RESEARCH ARTICLE From Shell Midden to Midden-Mound: The Geoarchaeology of Mound Key, an Anthropogenic Island in Southwest Florida, USA Victor D. Thompson1☯*, William H. Marquardt2☯, Alexander Cherkinsky3‡, Amanda D. Roberts Thompson4‡, Karen J. Walker2‡, Lee A. Newsom5‡, Michael Savarese6‡ 1 Center for Archaeological Sciences and Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, 2 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, a11111 Florida, United States of America, 3 Center for Applied Isotope Studies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, 4 Laboratory of Archaeology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, 5 Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 6 Department of Marine and Ecological Science, Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers, Florida, United States of America ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work. *
[email protected] OPEN ACCESS Citation: Thompson VD, Marquardt WH, Cherkinsky A, Roberts Thompson AD, Walker KJ, Newsom LA, et al. (2016) From Shell Midden to Midden-Mound: Abstract The Geoarchaeology of Mound Key, an Mound Key was once the capital of the Calusa Kingdom, a large Pre-Hispanic polity that Anthropogenic Island in Southwest Florida, USA. PLoS ONE 11(4): e0154611. doi:10.1371/journal. controlled much of southern Florida. Mound Key, like other archaeological sites along the pone.0154611 southwest Gulf Coast, is a large expanse of shell and other anthropogenic sediments. The Editor: Karen Hardy, ICREA at the Universitat challenges that these sites pose are largely due to the size and areal extent of the deposits, Autònoma de Barcelona, SPAIN some of which begin up to a meter below and exceed nine meters above modern sea levels.