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MEDIA REPORT Changing Perceptions Through Television, the Rise of Social Media and Our Media Adventure in the Last Decade 2008 - 2018

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MEDIA REPORT Changing Perceptions Through Television, the Rise of Social Media and Our Media Adventure in the Last Decade 2008 - 2018 KONDA MEDIA REPORT Changing Perceptions Through Television, The Rise of Social Media and Our Media Adventure in the Last Decade 2008 - 2018 November 2019 KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 2 / 76 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 5 2. CHANGING PERCEPTIONS THROUGH TELEVISION AND OUR DECENNIAL MEDIA ADVENTURE .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Relations with Technology / Internet Perception / Concern About Social Media ......... 7 2.2. Trust in Television News ................................................................................................ 11 2.3. Closed World Perception and Echo Chamber............................................................... 19 2.4. The State of Being a Television Society and Changing Perceptions ........................... 20 2.5. Our Changing World Perception Based on the Cultivation Theory .............................. 22 3. SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE IN THE LAST DECADE ............................................................. 27 4. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 29 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 31 6. RESEARCH ID .............................................................................................................. 33 7. APPENDIX 1: SOCIAL MEDIA USER PROFILES IN YEARS ............................................ 35 7.1. WhatsApp ........................................................................................................................ 36 7.2. Instagram ........................................................................................................................ 38 7.3. YouTube .......................................................................................................................... 40 7.4. Facebook ........................................................................................................................ 42 7.5. Twitter.............................................................................................................................. 44 8. APPENDIX 2: AUDIENCE PROFILES OF THE CHANNELS TO FOLLOW NEWS OVER THE YEARS ............................................................................................................................ 47 8.1. Kanal D ........................................................................................................................... 49 8.2. ATV ................................................................................................................................. 51 8.3. Samanyolu ...................................................................................................................... 53 8.4. Star TV ............................................................................................................................. 55 8.5. TRT ................................................................................................................................. 57 8.6. Show TV ........................................................................................................................... 59 8.7. Kanal 7 ............................................................................................................................ 61 8.8. NTV ................................................................................................................................. 64 8.9. Habertürk ........................................................................................................................ 66 8.10. Fox TV ...................................................................................................................... 68 8.11. CNN Türk ................................................................................................................. 71 8.12. A Haber.................................................................................................................... 73 8.13. Halk TV .................................................................................................................... 75 KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 3 / 76 KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 4 / 76 1. INTRODUCTION Prof. Dr. Aslı TUNÇ, İstanbul Bilgi University Faculty of Communication For a social scientist, the possibility of comparing data at both ends of a decade is extremely exciting; especially in a country that is dynamic and experiencing rapid social change and political turmoil in demographic terms such as Turkey. Who are we? Lifestyles Research, which was conducted by KONDA for the Hürriyet newspaper on April 5-6, 2008 was prepared in a time period when the Internet was beginning to take off; the e-memorandum took place; the ownership structure was constantly changing in the media; newspapers, radios and television were changing hands; and that politics was the main formative of the media sector was an unchanging fact. Channels such as NTV and CNN Türk were going through their golden age in the context of television journalism; the number of radios surged while their contents were diversified and in terms of digital broadcasting, platforms such as D-Smart were entering the world of media. In our recent media history, there are numerous studies examining the relationship between political establishment and media on a macro level and presenting deep analyses in the context of the political economy of media (Adaklı, 2006; Sözeri, 2015; Sözeri & Güney, 2015; Tunç, 2015). However, the written, visual and digital media consumer's approach to these structural changes in the context of daily use practices is based on the media audience/news consumer research, which must be long-term and data- driven. How has the approach to news media, trust in the media, approach to the television and internet changed between the years 2008-2018? Conducted on 31 March-1 April 2018 by interviewing 5793 people in 36 provinces of Turkey, The Lifestyles research measures people's lifestyles, values and ideas about different issues and provides us with valuable data on media usage habits, relations with technology, trust and mistrust towards the news media across Turkey. The findings of other research conducted by KONDA in August 2008, January 2011, April 2014, February 2015, April 2016, January 2018 and April 2018 further enrich and stratify the ten-year media comparison. This report aims to interpret the findings of these studies by using a theoretical framework. KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 5 / 76 KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 6 / 76 2. CHANGING PERCEPTIONS THROUGH TELEVISION AND OUR DECENNIAL MEDIA ADVENTURE 2.1. Relations with Technology / Internet Perception / Concern About Social Media In both surveys conducted in 2008 and 2018, the findings of whether new technologies positively contributed to personal lives have not significantly changed over the decade. In 2008, 73.4 percent of the respondents stated that new technologies made a positive contribution to their lives, while 20 percent remained neutral. In 2018, the positive opinion was at 73 percent and the neutral approach was at 17.4 percent. In the Barometer surveys that measure the voter tendencies in January 2011 and April 2016, which coincides with this decade, the rate of those who said that the internet brings harm to the society is 41.8 percent in 2011 and the rate of those who remained neutral is 29.2 percent. In 2016, the rate of those who stated that the internet harms has decreased to 38 percent, while the rate of abstainers has been 27.3 percent with a slight decrease. The rate of those who disagree with this view, in other words those who believe in the social benefit of the Internet, rose to 29 percent in 2011 and 34.6 percent in 2016. I believe that new technologies will make a positive contribution to my life. March'18 3 7 17 52 21 April'08 1 5 20 56 18 0% 50% 100% Absolutely false False Neither true nor false True Absolutely true I believe that Internet brings harm rather than good to the society. Janury 2011 7 22 29 33 9 April 2016 23 11 27 13 25 0% 50% 100% Absolutely false False Neither true nor false True Absolutely true The fact that the belief in the social benefits of the Internet has increased slightly in 2011-2016 and that the positive view of technology did not change for ten years is in parallel with the increase in mobile phones, computers and household appliances used in daily life. Individuals’ lives have been facilitated by the help of technology, and communication technologies have, to a large extent, become a part of daily life. However, when it comes to the content and intended use of media technologies, we observe concerns in the findings. The tendency to approach the Internet with suspicion is in line with the belief that transactions made over the Internet are unsafe. KONDA Lifestyle Survey 2018 7 / 76 In the 2018 Lifestyles survey, more than half (51.3 percent) of the interviewees stated that shopping on the Internet was unsafe. The rate of those who remained neutral is 31.3 percent, while 17.4 percent consider online shopping as secure. The limited practice of online food shopping in support of this data is noteworthy. While 85.8 percent never make food purchases over the internet, those who give this response for internet banking are 60.6 percent. It would not be wrong to say that the
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