Astronomy Educator Profiles
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Planetary Report Report
The PLANETARYPLANETARY REPORT REPORT Volume XXI Number 2 March/April 2001 Farewell, Mir Inside— The Planetary Society’s Cosmos 1: The First Solar Sail On the Cover: Volume XXI When Mir launched in February 1986, it was a show- Table of Number 2 case of Russian technology. But after 15 years of hard work, the aged space station has ended its run. Contents March/April 2001 This view of Mir over Earth’s blue skies was imaged during a fly-around by the space shuttle Atlantis follow- ing the joint docking activities between the two crews. Image: JSC/NASA Features Farewell to a Cold Warrior: Mir Station Obituary 4 As head of the Space Research Institute of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Roald Sagdeev was there at the birth of the Mir space station. As an adviser to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, he watched Mir’s changing role in international space policy. Then, after marrying From Susan Eisenhower, the American president’s granddaughter, he moved to the United States The and saw Mir from a different perspective. A member of The Planetary Society’s Board of Editor Directors, he shares with Society members his memories of the long-lived space station. 8 A Bold New Voyage: he Planetary Society is preparing to The Planetary Society Prepares to Fly a Solar Sail It’s the first time a membership organization has undertaken an actual space mission, and launch its first space mission: the T only The Planetary Society is audacious enough to do it. This is the story of how we plan to Cosmos 1 solar sail. -
Arxiv:2001.00125V1 [Astro-Ph.EP] 1 Jan 2020
Draft version January 3, 2020 Typeset using LATEX default style in AASTeX61 SIZE AND SHAPE CONSTRAINTS OF (486958) ARROKOTH FROM STELLAR OCCULTATIONS Marc W. Buie,1 Simon B. Porter,1 et al. 1Southwest Research Institute 1050 Walnut St., Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA To be submitted to Astronomical Journal, Version 1.1, 2019/12/30 ABSTRACT We present the results from four stellar occultations by (486958) Arrokoth, the flyby target of the New Horizons extended mission. Three of the four efforts led to positive detections of the body, and all constrained the presence of rings and other debris, finding none. Twenty-five mobile stations were deployed for 2017 June 3 and augmented by fixed telescopes. There were no positive detections from this effort. The event on 2017 July 10 was observed by SOFIA with one very short chord. Twenty-four deployed stations on 2017 July 17 resulted in five chords that clearly showed a complicated shape consistent with a contact binary with rough dimensions of 20 by 30 km for the overall outline. A visible albedo of 10% was derived from these data. Twenty-two systems were deployed for the fourth event on 2018 Aug 4 and resulted in two chords. The combination of the occultation data and the flyby results provides a significant refinement of the rotation period, now estimated to be 15.9380 ± 0.0005 hours. The occultation data also provided high-precision astrometric constraints on the position of the object that were crucial for supporting the navigation for the New Horizons flyby. This work demonstrates an effective method for obtaining detailed size and shape information and probing for rings and dust on distant Kuiper Belt objects as well as being an important source of positional data that can aid in spacecraft navigation that is particularly useful for small and distant bodies. -
+ New Horizons
Media Contacts NASA Headquarters Policy/Program Management Dwayne Brown New Horizons Nuclear Safety (202) 358-1726 [email protected] The Johns Hopkins University Mission Management Applied Physics Laboratory Spacecraft Operations Michael Buckley (240) 228-7536 or (443) 778-7536 [email protected] Southwest Research Institute Principal Investigator Institution Maria Martinez (210) 522-3305 [email protected] NASA Kennedy Space Center Launch Operations George Diller (321) 867-2468 [email protected] Lockheed Martin Space Systems Launch Vehicle Julie Andrews (321) 853-1567 [email protected] International Launch Services Launch Vehicle Fran Slimmer (571) 633-7462 [email protected] NEW HORIZONS Table of Contents Media Services Information ................................................................................................ 2 Quick Facts .............................................................................................................................. 3 Pluto at a Glance ...................................................................................................................... 5 Why Pluto and the Kuiper Belt? The Science of New Horizons ............................... 7 NASA’s New Frontiers Program ........................................................................................14 The Spacecraft ........................................................................................................................15 Science Payload ...............................................................................................................16 -
Publication in the Bulletin
Lunar and Planetary Information Bulletin July 2019 • Issue 157 Contents Featured Story From the Desk of Lori Glaze News From Space Meeting Highlights Spotlight on Education In Memoriam Milestones New and Noteworthy Calendar Featured Story Featured Story A Personal Journey to Ultima Thule: New Horizons in the Kuiper Belt As the New Horizons science team gathered in Laurel, Paul Schenk, Brian May, Joel Parker, and Andy Chaikin discuss a possible shape model for Ultima Thule, January 1, 2019. Credit: E. Whitman. Maryland, during the last week of 2018, many of us reflected back on a similar gathering three-and-a-half years earlier. In the summer of 2015, we all came together on a voyage of exploration to the planet Pluto and its moons. At that time, we didn’t know very much about our target, and this time we knew even less about “Ultima Thule,” a small, lonely 30-kilometer- wide object known as 2014 MU69 that was orbiting the Sun almost half a billion kilometers beyond Pluto. Unlike what we knew about Pluto, we did not even know Ultima Thule’s surface composition, its shape, or even the length of its day. We knew Ultima Thule was much smaller than — and hence would be a very different beast from — Pluto. So as the New Horizons team arrived at the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, to watch and enjoy the encounter sequence play out, we were completely in the dark. The only clues we had were stellar occultation observations of Ultima Thule from Argentina in 2017 that indicated it was elongate and might have either two separate or contacting lobes. -
New Horizons Ultima Thule Flyby Events
New Horizons Ultima Thule Flyby Events – Dec 31, 2018 – Jan 3, 2019 Event Date/Time Communications Event Speaker 31 Dec 12:00 PM K‐Center Opens at Noon Guest Ops team 1:00 Welcome Adrian Hill and VIP Welcome 1:05 The New Horizons Mission Alan Stern 1:25 What is the Kuiper Belt and what are Kuiper Belt Hal Weaver Objects 1:30 What We Know About MU69 – Ultima Thule Cathy Olkin 1:35 The Flyby of MU69 – Ultima Thule John Spencer NYE press 2:00 – 3:00 Daily media update on Webcast Mike Buckley; panel: Alan Stern, Helene Winters, John Spencer, Fred Pelletier. 3:15 ‐ 3:45 Flyby Ask Me Anything Webcast Moderator Adrian Hill; Panelists: Kelsi Singer; Alex Parker; Gabe Rogers 3:45 – 3:50 Song ‐ Acoustic Craig Werth – move to dining area 3:50 ‐ 4:45 Exploration for Kids Janet Ivey of Janet’s Planet ‐ dining area 4:45‐4:50 Closeout Afternoon 5:00 Doors Close for 2 hours – dinner break 7:00 PM K center reopens Kick off. 8:00 Welcome Adrian Hill and VIPs 8:10 Solar System Archaeology Ken Lacovara 8:15 NASA’s Study of Ancient Bodies. Small bodies mission panel. OSIRIS‐REx (Barnouin), Lucy (Levison), Psyche (Elkins), NH (Stern) *NASA Rep 9:00 Short break Transition to Guest ops. 9:15 Craig Werth Video Craig Werth 9:20 Doing Geology by Looking Up; Doing Walter Alvarez Astronomy by Looking Down 9:35 Pluto Flyby: Summer of 2015 Hal Weaver 9:50 Pluto and the Human Imagination David Grinspoon 10:10 Break 10:20 Meet the New Horizons Team Alan Stern and Helene Winters 10:30 Finding MU69 – Ultima Thule Marc Buie 10:45 MU69: What we expect to learn Panel: Silvia Protopapa, Hal Weaver, Cathy Olkin, John Spencer 11:00 The Eyes and Ears of New Horizons Kelsi Singer, Kirby Runyon. -
Comparative Kbology: Using Surface Spectra of Triton
COMPARATIVE KBOLOGY: USING SURFACE SPECTRA OF TRITON, PLUTO, AND CHARON TO INVESTIGATE ATMOSPHERIC, SURFACE, AND INTERIOR PROCESSES ON KUIPER BELT OBJECTS by BRYAN JASON HOLLER B.S., Astronomy (High Honors), University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 B.S., Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 M.S., Astronomy, University of Colorado, 2015 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences 2016 This thesis entitled: Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs written by Bryan Jason Holler has been approved for the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Dr. Leslie Young Dr. Fran Bagenal Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. ii ABSTRACT Holler, Bryan Jason (Ph.D., Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences) Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs Thesis directed by Dr. Leslie Young This thesis presents analyses of the surface compositions of the icy outer Solar System objects Triton, Pluto, and Charon. Pluto and its satellite Charon are Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) while Triton, the largest of Neptune’s satellites, is a former member of the KBO population. Near-infrared spectra of Triton and Pluto were obtained over the previous 10+ years with the SpeX instrument at the IRTF and of Charon in Summer 2015 with the OSIRIS instrument at Keck. -
Every Planet Is a Comet to a Space Physicist: from Jupiter to Pluto HAO
Fran Bagenal HAO Visiting University of Colorado Scientist 1987 - 1988 Every Planet is a Comet to a Space Physicist: From Jupiter to Pluto New Horizons! EARTH ! Side! Mission To Pluto !Juno Solar! Wind! Equatorial plane! Connected – Global circulation Polar view! to solar wind! driven by solar wind! – Coupled to the planet Closed magnetic – Large scale, quasi- field! static reconnection! Delamere & Bagenal 2010, 2013! – Io#=#primary# source# # –##Coupled#to# rota4ng#planet## Delamere & Bagenal The aurora is the signature 2010, 2013! of Jupiter’s attempt to spin up its magnetosphere –##Io#plasma# ejected#as# plasmoids# ?! # –##Boundary#layer# interac4on#via# small:scale# ?! intermi;ant# reconnec4on # SIDE VIEW Juno –##Minimal#solar# wind# Juno ionosphere# High-M coupling# A TOP VIEW solar wind EQUATORIAL # PLANE –##Viscous# boundary#layers# # High-β plasma TOP – Io plasma VIEW carried away ABOVE SHEATH Orbit insertion by solar wind# 4th July 2016 Juno Juno Juno passes directly through Juno passes directly through auroral field lines auroral field lines Measures particles precipitating Measures particles precipitatingIs Jupiter a into atmosphere creating aurora into atmosphere creating aurora colossal comet?? Plasma/radio waves reveal Plasma/radio waves reveal processes responsible for particle processes responsible for particle acceleration acceleration UV & IR images provides context UV & IR images provides context for in-situ observations for in-situ observations Juno’s orbit: perfect for exploring polar magnetosphere Juno’s orbit: perfect -
Space Telescope User's Committee Report
Space Telescope User’s Committee Report: Oct 2013 STUC Attendees: Marc Buie; Yo-Hua Chu; Annette Ferguson (Chair); Chris Howk; Giampaolo Piotto; Andrea Prestwich; Brian Siana (remote); David Sing; Ann ZabludoFF (remote) Meeting Dates: Oct 17/18 2013 Preamble: The STUC noted that this is a very good and stable period For the observatory, with instruments and operations running smoothly and eFFiciently. There is high scientific productivity (in part due to the Multi-Cycle Treasury and Frontier Fields programs), almost record demand For telescope time and exciting prospects For a continued role of HST in the JWST era (the “Hubble 2020 Vision”). The STUC heard of the potential for overlap in WFIRST AFTA and JWST operations; this was considered to be very desirable given the strong synergy of the two missions. Due to the recent government shutdown (which ended Oct 16), there were no presentations From staFF at GSFC. The effort made by several GSFC scientists to attend the meeting at short notice was much appreciated. The Frontier Fields Program: The First observations For the Frontier Fields program were taken during the meeting oF the STUC. The committee was impressed with the speed and organization oF the Frontier Field implementation, especially the timely release oF magniFication maps, as well as tools and inFormation For their use. The Institute should make a concerted eFFort to communicate relevant developments to the interested community, as there will surely be a lot oF interest. There is some concern that no organized eFFort is planned to assess the merit oF the various magniFication maps, which would aid the community in using them in a consistent and/or correct manner. -
The Long Duration New Horizons (NH) Mission to Pluto, Its
IAC-04-A.8.01 NEW HORIZONS MISSION TO PLUTO/CHARON: REDUCING COSTS OF A LONG-DURATION MISSION Alice F. Bowman Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD (USA) [email protected] Albert A. Chacos, Christopher C. DeBoy, R. Michael Furrow, Karl E. Whittenburg Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD (USA) [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The long-duration and long light-time delay of NASA’s planned New Horizons mission to Pluto, its moon Charon, and the extended mission to one or more Kuiper Belt Objects poses unique chal- lenges to mission operations, especially in this time of limited space exploration budgets. A num- ber of courses of action can be followed to reduce wear on Observatory hardware, reduce opera- tions staffing costs, and reduce Deep Space Network usage and costs without sacrificing the health and safety of the Observatory or risking the successful completion of the primary mission. Major components in this system are an autonomy subsystem that can react quickly enough to safe the Observatory when it is out of contact with the ground station; the use of a beacon to indi- cate the health of the Observatory during the dormant phases of the mission; command loading and verification strategies to accommodate the long light-time delays; and the combining of op- erations personnel to take advantage of similarities of Observatories, supporting ground station setup, and procedures. When planned early in the mission development phase, these compo- nents are easily integrated into the operations concept and Observatory hardware to form a co- hesive plan to mitigate cost and risk. -
Hubble Reveals Possible New Moons Around Pluto 31 October 2005
Hubble Reveals Possible New Moons Around Pluto 31 October 2005 taken in a single filter centered near 606 nanometers (yellow), so no color information is available for them. (Credit: NASA, ESA, H. Weaver (JHU/APL), A Stern (SwRI), and the Hubble Space Telescope Pluto Companion Search Team) "If, as our new Hubble images indicate, Pluto has not one, but two or three moons, it will become the first body in the Kuiper Belt known to have more than one satellite," said Hal Weaver of the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Md. He is co-leader of the team that made the discovery. Pluto was discovered in 1930. Charon, Pluto’s only confirmed moon, was discovered by ground-based observers in 1978. The planet resides 3 billion miles from the sun in the heart of the Kuiper Belt. "Our result suggests that other bodies in the Kuiper Belt may have more than one moon. It also means Using NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope to probe that planetary scientists will have to take these new the ninth planet in our solar system, astronomers moons into account when modeling the formation of discovered that Pluto may have not one, but three the Pluto system," said Alan Stern of the Southwest moons. Research Institute in Boulder, Colo. Stern is co- If confirmed, the discovery of the two new moons leader of the research team. could offer insights into the nature and evolution of the Pluto system, Kuiper Belt Objects with satellite The candidate moons, provisionally designated systems, and the early Kuiper Belt. The Kuiper Belt S/2005 P1 and S/2005 P2, were observed to be is a vast region of icy, rocky bodies beyond approximately 27,000 miles (44,000 kilometers) Neptune’s orbit. -
EGU2013-13786-1, 2013 EGU General Assembly 2013 © Author(S) 2013
Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-13786-1, 2013 EGU General Assembly 2013 © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Update on Pluto’s Tiniest Moons Mark Showalter (1), Harold Weaver (2), Marc Buie (3), Douglas Merline (4), Max Mutchler (3), Remi Soummer (5), Andrew Steffl (5), S. Alan Stern (3), Henry Throop (3), and Leslie Young (6) (1) SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, Mountain View, CA, United States, (2) Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, United States, (3) Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, United States, (4) University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States, (5) Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, (6) NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, United States We report on the discovery and subsequent analysis of "P5", Pluto1s fifth known moon (officially designated S/2012 (134340) 1), and also provide an update on the latest results for "P4" (S/2012 (134340) 1). P5 was discovered in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images from June and July 2012, and has since been recovered in HST images from 2011. P4, discovered in 2011, was imaged extensively by HST in 2012, and has also been recovered from archival images as far back as 2005. Preliminary orbital elements for P5 are: semimajor axis a = 42579 km; mean motion n = 17.8560 degrees/day; eccentricity e = 0.0048; inclination i = 0.88 degrees. For P4, these values are : a = 57711 km; n = 11.1910 degrees/day; e = 0.0029; i = 0.34 degrees. These values place the moons near, but not in, the 1:3 and 1:5 mean motion resonances with Charon, just as Nix and Hydra fall near the 1:4 and 1:6 resonances. -
Flier 1 May 2020
MAY 2020 VOL. XLVIII, No .7 Published by and for the AIAA Long Island Section, The coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to spread. P.O. Box 491, Bethpage, NY 11714 OFFICERS: Please do everything you can to stay healthy. Here Chairman: Dave Paris (516) 458-8593 [email protected] is what the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Vice-Chair: Greg Homatas (718) 812-2727 [email protected] recommends and what we urge you to do: Secretary: Nick DiZinno (631) 252-3440 [email protected] Treasurer: W. Glenn Mackey (631) 368-0433 [email protected] • If you’re sick or feeling unwell, stay home COUNCIL MEMBERS: • Stay home as much as possible Anthony Agnone, Joseph Fragola, Muhammad Hayan, Peter Kontogiannis, John Leylegian, Ron McCaffrey, • Avoid crowds as much as possible. Emil Schoonejans, Jason Tyll, and Gerry Yurchison • Avoid non-essential travel by car, airplane FLIER EDITORS: • Maintain 6-foot safety distances Dave Paris, [email protected] • Make sure to cover your cough or sneeze W. Glenn Mackey, [email protected] FLIER PUBLISHER: with a tissue, then throw it away or cough or Nick DiZinno (631) 252-3440 [email protected] SECTION WEBSITE: sneeze into your sleeve at the elbow https://engage.aiaa.org/longisland/ • Clean and disinfect things you use often like Webmaster: Nick DiZinno counters, bathrooms, and your cell phone • Wash your hands often with soap and water Note from the Chairman for a minimum of 20 seconds • Avoid contact with sick people Due to the scheduling delays and chaos resulting from • If you have questions or start to feel sick, the Coronavirus infestation, the Long Island Section call your healthcare provider Council has decided to accept the recommendation of • Follow the guidance from the CDC.