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Estimated Water Use and Availability in the Lower Blackstone River Basin, Northern Rhode Island and South-Central Massachusetts, 1995–99

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Estimated Water Use and Availability in the Lower Blackstone River Basin, Northern Rhode Island and South-Central Massachusetts, 1995–99 Cover photo: The Abbott Run Reservoir, photo taken November 25, 2003. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Estimated Water Use and Availability in the Lower Blackstone River Basin, Northern Rhode Island and South-Central Massachusetts, 1995–99 By LORA K. BARLOW Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4190 In cooperation with the RHODE ISLAND WATER RESOURCES BOARD Providence, Rhode Island 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: Subdistrict Chief U.S. Geological Survey Massachusetts–Rhode Island District Branch of Information Services U.S. Geological Survey Box 25286 275 Promenade, Suite 150 Denver, CO 80225-0286 Providence, RI 02908 or visit our Web site at http://ri.water.usgs.gov CONTENTS Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and Scope.................................................................................................................................................... 2 Previous Investigations............................................................................................................................................. 3 Description of the Study Area.................................................................................................................................. 3 Sand and Gravel Aquifers and Ground-Water Reservoirs ........................................................................... 3 Surface Water.................................................................................................................................................. 6 Climate ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 Population ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 Land Use and Land Cover.............................................................................................................................. 7 Acknowledgments.................................................................................................................................................... 13 Water Use............................................................................................................................................................................ 13 Water Supply ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 Public Supply.................................................................................................................................................. 15 Self-Supply...................................................................................................................................................... 20 Aggregate Water Use by Category.......................................................................................................................... 21 Domestic ......................................................................................................................................................... 21 Public Supply........................................................................................................................................ 23 Self-Supply............................................................................................................................................ 23 Commercial..................................................................................................................................................... 23 Public Supply........................................................................................................................................ 25 Self-Supply............................................................................................................................................ 25 Industrial.......................................................................................................................................................... 25 Public Supply........................................................................................................................................ 25 Self-Supply............................................................................................................................................ 25 Agricultural and Golf-Course Irrigation........................................................................................................ 25 Consumptive and Non-Account Use............................................................................................................. 26 Electric Power Generation ............................................................................................................................. 27 Wastewater-Return Flows........................................................................................................................................ 27 Public Disposal ............................................................................................................................................... 27 Wastewater Imports and Exports................................................................................................................... 33 Infiltration and Inflow Estimates ................................................................................................................... 33 Self-Disposal................................................................................................................................................... 35 Total Return Flows ......................................................................................................................................... 35 Water-Use Summary...................................................................................................................................... 35 Water Availability .............................................................................................................................................................. 38 Streamflow-Gaging Stations Used in Analysis....................................................................................................... 38 Method Used to Estimate Base-Flow Volume ....................................................................................................... 39 Safe-Yield Analysis for Public-Supply Reservoirs................................................................................................. 39 Evaluation of Water Availability and Basin Stress................................................................................................. 41 Streamflow Depletion by Ground-Water Withdrawals.......................................................................................... 47 Water Budget...................................................................................................................................................................... 52 Inflow ........................................................................................................................................................................ 52 Outflow ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53 Contents III Summary and Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................ 54 References Cited................................................................................................................................................................. 55 Glossary .............................................................................................................................................................................. 57 Appendix 1. SIC code estimates by minor civil division ................................................................................................. 61 Appendix 2. Water-Use Case Study—Cumberland, Rhode Island................................................................................. 65 FIGURES 1-6. Maps showing: 1. Blackstone River basin and study area, northern Rhode Island and south-central Massachusetts.... 4 2. Distribution of sand and gravel and till deposits, and ground-water reservoirs as named by the Rhode Island Water Resources Board (Rhode Island portion only) in the lower Blackstone River basin........................................................................................................................... 5 3. Streamflow-gaging stations and public-supply reservoirs within the lower Blackstone River basin.............................................................................................................................................
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