Albertine Rift / Hoima Uganda

Uganda Albertine Rift / Hoima CCAFS siteatlas CGIAR Research Programon ClimateChange, AgricultureandFood Security(CCAFS) K.Trautman/CCAFS

Site Atlas Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Radeny, M. and Kinyangi, J. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Albertine Rift / Hoima. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org

Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community.

This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: [email protected]

Creative Commons License

This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes.

DISCLAIMER:

This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction...... iv

Regional Map...... 1

Topographic Map ...... 2

Satellite Map ...... 3

Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability

Annual Rainfall ...... 4

Annual Temperature ...... 5

Aridity Index ...... 6

Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics

Altitude...... 7

Soil Type ...... 8

Agro-Ecological Zones ...... 9

Landcover ...... 10

Landuse ...... 11

Length of Growing Period 2000 ...... 12

Length of Growing Period 2030 ...... 13

Crop Suitability ...... 14 Livestock Production Systems ...... 15

Livestock Density...... 16

Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors

Livelihood Zones...... 17

Human Population Density ...... 18

Market Access ...... 19

Poverty ...... 20

Conservations Areas...... 21

References and Data Sources...... 22 Introduction

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based eﬀorts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services.

Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change aﬀects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management aﬀect the climate system.

CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia.

These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys).

More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org

To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases.

This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Albertine Rift / Hoima in Uganda, in East Africa Region.

IV CCAFS Sites: East Africa

30ºE 40ºE 50ºE N N º º 0 0 1 1 º º 0 0

Ethiopia: Borana (ET01) Kenya: Nyando (KE01) Kenya: Makueni (KE02) Uganda: Albertine Rift (UG01) S º S º 0 Uganda: Kagera Basin (UG02) 0 1 1 Tanzania: Usambara (TZ01)

CCAFS Country Sites 30ºE 40ºE 50ºE 1 Citation: GeoMapa (2013a) !(

!( !(

Topography Albertine Rift

31°E 31°30'E

Kinyanga CCAFS Site UG01, Albertine Rift / Hoima, Uganda !( !(

Bugoigo Kimina !( !(

Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !(

Runga !( !( !( Busingiro Keyma Karongo Karujubu Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !( Tonya!( Kichandi

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi

Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( Kidoma !( !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( Kikonda Mbaali Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline !( Kisaru !( Bumomi Sampling frame !( Kasambya Kalagi !( !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi 31.546E 1.445N !( !( !( 31.546E 1.535N !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( 31.457E 1.535N Kigoma Kachwamango !( 31.457E 1.445N !( Buluko !( !( !( !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri Kitoma !( Kamirambazzi Malweyo Byerima Kiryanga !( !( !( Lwamagaali !( Kyabaune !( !( !( Kitemba Kakindu Bujawo !( Kyenda !( Wattuba N N ° ° 1 1 Sampling frame size: 10km x 10km 31°E 31°30'E !( !. Town International boundary Settlement River !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

!( 2 Citation: GeoMapa (2013b)

!( Satellite Image Hoima

31°30'E

011 -04-2 om 18 ery fr imag on dEye soluti Rapi nd re grou at 5m line Base ehold Hous HBS= ey Surv

ine Basel llage S= Vi VB rvey Su e aselin onal B nizati Orga OBS= ey Katikara Surv (! N N ' ' 0 0 3 3 ° ° 1 Kibaire 1 .! Mpalangasi (! Kasinina (! (! Kyomongi Kiranga (! Nyakakonge (!

.! CCAFS VBS/OBS village (! CCAFS HBS village

CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame 31°30'E

Scale 1:150,000 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 Kilometers

3 Citation: RapidEye (2011) !(

!( !(

Annual Rainfall

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo U G A N D A !( Karujubu Kibiro!( !( Nyabyeya !( !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

!( D !( m !( Kyabaune 20

!( 250 - 750 150 y

!( m

!( ( n

Kakindu i Kitemba l 15 l Bujawo !( Kyenda a a

100 R 750 - 1,250 f Rainfall (mm)

f Wattuba n 10

!( i o

a . No. of Rainy Days

R 50 1,250 - 1,750 5 o N N N ° °

1 1 0 0 t r t r c y v y g e b > = 1,750 n l c a p p a e o u n a e u J e O A F u J D A N M M S 31°E 31°30'E J !( !. Town International boundary Citation: ta Citation: Jones et al (2002) Settlement all da River !( Rainf nnual Road Scale 1:750,000 A nt 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers urre f of c ons o polati inter ata, rved d 1 cm = 7.5 km obse tive senta repre 00 0 - 20 !( of 195

Hoima 4 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)

!( !(

Annual Temperature

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

!( Kamirambazzi ) l

Malweyo Byerima < = 15 e

!( C

Kiryanga 30 !( !( Lwamagaali . !( Kyabaune !( g !( !( 15 - 20 e Temp. Max

Kakindu d Kitemba ( 20 Kyenda

Bujawo !( .

20 - 25 p Temp. Min !( Wattuba m

e 10

25 - 30 T Temp. Mean N N ° °

1 1 0 t t r r c y v y g e n b l

> = 30 c a p p e a o a u e n u J e O A F J D u A N M M S 31°E 31°30'E J !( !. Town International boundary rature Citation: Jones et al (2002) Settlement empe River !( nual T ual 1:750,000 An ts ann Road Scale resen ta of 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers rep re da peratu tions tem erpola nt int curre data, 1 cm = 7.5 km served of ob r ged fo avera !( - 2000 1950

Hoima 5 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)

!( !(

Aridity Index

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

31°E 31°30'E !( !. Town International boundary Settlement River !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 6 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Trabucco et al (2009)

!( !(

Altitude

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo Karujubu U G A N D A Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya Kichandi ° °

!( 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Lake Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 7 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Jarvis et al (2008)

!( !(

Soil Type

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo Karujubu U G A N D A Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya Kichandi ° °

!( 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Lake Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kachwamango Kigoma soil !( to the !( Soil Type * efers Buluko !( pe r O !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri il Ty e FA !( Kitoma !( So per th s !( Kamirambazzi Acrisols p as l group Malweyo Byerima grou n. Soi nt Kiryanga !( icatio pare !( !( Lwamagaali assif heir !( Kyabaune Ferralsols cl by t tic !( !( ned ene !( defi phog Kitemba Kakindu are d mor !( Kyenda l an s of Bujawo Fluvisols ateria n term Wattuba m stics i d !( racteri ies an Leptosole cha opert ural pr nd N N ruct ilt a ° ° st nd, s 1 1 (sa as Nitisols xture s well te ent), a . y cont ontent 31°E 31°30'E Phaeozems cla atter c nic m !( !. Town orga International boundary Vertisols Settlement River !( * Legend corresponds to left map Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 8 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO et al (2009)

!( !(

Agro-Ecological Zones

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango !( ones !( cal Z Buluko logi f !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( Eco n o !( Kitoma !( Agro-Ecological Zones * gro- visio !( Kamirambazzi A he di Malweyo Byerima ate t ave Kiryanga !( Derived Savanna indic at h !( !( Lwamagaali s th !( Kyabaune rea cs !( !( d a isti !( lan cter Kitemba Kakindu Mid Altitude Derived Savanna chara bility, Bujawo !( Kyenda ilar suita sim land !( Wattuba Mid Altitude Humid Forest ed to ral relat ricultu * Legend corresponds to left map l ag N N ntia ° ° ote d 1 1 p ion an t. oduct impac pr ental 31°E 31°30'E ironm International boundary env !( !. Town River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 9 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO (2008)

!( !(

Landcover

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !(

Runga !( DEMOCRATIC REP. !( !( Busingiro Keyma OF Karongo Karujubu Kibiro!( !( !( U G A N D A !( Nyabyeya !( !( !. Kiryanga CONGO Nyamegita Masindi !( !( Katagarukwa K E N Y A Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !( Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0 !( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 ° °

1 !( 1 Victoria !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( !( Imbamba T A N Z A N I A !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango !( !( Landcover Buluko !( !( !( !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri Kitoma !( Kamirambazzi Rainfed croplands Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland Malweyo Byerima Kiryanga !( !( !( Lwamagaali Mosaic Croplands/Vegetation Closed to open shrubland !( Kyabaune !( !( !( Kitemba Kakindu Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands Bujawo !( Kyenda Open needleleaved deciduous or evergreen forest Wattuba !( Closed broadleaved deciduous forest Urban area N N ° ° Open broadleaved deciduous forest

1 1 Closed to open broadleaved forest regularly flooded (fresh-brackish water) Closed to open broadleaved evergreen 31°E 31°30'E International boundary or semi-deciduous forest !( !. Town ws River r sho Settlement dcove !( Lan d Road bserve Scale 1:750,000 the o cover ysical , 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers bio)ph urface ( rth's s the ea of ant domin se 1 cm = 7.5 km i.e. land u tation, vege de an-ma !( and m s. feature Hoima 10 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Arino et al (2009)

!( !(

Landuse

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo Karujubu U G A N D A Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya Kichandi ° °

!( 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Lake Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango !( ow !( of h Buluko ption !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( Landuse escri olves !( Kitoma !( is a d .It inv !( Kamirambazzi nduse e land he Malweyo Byerima Forest protected La ilize th , i.e. t Kiryanga !( ple ut ctivity !( !( Lwamagaali peo ic a tion !( Kyabaune nom ifica !( !( -eco mod !( Forest with moderate or higher livestock density ocio and into Kitemba Kakindu s ment ment !( Kyenda age iron Bujawo man ral env s Wattuba Forest with agricultural activities e natu such a ts. !( of th ment, lemen viron d sett e uilt en lds an ultipl N N Grasslands moderate livestock density b l fie be m ° ° ltura may 1 1 ricu re ag ce, the Rainfed crops Subsistence/Commercial) ny pla e. At a he d her ses, t esente 31°E 31°30'E land u e is pr International boundary Crops and moderate intensive livestock density nt on !( !. Town omina River d Settlement !( Crops and high livestock density Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers Agriculture protected

* Legend corresponds to left map 1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 11 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Natchtergaele et al (2010)

!( !(

Length of Growing Period 2000

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina ETHIOPIA !( !( SOUTH SUDAN S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo U G A N D A !( Karujubu Kibiro!( !( Nyabyeya !( !. !( CONGO !( Kiryanga UGANDA Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi KENYA Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !( CONGO, DRC

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi TANZANIA !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( BURUNDI T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango !( ing !( row Buluko of G !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( th !( Kitoma !( Length of Growing Period (Days) Leng fined !( Kamirambazzi he s de Malweyo T P) i Byerima < = 50 (LG ays Kiryanga !( Lwamagaali eriod of d !( !( Kyabaune P ber !( !( num ch !( !( the whi Kitemba Kakindu 50 - 100 as uring Bujawo !( Kyenda ar d infed in a ye ble ra !( Wattuba 100 - 150 aila e is av ly for ther e supp N N 150 - 200 tur ° ° mois 1 1 soil . rowth > 200 plant g 31°E 31°30'E International boundary !( !. Town River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 12 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

!( !(

Length of Growing Period 2030

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga Bweyale !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Busingiro Keyma Masindi PortOF Karongo U G A N D A !( Karujubu Kibiro!( !( Nyabyeya !( !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( Kibangya !( !( Kitoba Nakitoma Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( ing Kigoma Kachwamango f Grow !( gth o d !( Length of Growing Period (Days) Len fine Buluko The is de !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( GP) !( Kitoma !( od (L days !( Kamirambazzi < = 50 Peri r of Malweyo Byerima umbe Kiryanga !( he n hich !( !( Lwamagaali as t ng w !( Kyabaune 50 - 100 uri d !( !( ar d infe !( Kakindu a ye le ra Kitemba Kyenda in ailab Bujawo !( 100 - 150 e is av ly for Wattuba ther supp !( oisture 150 - 200 soil m ; here N N wth ° ° gro 1 1 lant 30. > 200 p for 20 odeled 31°E 31°30'E m International boundary !( !. Town River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 13 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

!( !(

Crop Suitability

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango ers to !( ty ref !( Crop Suitability abili Buluko Suit !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( op ce !( Kitoma !( Cr sour !( Kamirambazzi Not suitable nd re Malweyo Byerima the la at Kiryanga !( nt th and !( !( Lwamagaali Very low me al l !( Kyabaune ess ltur !( !( ass ricu !( Kakindu s ag vant Kitemba Low ider rele Bujawo !( Kyenda cons ith tions w ition !( Wattuba op cond Medium low use gical -ecolo ted N N gro pec ° ° a e ex 1 1 Medium at estim ies. to activit Medium high ing 31°E 31°30'E ropp International boundary c !( !. Town High River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 Very high 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 14 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO and IIASA (2007)

!( !(

Livestock Production Systems

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( s as Kigoma Kachwamango System !( tion ke roduc ms ta !( tock P l syste Buluko !( Mbogobbiri !( Mixed Rainfed Livestock only ives tura !( !( Bukwiri L ricul into Kitoma !( f ag ions Kamirambazzi art o condit n Malweyo Byerima Arid / Semi-arid Arid /semi-arid p atic fied i Kiryanga !( -clim lassi !( !( Lwamagaali agro re c !( Kyabaune nd a tock !( !( nt a lives s !( Humid / sub-humid ccou and ditie Kitemba Kakindu Temperate / highland a feed ommo Bujawo !( Kyenda s of ock c ogy; Temperate / highland term ivest hnol Wattuba Closed to open shrubland ces; l n tec ns; !( esour ductio unctio r d; pro tock f ; Mixed Irrigated duce lives tions N N pro and loca ° ° use phic . 1 1 uct gra ted prod ; geo uppor Arid / semi-arid Urban area overed ions s area c opulat 31°E 31°30'E man p International boundary Humid / sub-humid Other d hu !( !. Town an River Settlement !( Temperate / highland Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 15 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO (2007)

!( !(

Livelihood Zones

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kachwamango d Kigoma ex an !( ompl . !( re c tors Buluko Livelihood Zones * ds a f fac !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( lihoo ty o !( Kitoma !( Live varie s !( Kamirambazzi by a e map Malweyo Byerima Albertne Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone haped d zon Kiryanga !( Lwamagaali s lihoo eas !( !( Kyabaune live ic ar !( !( Albertne West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone ese ph !( !( Th ogra ly Kitemba Kakindu te ge broad Bujawo !( Kyenda linea ople Bwijanga Pakanyi Sugarcane Maize Cassava Zone de ich pe od !( Wattuba wh eliho within me liv to Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone he sa cess N N e t ac ° ° shar ding . 1 1 clu ets Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone ns in ark patter and m come, 31°E 31°30'E Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone d, in International boundary foo !( !. Town River Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 National Park 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers Urban Area 1 cm = 7.5 km Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Cresent Robusta Coffe Banana Maize and Cattle Zone !( * Legend corresponds to left map

Hoima 17 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: USAID (2011)

!( !(

Human Population Density

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 18 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: CIESIN (2005)

!( !(

Market Access

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Tonya!( Kichandi ° ° 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Buseruka !( Lake

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 1 o n > = 20 iffere unt) king d to acco (ta tion in 31°E 31°30'E sporta International boundary tran !( !. Town River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 19 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Nelson (2008)

!( !(

Poverty

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo Karujubu U G A N D A Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya Kichandi ° °

!( 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Lake Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kigoma Kachwamango !( !( Buluko !( Mbogobbiri Bukwiri !( Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day !( Kitoma !( bal !( Kamirambazzi ed glo Malweyo Byerima 0 or missing truct Kiryanga !( cons that !( !( Lwamagaali IN rty !( Kyabaune IES ove !( !( 0 - 20 C of p s of !( Kakindu sets ate Kitemba Kyenda ata estim y Bujawo !( d d on rtalit 20 - 40 base ntmo !( Wattuba are l infa ata, ationa ition d 40 - 60 subn lnutr N N ma are ° ° hild oth 1 1 c b and that 60 - 80 nizing and recog overty 31°E 31°30'E s for p International boundary 80 - 100 roxie r than !( !. Town p rathe River lfare . Settlement we ures !( meas Road Scale 1:750,000 direct 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 20 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: CIESIN (2005)

!( !(

Conservation Areas

31°E 31°30'E 30°E

Kinyanga !( !( E T H I O P I A

Bugoigo Kimina !( !( S O U T H S U D A N Kitanyata !( Walykubya Busindi L a k e !( !( Kigumba Butiaba UG !( !( Kidwera !( !( Bukumi !( Pakanyi Kyatiri A l b e r t Biso !( !( DEMOCRATIC REP. Runga !( !( !( Keyma Busingiro OF Karongo Karujubu U G A N D A Kibiro!( !( !( !( Nyabyeya !( CONGO !( !. Kiryanga Nyamegita Masindi K E N Y A !( !( Katagarukwa Bikonzi Hoimo!( !( Bulyango !( Kigorobya !(

Tonya Kichandi ° °

!( 0 0

!( !( !( Kitoba Lake Buseruka !(

N Bwijanga N ' Bukoba ' 0 !( 0 3 Kibingo 3 Victoria ° °

1 !( 1 !( Bulindi RWANDA Kasasa !(Hoima !( !( !( Bugambe !( Buhanika Kinubi Miduma !( Kisozi !( !( BURUNDI Kidoma !( T A N Z A N I A !( Imbamba !( Butema Kigalama!( Kikube !( !( Buhimba Munteme !( !( Katereiga !( Ndede !( !( Kiteredde Kijaguzo Kyamusakazi !( !( Rwenzori !( 30°E Kikonda Mbaali !( Kisaru !( International boundary Scale 1:12,500,000 Bumomi !( Kasambya Kalagi !( 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( Kabwoya !( Kiduukulu Ntunda Kyankwanzi !( !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Katanabirwa Mairo !( Kachwamango Kigoma Areas !( vation areas !( nser ted Conservation Areas Co protec Buluko !( Mbogobbiri !( ent CN, !( !( Bukwiri pres to IU ic Kitoma !( Kamirambazzi re ing raph ccord geog Malweyo Byerima State Forest Reserve that,a efined ated Kiryanga !( Lwamagaali rly d dedic !( !( Kyabaune e clea zed, or !( !( ar ogni gal !( !( Forest Reserve rec h le Kitemba Kakindu aces, throug !( Kyenda sp ed o Bujawo anag ans, t Wattuba Nature Reserve and m e me ation !( ffectiv onserv ther e erm c o ong-t ted N N Gorilla Reserve ve l cia ° ° achie asso 1 1 with ature es and of n servic stem 31°E 31°30'E ecosy e. International boundary al valu !( !. Town cultur River Settlement !( Road Scale 1:750,000 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Hoima 21 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: UNEP-WCMC (2012).

!( References and Data Sources assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and User’s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Aridity Index Regional Map Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information. Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Altitude Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ﬁlled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM Soil Type (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Agro-Ecological Zones Satellite Image Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agro- RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, ecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011 Italy

Annual Rainfall Landcover Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global. interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/ 1965-1978. Landuse Annual Rainfall Graph Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degrada- Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. tion Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple pp. Length of Growing Period 2000 Annual Temperature Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department 1965-1978. for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Annual Temperature Graph Length of Growing Period 2030 Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk Omolo and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the

22 Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Conservation Areas Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p. UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK. Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inﬂuence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007.

Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131.

Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World. FAO, 131 pp.

Livelihood Zones Livelihood Zone Products. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). Accessed at http://www.fews.net/pages/livelihoods.aspx?loc=6&l=en.

Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates

Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commis- sion, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004)

Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN, Columbia University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty

23 June 2013

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the world’s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address the most important interactions, synergies and tradeoffs between climate change, agriculture and food security. CCAFS is a strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT).

For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl K.Trautman/CCAFS