From Greetings to Corruption: Politicians, Political Parties, and Tweeting in India Lia Bozarth Anmol Panda University of Michigan Microsoft Research Ann Arbor, United States Bangalore, India
[email protected] [email protected] Ceren Budak Joyojeet Pal University of Michigan Microsoft Research Ann Arbor, United States Bangalore, India
[email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION We present an in-depth, language-centric, large-scale study of top- Information & Communication Technology (ICT) has fundamen- ical discussions on Twitter by 1,711 Indian politicians from 20 tally altered the social and economic lives of people in the Global competing political parties in a 4-year timespan. We first show South. Its significance can be seen in business transactions, health- that politicians of all parties collectively indulge more in establish- care, personal safety, education, to name a few. In the past decade, ing personal branding through low-substance, personality-focused it has also become increasingly clear that ICTs including social messaging as opposed to broadcasting policy stances. Additionally, media have impacted the content and channels of political commu- compared to the party-in-power, opposition politicians collectively nications in ways that have dramatically changed both campaign post more complex tweets and demonstrate higher negativity (e.g., and non-campaign outreach [5, 42, 51]. New forms of rhetorical using person-based attack hashtags) especially regarding the issue construction, which allow politicians to control what subjects they of corruption. Finally, through a contextual examination of the address, facilitate both the personalization of communication at most retweeted messages from two key leaders—the prime minister the cost of policy-relevant discussions, and create a reward mecha- and the leader of the largest opposition party, we find that there nism through tech-enabled rapid message dissemination [28, 52, 53].