DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 8. Protest Cycles in the United

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 8. Protest Cycles in the United University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2019-06 Protest and Democracy University of Calgary Press Arce, M., & Rice, R. (Eds.). (2019). Protest and democracy. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/110581 book https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca PROTEST AND DEMOCRACY Edited by Moisés Arce and Roberta Rice ISBN 978-1-77385-046-7 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence. This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display or perform the work as long as you clearly attribute the work to its authors and publisher, that you do not use this work for any commercial gain in any form, and that you in no way alter, transform, or build on the work outside of its use in normal academic scholarship without our express permission. If you want to reuse or distribute the work, you must inform its new audience of the licence terms of this work. For more information, see details of the Creative Commons licence at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ UNDER THE CREATIVE UNDER THE CREATIVE COMMONS LICENCE YOU COMMONS LICENCE YOU MAY NOT: MAY: • gain financially from the work in any way; • read and store this • sell the work or seek monies in relation to the distribution document free of charge; of the work; • distribute it for personal • use the work in any commercial activity of any kind; use free of charge; • profit a third party indirectly via use or distribution of • print sections of the work the work; for personal use; • distribute in or through a commercial body (with • read or perform parts of the exception of academic usage within educational the work in a context where institutions such as schools and universities); no financial transactions • reproduce, distribute, or store the cover image outside take place. of its function as a cover of this work; • alter or build on the work outside of normal academic scholarship. Acknowledgement: We acknowledge the wording around open access used by Australian publisher, re.press, and thank them for giving us permission to adapt their wording to our policy http://www.re-press.org 8 Protest Cycles in the United States: From the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street to Sanders and Trump Ted Goertzel Protest movements had a major impact on political life in the United States during the protest cycle that was triggered by the economic crisis of 2007–08, peaked in 2011, and shaped the presidencies of Barack Obama and Donald Trump. The Occupy Wall Street and Tea Party movements framed the grievances of the key groups, and both had a significant im- pact on electoral politics. Both movements had an antiestablishment, populist cast—one coming from the left and the other from the right. This populism defeated the presidential ambitions of two well-established can- didates for the presidency in 2016: Jeb Bush and Hillary Clinton. Had the Republican Party establishment and its wealthy supporters been able to control the nomination process, Jeb Bush would have been the party’s nominee in 2016, and perhaps the Bush dynasty would have had a third instatement. Hillary Clinton was primed to be the country’s first woman president. But her feminist credentials, rooted in a protest cycle that peaked in the 1970s, were not enough to defeat Barack Obama in the Democratic Party primary in 2008. After serving as senator from New York and secretary of state, Hillary Clinton almost lost the party’s nomination in 2016 to Bernie Sanders, an eccentric senator from Vermont who labeled himself a democratic socialist. Meanwhile, Donald Trump, 173 a celebrity real estate developer and television personality, defeated a number of very well-funded Republican politicians to win the Republican nomination before defeating Hillary Clinton in the Electoral College, al- though not in the popular vote. It was an era of declining confidence in the American political, eco- nomic, and journalistic establishments, engendered in part by the innov- ative use of social media by social movements and Internet innovators, including some in the Russian government (Weisburd, Watts, and Berger 2017). It was an era in which charisma trumped competence and national- ism trumped globalization. In 2016, the right emerged triumphant, at least in electoral politics, although leftist populism remains ascendant among the generations that will shape political life in the future. The Economic Crisis of 2007–08 After a long period of improving economic conditions, the American people’s expectations were suddenly dashed by the economic crisis of 2007–08. The triggering event was the collapse of a bubble in housing prices that had been stimulated by irresponsible banking practices and government policies. Investment bankers and mortgage brokers had bun- dled large numbers of questionable mortgages into financial packages and sold them to investors on the theory that they could not all go bad at once. But that is exactly what happens when a bubble bursts, and major invest- ment banks and insurance companies were suddenly insolvent. Millions of people had borrowed too much money to invest in homes they really could not afford on the theory that housing prices would keep going up indefinitely. Their expectations were dashed and the economy went into a tailspin. The financial crisis of 2007–08 was an example of what political scien- tist James Davies (1962; 1969) called the “J-curve of rising and declining satisfactions” (see chapter 1 in this volume). Davies’s theory suggests that protest will break out when conditions suddenly worsen because people become angry and seek someone to blame for the disturbing course of events. They also seek a solution. But to do this, they need a theoretical “frame” to articulate their grievances and tell them who is at fault and what should be done about it (also discussed in chapter 2 in this volume). 174 Ted Goertzel Social movements compete to frame the events for their potential follow- ers so they can mobilize them to pressure for change. People’s first reaction is usually to blame the president when the econ- omy goes bad. As former president Harry Truman famously said, “the buck stops here.” This is true even though the American Constitution severely limits the president’s ability to regulate the economy. President George W. Bush was a conservative Republican whose inclination was to let the private sector take care of itself. When the crisis struck in 2007, he went so far as to allow one huge investment bank, Lehman Brothers, to go bankrupt. But his advisors persuaded him he could not let the whole financial structure collapse, so he authorized the government to buy up bad investments from several other huge investment banks and insurance companies. They were considered “too big to fail,” because their failure would bring down the rest of the economy. Protest from progressive activists was largely muted during this per- iod, partly because President Bush was being forced by events to take many of the actions progressives would normally advocate, such as intervening in major financial institutions. In addition, President Bush’s term was close to its end and many progressives put their energy into the campaign that elected Barack Obama in November 2008. President Obama, elected on a vague program of “a future you can believe in,” continued many of the policies Bush had established to stabilize the financial system, and he added spending programs to stimulate economic revival. One of the most controversial was to have the government purchase shares in the Gener- al Motors and Chrysler corporations to keep them from going bankrupt. Many conservatives, including Mitt Romney, the former Massachusetts governor and likely presidential candidate, opposed this. The J-curve hypothesis explains the upsurge in discontent following the economic crisis, but framing theory is needed to explain how the dis- content was articulated into grievances that engendered a protest cycle. Unlike other protest cycles where one frame became predominant, this protest cycle was characterized by polarization between two competing frames. These were most clearly exemplified by two social movements: the Tea Party and the Occupy movement. 8 | Protest Cycles in the United States 175 The Tea Party Movement The first major social movement to emerge in this period was not a re- sponse to the crisis from the left, but a protest from the right against President Obama’s anticrisis policies. This became known as the Tea Party movement (Wikipedia 2013a), in reference to the Boston Tea Party of 1773 that helped to spark the American Revolution. The movement’s collective action frame was that the government, not bankers or mortgage brokers, had caused the problem, and that the less the government did about it the better.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Editor's Introduction: Activism and Anagnorisis
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons English Faculty Publications English 2011 Editor's Introduction: Activism and Anagnorisis Marc Ouellette Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/english_fac_pubs Part of the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons Original Publication Citation Ouellette, M. (2011). Editor's Introduction: Activism and Anagnorisis. Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture, 11(4). http://reconstruction.digitalodu.com/Issues/114/ouelette_marc.shtml This Editorial is brought to you for free and open access by the English at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Current Issues Contributors Past Issues Call for Papers Editorial Board Submissions Search Reconstruction Vol. 11, No. 4 Return to Contents» Activism and Anagnorisis / Marc Ouellette "St. James, often referred to as the "Moor-slayer," is patron saint to veterinarians, equestrians, tanners, furriers, and pharmacists." <1> As I mull the current issue – a wonderful collection of open submissions and a terrific supplement on “post-9/11” developments, about both of which I feel too intellectually impoverished to write adequately – I am filled with mixed feelings, thoughts and even theoretical positions. This last is kind of inescapable given my best efforts to put theory into practice whenever and wherever possible. The two cannot and should not be inseparable, at least for anyone who claims to be even the most remotely involved in Cultural Studies. And yet, I know that this is the area where Cultural Studies fails most abjectly in living up to its claims and to its promise.
    [Show full text]
  • Support the Oshkosh Herald Koeller Road
    *****************ECRWSS**** PRST STD U.S. POSTAGE POSTAL CUSTOMER PAID SHAWANO, WI PERMIT NO. 135 AUGUST 25, 2021 x OSHKOSHHERALD.COM VOLUME 4, ISSUE 34 Teen Dating Violence With Growing Christine Ann Checkout Episode 13 diversity www.breakwaterwi.org help is one call or text away! in census call 2-1-1 or text your zip code to 898211 snapshot Slow growth in area on INSIDE top of multiracial shift By Kaitlyn Scoville Oshkosh Herald After a months-long delay, 2020 cen- sus data began its release in mid-August. National headlines broadcasted that the non-Hispanic white population had shrunk to its lowest share of the popula- tion since 1790 despite a slow increase over the past decade. Prep football Statistics detail the growth of non-white populations, noting a staggering increase High schools win of multiracial in- opening games dividuals by 276 Inside percent – from 9 Pages 18, 19 million in 2010 to County map almost 34 million lines to shift / in 2020. Page 8 Board size holds Front man The non-Hispan- at 36 / Page 8 Boston singer was ic white population Photo by Michael Cooney shrank by 8.6 per- their biggest fan A large oak tree upended by a July storm damaged a boardwalk at Sullivan’s Woods and made cent and now accounts for 57.8 percent of part of the trail impassable. the U.S. population, according to Reuters. Page 4 Every decade, the U.S. gets a refresher course on demography as it makes sense of local and national data. Forest preserve, trail University of Wisconsin Oshkosh so- School district ciology department chair Paul Van Auken has been monitoring this unsurprising pivots back to will need repair work change in numbers, citing projections of non-Hispanic white people no lon- Sullivan’s Woods area means that we need to completely replace ger holding more than half of the pop- mask mandate this structure,” he said.
    [Show full text]
  • Giving Among Same-Sex Couples
    GIVING AMONG SAME-SEX COUPLES: THE ROLE OF IDENTITY, MOTIVATIONS, AND CHARITABLE DECISION-MAKING IN PHILANTHROPIC ENGAGEMENT Elizabeth Jane Dale Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Lilly Family School of Philanthropy Indiana University June 2016 Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy. ____________________________________ Debra J. Mesch., Ph.D., Chair ____________________________________ Lehn M. Benjamin, Ph.D. Doctoral Committee ____________________________________ Dwight F. Burlingame, Ph.D. May 6, 2016 ____________________________________ Nancy Marie Robertson, Ph.D. ii DEDICATION To my parents, for instilling in me a love of learning. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have often heard that completing a Ph.D. can be a lonely path. For me, I found the road through my program to be rich with people who were insightful, caring, and collaborative, giving me the opportunity to form friendships and meet new colleagues from the United States and around the world. First and foremost, I thank my chair, Dr. Debra Mesch, the Eileen Lamb O’Gara Chair in Women’s Philanthropy and director of the Women’s Philanthropy Institute at the Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy. This dissertation was born out of a presentation on women’s giving Deb gave back in 2011 when I was the Director of Development for Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center in Chicago. During the question and answer period of her presentation, an audience member asked, “What about same-sex couples?” Deb’s answer was that academic research simply didn’t know.
    [Show full text]
  • True Conservative Or Enemy of the Base?
    Paul Ryan: True Conservative or Enemy of the Base? An analysis of the Relationship between the Tea Party and the GOP Elmar Frederik van Holten (s0951269) Master Thesis: North American Studies Supervisor: Dr. E.F. van de Bilt Word Count: 53.529 September January 31, 2017. 1 You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com) Page intentionally left blank 2 You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com) Table of Content Table of Content ………………………………………………………………………... p. 3 List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………………. p. 5 Chapter 1: Introduction…………………………………………………………..... p. 6 Chapter 2: The Rise of the Conservative Movement……………………….. p. 16 Introduction……………………………………………………………………… p. 16 Ayn Rand, William F. Buckley and Barry Goldwater: The Reinvention of Conservatism…………………………………………….... p. 17 Nixon and the Silent Majority………………………………………………….. p. 21 Reagan’s Conservative Coalition………………………………………………. p. 22 Post-Reagan Reaganism: The Presidency of George H.W. Bush……………. p. 25 Clinton and the Gingrich Revolutionaries…………………………………….. p. 28 Chapter 3: The Early Years of a Rising Star..................................................... p. 34 Introduction……………………………………………………………………… p. 34 A Moderate District Electing a True Conservative…………………………… p. 35 Ryan’s First Year in Congress…………………………………………………. p. 38 The Rise of Compassionate Conservatism…………………………………….. p. 41 Domestic Politics under a Foreign Policy Administration……………………. p. 45 The Conservative Dream of a Tax Code Overhaul…………………………… p. 46 Privatizing Entitlements: The Fight over Welfare Reform…………………... p. 52 Leaving Office…………………………………………………………………… p. 57 Chapter 4: Understanding the Tea Party……………………………………… p. 58 Introduction……………………………………………………………………… p. 58 A three legged movement: Grassroots Tea Party organizations……………... p. 59 The Movement’s Deep Story…………………………………………………… p.
    [Show full text]
  • THE TAX COMPLIANCE IMPLICATIONS of the TEA PARTY MOVEMENT Richard Lavoie*
    The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron Akron Law Publications The chooS l of Law October 2011 Patriotism and Taxation: The aT x Compliance Implications of the Tea Party Movement Richard L. Lavoie University of Akron Law School, [email protected] Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/ua_law_publications Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Lavoie, Richard L., "Patriotism and Taxation: The aT x Compliance Implications of the Tea Party Movement" (2011). Akron Law Publications. 131. http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/ua_law_publications/131 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The chooS l of Law at IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Akron Law Publications by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. PATRIOTISM AND TAXATION: THE TAX COMPLIANCE IMPLICATIONS OF THE TEA PARTY MOVEMENT Richard Lavoie* Given the rise of the tea party movement, which draws strength from the historical linkage between patriotism and tax protests in the United States, the role of patriotism as a general tax compliance factor is examined in light of the extant empirical evidence. The existing research suggests that patriotism may be a weaker tax compliance factor in the United States than it is elsewhere. In light of this possibility, the tea party movement has the potential to weaken this compliance factor even more.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf at OAPEN Library
    Tweets and the Streets Gerbaudo T02575 00 pre 1 30/08/2012 11:04 Gerbaudo T02575 00 pre 2 30/08/2012 11:04 TWEETS AND THE STREETS Social Media and Contemporary Activism Paolo Gerbaudo Gerbaudo T02575 00 pre 3 30/08/2012 11:04 First published 2012 by Pluto Press 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA www.plutobooks.com Distributed in the United States of America exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010 Copyright © Paolo Gerbaudo 2012 The right of Paolo Gerbaudo to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7453 3249 9 Hardback ISBN 978 0 7453 3248 2 Paperback ISBN 978 1 8496 4800 4 PDF eBook ISBN 978 1 8496 4802 8 Kindle eBook ISBN 978 1 8496 4801 1 EPUB eBook Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data applied for This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental standards of the country of origin. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Designed and produced for Pluto Press by Chase Publishing Services Ltd Typeset from disk by Stanford DTP Services, Northampton, England Simultaneously printed digitally by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, UK and Edwards Bros in the United States of America Gerbaudo T02575 00 pre 4 30/08/2012 11:04
    [Show full text]
  • Wednesday November 14, 2012
    Wednesday November 14, 2012 8:00 AM 002024 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Dolphin Europe 7 - Third/Lobby Level SEMINAR: Celebrating the COMMunity that Diversely “Does Disney”: Multi -disciplinary and Multi -institutional Approaches to Researching and Teaching About the "World" of Disney Sponsor: Seminars Chairs: Mary-Lou Galician, Arizona State University; Amber Hutchins, Kennesaw State University Presenters: Emily Adams, Abilene Christian University Sharon D. Downey, California State Univ, Long Beach Erika Engstrom, University of Nevada, Las Vegas Sandy French, Radford University Mary-Lou Galician, Arizona State University Cerise L. Glenn, Univ of North Carolina, Greensboro Jennifer A. Guthrie, University of Kansas Jennifer Hays, University of Bergen, Norway Amber Hutchins, Kennesaw State University Jerry L. Johnson, Buena Vista University Lauren Lemley, Abilene Christian University Debra Merskin, University of Oregon David Natharius, Arizona State University Tracey Quigley Holden, University of Delaware Kristin Scroggin, University of Alabama, Huntsville David Zanolla, Western Illinois University 002025 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM Dolphin Europe 8 - Third/Lobby Level SEMINAR: COMMunity Impact: Defining the Discipline and Equipping Our Students to Make Everyday Differences Sponsor: Seminars Chair: Darrie Matthew Burrage, Univ of Colorado, Boulder Presenters: Jeremy R. Grossman, University of Georgia Margaret George, Univ of Colorado, Boulder Katie Kethcart, Colorado State University Ashton Mouton, Purdue University Emily Sauter, University of Wisconsin, Madison Eric Burrage, University of Pittsburgh 002027 8:00 AM to 3:45 PM Dolphin Europe 10 - Third/Lobby Level SEMINAR: The Dissertation Writing Journey Sponsor: Seminars Chairs: Sonja K. Foss, Univ of Colorado, Denver; William Waters, University of Houston, Downtown 8:30 AM 003007 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM Dolphin Oceanic 3 - Third/Lobby Level PC02: Moving Methodology: 2012 Organizational Communication Division Preconference Sponsor: Preconferences Presenters: Karen Lee Ashcraft, University of Colorado, Boulder J.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Gazette 4-24-09.Pmd
    VOL. 113 - NO. 17 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, APRIL 24, 2009 $.30 A COPY Boston Takes Part in Boston Mayor Thomas Menino Seeks Re-election On Wednesday, April 22, Menino seeks to earn a fifth TEA PARTY REVOLUTION 2009, Mayor of Boston term as Mayor of Boston. Thomas Menino officially Earning the reputation of announced his candidacy an “urban mechanic” he for Mayor of Boston. Mayor stressed his belief that gov- Menino joins Michael F. ernment is about helping Flaherty, Sam Yoon and people. Menino’s campaign South End businessman motto is “Moving Boston Kevin McCrea in the may- Forward.” oral race. Announcing his For further information, candidacy after serving six- vist the Mayor’s website at teen years in office, Mayor www.MayorMenino.com. Paul Revere Rides into History On April 20, 2009, Patriot’s Day in Boston is also known as Marathon Monday, but for many it is a tradition of the rides of Paul Revere and Wil- liam Dawes that has been re- enacted for the 232nd time. The parade begam at Boston City Hall and marched through the streets of the North End. A ceremony was Former North Enders and current Stoneham residents held on Hanover Street in Ricky Colarusso with his mother Caroline Colarusso took front of St. Stephen’s Church. part in the Boston “Tea Party” protests at Christopher Mayor Thomas Menino Columbus Park in Boston’s North End. kicked off the ride by hand- ing over the scroll to “Paul Tax Day brought many pro- enough already” and threw Revere” who then rode tests around the country.
    [Show full text]
  • The Public Eye, Summer 2011
    Tea Party, p. 3 TheA PUBLICATION OF POLITICAL R PublicEyeESEARCH ASSOCIATES Summer 2011 • Volume XXVI, No.2 Arizona’s Anti- Immigrant Law SB1070 Where Did It Come From, Where Is It Going? By Lauri Lebo isericordia .The word washes across Mthe congregation at the tiny church, carried by voices singing in Spanish. Mercy. b Young girls, their long, shiny black hair u h S covered in sheer white doilies, sit close to n e l l E each other in the pews at Surprise Apos - © tolic Assembly in suburban Phoenix, Ari - Boston demonstrators support Wisconsin public employees, February 2011 zona, chattering and giggling into their hands. Mothers and grandmothers, their hair covered in scarves of black lace, lean over and gently shush them. A handsome The Attack on Unions young man with baby-smooth skin and Right-Wing Politics and Democratic Possibilities glistening hair neatly parted at the side steps forward to the pulpit. Steve Montenegro, By Abby Scher servatives what they could do once they the youth minister, beckons to the con - The November 2010 Republican were in charge: how deeply they could cut gregation’s children, who gather at his Sweep government, and how successfully they feet. He praises the little ones for their inno - ore than a million people watched on could go after union “bosses,” even with a cence as their mothers snap photos from MYoutube as New Jersey Governor Democratic legislature. Elected only in the pews. Chris Christie sneered at a public school 2009, Christie quickly became an inspi - Steve’s father, José Roberto Montene - teacher who had the temerity to ask him at ration for the Right, as he went full throt - gro, the church’s pastor, delivers the sermon tle in blaming unions for the grossly a September 2010 town meeting how his SB1070 continues on page 12 policies would help the middle class when underfunded state pension system and the $11 billion deficit he inherited.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Recession: Some Niebuhrian Reflections Scott R
    DePaul University From the SelectedWorks of Scott R. Paeth 2012 The Great Recession: Some Niebuhrian Reflections Scott R. Paeth, DePaul University Available at: https://works.bepress.com/scott_paeth/27/ Access Provided by Depaul University at 11/08/12 9:18PM GMT discussion The Great Recession: Some Niebuhrian Reflections Scott R. Paeth The paroxysms of economic pain through which the world has been suffering for the past four years offer any number of possible vectors for analysis—from economic theory, to public policy, to sociology, to international affairs. An examination of the economic crisis through any of these lenses would reveal a great deal both about how we’ve come to be here, and how we might (or might not) find our way out of it. The “Great Recession” is almost unique in modern political economics: a large- scale, catastrophic global economic meltdown, which may well persist for some time to come.1 There have, of course, been other economic crises, discussion recessions of greater or lesser duration, as well as global crises, such as the so-called “Asian Flu” of the mid- 1990s, but the Great Recession has come to be so named because its impact has been unlike anything the world has experienced since the 1930s (see Krugman 2008; Reich 2010; Stiglitz 2010). And given the increasingly interconnected and codependent nature of the global economic system, the negative effects of this downturn are affecting a much greater proportion of the world’s Soundings, population than the Great Depression. The reverbera- Vol. 95, No. 4, 2012 copyright © 2012 tions continue, as we see in the ongoing European the Pennsylvania financial crisis; but the epicenter of the earthquake, in State University, University Park, Pa September of 2008, was the result of a conscious set of 390 soundings decisions and policies that led inexorably to a wide-scale economic meltdown.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer 2021 | Commemorative Program Welcome
    Summer 2021 | Commemorative Program Welcome The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) Leadership Foundation and the National Association of Broadcasters welcome you to the 2021 Celebration of Service to America Awards. Every day, local radio and television stations provide a critical public service by delivering essential news, weather and entertainment their communities rely on every day, as well as a lifeline during times of crisis. When the mics and cameras turn off, these stations continue their good work through charitable efforts and service to their communities. This year was no exception as our finalists devoted 3,528 hours of airtime to public service and addressed the unique challenges of COVID-19 within their communities. In total, more than $43,440,000 worth of funds and donations were raised to support local charities across the country to help fight hunger, fill gaps in education and provide support to local businesses and charities. The importance and impact of broadcasting has never been greater. While we cannot celebrate in person this year, we are thankful for the support of our broadcasting community and Disney Media & Entertainment Distribution as we recognize the work and share the stories of our fellow broadcasters. We are honored that the 23rd annual Celebration of Service to America Awards will once again be broadcast across the country by local radio and television stations as a special one-hour awards ceremony featuring celebrity guests, past honorees and policymakers beginning July 10 through August 14. Emmy award-winning host Tamron Hall and other celebrity guests will honor local radio and television stations and community leaders like Lin-Manuel Miranda for their unwavering commitment to the communities they serve.
    [Show full text]
  • The Participatory Networks of 9/11 Media Culture
    The Politics of Ethical Witnessing: The Participatory Networks of 9/11 Media Culture A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Emanuelle Wessels IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Adviser: Ronald Walter Greene September 2010 © Emanuelle Wessels 2010 Acknowledgements First, I would like to thank my advisor, Ronald Walter Greene. Professor Greene consistently went above and beyond to guide me through this project, and his insight, patience, and encouragement throughout the process gave me the motivation and inspiration to see this dissertation to the end. Thank you for everything, Ron. Thank you to Professors Laurie Ouellette, Cesare Casarino, and Gilbert Rodman for conversing with me about the project and providing helpful and thoughtful suggestions for future revisions. I would also like to thank Professor Mary Vavrus for serving on my committee, and for assisting me with crucial practical and administrative matters. Professor Edward Schiappa, whose pragmatic assistance has also been much appreciated, has been invaluably supportive and helpful to me throughout my graduate career. I would also like to acknowledge the many professors who have inspired me throughout the years, including Karlyn Kohrs Campbell, Donald Browne, Thomas Pepper, Elizabeth Kotz, Greta Gaard, and Richa Nagar. Without the kindness and friendship of the many wonderful people I have had the pleasure of meeting in graduate school, none of this would have been possible either. A heartfelt thank you to my friends, including Julie Wilson, Joseph Tompkins, Alyssa Isaacs, Carolina and Eric Branson, Kate Ranachan, Matthew Bost, Kaitlyn Patia, Alice Leppert, Anthony Nadler, Helen and Justin Parmett, Thomas Johnson, and Rebecca Juriz.
    [Show full text]