PILP Week Three ‘Climate & Adaptation’

Synopsis In the Hawaiian language, mālama honua means “to care for our island earth”. After ‘Wayfinding’ in week one and ‘Security and Futures’ in week two, we continue the PILP G5 voyage by focusing on ‘Climate and Adaptation’, perhaps the most pressing global issue of our time. What steps are leaders from all walks of life taking to mobilize people to make progress on these ‘adaptive challenges’. Complex issues of such magnitude often have global roots but local impact. How are Pacific leaders responding? How is regional identity being reframed around urgent environmental issues, both on land and in the ocean? PILP G3 restoring native sand dunes at Bellows Air Force Base - 2015 Tackling our toughest challenges in a fractured world is the real work of adaptive leadership. Despite their urgency, it is easy to become overwhelmed by the environmental challenges we face, especially in the Pacific, where the causes of problems often lie outside the region. But there are also extraordinary opportunities and solutions. What success stories can we identify, learn from, and replicate throughout the blue continent of Oceania - the sea that connects us all? Together, we must the same as we mālama honua.

Week Three Detail Monday morning begins with 3 introducing the week. We also warmly welcome our first Taiwanese Visiting Diplomat, Mr. Su, Yueh-Hsi, who is currently stationed in . Then, we turn our attention to the second of our 3 (framing) Questions - ‘What types of action / leadership are required?’ - and the powerful model of Adaptive Leadership. Our focus in this session with Dr. Nick Barker, will be the concept of authority (what does it mean to lead with and without formal authority?), the underestimated skill of diagnosing complex issues, and the difference between a technical problem and an adaptive challenge. The adaptive leadership challenges of the world call all of us to contribute to the future wellbeing of our planet.

In the afternoon, Waka 3 and Lance Boyd will facilitate a climate debate in collaboration with EWC subject matter experts, Pacific RISA. The debate will be followed by a reflective writing session. For information on Pacific RISA, start here: http://www.eastwestcenter.org/research/research-projects/pacific-risa-regional- integrated-sciences-and-assessments-program

On Tuesday morning, we continue imagining alternative and preferred futures in Oceania during Pacific Foresight with Dr. Scott MacLeod. Then, we welcome back to PILP our friend and mentor, Dr. Tusi, for a session on Pacific Leadership focused on breadfruit entrepreneurship. In 2016, Dr. Tusi launched and directed the inaugural Global Breadfruit Conference in (at the Polynesian Cultural Center): http://globalbreadfruitsummit.com. Breadfruit is “one of the most important crops of the 21st century”, containing a host of health and environmental benefits.

In the afternoon, Philippe Lemonnier will launch the first of a series of reflective sessions dedicated to developing Personal Action Plans (PAPs), which will help you to envision and prepare personally and professionally for the future, in both life and leadership. PAPs are a core assignment of PILP and will continue into the Field Study in , requiring work outside class. Meeting time is reserved for PIP ‘Tok’ presenters and the Waka 3 afterwards.

On Wednesday we travel to Kapolei on the west side of for a case study led by Lance on Climate Mitigation through the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI). Further details and instructions appear below. Depending on rush-hour traffic, we anticipate returning to the EWC around 5:30pm.

Thursday morning kicks off early with your second Mandarin class (good work last week, G5!), followed by a short talk on Tuvalu with Mr. Su, our Taiwanese Visiting Diplomat. Then East-West Center and Leadership Program alumnus, Dr. Joshua Cooper, will discuss his work with the UN on climate adaptation. In the afternoon, we delve deeper into the framework of Adaptive Leadership, applying concepts to your workplace and leadership experience. Finally, Gretchen Alther rounds off the day with an (optional) second session of Generative Writing. Please sign up for this in advance (with Philippe) if you would like to attend (maximum 15). If you are a PILP ‘Tok’ presenter or in the Waka 4 host group next week, please meet with Philippe and Lance respectively instead.

On Friday morning, as we close Climate and Adaptation week, the theme of PILP ‘Toks’ is “Inspired by Nature’ (see below for detailed information). As always, the afternoon is reserved for wellness.

On Sunday afternoon (September 3), Waka 4 and Lance will host G5 at the ‘Mai Poina’ celebration of the 179th birthday of Queen Lili’uokalani. The celebration will include free admission to the 1st floor of Iolani Palace, a concert by the Royal Hawaiian Band on the Palace lawn, and a ‘living history’ theater reenactment of the pivotal days of the overthrow of the by a Hawaiian sovereignty group. This event promises to stimulate your thinking around our themes, ‘Resilience and Opportunity’ in Hawaii, while illustrating another wayfinding strategy adopted locally.

If you have religious commitments on Sunday afternoon, please put these first and tell Philippe in advance. (It is important we know exact numbers for all site-visits as there are logistical implications.) Please see below (under ‘Mai Poina’) for further details.

Monday, September 4 is a national holiday (Labor Day) in the and a day off for PILP. The EWC, including Burns Hall, will be closed. Optional recreational and community activities will be proposed, as for every PILP weekend or holiday.

2 PILP G5 Week Two Objectives In Week Three, you will (among other things): • Engage the framework of adaptive leadership • Appreciate the power and pitfalls of authority • Debate climate mitigation • Engage climate action and UN experts on the future of the Pacific region • Imagine alternative and preferred futures in the Pacific • Appreciate the holistic benefits and commercial potential of breadfruit in Oceania as a business model • Start the Personal Action Plan (PAP) process • Discuss the power of positive change with adaptive leaders in clean energy • Deepen your experience of the power and connection of generative writing • Take your Mandarin skills to the next level! • Experience a pivotal moment in Hawaiian history that continues to shape the future

Key Ideas and Words Adaptation Indigenous rights Breadfruit Authority Present Wellness Adaptive Leadership Plan Talk Story Climate mitigation Overthrow Regionalism Inspired by nature

Key Questions 1. What is the difference between a technical problem and an adaptive challenge? 2. How will you practice root-cause diagnosis? 3. When is authority most useful? 4. What is climate mitigation? How will you contribute? 5. Can energy ever be truly ‘clean’? 6. What can you learn and apply from the breadfruit business model? 7. What does your ‘snapshot’ tell you about your life today? (PAP) 8. How does learning a new language change the way you see the world? 9. When you write generatively do you hear a different voice? 10. When were you last inspired by nature? 11. How did you contribute to the success of this week? Are you satisfied with your contribution? 12. What has surprised you the most about this week?

Guests

Visiting Taiwanese Diplomat: Mr. Yueh-Hsi ‘Eric’ SU is the First Secretary at the Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Tuvalu. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in Japanese Language and a Bachelor of Law from Soochow University. Mr. Su began his career as a Desk Officer in the Affairs section in the Department of East Asian and Pacific Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2006. He has also served as the Third Secretary at the Embassy of the

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Republic of China (Taiwan) in Tuvalu from 2008 to 2011, the Second Secretary at the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan from 2011 to 2014, Section Chief in the Department of International Information Services at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2014-2016. He was also the Media Liaison Officer for the Chinese Taipei Delegation at the 2014 Beijing APEC. He enjoys traveling, reading, jogging, and swimming.

Joshua L. Cooper is the US Human Rights Network Universal Periodic Review Geneva Coordinator for the historic first review of the human rights record of the United States of America. He is also the Director of Training at the International Training Centre for Teaching Peace and Human Rights and a Trainer at the Advanced Geneva Training Course on International Law and Advocacy for the International Service for Human Rights in Geneva, Switzerland. In addition, Josh is a Trainer for the University of New South Wales Diplomacy Training Program focusing on human rights of indigenous peoples in the Asia-Pacific region. He serves on the Leo Nevas Human Rights Task Force at the Association-USA, and has taught at the University of Hawai’i for over a decade in fields of political science, peace studies and journalism. Josh is a G9 alumnus from the Asia Pacific Leadership Program (APLP) at the East-West Center.

Papalii Dr. Tusi Avegalio is Director of the Pacific Business Center Program (PBCP) at the Shidler College of Business, University of Hawaii. Under his direction, PBCP received seven national awards for innovation, creativity, and effectiveness. Tusi is also the Executive Director of the Minority Enterprise Business Development Center, and was named “Entrepreneur of the Year” for the U.S. Western Region in 2009.

Tusi has consulted throughout the Pacific for the ruling chiefs of , , and , and for traditional village councils, community organizations, governments, colleges and universities, multinational corporations, and local businesses. His work seeks to reconcile the perspectives of traditional wisdom and Western knowledge.

Tusi is a Polynesian Alii and holds the traditional honorific of Papalii, as he is heir to the Malietoa line of . His genealogical link to Hawaii can be traced in King Kalakaua’s publications on Hawaiian Legends and Myths, which map the movement of the Pili of Samoa to Hawaii in 1100 A.D

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Case Study #3: Climate Mitigation Date: Wednesday, August 30th, 8:30am-5:30pm Site: HPOWER Clean Energy Facility and Kapolei Hale (Transport provided)

Case Overview What’s Going On? The official current geological era, the Holocene, marks the 12,000 years of stable climate since the last ice age during which all human civilization developed. But, experts argue, the striking acceleration since the mid-20th century of carbon dioxide emissions and sea level rise, the global mass extinction of species, and the transformation of land by deforestation and development signify the end of that slice of geological time. In fact, humanity’s impact on the earth is now so profound that a new geological epoch – the ‘Anthropocene’ – needs to be declared, according to the International Geological Congress.

The Anthropocene age could change the way we perceive ourselves and our role in the world. Teaching students that we are living in the Anthropocene, the age of humanity, could be of help. Rather than representing yet another sign of human hubris, this name change stresses the enormity of humanity’s responsibility as stewards of the Earth. It highlights the immense power of our intellect and our creativity, and the opportunities we have to shape the future.

The 35 scientists on the committee – who voted 30 to three in favor of formally designating the Anthropocene, with two abstentions – will now spend the next two to three years determining which signals are the strongest and sharpest. Two pieces of evidence being considered are the Increased levels of climate-warming CO2 in the atmosphere at the fastest rate for 66m years, with fossil-fuel burning pushing levels from 280 parts per million before the industrial revolution to 400ppm and rising today. A second is the plastic in our waterways and oceans that result in micro-plastic particles, which will likely leave identifiable fossil records for future generations to discover. Hawaii is taking action to address both.

What actions are being taken? In Hawaii, action began in 2008 when the price of oil passed a threshold of over $150 per barrel making many renewable energy projects financially viable. This same year the US Department of Energy and Hawaii state leaders partnered to create the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI). Repeatedly reminding the public that Hawaii residents pay the highest price for electricity in the nation, leaders began mobilizing to make Hawaii an inspiration for climate mitigation. A key part of HCEI is Hawaii’s waste-to-energy incinerator called H-POWER, which burns municipal solid waste to generate steam for clean energy while reducing landfill inputs.

By 2015 Hawaii entered the spotlight with the most aggressive renewable energy targets of any US state. Representative Chris Lee led the state to ban fossil fuels and require renewable energy for 100% of the state’s electricity needs by 2045. No one knows how we will meet this target and generate 1300+ MW of electricity (for a comparison the Solomons uses 10MW) to drive our modern, energy-intensive economy. However, our commitment is legally binding and action must be taken.

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Where do you and your community fit? We will offer two learning opportunities to help you generate transferable lessons from this case study and learn where you and your community fit into current climate mitigation efforts. We begin with a ‘behind the scenes’ tour of Honolulu’s waste-to- energy facility. Here you can discuss which strategies fit best with the engineers. Currently municipal solid waste or biomass is the 3rd largest source of renewable energy moving us towards the 100% target on Oahu. This biomass is burned within a high-tech incinerator that simultaneously reduces landfill inputs by 90% while producing clean energy.

After the tour, we will visit City Hall to discuss climate mitigation strategies that align with your island nations with Lori Kahikina, Honolulu’s Director of Environmental Services. Here you can discuss leading climate mitigation efforts in the political realm.

Case Objectives & Key Questions Objectives: Learn • The strategies leaders are using in response to the climate action opportunity dilemma in Hawaii • How leaders in Hawaii are working towards a more resilient & cleaner energy system • How much energy is used, and for what, and how much is wasted in Hawaii/US • How Hawaii became a leader in the transition to clean energy applicable lessons around climate mitigation and waste management in the Pacific

Key Questions: • In what ways do some Pacific Island nations’ underdeveloped energy grids present an ‘opportunity dilemma’? • What would a 21st century energy system look like in the Pacific? • What lessons can emerging Pacific leaders learn from Hawaii’s climate mitigation dilemma? • What strategies are Hawaiian leaders using that might be adapted by other Island communities? • What is the relationship between climate action and climate justice?

Case Bio Lori Kahikina City & County of Honolulu - Director of Environmental Services Ms Kahikina holds a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Hawaii and has a license in Civil Engineering. She’s responsible for the City’s waste water and solid waste programs. The Department has an annual Operating Budget of about $300 million and Capital Budget of $650 million. Our consent decree waste water program totals about $5 billion. The Department has about 1,100 employees and operates and maintains 9 wastewater treatment plants, over 70 pump stations and associated force mains, 2,100 miles of gravity sewers, numerous transfer stations, convenience centers, a landfill and waste to energy facility. Over 20 years of experience in waste water and about four years in solid waste.

Case Logistics: Wear business casual dress, pants only, no shorts. Closed toe shoes only. No sandals/slippers. No security required.

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Mai Poina Visita (Sunday, September 3) On this special but somber day, we visit the Iolani Royal Palace, the former official residence of the Hawaiian monarch, to deepen our sense of place and understanding of key events in Hawaiian history. Since the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893, Iolani Palace has served as the US Territorial Government of Hawaii, US military headquarters during WWII, and the State Government of Hawaii until 1978 when it was restored and turned into a museum.

We will see a live reenactment of the four pivotal days leading up to and including the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. This event, called a ‘living history walking tour’, is organized by the Hawaii Pono’i Coalition and takes place at several locations across the Palace grounds. After the reenactment, we will discuss the sovereignty dilemma and their strategy of using theater to tell “Hawaii’s true history and the Native Hawaiian people” with leaders of the Hawaii Pono’i Coalition.

As always, if you have religious commitments on weekends, please put these first and tell Philippe in advance.

PILP G5 ‘Tok’ Presentations – Curating Oceania This week the theme is ‘Climate and Adaptation’ and our PILP ‘Tok’ topic is ‘Inspired by nature’. In our islands, climate change is now a day-to-day challenge. Whatever the root causes and political decisions on a global level, we urgently need to come up with solutions to face this crisis. How can we be innovative? How, as leaders, can we push towards new solutions and new ways of living? How can we be inspired by the past to adapt to present realities and thus enable our communities to grow in the future?

Assignments for Week Three • Write up Part One of your Personal Action Plan (PAP) after class. This is a core assignment and a document you will build throughout the program. Make sure you write up your answers to the reflective questions on your Self-Portrait. The real value in PAPs comes from deep reflection. • Building on work we started in class, add the first five statements to your ‘My Leadership Philosophy’. These are simple, clear and concise statements that you believe to be true about leadership.

Resources and Readings for Week Three (all optional) Throughout the Pacific networks of people crisscross the ocean. These networks often form the basis of social, political and environmental change. While other attempts at creating a regional identity in the Pacific have floundered on the reef of diversity, the ocean connects us all. As Epeli Hau’ofa writes in his essay, The Ocean is Us (2003):

“A common identity that would help us act together for the advancement of our collective interests, including the protection of the ocean for the general good, is necessary for the quality of our survival in the so-called when important developments in the global economy will be concentrated in huge regions that encircle us. An identity that is grounded on something so vast as the sea is, should exercise our minds and rekindle in us the spirit that sent our ancestors to explore the oceanic unknown and make it their home, our home.”

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Highly Recommended • Review PIDP online Pacific Island Report (Sign up for their weekly email digests): www.pirreport.org • “The Ocean is Us” by Epeli Hau'ofa (2003) in Culture and Sustainability in the Pacific: http://press.anu.edu.au/culture_sustainable/ch02.pdf • Taputapuatea Declaration on Climate Change by Polynesian Leaders Group (2015): http://pidp.eastwestcenter.org/pireport/2015/July/07-22-dc.htm • "Blue Marble: The Pacific in the Post-2015 Development Agenda" by Pacific Institute of Public Policy (2015): http://pacificpolicy.org/wp- content/blogs.dir/2/files/2013/05/DP24.pdf

Recommended • "Enhancing Opportunities for Regional Migration in the Pacific" by Brian Opeskin and Therese Macdermott, in Pacific Institute of Public Policy (2010): http://pacificpolicy.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/2015/02/DP13.pdf • "Climate Security: A holistic approach to climate change, security and development" by Pacific Institute of Public Policy (2012): http://pacificpolicy.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/2012/10/D2P-CLI-121012c.pdf • "Deep Seabed Mining: Frontier to Oblivion" by Dennis Small (2011) in Pacific Ecologist: http://www.pacificecologist.org/archive/20/pe20-small.pdf

Case Study #3: Climate Mitigation Resources • Climate Mitigation online magazine: https://flipboard.com/@lancecboyd/climate- mitigation-hbju7vjjy • Oceans video from UN Ocean Conference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2uuWN20Lc4E • Covanta HPOWER article: http://www.powermag.com/expanded-honolulu-wte- plant-delivers-triple-benefits-for-oahu/?printmode=1 • List of Renewable Energy Projects (pg 26-29) https://issuu.com/greenmagazinehawaii/docs/gmh_v9_2 • Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI): http://www.hawaiicleanenergyinitiative.org/about-the-hawaii-clean-energy- initiative/ • Circular Economy To Save the Planet (10min Economist Video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaK452BF3Cw • Rep Chris Lee: http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/memberpage.aspx?member=clee • “How to Fight Climate Change”, Al Gore, TED Talk: http://www.ted.com/talks/al_gore_on_averting_climate_crisis?language=fr • “Return of the Konohiki: Kuleana in Practice”, by Prof. Akutagawa (@TEDx Manoa 2013): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XNYaOZyxuM&index=7&list=PLsRNoUx8w 3rMqeVsxXc9squLDlnOLk5n9 • “Building the see cathedral”, Thomas Heatherwick, TED Talk: https://www.ted.com/talks/thomas_heatherwick • “Old Sea, New Routes”, by Prof. Keith Camacho (Ethnic Studies, UH Manoa 2015): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqWPYBulW5c&index=2&list=PL9QhNBNC8 GcMET7RyxFKe--QYzxopxQpl • “Our Road is the Sea”, Sitiveni Halapua: https://vimeo.com/111802989

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Calendar: Week Three (August 28 – September 3, 2017)

Climate and Adaptation Time Activity Location Lead M/O/P/S

9:00-9:45 Introduction to Week 3 (Waka 3) Koi LB & Waka 3 M

10:00-12:30 Adaptive Leadership 1 Koi NB M Monday, August 28 Climate Debate: Mitigation, Justice, or 2:00-3:30 Burns 3015 LB & Waka 3 M Engineering Climate Mitigation in Hawaii with Pacific 3:30-4:30 Burns 3015 LB & Waka 3 M RISA

9:00-10:00 Pacific Foresight 2 Burns 3015 SM M

10:15-12:00 Pacific Leadership (Dr. Tusi) Burns 3015 Tusi & PL M Tuesday, August 29 1:30-4:00 Personal Action Plans 1 Koi PL & NB M Meeting Time: Ted Tok Prep (PL) / Waka Burns 4:15- PL, LB M/S 3 Host Check-In (LB) (various)

Case Study: Climate Mitigation through Kapolei (off- Wednesday, August 30 8:30-5:30 LB & Waka 3 M the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) site)

8:00-9:15 Mandarin 2 Burns 3015 Rachel M

Taiwan Visiting Diplomat (Su, Yueh-Hsi 9:30-10:00 Burns 3015 Waka 3 M from Tuvalu) Climate Adaptation and the UN (Joshua 10:15-11:45 Burns 3015 JC M Thursday, August 31 Cooper) 1:15-3:45 Adaptive Leadership 2 Koi NB M

4:00-5:30 Generative Writing 2 Burns 2063 GA O/S Meeting Time: Ted Tok Rehearsal 4:00- Burns 3015 PL + LB/LC M/S (Presenters with PL) & Waka 4 Prep (LB)

Burns PILP 'Tok' 2 ("Inspired by Nature") / Shramm PL, Waka 3 & 9:00-12:00 th M Closing the Week Room (4 NB Friday, September 1 Floor) Wellness

Talk Story with EWC President, Richard Meet Burns RV, G5, 4:30-6:00 M Vulsteke Lobby Team PILP

Iolani Palace Sunday, September 3 3:30-6:30 Onipa'a & Mai Poina LB, PL & LC M (off-site)

* KEY: M = Mandatory, O = Optional, P = Pick (at least one is mandatory), S = Sign-Up

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