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Tik 02:Tik 02
2 The Ceramics of Tikal T. Patrick Culbert More than 40 years of archaeological research at Tikal have pro- duced an enormous quantity of ceramics that have been studied by a variety of investigators (Coggins 1975; Culbert 1963, 1973, 1977, 1979, 1993; Fry 1969, 1979; Fry and Cox 1974; Hermes 1984a; Iglesias 1987, 1988; Laporte and Fialko 1987, 1993; Laporte et al. 1992; Laporte and Iglesias 1992; Laporte, this volume). It could be argued that the ceram- ics of Tikal are better known than those from any other Maya site. The contexts represented by the ceramic collections are extremely varied, as are the formation processes to which they were subjected both in Maya times and since the site was abandoned. This chapter will report primarily on the ceramics recovered by the University of Pennsylvania Tikal Project between 1956 and 1970. The information available from this analysis has been significantly clar- ified and expanded by later research, especially that of the Proyecto Nacional Tikal (Hermes 1984a; Iglesias 1987, 1988; Laporte and Fialko 1987, 1993; Laporte et al. 1992; Laporte and Iglesias 1992; Laporte, this volume). I will make reference to some of the results of these later stud- ies but will not attempt an overall synthesis—something that must await Copyrighted Material www.sarpress.org 47 T. PATRICK C ULBERT a full-scale conference involving all of those who have worked with Tikal ceramics. Primary goals of my analysis of Tikal ceramics were to develop a ceramic sequence and to provide chronological information for researchers. Although a ceramic sequence was already available from the neighboring site of Uaxactun (R. -
“Charlie Chaplin” Figures of the Maya Lowlands
RITUAL USE OF THE HUMAN FORM: A CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE “CHARLIE CHAPLIN” FIGURES OF THE MAYA LOWLANDS by LISA M. LOMITOLA B.A. University of Central Florida, 2008 A thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2012 ©2012 Lisa M. Lomitola ii ABSTRACT Small anthropomorphic figures, most often referred to as “Charlie Chaplins,” appear in ritual deposits throughout the ancient Maya sites of Belize during the late Preclassic and Early Classic Periods and later, throughout the Petén region of Guatemala. Often these figures appear within similar cache assemblages and are carved from “exotic” materials such as shell or jade. This thesis examines the contexts in which these figures appear and considers the wider implications for commonly held ritual practices throughout the Maya lowlands during the Classic Period and the similarities between “Charlie Chaplin” figures and anthropomorphic figures found in ritual contexts outside of the Maya area. iii Dedicated to Corbin and Maya Lomitola iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Drs. Arlen and Diane Chase for the many opportunities they have given me both in the field and within the University of Central Florida. Their encouragement and guidance made this research possible. My experiences at the site of Caracol, Belize have instilled a love for archaeology in me that will last a lifetime. Thank you Dr. Barber for the advice and continual positivity; your passion and joy of archaeology inspires me. In addition, James Crandall and Jorge Garcia, thank you for your feedback, patience, and support; your friendship and experience are invaluable. -
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Divination & Decision-Making: Ritual Techniques of Distributed Cognition in the Guatemalan Highlands Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2v42d4sh Author McGraw, John Joseph Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Divination and Decision-Making: Ritual Techniques of Distributed Cognition in the Guatemalan Highlands A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology and Cognitive Science by John J. McGraw Committee in charge: Professor Steven Parish, Chair Professor David Jordan, Co-Chair Professor Paul Goldstein Professor Edwin Hutchins Professor Craig McKenzie 2016 Copyright John J. McGraw, 2016 All rights reserved. The dissertation of John J. McGraw is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Co-chair ___________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2016 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page …....……………………………………………………………… iii Table of Contents ………………….……………………………….…………….. iv List of Figures ….…………………………………………………….…….……. -
CATALOG Mayan Stelaes
CATALOG Mayan Stelaes Palos Mayan Collection 1 Table of Contents Aguateca 4 Ceibal 13 Dos Pilas 20 El Baúl 23 Itsimite 27 Ixlu 29 Ixtutz 31 Jimbal 33 Kaminaljuyu 35 La Amelia 37 Piedras Negras 39 Polol 41 Quirigia 43 Tikal 45 Yaxha 56 Mayan Fragments 58 Rubbings 62 Small Sculptures 65 2 About Palos Mayan Collection The Palos Mayan Collection includes 90 reproductions of pre-Columbian stone carvings originally created by the Mayan and Pipil people traced back to 879 A.D. The Palos Mayan Collection sculptures are created by master sculptor Manuel Palos from scholar Joan W. Patten’s casts and rubbings of the original artifacts in Guatemala. Patten received official permission from the Guatemalan government to create casts and rubbings of original Mayan carvings and bequeathed her replicas to collaborator Manuel Palos. Some of the originals stelae were later stolen or destroyed, leaving Patten’s castings and rubbings as their only remaining record. These fine art-quality Maya Stelae reproductions are available for purchase by museums, universities, and private collectors through Palos Studio. You are invited to book a virtual tour or an in- person tour through [email protected] 3 Aguateca Aguateca is in the southwestern part of the Department of the Peten, Guatemala, about 15 kilometers south of the village of Sayaxche, on a ridge on the western side of Late Petexbatun. AGUATECA STELA 1 (50”x85”) A.D. 741 - Late Classic Presumed to be a ruler of Aguatecas, his head is turned in an expression of innate authority, personifying the rank implied by the symbols adorning his costume. -
Found.1 the Two Best Known Examples Are Copan and Quirigua, and in Each Case Local Stones Were Quarried
VI. TWO UNUSUAL MAYA STELAE John A. Graham and Howel Williams As is generally known, the Maya lowlands comprise a vast province of massive limestone deposits. Since these limestones are usually exposed or only slightly buried, ready material in unlimited abundance was ordinarily available for the cutting of building stone, for reduction to lime for mortar, and for the carving of sculptures and other monuments. At a number of Maya lowland sites quarries have been observed in the sites, or their immediate vicinity, and there has been little reason to suspect the long distance transport of large and heavy stone for monuments as was characteristic of the ancient Olmec civilization in its principal sites of La Venta and San Lorenzo. For the most part it is only on the peripheries of the Maya lowlands that major non-limestone monuments and architectural constructions are found.1 The two best known examples are Copan and Quirigua, and in each case local stones were quarried. At Quirigua in the lower Motagua Valley, separated from the Maya lowlands proper by the Santa Cruz range, ignimbrites, not immediately available but probably transported from no great distance, and local sandstones were employed in monument carving as well as in archi- tecture. At Copan in the foothills of southwestern Honduras, even farther removed from the true Maya lowlands, ignimbrite from the Copan Valley was preferred to the local limestone. At Maya sites within the lowlands proper, non-limestone monuments or architectural constructions are very rare, and the major example is Altar de Sacrificios on the lower Pasion where during the Early Classic period local sandstone supplied the material for both monuments and architecture until after 9.10.0.0.0 (A.D. -
La Nueva Historia De La Puerta a Las Tierras Bajas: Descubrimientos Recientes Sobre La Interacción, Arqueología Y Epigrafía De Cancuen
Demarest, Arthur, Tomás Barrientos, Melanie Forné, Marc Wolf y Ronald Bishop 2008 La nueva historia de la puerta a las Tierras Bajas: Descubrimientos recientes sobre la interacción, arqueología y epigrafía de Cancuen. En XXI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2007 (editado por J.P. Laporte, B. Arroyo y H. Mejía), pp.713-729. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala (versión digital). 44 LA NUEVA HISTORIA DE LA PUERTA A LAS TIERRAS BAJAS: DESCUBRIMIENTOS RECIENTES SOBRE LA INTERACCIÓN, ARQUEOLOGÍA Y EPIGRAFÍA DE CANCUEN Arthur Demarest Tomas Barrientos Melanie Forné Marc Wolf Ronald Bishop Proyecto Arqueológico Cancuen Palabras clave Arqueología Maya, Petén, río Pasión, patrón de asentamiento, Cancuen, El Raudal, Tres Islas, registro de sitios, ruta Altiplano-Tierras Bajas, gobernante Taj Chan Ahk Abstract THE NEW HISTORY OF THE GATEWAY TO THE LOWLANDS: RECENT DISCOVERIES ON THE INTERACTION, ARCHAEOLOGY, AND EPIGRAPHY AT CANCUEN Investigations at Cancuen have been a series of surprises. The general interpretations for exchange, production, alliances, and history at Cancuen have changed each year. Now we know that the site did not begin as a commercial center but as a small outpost. A century later it converted itself into a rich and important center due to the collapse of centers to the North. This work will describe the new evidence that Cancuen’s apogee was due to elite and artisan immigrants from the North, who combined forces with King Taj Chan Ahk in the wars, alliances, and workshop production of his kingdom. It seems that these elite immigrants also brought with them the disorder and chaos of the collapse of the kingdoms upriver. -
Calakmul, Campeche, México: La Estructura II-H, Sus Entierros Y Otras Lunciones Ceremoniales Y Habitacionales
Calakmul, Campeche, México: La Estructura II-H, sus entierros y otras lunciones ceremoniales y habitacionales William J. FOLÁNy Abel MORALES LÓntz Centro de Invewtigaciones Históricas y Sociales UniversidadAutónoma de Campeche Campeche, México ABSTRACT Over 20 years ol interdisciplinary invcstigations indicate that Calakmul is the lar- gcst and most powerful regional Mate iii 0w Classic .Maya Lowiands with a urban, =2d- mlnistrative capital that exceeded the population of the core area of Tikal, Guatema- la. Several royal tombs containing jadeite mosaic masks, polychrome ceramics including a codex style vessel and fragments of cloth and petate as well as stelae. re- eenrlv discovered by Proyecto Calakmul of the Centro de Investigaciones Historicas y Sociales, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche. associated with Structure II have underseored the importance and wealth of Calakmul during both the Larly and Late (iLassic. Key Words: Unlakmul, maya site, royal tombs, maya buriais, grave furnitures. Palabras clave: Calakmul, asentamiento maya, tumbas reales, enterramientos ma- yas, ajuares func ¡arios. INTRODL ICCION Calakmul es un centro urbano prehispánico, localizado en el sureste de Campeche (México) (Fig. 1), que posee más de 30 km2 y 6.250 estructuras y rasgos culturales (Fig. 2), y que llegó a ser la capital de un Estado Regional dc aproximadamente 12.000 km (Fleteher y Gann ¡991; Folan 1985, 1989, /6‘¡sta I;.ipano/¿i í/,.>A n/ropt/ogñs A íncrftw,,¡,, 26. 9—25. Servicio Publ cationes ¡ j. U. M Mac!cid. 3 996 10 William 1 Folan y Abel Morales López 1990, ¡992, sfb; Folan et al 1990; Folan, Mareus y Miller sSe; Folan et al s.f.c; Gunn et a! 1994; Lundell 1933; Mareus 1973, 1976, 1987; Morales 1987; Ruppert y Denison 1943), con la gran mayoría de sus ciudades tributa- rias localizadas dentro de la recientemente decretada Reserva de la Biosfera de Calakmul de 723.000 ha (¡Man 1984: Folan eta! s.Lb). -
Can We Read Cosmology in Ancient Maya City Plans? Comment on Ashmore and Sabloff
0~rlprr CAN WE READ COSMOLOGY IN ANCIENT MAYA CITY PLANS? COMMENT ON ASHMORE AND SABLOFF Michael E. Smith Argumentsfor the cosmological significance of ancient Maya city layouts are plausible, but empirical applications are sub- jective and lack rigor. I illustrate this contention through brief comments on a recent article by Ashmore and Sabloff. I first discuss some of the complexities and pitfalls in studying cosmology from ancient city plans, and then focus on one compo- nent of the authors' cosmological model-the hypothesized north-south axis at Classic Maya cities. My goal is not to down- play or rule out the role of cosmology in Maya city planning, but rather to encourage the use of explicit assumptions and rigorous methods that will provide the study of Maya city planning with a more secure empirical foundation. Los argumentos para el significado cosmologico de las trazas de las ciudades antiguas mayas son plausibles, pero las apli- caciones empiricas son subjetivas y carecen de rigor Ilustro este idea con unos comentarios sobre un articulo reciente de Ash- more y Sabloff. Primero discuto algunas de las complejidades y problemas en el estudio de la cosmologia basado en los planos de las ciudades antiguas. Segundo, examino una parte del modelo cosmologico de los autores-el propuesto eje norte-sur en las ciudades mayas. Mi objetivo no es disminuir ni negar el papel de la cosmologia en la planeaci6n urbana Maya; mds bien es fomentar el uso de asunciones explicitas y metodos rigurosos para dar al estudio de la planeacion urbana una fundacion empirica mds segura. -
Latepostclassicperiodceramics Ofthewesternhighlands,Guatemala
Yaxchilan Us um a c G in r t ij a Maya Archaeology Reports a Bonampak R lv i a v R e iv r er LatePostclassicPeriodCeramics ChiapasHighlands AltardeSacrificios DosPilas of theWesternHighlands,Guatemala Greg Borgstede Chinkultic MEXICO GUATEMALA Cancuen HUEHUETENANGO Lagartero ELQUICHE ALTAVERAPAZ – SanMiguelAcatan HUISTA ACATECREGION Jacaltenango Cuchumatan Mountains NorthernHighlands SanRafaelPetzal Nebaj Zaculeu SierraMadre Tajumulco his report describes the ceramics of the Late Postclassic 1986, Culbert 1965, Ichon 1987, Nance 2003a, Nance 2003b, and BAJAVERAPAZ Utatlan/Chisalin or Protohistoric period (AD 1200 to 1500) uncovered in a Weeks 1983. recent archaeological investigation in the western Maya The Late Postclassic period remains one of the most intensely highlands. The Proyecto Arqueológico de la Región Huista- studied in the Maya highlands, in terms of archaeology and CentralHighlands MixcoViejo T Acateco, directed by the author, investigated the region in the ethnohistory. The existence of competing Maya kingdoms, Iximche Cuchumatan Mountains currently occupied by the Huista and including those of the K’iche’, the Kaqchikel, and the Mam, Acatec Maya (Figure 1), documenting 150 archaeological sites and coupled with the persistence of written documentation LakeAtitlan GuatemalaCity an occupation sequence spanning the Terminal Preclassic to Late immediately prior to, during, and after the Spanish invasion, Postclassic/Protohistoric periods, AD 100 to 1525 (see Borgstede provide the Protohistoric period with an abundance of 2004). The modern towns of Jacaltenango and San Miguel Acatan anthropological data for understanding this complex era. are the center of the region. Archaeological evidence, particularly ceramics, has played a The ceramics described here are from the Late Postclassic role in interpreting the cultures, histories, and structures of these Archaeologicalsites period, also known as the “Protohistoric” period in the societies. -
A Distinctive Maya Architectural Format: the Lamanai Temple
8 A Distinctive Maya Architectural Format: The Lamanai Temple . H. Stanley Loten Introduction At Lamanai, as at Tikal, the ancient Maya maintained and repeated the same distinctive temple form over a Towering pyramidal temples, arresting dynastic significantly long time span at different locations portraits, fantastic.mythological figures; they leap to within the site. This review outlines the Lamanai our eyes from the forest canopy, from incised stelae example and considers comparable patterns of and from sculptured mask panels. 1l1ese are the great variation in architectural forms of pyramid-temples at signature pieces of Maya artistic production. They other sites in the Maya area. cap the ruins that initially attracted archaeological attention, and they continue to draw world-class As a secondary theme I am concerned with the con tourism to the Maya area. A constant· stream of ceptual role played by the pyramid, and with the vacationers shuffles past these great works, now underlying reasons that impelled the Maya to include cleared and restored. But they are seen merely as such costly and time-consuming features as prominent curiosities touted to sell excursions from Caribbean parts oftheir major temples. It is generally taken more resorts. In ancient times, however, they were certainly or less for granted that Maya pyramids were employed not for holiday amusement; they .were central to the to raise the "temples" at their summits to a civic and political life of Maya communities. Over commanding position of height (see, for example, centuries the Maya invested an enormous amount of Stierlin 1968:96). This view of the structures is time, energy, skill and resources in their production, certainly correct, and the idea has obvious value; I and their functioning is generally acknowledged to suspect, however, that it may not be the whole story. -
High-Precision Radiocarbon Dating of Political Collapse and Dynastic Origins at the Maya Site of Ceibal, Guatemala
High-precision radiocarbon dating of political collapse and dynastic origins at the Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala Takeshi Inomata (猪俣 健)a,1, Daniela Triadana, Jessica MacLellana, Melissa Burhama, Kazuo Aoyama (青山 和夫)b, Juan Manuel Palomoa, Hitoshi Yonenobu (米延 仁志)c, Flory Pinzónd, and Hiroo Nasu (那須 浩郎)e aSchool of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030; bFaculty of Humanities, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310-8512, Japan; cGraduate School of Education, Naruto University of Education, Naruto, 772-8502, Japan; dCeibal-Petexbatun Archaeological Project, Guatemala City, 01005, Guatemala; and eSchool of Advanced Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, 240-0193, Japan Edited by Jeremy A. Sabloff, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, and approved December 19, 2016 (received for review October 30, 2016) The lowland Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala, had a long history of resolution chronology may reveal a sequence of rapid transformations occupation, spanning from the Middle Preclassic period through that are comprised within what appears to be a slow, gradual transi- the Terminal Classic (1000 BC to AD 950). The Ceibal-Petexbatun tion. Such a detailed understanding can provide critical insights into Archaeological Project has been conducting archaeological inves- the nature of the social changes. Our intensive archaeological inves- tigations at this site since 2005 and has obtained 154 radiocarbon tigations at the center of Ceibal, Guatemala, have produced 154 ra- dates, which represent the largest collection of radiocarbon assays diocarbon dates, which represent the largest set of radiocarbon assays from a single Maya site. The Bayesian analysis of these dates, ever collected at a Maya site. -
The PARI Journal Vol. XVI, No. 2
ThePARIJournal A quarterly publication of the Ancient Cultures Institute Volume XVI, No. 2, Fall 2015 In This Issue: For Love of the Game: For Love of the The Ballplayer Panels of Tipan Chen Uitz Game: The Ballplayer Panels of in Light of Late Classic Athletic Hegemony Tipan Chen Uitz in Light of Late Classic CHRISTOPHE HELMKE Athletic Hegemony University of Copenhagen by CHRISTOPHER R. ANDRES Christophe Helmke Michigan State University Christopher R. Andres Shawn G. Morton and SHAWN G. MORTON University of Calgary Gabriel D. Wrobel PAGES 1-30 GABRIEL D. WROBEL Michigan State University • The Maya Goddess One of the principal motifs of ancient Maya ballplayers are found preferentially at of Painting, iconography concerns the ballgame that sites that show some kind of interconnec- Writing, and was practiced both locally and through- tion and a greater degree of affinity to the Decorated Textiles out Mesoamerica. The pervasiveness of kings of the Snake-head dynasty that had ballgame iconography in the Maya area its seat at Calakmul in the Late Classic (see by has been recognized for some time and Martin 2005). This then is the idea that is Timothy W. Knowlton has been the subject of several pioneering proposed in this paper, and by reviewing PAGES 31-41 and insightful studies, including those some salient examples from a selection • of Stephen Houston (1983), Linda Schele of sites in the Maya lowlands, we hope The Further and Mary Miller (1986:241-264), Nicholas to make it clear that the commemoration Adventures of Merle Hellmuth (1987), Mary Miller and Stephen of ballgame engagements wherein local (continued) Houston (1987; see also Miller 1989), rulers confront their overlord are charac- by Marvin Cohodas (1991), Linda Schele and teristic of the political rhetoric that was Merle Greene David Freidel (1991; see also Freidel et al.