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The Relationship Between Acculturation and Psychological Well-Being with Stress As the Moderator: a Study of Indian Women in Taiwan

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The Relationship Between Acculturation and Psychological Well-Being with Stress As the Moderator: a Study of Indian Women in Taiwan The Relationship between Acculturation and Psychological Well-being with Stress as the Moderator: A Study of Indian Women in Taiwan by Swapna Vedulla A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Advisor: Wei- Wen Chang, Ph. D. Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Development National Taiwan Normal University Taipei, Taiwan July, 2019 ABSTRACT An international women residing abroad is a difficult undertaking, wherein stress, wellbeing and acculturation are almost always an essential part of their experience. Particularly, the women of any Indian individuals have very challenging believes and values when come in contact with people of different countries. Besides adjusting to a new physical environment, individuals must also need to make psychological adjustments. In the present study, we seasoned theoretically and empirically, the connection between acculturation and psychological well-being (PWB) of an Indian women residing in Taiwan using the moderating effect of an acculturative stress (AS). Survey data from 163 valid Indian women sample were subjected to path analyses. The quantitative study was commenced by designing the questionnaire in order to cover certain aspects like safety, loneliness, stress, racial discriminations, psychological adjustments, well-being etc. And, the analysis for the obtained data was done by using SPSS, and SPSS AMOS statistics software. The obtained results revealed that, hypotheses 1 and 2 were fully supported to this study. In detail, CA and PWB were positive and significantly correlated towards each other. On the other hand, CA and AS had a significantly negative correlation towards each other However, Acculturative Stress doesn’t have any significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between acculturation and Psychological well-being. Thus, hypothesis 3 was not supported to the study. The study findings could be used as references for Taiwan government agencies to address and find better resolutions to the Indian women residing in Taiwan. On the other hand, for Indian women, it provides a better awareness and confidence to adopt any kind of circumstances. The Implications for the proposed theory, designed research, and the experienced practices are also discussed. Keywords: Indian women, acculturation, psychological well-being, acculturative stress. I TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I TABLE OF CONTENTS--------------------------------------------------------------- II LIST OF TABLES---------------------------------------------------------------------- III LIST OF FIGURES--------------------------------------------------------------------- IV CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION------------------------------------------------------ 1 Research Background----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Statement of the Problem------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Research Purpose and Questions---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 Significance of the Study------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Definitions of the Term--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW-----------------------------------------------------7 History of Indian Immigration to Taiwan------------------------------------------------------------ 8 Indian Women Immigration-------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 8 Acculturation-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Psychological Well-Being----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Acculturative Stress------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Relationship between the Variables------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY---------------------------------------- 17 Research Framework----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Research Approach------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Research Hypothesis----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Research Procedure------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Sample Population-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Research Instrument------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 Data Collection------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 Data Analysis-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 II Reliability Analysis------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS--------------------------------- 25 Descriptive Analysis------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)---------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Pearson’s Correlation Analysis----------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Hierarchical Regression Analyses-------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Discussions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS-------------------------- 44 Conclusion----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Implications---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Research Limitations------------------------------------------------------------------------------------47 Suggestions for Future Research---------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 REFERENCES-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRE----------------------------------------------------- 57 III LIST OF TABLES Table.3.1. Reliability Analysis of Each Variable---------------------------------------------------24 Table.4.1. Demographic Characteristics of the Sample-------------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.2. Descriptive Statistics for the Acculturation---------------------------------------------28 Table 4.3. Descriptive Statistics for the Psychological Well-Being------------------------------30 Table 4.4. Descriptive Statistics for the Acculturative Stress-------------------------------------30 Table.4.5. Reliability Analysis of Each Variable--------------------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.6. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Acculturation----------------------------------------34 Table 4.7. Model Fit Summary- Acculuration------------------------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.8 Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Psychological Well-Being--------------------------36 Table 4.9. Model Fit Summary -Psychological Well-Being--------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined. Table.4.10. Pearson Correlation Matrix among the Variables------------------------------------ Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.11.Summary of Hierarchical Regression Analyses for Moderating Effect of Acculturative Stress on the Acculturation and Psychological Well-Being---------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined. Table.4.12. Independent T-test Analysis-------------------------------------------------------------39 Table.4.13. One-way ANOVA ------------------------------------------------------------------------40 Table.4.14. Statistic Results of Research Hypotheses----------------------------------------------41 IV LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1. Research framework .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3.2. Research procedure ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.1. Confirmatory factor analysis model of acculturation . Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.2. Confirmatory factor analysis model of psychological well-beingError! Bookmark not defined. V CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION In this introduction section the researcher tries to discuss with the research background, the study purpose, sampling questions and the study significance. And also, it deals with the definitions of key terms to enhance the value of the study. The tremendous growth of the world wide immigrants to Taiwan, has led to increased interest to study the situations and circumstances faced after immigrating to the new country Taiwan. But here, the researchers wanted to examine the Indian immigrant women opinion rather than men, because, the belief and value of any Indian individuals particularly for women are very challenging when come in contact with people of different countries. Although, the social relations and social support are quiet essential for male and female migrants as well. It had found in recent research that the impact of social relations and societal support may be mainly critical for the adjusting capability of
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