelihoods of poor farmers. In southern Mali, where cattle play an important role in the livelihoods of rural households, the endemic trypanotolerant N’Dama cattle, which had been the only breed present in this area for long time, are increasingly replaced and crossbred with the larger and more milk yielding trypano-susceptible Fulani Zebu. Thus, the N’Dama cattle face serious threats of genetic erosion, despite their adaptive attributes. A systematic comparison of the endemic N’Dama cattle, Fulani Zebu cattle and their crosses under the same farming conditions in western Africa is required to reveal whether farmers benefit from the introduction of Fulani Zebu cattle or are negatively affected by the replacement of N’Dama purebreds.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimation and Cartography of the Evapotranspiration from the Data AATSR in Sudano–Sahelian Environment: Case Study of Kolondièba-Tiendaga Basin (Mali)
    DAOU Ibrahima, MARIKO Adama, RASMUS Fensholt, MENENTI Massimo, KOUROSH Khoshelham, MBOW Cheickh, DIALLO Drissa / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1193-1200 Estimation and cartography of the evapotranspiration from the data AATSR in Sudano–sahelian environment: case study of Kolondièba-Tiendaga basin (Mali) DAOU Ibrahima.1 MARIKO Adama.2 RASMUS Fensholt.3, MENENTI Massimo.4, KOUROSH Khoshelham.4, MBOW Cheickh.5, DIALLO Drissa.1 1. University of Bamako, Faculty of Science and Techniques (FAST), Mali 2. National Engineering school-Aberhamane Baba Touré of Bamako, Mali 3. University of Geography and Geology of Copenhague, Denmark 4. Delft University of Technology, Department and flesh, Remote Sensing optical and laser Remote sensing, Netherlands. 5. University of Cheick Anta Diop (UCAD), Laboratory of Education and Research in Geomatics Abstract Information on the space and temporal variation of the evapotranspiration on a basin I Introduction area is of capital importance in many The estimation by remote sensing of the environmental disciplines, such as hydrology, corresponding evapotranspiration (to the latent agriculture, integrated management of the water flux of heat) is based on the evaluation of the resources, meteorology, etc. Moreover, this energy balance of surface through several information plays a crucial part in the processes properties of surface, such as the albedo of surface, of interaction between the hydrosphere- the temperature of surface, the vegetation index Biosphere-Atmosphere, and water cycle. The (LAI, FCover, NDVI) and meteorological data[7]. evapotranspiration can be measured through The measure continues and the spatial variation of two approaches (conventional or traditional and the evapotranspiration, at various scales (ladders) remote sensing approaches).
    [Show full text]
  • Annuaire Statistique 2015 Du Secteur Développement Rural
    MINISTERE DE L’AGRICULTURE REPUBLIQUE DU MALI ----------------- Un Peuple - Un But – Une Foi SECRETARIAT GENERAL ----------------- ----------------- CELLULE DE PLANIFICATION ET DE STATISTIQUE / SECTEUR DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL Annuaire Statistique 2015 du Secteur Développement Rural Juin 2016 1 LISTE DES TABLEAUX Tableau 1 : Répartition de la population par région selon le genre en 2015 ............................................................ 10 Tableau 2 : Population agricole par région selon le genre en 2015 ........................................................................ 10 Tableau 3 : Répartition de la Population agricole selon la situation de résidence par région en 2015 .............. 10 Tableau 4 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par sexe en 2015 ................................. 11 Tableau 5 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par Région en 2015 ...................................... 11 Tableau 6 : Population agricole par tranche d'âge et selon la situation de résidence en 2015 ............. 12 Tableau 7 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 ..................................................... 15 Tableau 8 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 (suite) ................................... 16 Tableau 9 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par mois 2015 ........................................................................................ 17 Tableau 10 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par station en 2015 et sa comparaison à
    [Show full text]
  • Programme National De Developpement Des Plateformes Multifonctionnelles Pour La Lutte Contre La Pauvrete 2017 - 2021
    MINISTERE DE LA PROMOTION DE LA FEMME RÉPUBLIQUE DU MALI DE L’ENFANT ET DE LA FAMILLE UN PEUPLE – UN BUT – UNE FOI * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * SECRETARIAT GENERAL PROGRAMME NATIONAL DE DEVELOPPEMENT DES PLATEFORMES MULTIFONCTIONNELLES POUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA PAUVRETE 2017 - 2021 Durée : 5 ans (2017 - 2021) Couverture géographique : Territoire National Coût de réalisation: 55 497 925 000 FCFA • Contribution du gouvernement : 8 558 525 000 FCFA • Contribution des bénéficiaires : 2 500 000 000 FCFA • Financements et Partenariats à rechercher : 44 439 400 000 FCFA Novembre 2016 Table des matières Sigles et Abréviations .......................................................................................................................................... 4 RESUME DU PROGRAMME ................................................................................................................... 6 Résumé exécutif .................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2. Problématiques et enjeux ......................................................................................................................... 13 1.3. Objectifs de développement et cadrage politique .................................................................................... 14 II. STRATEGIES ET POLITIQUES NATIONALES ET SECTORIELLES ........................................................................... 15 2.1. Stratégies et Politiques nationales ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • M600kv1905mlia1l-Mliadm22303-Sikasso.Pdf (Français)
    ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! RÉGION DE SIKASSO - MALI ! ! Map No: MLIADM22303 N'Ga!ssola Yang!asso ! ! ! ! 8°0'W Keninkou 7°0'W Diaforongo 6°0'W 5°0'W Koulala Sourountouna Sanékuy Torodo Baraouéli Diéna ! ! ! Kazangasso ! Niamana Sobala Diéli ! N N ' Mandiakuy ' 0 0 ° ° 3 3 1 Bossofola Yéelekebougou ! 1 ! Kal!aké ! Tiémena Kéme!ni ! Sanando Niala Bla Kalifabougou ! ! Nafadie ! ! Dougouolo ! Karaba Kagoua ! Konobougou Falo Dioundiou Baoulé Diakourouna Nerissso ! ! ! Konkankan ! Diora Koulikoro Gouni S É G O U Somasso Samabogo ! RÉGINOég!ueNla DE SIKASSO P ! Waki 1 ! ! ! Negala Guinina Diaramana Kimparana Begu! ené ^ National Capital Route Pr!incipale ! ! Kambila Dio Gare Gouendo ! M!afouné ! Fana ! Diago ! Safo Talikourou P Chef-lieu Région Rou!te Secondaire Tingolé ! Nianaso! ! Koloni Dombila Kati Kérela Toko!unko ! ! Tienfala ! ! Debéla Baramana Chef-lieu Cercle Tertiary ! ! ! Toura-Kalanga Dialakorodji ! ! Marka-Coungo Kia ! ! ! Chef-lieu Commune FrDoonutibèarbeo Iungteorunationale ! ! ! Tyenfala Sountiani M'Pebougou Pegu!éna Fonfona ! ! Nangola ! ! Kore ! ! ! ! ! ! ! B!ongosso Moribila-Kagoua Kinikai Village Limite Région ! ! ! Toukoro M'Pessoba Zoumanabougou ^ Miéna Dogodouma ! ! Limite Cercle ! M'Pedougou Kenyebaoulé Aéroport ! ! Zan!soni 7 Gouala!bougou ! Wacoro N'Tagonasso ! ! ! M’Pessoba Ou!la ! Faya ! Tasso Fleuve Bamako Baramba ! Koumbia ! ! Sirababougou ! Zone Marécageuse ! Karagouana Mallé! Daboni ! Dandougou N'Tongo!losso ! Kouniana N'Pa!nafa Nien!esso Forêts Classées ! Ouenzzindougou ! K O U L I K O R O ! Bobola-Zangasso ! Lac Kolomosso ! Dorokouma ! Torosogoba Sinde ! 7 ! Bamana N'Tossoni Sorob!asso Djigo!uala Sirake!lé Mountougoula ! ! Ko!un Bele!koro ! Kiffosso 1 Beleko Soba Togobabougou Zangorola Cette carte a été réalisée selon le découpage adminisMtraotnift sd uM Maanldi iàn pgauretisr des ! ! Kon!ina ! Hamidou Goita Dioila ! Gouama Sogotila Famessasso Beledo!ugou ! données de la Direction Nationale des Collectivités Territoriales (DNCT).
    [Show full text]
  • MINISTERE DE L'environnement REPUBLIQUE DU MALI ET DE L
    MINISTERE DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT REPUBLIQUE DU MALI ET DE l’ASSAINISSEMENT UN PEUPLE/UN BUT/UNE FOI DIRECTION NATIONALE DES EAUX ET FORETS SYSTEME D’INFORMATION FORESTIER (SIFOR) SITUATION DES FOYERS DE FEUX DU 24 AU 26 JANVIER 2012 SELON LE SATTELITE MODIS Latitudes Longitudes Villages Communes Cercles Régions 11.5010000000 -8.4430000000 Bingo Tagandougou Yanfolila Sikasso 11.2350000000 -7.7150000000 Nianguela Kouroumini Bougouni Sikasso 10.3860000000 -8.0030000000 Ouroudji Gouandiaka Yanfolila Sikasso 13.5840000000 -10.3670000000 Oualia Oualia Bafoulabé Kayes 13.7530000000 -11.8310000000 Diangounte Sadiola Kayes 13.7500000000 -11.8160000000 12.8310000000 -9.1160000000 12.9870000000 -11.4000000000 Sakola Sitakily Kéniéba Kayes 12.9400000000 -11.1280000000 Gouluodji Baye Kéniéba 12.9370000000 -11.1100000000 12.9330000000 -11.1170000000 12.6190000000 -10.2700000000 Kouroukoto Kouroukoto Kéniéba Kayes 12.4730000000 -9.4420000000 Kamita Gadougou2 Kita Kayes 12.4690000000 -9.4490000000 12.1210000000 -8.4200000000 Ouoronina Bancoumana Kati Koulikoro 12.1090000000 -8.4270000000 12.3920000000 -10.4770000000 Madina Talibé Sagalo 12.4750000000 -11.0340000000 Koulia Faraba 12.4720000000 -11.0160000000 12.2010000000 -10.6680000000 Sagalo Sagalo 12.1980000000 -10.6480000000 Kéniéba Kayes 12.1990000000 -10.6550000000 12.4560000000 -10.9730000000 Koulia Faraba 12.4530000000 -11.0060000000 12.4670000000 -10.9820000000 13.2250000000 -10.2620000000 Manatali Bamafélé Bafoulabé Kayes 13.2340000000 -10.2350000000 Toumboubou Oualia 13.2300000000 -10.2710000000
    [Show full text]
  • Mali Africa RISING Baseline Evaluation Survey - 2014
    Mali Africa RISING Baseline Evaluation Survey - 2014 CONSENT FORM My name is ____ and I work for a research program, called Africa Research in Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation -Africa RISING-, which aims to alleviate hunger and poverty by increasing agricultural productivity. Your household is one of the over 600 households in southern Mali selected to be interviewed now and at the end of the program (after three years). Data collected from study households like yours will be used to determine and understand major constraints and opportunities for improving livelihood. Analysis of baseline and follow-up data will allow the research team to assess the effect of the Program on the livelihood of beneficiary farmers and help identify successful agricultural technologies and practices. Data to be collected from you will be coded and will be kept strictly confidential. All household identifying information will be held in strict confidence and used only for research purposes. No identifying information (e.g., respondent name) will appear in data report. Participation in this interview is voluntary and you may refuse to participate, discontinue the interview at any time, or skip any question you do not want to answer with no penalty or loss of benefits to which you are otherwise entitled. You are allowed to ask questions concerning the research, both before agreeing to participate in the interview, during, and after the interview. As head of the household or spouse of the head, I would like to ask you questions mainly about agricultural activities and consumption. I will also need to ask other household members about health status and labor, as well as measure the weight and height of all women of reproductive age and children under 5 years old.
    [Show full text]
  • First Mali Report on the Implementation of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
    Republic of Mali One People – One Goal – One Faith FIRST MALI REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON THE RIGHTS AND WELFARE OF THE CHILD FOR THE 1999 – 2006 PERIOD Bamako, September 2007 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AN-RM National Assembly of the Republic of Mali. PTA Parents-Teachers Association ARV Anti- Retroviral ASACO Association de Santé Communautaire (Community Health Association) CAFO Coordination of Associations and Women NGOs of Mali CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child CED Centre d’Education pour le Développement (Education Centre for Development) CESC Economic, Social and Cultural Council CNAPN Comité National d’Action pour l’Eradication des Pratiques Néfastes à la santé de la Femme et de l’Enfant (National Action Committee for the Eradication of Harmful Practices on the Health of the Women and the Child) CNDIFE Centre National de Documentation et d’Information sur la Femme et l’Enfant. (National Documentation and Information Centre on the Woman and the Child) COMADE Coalition Malienne des Droits de l’Enfant (Malian Coalition for the Right of the Child) CPE Code for the Protection of the Child CSCOM Centre de Santé Communautaire (Community Health Centre) CSLP Poverty Alleviation Strategic Framework DNPF National Department of Women Empowerment. DNPEF National Department for the Promotion of the Child and the Family DNSI National Department of Statistics and Data Processing EDS III Population and Health Survey of Mali 2001 HCCT High Council of Territorial Councils IMAARV Malian Initiative for Access to Anti-Retrovirals
    [Show full text]
  • GE84/210 BR IFIC Nº 2747 Section Spéciale Special Section Sección
    Section spéciale Index BR IFIC Nº 2747 Special Section GE84/210 Sección especial Indice International Frequency Information Circular (Terrestrial Services) ITU - Radiocommunication Bureau Circular Internacional de Información sobre Frecuencias (Servicios Terrenales) UIT - Oficina de Radiocomunicaciones Circulaire Internationale d'Information sur les Fréquences (Services de Terre) UIT - Bureau des Radiocommunications Date/Fecha : 25.06.2013 Expiry date for comments / Fecha limite para comentarios / Date limite pour les commentaires : 03.10.2013 Description of Columns / Descripción de columnas / Description des colonnes Intent Purpose of the notification Propósito de la notificación Objet de la notification 1a Assigned frequency Frecuencia asignada Fréquence assignée 4a Name of the location of Tx station Nombre del emplazamiento de estación Tx Nom de l'emplacement de la station Tx B Administration Administración Administration 4b Geographical area Zona geográfica Zone géographique 4c Geographical coordinates Coordenadas geográficas Coordonnées géographiques 6a Class of station Clase de estación Classe de station 1b Vision / sound frequency Frecuencia de portadora imagen/sonido Fréquence image / son 1ea Frequency stability Estabilidad de frecuencia Stabilité de fréquence 1e carrier frequency offset Desplazamiento de la portadora Décalage de la porteuse 7c System and colour system Sistema de transmisión / color Système et système de couleur 9d Polarization Polarización Polarisation 13c Remarks Observaciones Remarques 9 Directivity Directividad
    [Show full text]
  • PROGRAMME ATPC Cartographie Des Interventions
    PROGRAMME ATPC Cartographie des interventions Agouni !( Banikane !( TOMBOUCTOU Rharous ! Ber . !( Essakane Tin AÎcha !( Tombouctou !( Minkiri Madiakoye H! !( !( Tou!(cabangou !( Bintagoungou M'bouna Bourem-inaly !( !( Adarmalane Toya !( !( Aglal Raz-el-ma !( !( Hangabera !( Douekire GOUNDAM !( Garbakoira !( Gargando Dangha !( !( G!(ou!(ndam Sonima Doukouria Kaneye Tinguereguif Gari !( .! !( !( !( !( Kirchamba TOMBOUCTOU !( MAURITANIE Dire .! !( HaÏbongo DIRE !( Tonka Tindirma !( !( Sareyamou !( Daka Fifo Salakoira !( GOURMA-RHAROUS Kel Malha Banikane !( !( !( NIAFOUNKE Niafunke .! Soumpi Bambara Maoude !( !( Sarafere !( KoumaÏra !( Dianke I Lere !( Gogui !( !( Kormou-maraka !( N'gorkou !( N'gouma Inadiatafane Sah !( !( !( Ambiri !( Gathi-loumo !( Kirane !( Korientze Bafarara Youwarou !( Teichibe !( # YOUWAROU !( Kremis Guidi-sare !( Balle Koronga .! !( Diarra !( !( Diona !( !( Nioro Tougoune Rang Gueneibe Nampala !( Yerere Troungoumbe !( !( Ourosendegue !( !( !( !( Nioro Allahina !( Kikara .! Baniere !( Diaye Coura !( # !( Nara Dogo Diabigue !( Gavinane Guedebin!(e Korera Kore .! Bore Yelimane !( Kadiaba KadielGuetema!( !( !( !( Go!(ry Youri !( !( Fassoudebe Debere DOUENTZA !( .! !( !( !(Dallah Diongaga YELIMANE Boulal Boni !( !(Tambacara !( !( Takaba Bema # # NIORO !( # Kerena Dogofiry !( Dialloube !( !( Fanga # Dilly !( !( Kersignane !( Goumbou # KoubewelDouentza !( !( Aourou !( ## !( .! !( # K#onna Borko # # #!( !( Simbi Toguere-coumbe !( NARA !( Dogani Bere Koussane # !( !( # Dianwely-maounde # NIONO # Tongo To !( Groumera Dioura
    [Show full text]
  • PROMISAM Final Technical Report, Covering the Period
    Présidence de la APCAM/MSU/USAID République Projet de Mobilisation des Commissariat à la Initiatives en matière de Sécurité Alimentaire au Mali Sécurité Alimentaire (PROMISAM) PROMISAM PROJECT TO MOBILIZE FOOD SECURITY INITIATIVES IN MALI (Projet de Mobilisation des Initiatives en Matière de Sécurité Alimentaire au Mali) http://www.aec.msu.edu/agecon/fs2/mali_fd_strtgy/index.htm Final Technical Report, covering the period October 2004 – December 2007 Bamako – March 2008 This report was prepared by John Staatz, Niama Nango Dembélé, Abdramane Traoré and Valerie Kelly. PROMISAM Bamako Office ACI 2000, rue 339, porte 158 Hamdallaye Bamako, Mali Tel.: +223 222 34 19 Fax: +223 223 34 82 Name Position Email Nango Dembélé Director, COP [email protected] Abdramane Traore Project Assistant [email protected] Maïmouna Traore Admin. Asst./ Accountant [email protected] Office in the US: Department of Agricultural Economics Michigan State University 202 Agriculture Hall East Lansing, MI 48824-1039 Tel.: +1-517-355-1519 Fax: +1-517-432-1800 Contact Persons Position Email John Staatz Co-Director & Professor [email protected] Valerie Kelly Associate Professor, International Development [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary...................................................................................................................... ii 1. Background and Objectives .................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and Context ...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]