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Education International Worlds of n° 32 / December 2009 Internationale de l'Education Internacional de la Educación www.ei-ie.org Education Cambodians defy official ban on World Teachers’ Day march © CITA Indian children win new Right to Education Bill p. 3 EI President steps down after election to SA National Assembly p. 8 Strategic responses to the global economic crisis p. 10 Honduran teachers face post-coup violence p. 17 Quality teacher training spells success for Finnish students p. 23 2 EI Worlds of Education n° 32 / December 2009 Good news Right to This month we are n happy to report on a o very successful World education i Teachers’ Day 2009. t affirmed a Teachers around the world participated at c the highest level ever, for Indian u thanks in part to bet- ©EI ter organisation and children d modern communications. Interactive web features such as electronic greeting cards, Worlds of Worlds E digital photo streaming and tweets on Twitter helped EI to connect with teach- ers around the world, and them with one India has passed landmark another. legislation providing for free On 5 October it seemed that everyone, and compulsory education to everywhere, was talking about and cel- all children aged 6 to 14. In a ebrating their teachers and the amazing vote held 20 July, the Rajya contribution they make. Their positive Sabha, India’s upper House of impact on the intellectual, social, psycho- Parliament, gave unanimous logical and physical growth and wellbeing of hundreds of millions of children around approval to The Right of the world is literally incalculable. Children to Free and Compulsory Education Bill. The legislation But if politicians aren’t committed to build- passed the lower House, Lok ing strong and stable public education sys- Sabha, on 4 August. tems all year round, it’s not really enough to economic crisis to merely smile and celebrate teachers for a single day. The vote came after a long and intense struggle by teachers and their unions across In the face of economic crisis, govern- India, said Mr. S. Eswaran, newly appointed ments must invest in lifelong learning for Vice-President for Asia-Pacific region and Don’t sacrifice children Don’t the future health and harmony of their the General Secretary of the All-India Pri- societies. This will require political will and mary Teachers’ Federation. personal courage, no doubt. But society expects teachers to demonstrate the cour- “We are very happy. This is the outcome of age of their convictions, so why would we our sincere efforts and agitation launched expect any less of our politicial leaders? by AIPTF with the support of all affiliates,” Education International is urging leaders said Eswaran. “We have achieved success in everywhere to heed our call to protect our struggle to get every child in the country public education and to hear our plea on the fundamental right to education.” behalf of students: EI General Secretary Fred van Leeuwen wel- Don’t sacrifice children and youth on the comed the news. “This is an enormous step altar of the economic crisis! forward for a country such as India, which faces significant challenges in eliminating Fred van Leeuwen, EI General Secretary child labour and reaching the goal of uni- versal access to quality public education. EI congratulates all of the Indian teachers and Cover photo: Even though the authorities officially disallowed their demonstration and denied their right to celebrate World Teachers’ Day, members of the Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association still took to the streets of Phnom Penh on 5 October. EI Worlds of Education n° 32 / December 2009 3 DIA © AIPTF/IN EI Vice-President S. Eswaran (centre, wearing white) and the All-India Primary Teachers’ Federation organised tens of thousands of members to participate in a massive demonstration in front of the Indian Parliament in Delhi to urge passage of an improved version of the Right to Education Bill. trade union activists who have worked so Indrashekhar Mishra, General Secretary of Human Resource Development Minister hard for so long to bring forward this his- the secondary teachers’ union, AISTF de- Kapil Sibal said, “We are dealing with an toric legislation.” scribed the bill as “a step in the right direc- issue that will determine the course of India tion” which will rejuvenate the education in the 21st Century…. We must move forward Clearly, the practicalities of guaranteeing sector. by sending a strong message to the world education to so many million children are and to our children that we are determined daunting, and will demand increased fund- The Bill seeks to make access to education to provide them with quality education.” ing. Eswaran said the AIPTF estimates that more equitable. It prohibits the vetting of about 2.2 million additional teachers will students and parents, and disallows the be needed in the next two to three years to charging of arbitrary fees to secure ad- We have achieved success in our meet the requirements of the bill. mission to public schools. It also obliges struggle for getting every child in private schools to make a quarter of their the country the fundamental “Where will they get the money and find the places available to disadvantaged children right to education trained teachers? This would influence the on a non-fee paying basis. quality of education as well as opportunities for [teacher] appointment,” he said, noting AISTF expressed concern that the latter Sibal noted that about half of India’s 200 that with so many untrained teachers and clause “will encourage privatisation and million children are out of the education class sizes of 50-60 students, India faces great thereby commercialisation of school educa- system. “We have to get them back to challenges in terms of education quality. tion” and advocated “changes to ensure school,” he said. “It is not an easy task to free and compulsory education for the child embark on a national enterprise but we “We have protested at these conditions, up to the age of 18 years.” Chief among have to do it. Is it easy to tackle climate and told government that the para-teachers their recommendations is the implementa- change? Is it easy to counter the global have to be brought along, get training to be tion of a neighbourhood school concept meltdown? … I agree it is a difficult task. To- qualified, and adequate salaries,” Eswaran which aims to send children to the schools gether, we have to do it, we must do it, and said. closest to their homes. we will do it,” he stated. III 4 EI Worlds of Education n° 32 / December 2009 World Teachers’ Day Build the Future: Invest in Teachers Now! This was the resounding message from teachers around the world as they lobbied and marched and celebrated World Teachers’ Day, 5 October, despite the global economic crisis threatening education and other key public services. In countries where democratic rights are respected, educators celebrated their profession and their activism in a great variety of colourful and creative ways. In other countries, teachers were prohibited for reasons, both natural and man-made, from exercising their rights to freedom of expression and association. In Indonesia, for example, teachers strug- gled to resume classes amongst the rubble in Padang, where more than 600 people were killed and many buildings, including schools, were destroyed by two massive earthquakes in late September. © CITA In Cambodia, teachers took to the streets Even though the authorities officially disallowed their demonstration and denied their right to of Phnom Penh, despite a government celebrate World Teachers’ Day, members of the Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association order forbidding them to celebrate World still took to the streets of Phnom Penh on 5 October. Teachers’ Day. released the next day, but Baghani was towards a national social agreement for In a letter sent on 3 October, the Phnom interrogated for 11 hours and charged with education. “I will continue to dedicate my Penh municipal authorities informed the “holding an unauthorised meeting” and heart and all my efforts to showing that the Cambodian Independent Teachers’ As- “celebrating World Teachers’ Day.” greatness of any country should be meas- sociation (CITA) that its plans to mark the ured by the respect it accords to its teach- day in front of the former National Assem- In Romania, teachers and other public ers,” Zapatero wrote. bly and the Ministry of Education would servants took strike action on 5 October not be allowed. Leng Bunhong, Chief of to protest at the massive public spending In Belgium, teachers demonstrated in front Administration for CITA, said: “Cambodia cuts ordered by the International Mon- of the Ministry of Education for the French- has now lost its freedom, rights of expres- etary Fund (IMF). Teachers have already speaking community for withdrawal of the sion and of association to join together in been on strike this year against a pay plan to impose maximum working hours an association or trade union.” freeze and a refusal to pay a promised and cut education spending. increase of 50% on their meagre average In Iran, teacher unionists were holding salaries of $485 per month. In Germany, the EI affiliates GEW and VBE a union meeting in the Tehran home of issued a joint statement insisting that their General Secretary, Mr. Baghani, when By contrast, Spanish President José Luis “the decisions taken at the 2008 Educa- plain clothes policemen suddenly burst Rodriguez Zapatero published an open let- tion Summit must be fully and politically in and arrested them all. No reasons were ter to teachers in the context of Spain’s re- enforced.” They called for both the federal given.

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