Early training partners of Master Ueshiro during their visit to the U.S. in 1975 at C.W. Post College for the first All Okinawan Karate Tournament. L to r: Santos Kina Sensei; Ansei Ueshiro Sensei; Kensai Taba Sensei. DePasquale Sensei (Jujitsu) in back.

L to r: Oshiro San, Kishaba Sensei, Ueshiro Hanshi

Sekichi Iha Sensei, highest rank in USA of Kobayashi Shorin- Ryu under Master Katsuya Miyahira. While on Okinawan Master Ueshiro & Iha Sensei trained together during the early days of the organization of the two styles.

Workout in Central Park, 1962. Master Ueshiro with Ken Lee.

L: Kishaba Sensei performing Yakusoku-kumite. rtl A Pf 4' 4 r. 4.3(

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After the Ryukyu Islands defense at the same dojo. were attacked by the Satsuma Together we often clan from Kyushu in Keicho demonstrated Japanese 14 (1609), and all weapons martial arts at U.S. Army were banned, the ultimate bases, churches, police weapon of empty fist was stations and other places. developed. For thirty years Sensei It has been thirty short Ueshiro has faithfully years already since Sensei obeyed the karate spirit Ueshiro first came to the and has taught the core of United States bringing with Shorin-Ryu. He's simply the him Okinawan Shorin-Ryu, person who's full of nothing one of the karate styles. but karate. It was at the Imperial Dojo Here in remembrance of Fifth and Sixth Street, 14 of Sensei Ueshiro's book, December, 1970. Left: Master Ueshiro. Center: Sensei John }Lira. Right: Choich Yara. Fukuiku, where he first wishing him the very best taught. About the same time in the future. I was also teaching self July 2, 1992 Hara Shihan ABOUT THE MARTIAL ARTS renamed Ku Shu (national arts) in were originally fashioned from fan 1928. Throughout the western tools and became adaptable in the KARATE: It sounds mysterious. world, Kung Fu (special abilities) is open hand postures. Instinctively you react to the word. accepted. In 1902 Karate was adopted int( Is it with fear? Or perhaps interest? There arc basically five familes in the school systems as part of the Or just curiosity? Would you expect Kung Fu, stemming from the five curriculum. It spread through Jape to find a woman or a child of 5 years Shaolin Temples in the Northern and Korea, who formed their own old studying karate? and Southern provinces of China. systems. Karate reached the Unite( Karate, or kara (empty) te These families dominate the many States after World War II, and has (hands), is probably as old as man. styles practiced and become recog- become one of the most popular o Just think — how did man protect nizable through the first four the martial arts. himself before he discovered weap- postures of salutation, which are Karate uses sharp blocks, kicks ons? Why, with "empty hands." So symbolic in tradition. and punches, that are designed to you see it is a very natural defense, Kung Fu uses flowing circular strike and retreat in a single motio n one that is always with you. The moves similar to the related art of Speed, balance, power and coordi- physical aspects of karate are as T'ai Chi, although performed with nation are the principle effort of tf important as the mental discipline it greater speed. practitioner. The kiai, or loud shot imparts. Northern styles are best explained is used to empty the diaphragm an This has been emphasized many by their softness while the southern to summon extra power for attack times, as you may see this art form styles lean towards aggressiveness. (this energy is called Chi). taught to men, women, children, T'AI CHI CHUAN: T'ai Chi Chuan is KENDO: Kendo training concen- physically disabled, elderly, mentally a graceful exercise that relaxes the trates on developing seven efficien retarded, and physically uncoordi- body, increases muscle control and blows and one thrust. Efficient nated persons. Yes, anyone can find massages the internal organs for bet- blows are given to three areas of tF benefits from karate, in their own ter health and greater energy. head, the right wrist, left wrist if it way and their own time. It gives the It contains over one hundred at shoulder height or higher, two young strength, discipline, and postures which take some twenty positions of the trunk and a direct maturity, and the old, flexibility and minutes or longer to perform in thrust to the throat. No other tar- a physical well being that is so their entirety and are ritually done gets are included. When deliverinl important for a long and useful life. with balance and control as a means blow or thrust, the practitioner cal There are many types of systems of relaxing the body and releasing out the area of contact, showing tr of karate, basically originating in the the flow of Chi. Rigidity and opponent has been struck mentaTh far eastern countries of China, strength are emptied from the upper as well as physically. Okinawa, Japan and Korea. There torso and sink to the very soles of are probably thousands of systems, the feet, one of which is always many of which are taught in the firmly rooted to the ground. United States. If you would like to Breathing is natural through the Modern kendo is largely practic study karate, you probably want to nose. as a sport which includes spiritual know which system is best. The training. The practitioner is taught answer to that is not possible. It is the fundamentals of postures for your judgment, and you must find a engaging, gripping the wooden system that fulfills your needs. T'ai Chi encompasses three levels: sword, and synchronization of foo Karate is just one of the many Mar- the exercise, pushing hands, and free and arm movements; these basic tial Arts available. In helping you fighting. It is considered an internal skills take time to develop. Even- make a decision, a short, basic system of learning and stresses the tually the attack practice is description of some of the Martial yin-yang principle of positive and employed with partners. Kendo Arts are listed. So, take your time, negative forces. places great emphasis on eye con -to you may find yourself involved in a KARATE: Karate originated in the and the kiai. new and exciting way of life. islands of Okinawa, becoming KYUDO: Modern Kyudo is an efts( refined in the seventh century by the tive form of physical and mental Okinawan king, Neopashi, who training, finding spiritual perfectit noted the discipline attained of self and, ideally, mastering the KUNG FU: Chinese legend has it through Shorin Ji Kempo. Thus, unit of mind, body, and bow. Shoc that the first organized system of the combining its teachings with the ing skill and quiet dignity are Oriental Martial Arts began over Okinawan "te," it became the begin- characteristics of the archer. Not 3,000 years ago when Tao Mo ning of Karate. only should one be able to repeat- brought Buddhism to China. Along Okinawan history, throughout edly penetrate a target, but in kyuc with beneficial exercise, it produced, the centuries of invasions, has self-discipline and spiritual values in time, a rugged form of personal greatly influenced the distinct flavor are equally important. combat for the Shaolin monks in we know today. Japan, at that time, AIKIDO: Aikido is not primarily a order to protect themselves against forbade the manufacture of weap- system of self-defense. Its philoso- the many bandits of the day. ons; even the making of ceremonial phy is a calm and a confident Wushu meaning (war arts) was swords had ceased. So, weapons reaction to any form of stress or confrontation and a free flow of focused upon the exercises being bined its teachings with Okinawan personal expression that offers no performed. Even while in repose the Te. The combination of the Chinese conflict with nature or the universe. karate student maintains solemn and and Okinawan systems was the Its techniques include throwing quiet deportment out of respect for beginning of karate. and grappling, the latter largely con- the others who are using the exercise fined to joint locking techniques and deck and for the serious purposes to countering attacks with graceful which the exercise deck is devoted. yielding movements that keep in The dojo is the meeting house of During the 17th century Okinawa balance with the universe. all the karate students who use it, was overrun and occupied by the Like T'ai Chi and Kung Fu, and so high is the esteem in which it Japanese. The Okinawan Samurais Aikido uses circular movements is held that its care and maintenance were disarmed and forbidden to which are combined with twists and is not entrusted to outsiders or jan- own, use or carry any weapons. shifts to avoid the impact of the itors. The dojo is washed, cleaned, Faced with the necessity of defend- attacker. and kept spotless through the per- ing themselves and their people sonal attention of each and every from their oppressors, and having karate student who uses it. only their bare hands with which to The karate dojo is no ordinary fight, the Samurai warriors turned mursu: The Jujitsu practitioner place of exercise. The high respect to the ancient forms of karate. In first learns the art of falling down given the dojo by the karate student those desperate years they with a sharp smack of the arm can only be explained by its close developed and refined the tech- against the mat, breaking the fall association with the devotion which niques of karate until their bodies and rolling up again in a defensive the teacher and the serious student and hands were as deadly and effec- stance. Next, the student learns share toward karate. It is the place tive in their defense as had been the forms of escaping and grappling, where the student strives to arrive at swords that were taken from them. and throwing forms; choking, the high point of readiness and Karate was taught in secret and was breaking and nerve techniques are willingness to submit his body and only known to the king and his most added as the practitioner progresses. his mind to the learning of the loyal subjects. Where and how it Jujitsu stresses unarmed tech- ancient discipline of karate. was taught was a mystery to most niques but may also deal in small Okinawans for to be introduced to weapons, which can become adapta- the discipline of karate was to be ble to larger weapons. marked as one of the most poised JUDO: Judo has its historical roots THE HISTORY OF KARATE and trusted human beings and was in Jujitsu. It incorporates "Katame- an honor as high as any that could Waza" (mat techniques) and The origin and development of be bestowed. "Atemi-Waza" (throwing tech- karate are intimately tied to the his- In the more settled times that niques) founded on scientific tory of the Okinawan people, who followed, karate, although remain- principles which integrate combat brought it to its present form and ing secret and known only through training with mental and physical preserved its tradition for centuries. word-of-mouth on the Island of education. All harmful and dan- A major root of the discipline, Okinawa, became a course of exer- gerous techniques were eliminated. however, can be traced to ancient cise valued for its health and The main principle is to force China, where in about the year 562 character building. In the 17th cen- your opponent to make his body B.C. Daruma Tashi developed an tury Master Matsumura collected rigid and lose his balance, and then, exercise form for the use of buddhist and studied the various forms of when he is helpless, you may attack monks. The exercise form was first karate that had grown up, sys- or simply gain the advantage. taught by Tashi at the Shorin Tem- tematized them, and designed an ple and eventually became known as overall method for the training of "Shorin Ji Kempo" meaning "Way karate men. His way, "Shorin Ryu," of the Fist." The exercise discipline the way of Master Matsumura, is the THE DOJO concentrated upon the art of learn- style of karate taught in our dojo. ing to control and master the body, The dojo is traditionally known mind and soul. among the oriental people as a In the 7th century, Chinese feudal school or institution where students warlords invaded and occupied the KATA are instructed in any of the martial Ryukyu Islands, known then as arts such as karate, judo, etc. The Uruma (Okinawa). They brought To grasp the meaning of kata, the dojo is treated with particular with them the techniques of Shorin- true essence of karate, one must be respect and veneration by all karate Ji Kempo. The Okinawan people involved in one of the martial arts. students. They always bow whether had already developed a system of The layman cannot hope to grasp entering or leaving it. While class is self defense called "Te" or "Hand." the state of mind of an individual in session, conversation of any type The Okinawan king, Neopashi, was performing a kata. To him, the kata is strictly forbidden. Total con- impressed by the discipline attained is only a series of movements that centration of energy and thought is through Shorin Ji Kempo and corn- look like a form of dance. However, these beautiful and graceful move- ments are in reality far more than Karate Black Belt Katas just a series of blocks, punches, kicks (Okinawan Karate-do/Shorin-Ryu and stances. One of the major aims Karate U.S.A.) of the karate practitioner is to be able to perform all of the kata accu- SPECIAL EXERCISE: Ovo-Tan Ren rately. As the performance of kata FUKYUGATA: Sho-Dan, Ni-Dan, improves, one becomes aware of San-Dart more than the physical being. The PINAN: Sho-Dan, Ni-Dan, ancient saying, "There is body, there San-Dan, Yon-Dan, Go-Dan is mind" implies that we must first NAIHANCHI: Sho-Dan, Ni-Dan, master our own body before we may San-Dan turn to any voguish philosophy. SPECIAL KATAS: Wankan, Ro-Hai, The student repeats the kata many Pa-Sai, Chinto, Go-Ju-Shi-Ho, times in each class, placing emphasis Ku-San-Ku on posture, balance, speed and coor- Koiw-Jrrsu: Bo-Jitsu, Sai, dination. Great emphasis is laid on Nunchaku, Kama, Tuifa increasing the student's vigor, heart, mind, and soul. The teaching is usu- ally conducted in a group, but the individual's performance of the kata is continually revised by the instruc- tor. Gradually the student's character, attitude, and intentions are unmistakably revealed to his instructor. Only then can the instructor help the student to acquire the mental power to over- come his own weakness and recognize the vanity and false ego which lies within him. This can be accomplished only by constant prac- tice of the seemingly simple moves of kata. Karate-do teaches that we should strive to be calm in the face of adversity, and to do whatever it takes to accomplish a task. These complementary attitudes give us the ability to accept the worst and pre- pare to deal with it. It is only a small step from applying these principles in a fight to applying them to all aspects of life: For most of us, the latter is the more important applica- tion, as our fistfights may be few, but our lives are filled with obstacles we must overcome. Only by remaining serene and focused, can we sur- mount our misfortunes, as well as the troubles of our loved ones. Indeed, by remaining tranquil while those around us become over- wrought, we become the foundation on which others may rely. •

replaced by a serious expression: JM: "We all face difficulties. What "When you have to protect your life, aspect of karate was most difficult for you must use all your strength and you and how have you tried to overcom skill. To use force and contact when it?" you train would be very dangerous MASTER uEsHiRo:"There are and foolish. It would cause injuries AN INTERVIEW WITH GRAND always other difficulties in life, and that would prevent your continuing karate for me is a form of meditatioi MASTER ANSEI UESHIRO to train. Training should prepare an excerpt from a forthcoming book almost that relieves the tensions of you to fight. 'To fight is a very everyday life. If there was a difficult by JeffMoriber entitled "The serious thing,' my Master said, Graphic Martial Artist" aspect of learning karate, I didn't `Sometimes it is alright if you are hit realize it was there. I once had an once, if that will end the fight. JM: "Looking back over the period of accident that made me lose the use Fighting should not be entered into of my hands; recovering from this time since you first brought Shorin- lightly." The Master referring to his Ryu Karate to the United States in accident, mentally and physically, Master, spoke volumes to me. His was the main struggle of my life. It 1962, how has karate translated into smile returned. our Western culture? Can it be as was karate that made it possible for meaningful for someone outside the JM: "Is the concept of Karate-do as me to recover." Okinawan culture as inside? What meaningful today as it was in the JM: "What did it mean to you when were your expectations in 1962 and past?" you received the Sho-dan rank? What have they been met?" MASTER UESHIRO:"Certainly. did it mean to you when you received MASTER UESHIRO: "First, in the Karate teaches you how to focus the Kyoshi title?" (To be awarded the West, karate was seen mostly as a your being on certain goals, title of Kyoshi one must first be a form of self-defense, but one with a whether it be to perfect a kata, or to Go-dan, fifth degree black belt. special mystique because of its East- master the nun-chuk. And this After a minimum of two years at ern philosophy. Now it has become focusing carries over into the rest of that rank and being at least 35 year a sport, like boxing or wrestling, but your life. Karate is more than just a old, the title Renshi may be it still has that mystique. It's not just physical skill; it is a balancing of awarded. After ten years as a Rensh the mystique; many people now mind and body. It's a spiritual sys- and being at least 45 years old, the realize that it's a system that helps tem as well as a sport, and one that title Kyoshi can be awarded.) you order your whole life. In that is as valid today as it was two hun- MASTER uESHIRO:"The better I way, it can be as meaningful to dred years ago." got, the more I felt a responsibility someone outside the Okinawan As to karate's validity in today's for the art, to help those who are culture as inside, yes, but the mean- times, Master Ueshiro added fur- learning it." ing is different because the cultures ther clarification when I are different. reintroduced the question: "In any The underlying doubt and skep- As for my expectations in 1962, as culture, in any country, at any time ticism that I had brought to this far as my students understand the in history, a person must always be meeting had dissolved. Here before deeper meaning of karate, as a way able to defend himself." me was a man of disarming charm and personality who had, beneath to focus and shape their lives, they JM: "You were born into the karate have been met. But in addition, I'd his ebullience, a rock-solid strength tradition. Was there ever a time when in his beliefs and dedication to like to see the view of karate as a you questioned whether or not you destructive force, or solely as a karate and its traditions. I was happ would go on? What has karate meant that circumstances allowed me to money-making proposition, elimi- in your life?" nated. Karate is an art that can have this opportunity to talk with MASTER UESHIRO:"NO, there was benefit society and help improve him. not any time when I questioned ■ people's lives. I thanked him and he thanked m whether or not I would go on. In parting we shook hands, which I lifted my head and as I was about to Karate has been my life; it has given he followed by bowing deeply. I ask an additional question he raised his me the philosophy for living my returned the bow, having had lots c hand and, establishing his ground life." practice in the dojo. He then rules, gently said: "Just because you JM: "How does one continue to practice returned my bow with a second are writing a book doesn't mean karate as he advances in age?" deep bow I knew I had entered neN that you should give away all the territory. I regained my balance bui meaning and secrets of karate. Nei- MASTER uEsiamo:"Karate is a way of life. It is not a thing that you not my composure and returned hi ther the book nor the answers have bow. How I wished I knew more to be long to be complete." just learn when you're 18. There is spiritual growth as well. Obviously, about the etiquette of bowing. I fel JM: "What are your feelings about physical strength will decay, but the awkward as I made this second boy training with contact? You are asethetic value you get from the art not sure when to rise or how low I renowned for your aggressive, full-com- will continue to strengthen over the should be, hoping that despite my mitment style." years." feeble effort I was showing the His ever-present smile was now proper respect, which I genuinely felt toward this man. He would have the last how. My mind reviewed our meeting as if it was in fast-tbrward. Over and over, the one highlight that kept pushing itself to the front was Master Ueshiro's response to my last question. Indeed, after this meeting, there was no doubt in my mind that that answer should be the last word. Jiff: "To those who read this book but are not now studying karate, what is the one thought you have for them? For those who are now studying, what would you tell them?" MASTER UESHIRO:"TO those who are not now studying, I have nothing to say. I would tell those who are now studying not to stop. Karate is a lifelong pursuit." •

*Kr MOVING ZEN The Okinawans have always been There arc many stories that repo . THE TRADITIONS OF KARATE a fiercely proud but peaceful people. the defeat of sword-wielding sam- AND ZEN They farmed and fished and kept to urai at the hands of empty handed themselves. But during the period of Okinawan masters. Of many brawl In the sixth century A.D. an Indian civil war in Japan, the island was averted by the fierce, calm counte- monk named Bodhidharma repeatedly overrun by rapacious nance of karatemen. (Daruma in Japanese) left his home armies from mainland Japan. It was because of their immediate and made the arduous trip over the Any weapons the Okinawans may almost desperate need for a prac- Himilayas to China. His mission have had were confiscated during tical, effective martial art that the was to spread the teachings of Zen these periods. The Japanese soldiers, Okinawan art, karate, evolved to Buddhism to the people there. like most any occupying force, had such a spectacular degree. When he arrived at the monastery little respect for the indigenous peo- at Shaolin he found that the monks ple, their homes, or their peaceful welcomed the insights he had to way of life. In most dojo in Okinawa today offer. They were eager to take on the In order to protect themselves beginner students spend only a lem rigors of zen practice. But the long and their families from the invaders, hours a week in classes. Black belt hours of zazen were simply too the Okinawans used the only weap- classes, however, go long into the much for the sedentary monks. For ons they had at their disposal: their night. And at dawn training begin, all their good intentions they were bodies. again, with long, silent zazen unable to make any progress. practice. Bodhidharma was a skilled mar- Today we carry on a tradition of tial artist. He knew that there was martial arts practice that stretches no better way to put the ego aside, back 1500 years, and beyond. and place the consciousness in the A tradition of people becoming moment, than to engage in vigorous stronger, healthier, wiser. Helping martial training. The monks had to create not only stronger individ - added motivation. They were in dire als, but stronger families, need of protection against the communities — a healthier, more vicious thieves who were active in peaceful world to live in. the vicinity of Shaolin. Karate training is not easy. It The monks became Bodhi- requires dedication and relentless dharma's students. Before too long effort. they began to show a robust It isn't a sport or a game. It is an strength many had not known since art. A journey toward self-perfec- they were boys, and others had tion. It is a means to fulfill the never known. deepest human striving and Soon they were able to endure the yearning. hardships of zazen practice, as well Although the results of karate as the intense physical and spiritual practice are evident shortly after to demands of martial training itself. ing up the practice, training lasts a This became their "Do," their lifetime. Dedicated practitioners path. This training is practiced to continue to progress in Okinawan this day at the Shaolin monastery. karate into their 70's, 80's and There a visitor can still see the deep The rewards of karate practice a] grooves worn into the stone floor of They combined the knowledge of enormous, and at the karate dojo the courtyard by nearly a hundred their own martial heritage with the they are available to every person generations of monks and devotees methods they learned from the Chi- who wants them — regardless of ag practicing their footwork... over nese. And they practiced. They size or gender. and over and over. practiced in secret. Often at night Master Egami said: "The only As the centuries passed monks on deserted beaches, to escape secret is to practice seriously and traveled from Shaolin to all parts of detection by the hostile occupying with perseverance, in order to atta China, to Japan, and from time to forces. the state of mushin. This opens thi time to the great fishing port half- Even at times of the harshest civil doors of the hara (center) to way between the two empires — the conditions the fundamental precept consciousness." island of Okinawa. of karate was upheld: "Karate ni Or, in the words of the ancient sente nachi:" Karate is only for self- karate precept: "He who conquer defense. himself is the greatest warrior." ■ MAE-GERI kata. The blocks and counters to the as quickly and naturally as it had right, left and back were every bit as started. I felt like the most privileged San- powerful as those straight into the When the film came back from kyu in Shorin Ryu when Scaglione camera. The kick was completely the lab (all 100 feet of it) the results Sensei asked me if I'd "mind photo- invisible; indeed, the only method were, for still photography, satisfac- graphing Master Ueshiro of detection would be to feel this tory. Ueshiro Sensei had "locked in" performing Fukyugata San." The technique — not a desirable each move for two frames, or a pictures would be used to illustrate prospect. quarter of a second. The first moves the kata in the soon-to-be-published The kata ended quickly, long in the combination techniques man- Cummins-Scaglione Question and before I could have assimilated every aged to get caught within an eighth Answer book. And they had to do move. But I remember noticing of a second (one frame). justice to the kata's composer. Hanshi seemed even more ready, But at the point where the kick The technical challenge in photo- more relaxed and even stronger than should have been frozen in silver graphing Hanshi's kata was to find a when he'd started. The frame coun- emulsion there was only the move camera that was fast enough. At the ter showed 193 exposures — only 24 before ... and the move after. time, the best professional camera seconds had passed from bow to Hanshi's foot must have traveled out on the market was a Nikon F4 bow motor drive to 250 exposures per roll, and the motor drive, a staple of sports photographers, could fire eight frames per second. Each frame would "freeze" movement at 1/2000th of a second. All this would allow us to capture the kata "naturally," with- out the loss of mushin or kiai had we "posed" each move separately. The biggest concern was with mae-geri, the front snap kick per- formed towards the camera with audible kiai. Our chances of catch- ing the kick either chambered or fully extended at the rate of eight frames per second were dismal at best. Hanshi arrived the morning of the shoot, cheerful and relaxed. Sensing a bit of nervousness from the photographer, he immediately J put me at ease by asking about the Master Ueshiro performing flying side camera equipment. Emerging a few minutes later in a Master Ueshiro walked off the and back — a distance of about 10 plain gi, Hanshi modestly joked deck breathing easily as I changed feet — well within an eighth of a about how a "younger" person film backs fcii. the next take. Hanshi second. The equivalent of zero to should be demonstrating the kata. said, "OK, Michael, are you ready?" 60. Much to Grand Master He then performed his "warmup" When Hanshi asks, "Are you Ueshiro's disappointment, modern consisting of one deep knee bend ready?" you know you are. Coming technology was no match for his and we commenced with the first of from Hanshi, the question is com- front snap kick. The only way to two shoots. pletely rhetorical. The motor drive capture the kick photographically Even through the camera lens cranked into eight frames per sec- was to pose the move. ■ Hanshi's movements were more ond and Ueshiro Sensei performed fluid and natural than any I had the kata again. As with the first take, seen. "So this is what Fukyugata San I was amazed by the speed and should look like," I remember think- agility of his powerful movements. "Less and less do you need to force ing with awe. With only Scaglione At the end I got the same impres- things, until finally you arrive at Sensei and two other students sion of being led full circle back to non-action. When nothing is done, observing, Hanshi flew through the the kata's beginning, as if no time nothing is left undone." had elapsed. The second take ended LAO-TZU Thirty years ago, Master Ansei Ueshiro arrived in the United States. With him came Fukygata San and the "move forward" phi- losophy of Shorin-Ryu which this Karate is a lifetime marathon. We The western culture looks upon cer- kata represents. Physically, the tain dates — anniversaries, birth- have heard this countless times and moves are constantly moving for- its meaning is a varied as the dates, whatever as a time of celebra- ward with speed and combinations tion and self-congratulation. The number of deshi. It means that of attacks and blocks, invading an karate training never ceases, on or eastern attitude may not be the opponent's space. But the move for- same. The first day, the first year, the off the deck. It is the continual ward philosophy does not end with striving for the next plateau; once first decade run together. Each is a this kata and its emphasis on mov- highlight unto itself. A kata per- reached there is no rest, the struggle ing forward in a fighting situation. continues. There are no successes oi formed for the thirtieth time is as This philosophy can be recognized pleasurable and fascinating as the failures, just the continued pursuit in other ways while training in of karate-do through desire, hard one that is done for the first time, for Shorin-Ryu. From an individual's the time before or the time after, for training, self-discipline and focused point of view, techniques and kata effort. It is truly a way of life where the three-thousandth time. Much that seemed so foreign and difficult can be shared between the eastern the real opponent isn't on the deck as a white belt can later be practiced or on the street but rather is in each and western outlook. There is a and demonstrated as one advances certain structure, security, serenity and every one of us. On this 30th through the ranks. This could be anniversary of Shorin-Ryu in the provided by the continuity of years perceived as "moving forward." that keeps one humble and humbly USA, many thanks to Master Ansei "Moving forward" mentally and Ueshiro for all that he has given. • in awe of this one immense contri- spiritually is another recognizable bution to the lives of so many made aspect, how a person deals with by this one Grandmaster Ansei certain situations, if it was with Ueshiro. • anger or hostility in the past, might, Regulation of the breath also while studying Shorin-Ryu realize influences awareness of hara and ki. that staying calm and staying within A secret transmission of a jujitsu The only way even remotely to school in Japan, circa 1710, as repay our debt to Master Ueshiro one's hara would be a better and healthier course of action. The quoted by author (and 8th Dan and all those who shared in our Judo Practitioner) Trevor Leggett i development is to continue on, expansion of new dojo which have Zen and the Ways, teaches, "Keepin expand the "family," spread Shorin- their genesis in New York City are all examples of this philosophy of in a formal posture, exhale and Ryu. Arigato Master Ueshiro for inhale, thinking that the breath is allowing all this to be possible. • moving forward and spreading the knowledge of Shorin-Ryu. The list passing just below the navel. This i5 of examples, I am sure, is endless. in fact the natural course of feeling The "move forward" philosophy the breath, but because people mov As a result of the teachings of the will continue with dedicated deshi badly their inner organs are com- Shinden, and all the Sensei of and this will be most evident when, pressed, and the vital current is felt Shorin-Ryu we can become better thirty years from now, a brand new only as in the chest ...The defect is human beings; we prepare for battle deshi will read this paragraph. ■ bad breathing. So we must train to so that we are able to "Keep make the breathing correct." Peace." ■ Shorin-Ryu Karate is a complete practice, in that it incorporates all the various points mentioned abov, "To refine" something means to Even the beginning student of including physical training and cor "purify," to distill it to its essence. karate can see the dramatic dif- ditioning, development of lei, and That, to me, is what karate and ference between slow-motion kata awareness of hara and breath. ■ karate-do are all about. Continual and kata that is performed at full practice of technique until there are speed and full power. To most stu- no extraneous or unnecessary move- dents the kata that is performed at ments. Release of one's personal full speed and full power is the At a point in one's "karate life," concerns during training, so that the greater measure of their ability. But opening a dojo is the natural evolu- focus is purely on karate. Breath for some the real challenge is the tion of training, a step that will moving properly with blocks, kicks, kata that is done in slow motion. To further spread the art and fortify and punches, until mind, body, and these students the ability to turn off our system while fortifying us; a spirit are in agreement, in harmony. all tension so that the body moves duty as well as a manifestation of se Reaching your own core, or essence, gracefully and effortlessly, while growth. We thank all those who where there is total power, complete maintaining full speed and power of have done so before us for the exan- calm, and all possibilities. • the "spirit" within, is the real test. • ple and inspiration. ■ KATA POWER constructive. This paradox, destruc- HIT WAVES BACK DESPITE tive/constructive,,is an example of THE OCEAN Training has an uplifting effect. the oriental idea of yin/yang. Out- Kata training can raise your spirits, siders often assume that karate is a What a great view!! It was the natu- it can link body and spirit. You can violent art because we train to ral power of the ocean, with strong experience a oneness, a flash of develop explosive power and focus it powerful waves rolling up and enlightenment. Kata has phys- into devastating killing techniques. drawing us in. At first, this great iological effects too! Kata practice But karate is also a peaceful art, an nature scared a group of white belt can produce temporary relief from art of inner peace that, if developed karate people. When beginning the symptoms of a cold or make a through the loving labor of kata their kata, they heard the angry tired body feel refreshed and invigo- perfection, promotes, health, lon- sound of the sea shooting its power. rated. How does this happen? gevity and — ultimately — Everything else was minuscule in We often refer to CHI in our enlightenment. ■ comparison. In front of the angry training. The concept of Ki, or Chi, ocean their kata became better. goes back to China and is one of the Every movement they made felt like cornerstones of the oriental view real karate. The angry sound became about the order of nature. Put sim- lower and lower in their minds. ply, Chi is a universal force or energy They heard their breath; then they that is in all things. Chi-Kung is a breathed together with every move- Chinese term that refers to the study ment. They were peaceful but of Chi and its relationship with the powerful. They calmed down human body. The Chinese have nature's angry power. What a great been studying this energy for thou- view!! It was a group of people with sands of years and have found dirty white gi's hitting back the applications for it in many areas: waves. • philosophy, religion, meditation, health, healing, longevity, and the martial arts. A TOAST TO MASTER UESHIRO Tai Chi Chuan offers an interest- ing example. It is practiced by many 30 years in this country. people in China and around the 30 years (more!) in karate. world. Tai Chi involves perfecting a Think of the things you have done for 30 years ... long intricate form and repeating it SHADOW WARRIOR at half speed and power. It looks like Your family, your friends, your life, Commitment. a slow motion kata. It requires coor- Simple moves stir foundation, dination of body movement with Think of the commitments you've patience is the key, strive.for made, you've kept, breathing and it circulates and bal- perfection. ances the body's Chi flow. This For 30 years. balanced, circulating Chi nourishes As I stand in the Dojo, On this, the 30th anniversary of the body's organs and spirit which gentle hands turn to power, Master Ueshiro's arrival in this promotes health, healing, and lon- striking the spirit of Shorin. country, gevity. Tai Chi is a martial art but its Slicing, jabbing, cutting air, I am grateful to him for his martial applications are not so moving through openings, looking commitment, widely known nor practiced. Most to drive through the heart of To all of us, To karate, present day practitioners of the art matter. To life! are seekers of health and longevity. Vision the great fight of life where it Arigato. Our kata training offers an inter- all began. esting parallel to Tai-Chi. We work Imagine a dojo on a beach or in a forest of pine trees. in patterned techniques, coordinat- Like steps on a ladder, ing breathing and movement. We The smell of pine needles in the air, each Kata is a higher rung focus our Chi as in Tai-Chi; we are giving strength to one's mind leading to perfection. circulating and balancing our Chi, or letting the breath flow free like nourishing our bodies and spirits. the salty sea. Even though the intent of kata train- Doing kata against the waves, the ing is martial, its effects on health ocean pounding with loose sand The first day one steps into the dojo and spirituality are unmistakably giving way to every move, finding is the first step in a journey of ground to endure to the end. • finding one's true self. FREEDOM THROUGH KARATE Freedom does not necessary mean discussed at the recent Doshokai. leaving N.Y. to get rid of the subway We should not let that stop us from It has now been 30 years since Mas- congestion. It can, with time, be training, even if we can't go on the ter Ansei Ueshiro came to this found on the deck in the dojo, as the deck. Perhaps let the body train country. When he came he had this body and mind become less of an light and give the mind a harder great task in front of him; to bring obstacle to itself. The moves and class. Perhaps the mind will be able Shorin-Ryu Karate with him, and technique will become freer and to take home something that is us who practice this ancient art form hopefully will end in the perfection much more important for that day, can hardly express our appreciation where the moves just flow. than the 50 deep knee bends that of this contribution to America with America and especially N.Y. was missed. If unable to train we ca adequate spirit. stands for me not just for freedom, observe a class and learn. When I came to America I had but diversity of cultures, ideas, races Freedom is knowing that there is few ideas about what it would be and ways of life. always something more; you will like. The ones that I had were prob- Also here karate-do makes perfect never bump your head against the ably common for most people who sense. There is no one particular type ceiling because there is no ceiling. arrive to America from somewhere of person that is better fit for karate Bearing in mind that karate is 90% else. Freedom is to be found here in than others, but all types and ages: mental this is especially true. this huge country, great nature sites small ones, old ones, skinny ones Observe the "perfect kata" and and impressive monuments. Never and not so skinny ones, and we all know that beauty we see, is only a would I have thought of finding get a different color when we train. small part of the whole. karate. Like America is big enough for American expansion on the Nort I had an invisible conflict between extremes, karate is big enough for American continent stopped many karate and my ideas about the free- extremes too. The taller person can decades ago, and we do not experi- dom I had hoped to find here. train and get full benefit with the ence any economic growth either, Shorin-Ryu Karate can not be sepa- shortest. but isn't karate-do a way where rated from a rather strict discipline; Freedom. We will find it where American can still grow? we can not laugh or smile during there are no limits. We will always I feel very lucky that I'm part of class, there is a certain way of doing find limits in our bodies, but with this and again I'd like to thank everything, and most things are very karate we can learn to stretch this Master Ueshiro for introducing thi controlled; from our facial expres- limit, or even pass the one we ancient tradition to America, for sions to the execution of technique. thought we had. sharing this valuable knowledge To me all these things were the Sometimes it seems as if our mind with people here. I'd also like to opposite of freedom, so why would has no limits. In certain situations I thank Sensei Scaglione, Sensei I choose this thing apparently con- know there is at least one. I came to Baker and everybody else who help trary to my goals? think of one situation we probably this tradition grow, in the spirit of I'm learning that freedom can be all have been in or will be in at some the old Okinawan masters. ■ found through this, in the commit- point; training with injuries. It was ment and persistency inherent in karate. Freedom is also to be found in the moment, exactly what karate is about — being able to train 100%, whether it be sitting seiza, doing kata at half speed, showing courtesy, or sweeping the dojo floor. This pertains to everything else we do in life, therefore karate will be an aid to other goals we have in life, not a limitation. Freedom is to learn because one can have an open free mind, in fact has to have, to get the full benefit, also exactly what karate is. "Zen mind, beginner's mind." They walked in this manner for some time, discussing the experi- ences they had shared, the correct manner of approaching a battle, the time to prepare for conflict, and the time to avoid thgagement. As the AWARENESS (MAI) - A PARABLE plummeting to earth immediately late afternoon began to turn to dusk behind him and to his right, on the In the time of the Shogunate in they talked, too, of the manner in opposite side of his teacher. In that ancient Japan, an aging samurai and which one learns to use the sword, same instant, he also knew that his teacher, whose sword had never the right way to draw, the time to venerable friend and instructor had been defeated, and his best and most cut and the time to slash, the dif- not heard the sound because of the accomplished disciple, who had just ference between the two and how loss of hearing his age had wrought. returned from battle and had this knowledge enables one to reach In the twinkling that these realiza- become known throughout the victory. And they talked most con- tions came into his mind, he knew, kingdom as the best swordsman of sistently about the correct state of too, that with his deftness he could his day, were spending a quiet day mind, of awareness, necessary draw his sword, step, turn and slash together walking through the immediately to recognize what the acorn before it hit the ground, woods outside of Edo (now Tokyo). effort was required and the best way even before the brilliant swordsman The venerable master swordsman to execute it, whether it was armies at his side knew why he was moving was still a formidable fighter, but at war or a struggle between two at all. With his thoughts moving at age had begun to diminish his individual combatants. breakneck speed, his body reacted; senses — his eyesight was no longer This talk of awareness led them to his draw was so fast that it was as acute and his hearing had begun discuss at length the application of almost invisible and his katana to weaken. Yet, his body was still the correct attitudes and the Way of moved so quickly that the acorn did that of a soldier, and his mind was as the sword, dwelling often on the not reveal that he had successfully keen as ever, as was his skill with the nine elements of the Way, as cut it in half, until it hit the ground sword. Indeed, only because of his described by Miyamoto Musashi: and the halves separated. advancing years had he lately begun 1. Do not think dishonestly. 2. The By now, of course, the older man to think that perhaps his friend and Way is in training. 3. Become had observed what was occurring finest student might now be the acquainted with every art. 4. Know and knew that his student had better of the two, a thought he the Ways of all professions. 5. Dis- accomplished a remarkable feat of mentioned to his young comrade. tinguish between gain and loss in skill and agility. The young master Since they would never fight, the worldly matters. 6. Develop intu- slowly turned to his sensei, bowed, younger man replied, it was a matter itive judgment and understanding and said, "Is there anyone else in the of no consequence and no further for everything. 7. Perceive those Shogunate who could have done discussion was required. The master things which cannot be seen. 8. Pay that? You yourself hadn't even heard accepted this with a wan smile, attention even to trifles. 9. Do the acorn when I had already begun knowing he had pleased his student, nothing which is of no use. to strike." And he bowed again, but that the young man still showed As the day became dusk, they even more deeply than the first time him the proper humility and moved more and more often into "Thank you for teaching me," he respect. silence, each understanding that the added, believing this appropriate It was a warm, late summer day, meditations of the other were as show of humility compensated for with almost no breeze at all and the important as the discussion between the excess of pride he was feeling forest was virtually silent, but for the them. Finally, one long silence took and showing. twittering of a few birds and the them into twilight. The night air There was a long moment during infrequent scurrying of an occa- began to grow cooler and the forest which the master did not respond, sional small animal. They walked noises grew softer, as even the birds and the solitude of the forest closed unhurriedly, taking in the forest began to prepare for the coming in around them. As the younger odors, sights, and sounds, and dis- night; the sylvan hush grew still man watched with puzzled eyes, his cussing their lives and learning. deeper. teacher's demeanor gradually soft- Everything the young swordsman At this moment, the young mas- ened in the moonlight, and then knew about fighting and surviving ter heard a soft noise, too soft to be saddened. After what seemed an he had learned from his master, and called a noise, a mere stirring, in the eternity, but had been only a min- he reveled in the fact that his sensei branches overhead. With the train- ute, the master replied mournfully, not only treated him with deep ing which was so much a part of "But my son, it was only an acorn." affection, but also with the mutual him, he recognized that this almost With this, the aged samurai respect borne of countless hours of intimate reverberation was the walked into the darkness, alone. • training side by side, and defeating sound of an acorn losing its grip on all those who had come before the great oak under which they were them. passing, and he knew that it was KARA - THE EMPTINESS

In learning karate—do, I have learned that my mind must play the major role in my training. Because, as I was taught, karate is 90% mental and 10% physical. That is why as we enter the dojo, we have to learn to empty our minds to prepare our- selves before training so that we can concentrate and focus on karate and also be ready to learn what our sensei has to offer. As deshi we will be able to learn and receive better with an empty mind. To concentrate, I have to leave the world outside the dojo behind me and enter into a "new" world. Every training session is a new beginning that fills our minds with BUBISHI (martial art spirit). Being clear in our thoughts, attitude and under- standing helps us to better know ourselves, our sensei, fellow deshi, sempai and the way of the warrior. Kara doesn't just mean weap- onless. I feel that when we face adversity, our minds must be empty, clear of all thoughts so that we can defend ourselves without resorting to violence and not let our emotions control us. The hardest training we face is the training of our mind, and this includes our attitudes and emo- tions. Together we can make it easier by helping each other through this narrow road. ■

I never met Sensei's Sensei And yet I learned his kata; I know the Master In this way; Shorin-Ryu way. Without his journey so many Would never know themselves. Domo Arigato Gozaimasu, Master Ueshiro! over for ships traveling between They are also the underpinnings those two nations. Okinawa's strate- of karate-do. Sensei Scaglione in his gic location made it a place where book indicates, these cultures could cross-pollinate; The truth inherent in Karate has been a uniquely fertile ground where the made manifest by countless hours of best of both worlds.could grow" practice, innumerable repetitions of SUN TZU: THE ART OF WAR With respect to its influence on AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE kata and techniques, throughout karate-do this cross pollination is decades and entire lifetimes. STUDY OF SHORIN-RYU evidenced through the Okinawan KARATE-DO It is a lifetime marathon as we have karate master Sakugawa who lived heard so often and if ever any practi- Sun Tzu lives in the shadows of in Shuri over two hundred years ago tioner has cause to use the art, only history. Not unlike other figures in and learned the art of To-te in Chinese history such as Lao Tzu and China. Confucius a mystery surrounds him. When did he exist? Was he the author? Did he exist? These ques- tions still are under scholarly debate. They are also irrelevant, for what is important is his work. the skills honed through thorough Written over 2,000 years ago, The study will provide the edge in his or Art of War is still considered one of her conflict. the most comprehensive works on Karate ni sente nashi — There is the subject. The noted British mili- no first strike in karate — is the moral tary historian, Sir Basil Liddell The Chinese masters of self- anchor of Shorin-Ryu Karate-do. Hart, has referred to Sun Tzu's Sensei Scaglione tells us, essays as "the concentrated essence defense performed their art in secret of wisdom on the conduct of war." in Okinawa during its occupation Karate embodies physical, emotional and spritival values which may be The work is brief yet focused on by the Japanese Satsuma clan in the the fundamentals of tactics and 17th century. During this period applied to all phases of one's everyday strategy. The concepts are ever- their kata was integrated with the life . . Once presented, all challenges green. Leaders such as Mao Okinawan art of te. Kusanku, a Chi- will be swiftly dealt with through one's Zedung*, General Douglas Mac- nese expert in self-defense, gave one spirit, strength and character This is Arthur, Ho Chi Minh, and the of the more famous demonstrations the objective and reward of dedication "Nintendo Warrior" General Nor- of this integration of techniques in to Karate. This is Master Ueshiro's mal Schwarzkopf have studied and 1761 in what was to become the philosophy. This is our philosophy. This applied its principles. The precepts Kusanku kata. is our Shorin-Ryu system. are equally applicable to the most The Art of War predated the What follows is a brief discussion micro conflagration in the realm of development of open handed mar- of some of the tenets of Sun Tzu and combat, the one-on-one, person-to- tial arts by over a thousand years. their relationship and application to person encounter. However, the application of its prin- Shorin-Ryu training. Before we examine the application ciples were widespread and For to win one hundred victories in one of some of Sun Tzu's precepts, it is certainly, as we shall see later, had an hundred battles is not the acme of skill. important to understand the general influence on the philosophical, tac- To subdue the enemy without fighting cultural linkage between China and tical and strategic aspects of the is the acme of skill. Okinawa. I believe this connection martial arts. The cultural exchange between China and Okinawa dis- There is no first strike in karate — is responsible for the transfer of the foundation of our system. Phys- certain key elements of martial cussed by Sensei Scaglione and the influences of Chinese martial arts ical combat is to be used only as a thought to Okinawa which have last resort. The truly experienced manifested themselves in the under- practioners on the Okinawan arts support this conclusion. practitioner will first avoid situa- pinnings of karate-do. tions that may be confrontational. Rooted and developed in The opening verse of Sun Tzu's Secondly, the practitioner will try to Okinawa, Shorin-Ryu Karate-do classic is the foundation of his phi- diffuse those situations that are was heavily influenced by Chinese losophy. unavoidable through negotiation, martial arts and thought. Sensei War is a grave concern of the state; it guile or other means. We have Robert Scaglione in his work, must be thoroughly studied. learned our art well if we can Shorin-Ryu Okinawan Karate Ques- He believed that the moral character achieve victory in these situations tion and Answer Book indicates, and intellectual ability of man were without fighting. Only after avoid- "Okinawa, the main island in the decisive in conflict and would be ance has failed should we resort to Ryukyu chain, is located midway pivotal in achieving success. Thor- the use of our art. There are few between Japan and China. For cen- ough study and moral character instance where resorting to combat turies it served as a convenient stop form the basis for success according is justifiable as the Karate creed to Sun Tzu. implies weight); and a = acceleration, or a change in velocity (of your fist). The force (power) of the punch results from the acceleration of the mass of your entire body, although you're only striking with the two KARATE AND PHYSICS knuckles on your right fist. Accelera- TAIVIASHIWARI Mystics understand the roots of the Tao tion of the fist results from moving but not its branches; scientists under- Believing...my bones are stronger the entire body forward, pulling than this wood block before me stand the branches but not its roots. your non-punching arm back, and Science does not need mysticism and twisting (or torquing) the hips. This Concentrating ... eves focused on mysticism does not need science, but twisting of the hips is particularly the target man needs both. — F Capra, "The Tao important, because it involves a Understanding ...that "failure" will of Physics" rotational or angular force (angular open up this opportunity I don't know if any of the Shinden momentum) which is much to me again were trained physicists but the basic stronger than the 'linear' force Remembering ... drop my moves of karate show that they had described in the Second Law of weight... speed plus mass equals a very good intuitive feel for phys- Motion. An even more dramatic power ics. Some of the basic laws of example of angular momentum is Feeling my heart race I await my motion are applied in the kata the transition from the second to the turn Fukyugata Ichi. Consider what hap- third movement in the kata, where pens in the transition from the first you 'spin around' 180° back into Breathing... it's quicker than usual to second movements in the kata. In Zenkutsu-dachi and execute a Anticipating ... the impact of hand the second movement the deshi, Gedan-uke. You can feel how much slicing through wood from Z,enkutsu-dachi, steps up to a more force is generated by this spin Envisioning... the heel crashing natural walking stance and punches. than a 'straight ahead' technique. through brick Punching is simply applying a force While it is not important to be I've never felt more ready to face a with the fist, so Newton's Second able to reduce karate to a bunch of challenge Law of Motion applies: f = ma equations — something inexplicably I stare down at the wood where f= force (something that important would be lost anyway if it's a reflection produces a change in the motion of you tried — at the same time it is very of me a body, i.e., your opponent); m = interesting that it all has a basis in Arigato ■ mass (for our purpose, your physical science, too. • ■-ct Lanny IL 11741.111CN cl 1111111111U111 1111.1%.,1111,11U14.1 ULaUly, IL level of mental discipline to return breathtaking. It is where an individ- to the dojo after the initial two or ual can really take stock in himself, three classes. Some of the new stu- to see if he has "the right stuff." dents drop out of karate after At first it would seem an environ- realizing the amount of work and ment as harsh as this would have KARATE DISCIPLINE dedication it takes to remain in class. little in common with Shorin-Ryu Those that continue face other chal- Karate, but a closer look will find The role of physical and mental dis- lenges that require an additional the Outback and Shorin-Ryu are cipline in the study of karate cannot degree of discipline. The challenges very complementary. be overstated. may include financial hardship, con- Shorin-Ryu, being a "hard" style. Physical discipline is the ability of flicting activities, injuries, physical can be very devastating and power- your body to obey the instructions limitations, illness, or just plain ful, yet the movements are fluid and sent to it from your brain. Almost laziness. How many times have we graceful, almost ballet-like. There is everyone has minimal motor hesitated to go to class because we an intrinsic beauty in the kata that capabilities which were developed in did not feel like it or because it was can cloud the storm of energy in early childhood. In karate we strive too hot or too cold. But, having which it lies. The waza are technical to further develop these capabilities gone, we were rewarded with that precise, and not without meaning. by constant repetition and refine- good feeling of having tried our best The Outback is similar; display- ment of technique. By doing this, and of having not given in to ing the majestic MacDonnell the body acquires the physical disci- weakness. Ranges, The Great Sandy Desert, pline to perform the desired and the spectacular Ayers Rock. TIN movement upon receiving the people live in harmony with nature appropriate signal from the brain. It here, yet they realize the very ele- ments that contain this grandeur an the same elements that can bring about their demise. Shorin-Ryu teaches respect from the moment a deshi enters the dojo; that respect is carried with him for the rest of his life. It is that respect which the deshi uses as his vehicle n progress through the ranks; to learn the art in the correct form and with the proper perspective. Respect for the elements, like- wise, is paramount to Shorin-Ryu training here. Training is best done may take years, or even decades, to But what requires the most men- just prior to dusk; by then the achieve this level of discipline, tal discipline is performing a kata ground is starting to cool, the flies depending on one's natural abilities many times, each time making many have left until morning, and the and the intensity of the training. mistakes, and not giving up. We snakes have returned to their homes Once achieved, this level of disci- push ourselves to our physical and among the rocks. But then, the kan- pline can only be maintained mental limits concentrating on each garoos begin to emerge from their through constant reinforcement. If technique, hoping to get it right, habitats, to observe this curious fig- one stops training, the capabilities just once. ure, all alone, yet fighting an quickly deteriorate. The longer the We can see from this, that to have imagninary enemy. lapse in training, the longer it takes any hope of mastering karate Shorin-Ryu training is difficult at to regain the capabilities once train- requires substantial amounts of both best, due to the isolation and not ing is resumed. physical and mental discipline, and, being a member of a local dojo. As important as physical disci- furthermore, that studying karate That is when the deshi reaches deep pline is to karate, the true art of will increase the degree of both. • down and realizes that the lessons karate cannot be mastered without taught to him by his Sensei are not the corresponding development of KATA AMONG THE KANGAROOS lost or forgotten, but merely a bit mental discipline. I would define more challenging to grasp. For me, mental discipline as the ability of The Outback of Australia. Isolated. one day I would again like to experi your mind to control and coordinate Lonely. The kind of place where ence the electrifying sensation that the signals sent out by the brain. I nature is uncompromising. Tem- only training in a dojo can provide. would also define it as the will peratures can soar to 140° in the day, Until then, I can only continue power to overcome the obstacles and plunge to freezing at night. training and know the collective that are placed before us, and the Poisonous snakes are plentiful, as Shorin-Ryu "spirit" will be with me determination to achieve the goals well as the pesky bush flies. Yet it is whilst I practice my kata among the that we seek. also a place that is filled with so kangaroos. • . . . 3110U1U i oe rorceu to uerenu anu appileu at me wrong time taller opponent requires oringing myself, my honor or my principles; would render any focused technique the fight in close — closing distance should it be a matter of right or useless. quickly using elbow smashes and wrong, life or death ... In tactically dealing with an palm heel strikes to key target areas. Sun Tzu's insight into prepara- opponent Sun Tzu offers the follow- These are just some examples. tion is particularly relevant to our ing advice. Deshi should train kurnite and approach to training. Appear at places to which he must bunkai often and with opponents of hasten; move swiftly where he does not varying sizes, weights and skills. The It is a doctrine of war not to assume the study of when to apply specific tech- enemy will not come, but rather to rely expect you. In a fighting situation an oppo- niques is as important as the study on one's readiness to meet him; not to of the techniques themselves. presume that he will not attack, but nent must be kept off balance. Most rather to make one's self invincible. opponents, in this country, would Both advantage and danger are inher- ent in maneuver. Training should be a constant not expect a kick and would very endeavor; we should always be pre- likely be unable to deal with such a Said another way — every action pared for any situation that may strike. Closing distance quickly can has a reaction. Every technique has a require the use of our skills. Train- catch an opponent by surprise. block and a counter. A strong foun- ing should not be done for the sole Attacking instead of blocking when dation will help withstand almost purpose of testing or other unique an opponent attacks is another tech- any block. Quick blocks will deflect events. Readiness means consistent nique aimed at doing the unexpected. counter-attacks. However, the deshi training week by week, month by Sun Tzu emphasizes making must be aware of the weaknesses and month and year by year to meet any quick assessments of the enemy and strengths of the techniques used; for challenge any time. devising tactics and strategy to meet example, kicks may place the user off Sun Tzu's view on the duration of the need. balance for a split second and war is simple and proved true Now an army may be likened to water, punches to the face may leave the throughout history. for just as flowing water avoids the groin exposed. Knowing the weak- heights and hastens to the lowlands, so ness/exposure in techniques is as For there has never been a protracted important as knowing the strengths war from which a country has an army avoids strength and strikes weakness. of techniques. benefited. * * * While Sun Tzu discusses warfare It is sufficient to estimate the enemy situation correctly and to concentrate The foregoing are just a few of the his point is equally applicable to a many relevant passages of Sun Tzu's person-to-person encounter. One your strength to capture his. There is not more to it than this. He who lacks work. The Art of War is short and strike, one technique is all that it concise and on the surface simple, should take to defeat an opponent. foresight and underestimates his enemy will surely be captured by him. yet every reader brings new That is the goal. Once two oppo- thoughts and interpretations. Its nents start to "face-off" and On a person-to-person level these principles are timeless and their "posture." the fight will be long and precepts are linked and quite basic. application broad. Any serious stu- more difficult to win. The opponent must be "sized up" dent of karate-do would benefit Timing, momentum and the con- quickly. Is he taller or shorter than greatly from the study of Sun Tzu's you? Does he appear stronger or centration of force were recognized The Art of War. ■ by Sun Tzu as critical elements in weaker? It he armed? Is he heavier? Are glasses worn? These assessments achieving success. *It is interesting to note that the younger mem- When the strike of a hawk breaks the must be made quickly and a plan of bers of Chiang'Kai-shek's officer corp considered the work out of date. body of its prey it is because of timing. attack developed accordingly. Thus the momentum of one skilled in A stronger opponent would more war is overwhelming, and his attack readily be defeated through attacks precisely regulated. to the groin and knees. To take the advantage of reach away from a Kiai literally means "spirit con- vergence" or "energy concentra- tion." By using Kiai the maximum life force is focused in a killing tech- nique against an opponent. One of the goals of our practice and study erd of karate is to be able to concentrate this energy, or the desired amount of energy, at the right time onto the selected target. Too little energy would be ineffective; too much may bring about an undesirable result; COURAGE

I have long known that courage — true courage — never comes from a fighting skill such as karate, or expertise with a weapon like a knife or firearm. True courage can only come from within one's self. A cou- rageous man knows his limitations, but isn't afraid to push himself past existing barriers to establish new ones. The truly courageous man is the one who is unafraid of being himself— for better or for worse. He's not complacent, and is right- fully unashamed of himself. Since my newly resumed journey upon the martial path, I have met several such ,within limits, to want one men; one stands out in my thoughts thing or a ver y Few things, very much and love them and receives much admiration. He is dearly, cling to them, surmey SOME DAYS.... not a sensei and yet to me he is. He them from every ahgle, be- Come one v.ti as them -th at On some days at the dojo, pictures is not a black belt, a brown belt, or iS what makeS the poet. of our past and present masters are even a green belt. He is, like myself, the artist. the human being, only pictures and photographs a white belt. The lesson he has re- - Johann Goethe _,,.,,, behind glass. But on other days I taught me is probably one of the might look up and wonder how they most important lessons I've ever began karate and what did they learned. I seldom see him, but the learn. Perhaps after a series of kicks valuable example he has given me is or punches, a glance at one of the with me each time I step into the masters may catch hold and transmit dojo. This fellow student has very some subtle message. Once I looked pointedly reminded me that we only up and felt "Responsibility," not as fail when we fail to try. In a world so hearing a word but more of a feeling over-filled with complacency and of continuation. Accept the self dis- the "I can't" attitude, Gary has cipline of karate, learn respect, win stood tall — a man in a world of so the battle of mental vs. physical. many mice. I think of his courage in Perhaps the most valuable lesson to During a kata, on another day, I the face of great adversity (suffered learn is that in karate, as in life, one caught the old master's look again. in a devastating auto accident) and gets out of it exactly what is put Build strength, build stamina, curb am humbled. During training, into it. • your distracting ego, do not give up when I feel weak, when I'm sure that these responsibilities to yourself.... I can't continue, I think of Gary. all this transmitted in the wink of an And I overcome. • eye from that picture on the wall. And on some days when bowing out, as my fingertips touch the dojo floor, through the silence, our mas- ters give their nodding bow of approval. •

THE GARDEN Two men each have a small plot of land. One clears the land, fertilizes, plants and tends his garden. He produces beautiful flowers and useful plants. The other man clears the land, then loses interest in gar- dening and moves on looking for something better. His land pro- duces some beautiful wild flowers but is soon overgrown with weeds and thorns. So it is in the study of Karate-Do. • THANKS FOR THE bricks. Yes, these are important FOUNDATION OPPORTUNITY: physical elements in our training. THE PURSUIT OF However, the essence of what we do It was a typical winter morning in THE UNATTAINABLE is far better represented by the February: cloudy, blustery, damp other, more important qualities and cold. Added to this was an Spirit, intensity, focus, keen described above and the attitudes incessant chill rain. As always, I was awareness of self and surroundings, with which we pursue them. We looking out my kitchen window as balance, inner calmness, courtesy carry these with us to all other was eating an orange. and respect for others... All are crit- dimensions of our lives — our fam- The weather the previous eveninl ical elements of Karate-do. In our ilies, our jobs, our communities, and had been particularly ugly. The dojo we pursue the perfection of our friends. winds had torn some of the exterior each in pools of perspiration. We are Shorin-Ryu provides us the wiring from the mooring of the not frustrated in the knowledge that opportunity for a disciplined pur- recently-installed cable TV system. perfection is unattainable. We suit of the perfection of these To my immediate right was a tree accept that the value lies in its pur- qualities. It is an opportunity which no more than five or six feet from suit. We are not hung up by ego. We is deeply appreciated. We are my window. My eye caught a squir- are relentless in search of our own indebted to Scaglione Sensei, the rel's nest perched precariously on weaknesses and imperfections, so founder of our dojo, and to Baker the bared limbs. The nest swayed that we may correct them and forge Sensei, who has carried on as with the wind-blown branches ... them into our strengths. We do not Shihan since our founder's depar- but, amazingly, the nest HELD! expect instant gratification. We take ture to carry Shorin-Ryu to Florida. I couldn't help but be struck by pleasure in knowing that our learn- Importantly, Hanshi Ueshiro, we the parallel of a feature of our train- ing will stretch over years and years. recognize that none of this oppor- ing, i.e., rooting — the necessity of a We are thankful to those who have tunity would have existed without good foundation before executing a the patience to teach us and to those the courage, spirit, and dedication technique. Fantastic! • from whom we learn when we you exemplified when you left your teach. With each step in this lifetime homeland as a pioneer to bring REFLECTIONS ON marathon we experience personal Shorin-Ryu to the United States. SAKUGAWA Bo RATA: growth and enhanced perspective... On this Thirtieth Anniversary of THE FAVORITE OF HANSIH Pause for a moment and reflect: that event, all of your deshi thank There has been no mention here of you very much. DOMO After practicing Grand Master punches and kicks, or boards and ARIGATO!! • Ansei Ueshiro's favorite bo kata for about four years I made a curious discovery. The left foot remains firmly planted in the same location for the last third of the kata. As imaginary opponents attack from si different directions, all are dealt with without leaving the "spot." I could attach little meaning to the kata's strategy until last August, when Sensei Judy Scaglione pub- lished an article in the Merritt Islam Dojo Newsletter. Sensei Judy described a conversation she had with Hanshi on the subject of loy- alty and the importance of "one dojo, one sensei." In other words, they were discussing the value of "staying in one place." Rooted to the spot. It suddenly became clear that Hanshi's bo kata is not about flashy movements or jumping all over the deck ("Yo-yo idea"). The kata is an expression of Sensei's firm belief that you commit to the place where you practice your martial art. Master Ansei Ueshiro performing bo kata. adhered to very strictly. Medicine, most notably acu- There are many excuses why we puncture and acupressure, utilize should miss a training session, but knowledge of the meridians through we should not use any of them. which this energy flows to promote Coming to class should become just healing from various illnesses. like putting your,shoes on in the Ki is psycho-physical, meaning CONDUCTING A CLASS morning. that physical training, such as the In a way it's like being a movie We just do it. various movements we undertake in director. The director sees the film as The more we sweat in peace, the Shorin-Ryu Karate practice, and the a whole, the whole picture, as a less we bleed in war. • clarity of mind which develops from teacher may see a whole kata or it, both contribute to the cultivation technique. But he has to communi- STRENGTH, 441(i" AND "HARA" of smooth and strong energy flow. cate what he wants to his actor/ Keeping the body as relaxed as pos- student, step by step, scene by The cultivation of ki is certainly of sible is integral to fostering the flow scene, so he can stay true to his paramount importance in karate of ki, and thus building real vision — the big picture. In the case practice. The Japanese word "ki" is a strength. of a teacher, it would be to stay true transliteration of the word "chi" in The hara is a point about two to the tradition of Shorin-Ryu Chinese, which in turn was derived fingers width below the navel, and is Karate. It is very important to pass from the Sanskrit word "prana." described as the center of gravity of on accurate information. Specifically speaking, prana is body and mind. In the West, we Teaching is a big responsibility. described as the vital life energy usually imagine our being as ema- You have to be very wise. You have which animates our body and mind. nating from our head or brain, to know when to stop talking and This energy can be blocked through resulting in a kind of top-heaviness, just do it. To teach is to learn. tension and stress, or cultivated but the Eastern martial arts and Because as you teach someone else, through meditation and martial arts yogic traditions unanimously teach your words come back to you with a practice, and can be noticed as a sort the hara is the central point we need lot of clarity. Whether it's correcting of flow which animates our every to be aware of. a move, or explaining a new kata, action. Certain forms of Oriental you get a fresh look at your own training. ■

In many karate classes there is an "electricity" generated during kata practice. When the group is soaking wet with sweat the dojo is filled with a "special" life. It is as though we have all just won the "big game," and everyone is MVP. •

It is a good feeling knowing that you can walk down the street and fear no man. But at the same time, there is the responsibility that goes along with the gift. Strive to be humble, not egotistical. Be long on patience and understanding, short on harshness and quick- temperedness. ■

KARATE We are soldiers in an elite organiza- tion. Each of us must strive to move forward. The more we train, the more we gain. We have to be fully committed in order to get the most out of our training. Our training schedule should be Master Ansei Ueshiro performing yakusoku Inunite. Walking: You're walking along when someone, who you don't know, walks up alongside of you an starts to talk to you. Self defense technique #4: Walk faster. IN A STORE: In a department store: The store is crowded and noisy. There's a half price sale on all merchandise for oth day only. The salesperson waiting on you is becoming impatient "What's it gonna be?" he says. You haven't decided. "I can't wait all day. Can't you se( I'm busy. What's the matter? You stupid or something? Self defense technique #5: Just say, Six SELF DEFENSE TECHNIQUES "I'm so sorry to take up your time. need a little more time to choose. WHEN TAKING PUBLIC Please help someone else while I TRANSPORTATION: decide. Thank you." Waiting for a bus: You've been wait- Self defense technique #2: Tune in SOMEWHERE FAMILIAR: ing patiently on line, in the rain, for your car radio to a country music You can't believe it: This only hap- the next bus or perhaps you've station. pens to someone else. Not you. But decided to hail a cab when suddenly IN THE STREET: there you are. Your back is now someone pushes in front of you on Walking: You're walking down a against the wall. You've tried to wal line or darts past you to grab the city street on your way to work. away but were blocked. You've trio door handle of the cab before you Ahead of you are three youths who to reason but to no avail. You've can get to it. don't seem to fit into the normal tried to give them your money, you Self defense technique #1: Say "Please flow of people walking. At the pace watch, even your special ring you go ahead. You must be in a hurry." you're walking you will come swore you would never take off, bu IN YOUR CAR: alongside of them on the next street. that doesn't seem to be enough. Driving a car: You're driving at the Self defense technique #3: Slow down You've looked for help but no one speed limit in the center lane when and cross to the other side of the around. You keep looking for an someone not only passes you on the street. escape route, but there is none. right hand side at about 95 mph but Self defense technique #6: From you also cuts in front of you and prac- Hara. With all your spirit. With ful tically takes off your front right speed and power. Holding nothing headlight. back: EXPLODE! • Karate is fun. You really should try it. It gets you in a good mood. Even though you don't want to go, when you get there you don't want to leave. That's what Karate is to me. LEARNING TO LEARN pen. Imagination lets you see and "Life is not a problem to be solved, but Some critical elements in the 'style feel the meaning of the technique a reality to be experienced" of learning.' unfold before it actually does. Lis- Kirkegaard Will: When a student steps onto ten, watch and feel for it, but don't It's easy to view karate as a series of the deck, the Sempai is ready to chase after it. It is elusive. obstacles: teach, therefore the student should Concentration: The other tool of • Developing a proper zenkutsu- be ready to learn. Exercise in Will. learning is concentration. Con- dachi When the gift of new material is centration is focusing the awareness • Learning Pinan Shodan offered, one shouldn't miss the in order to act. We select, execute, • Or my personal favorite: pushups chance to collect 'Sugar.' Old habits and live with it. Concentration also on fingertips keep us alive but do not bring us to includes focusing on what is hap- pening right now, within and In fact, the sequence of training — greatness, whereas new habits might most notably the kata — is designed do both. The quality of learning around you. Let go of all those things in your mind that aren't hap- increasingly to challenge the stu- depends on many things. We can all dent's skills as he/she progresses. learn by doing it, by seeing it, by pening at the moment, such as business deals, relationships, wor- This makes a lot of sense. Unfor- hearing it and by feeling it. tunately, we as students all too often Courage: Temporary failure is the ries, anxieties, problems, and solutions. Push them fearlessly aside put our minds in the mode of "this centerpiece of learning. We rekindle is new and difficult to do" rather our courage by remembering that for the time you are training on the deck. than simply accepting the experi- failure is fleeting, natural and, if you ence of learning something more let it, helpful. We must allow our- Practice: Practice is sacred. It implies repetition, effort and com- challenging! This "karate is a prob- selves the luxury of our errors. We lem" mindset inevitably results must learn to cue ourselves at the mitment. Good practice is an immersion. This is the essence of (speaking, unfortunately, from per- moment of error, to remind our- sonal experience) in a great deal of selves right then that our mistake is kata. Practice is the opposite of drudgery. unnecessary frustration and is, I a benefit, something to learn from. believe, the main reason for the high The will to change and the courage Will, courage, awareness, imag- ination, concentration, practice. attrition rate of new deshi. Experi- to fail along the way make us calm ence and benefit from the challenges and confident. Taken together, these six principles form a unified technique for you to at your present skill level; you'll use to improve your learning skills. • never have the benefit of them again. •

Joyce Santamaria, 1st woman promoted to blackbelt in the USA by Master Ueshiro.

Awareness: We are aware when we are free to catch, screen and absorb, all the signals from our senses. We direct our senses to select and receive the signals from the environ- ment that are pertinent to the art of Judith T. Sciglione, Yon Dan, 2nd woman promoted to blackbelt in the USA by Master Ueshiro. karate. We intensify our awareness We are women of Shorin-Ryu under With respect through conscious listening, seeing, Master Ansei Ueshiro. and humility. feeling, and imagining — eyes, ears, We train hard With a strong eagerness to learn. touch and mind's eye. Our eyes and have much spirit. Steely eyes must constantly move over our We train diligently show great determination, opponent. They look for nothing in alongside the men. will, and vitality. particular, yet they always feel the Yet we are not men — Our bowing heads target. The eyes do not flinch or We are women! signify honor and reverence break to the side. Awareness carries With grace to the Shinden. the athlete to understanding. and power. We are proud of the style we practice Imagination: Imagination is the and in awe of its capacities. awareness of what is about to hap- We are an important part of the art. .til./ItIJN -KY U .KAKATE Karate has taught me: I have no RULES AND REGULATIONS limits. GRAND MASTER ANSE! UESHIRO I no longer look at a challenge and say, "I'm not sure if I can." 1. A meeting of all black belts will I now say, "I will." be held once a year on the first And I dig in. And I learn. Often Sunday in December. slowly. Patiently. Humbly. 2. All black belt testing will be sanc- And I push, And I stick with it. tioned by Master Ueshiro. It is not given to me to know how 3. There will be a 3-year training many steps are necessary in order to I'm an athlete now. .. reach my goal. Failure I may still In all aspects of my life. minimum before a deshi can take the Sho-Dan test. All Sho-Dan encounter at the thousandth step. I'll get there. Step by step. Never will I know how close my black belts must wait 2 years Whatever it takes. before being able to test for Ni- goal lies unless I fail to take that Thank you, Master Ueshiro. Dan. This requirement holds for next step. • ■ Thank you, all my Sensei. all subsequent black belt ranks (San-Dan, etc.). All black belt tests are given at the discretion of the Dojo Shihan. 4. Only San-Dan rank may open and run the dojo. 5. A dojo license, obtainable only from Master Ueshiro, will be issued upon payment of a license fee to the Sensei of the applicant. This fee will be paid by the applicant. 6. A Shihan (dojo owner) must own and run only one dojo. 7. In an emergency or special situa- tion, under San-Dan rank may open and run a dojo if the follow- ing conditions are met: (a) must be sponsored by the applicant's sensei; (b) then subjected to approval of board of Shihans (dojo owners) and Master Ueshiro. 8. A dojo may not be opened within Early photo of Master Ueshiro. Master Ueshiro performing Chinto. 10 miles of another dojo except if located in a major city. ■

mrroBJAL BOARD: Sensei Robert Scaglione, Peter Van Westering, Jeffrey Moriber, Douglas P. Jacobs, Rob Smith, Jules Hecht, Nelson DeGracia The following people have contributed to the production of this journal: Dale Adamson, David Baker, Ken Barlow, Jr., Don Barnhart, Jeffrey Bauman, Ann Billock, Jeffrey M. Brooks, Brien Caufield, Howard Cook, William Cummins, Nelson DeGracia, Oscar Dominguez, Thomas R. Dujardin, Mike Falcone, Suzanne Fisher, William H. Friesell, Eddie Garcia, Casey Garstka, Jules Hecht, Montague T. Henry, Robert Hodes, Douglas P. Jacobs, Daniel Liew, Steve Lott, Michael Lushington, Violet Lynch, Kim MacMillan, Kathy McMahon, Michael Mackay, Michael Margulis, Jimmie Meyers, Alisia Miller, Inga Mohr, Jeffrey Moriber, Courtney Narkovitz, Adam Nicolopolis, Ken Oscarson, Bill Pepper, Andy Phillips, Bob Phillips, Julie Pokol, Al Rappaport, Kevin L. Reymond, Tyler Ricard, Joe Roberts, Jonathan Rosman, Gina Savage, Judith T. Scaglione, Robert Scaglione, Frank Schackart, Cecile Schoberle, Rob Smith, Dave Stenhouse, Michael Taint, Peter Van Westering, Casey Verbert, Sujicn Whang, Ray Yaworski, Nir Zamir, David Swenson-Tonfa and Master Ueshiro-Bo, 1960, Okinawa. Elliot Zgodny L to R: Chuck Norris, Robert Yarnall (2nd American Black Belt under Hanshi Ueshiro) and Mike .

United States Karate Association Top Three Competitors in the USA, 1963