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The 1992Elections in Virginia: a Status Quo State in the Lear Ofchange Part 2

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The 1992Elections in Virginia: a Status Quo State in the Lear Ofchange Part 2 The 1992Elections in Virginia: A Status Quo State in the lear ofChange Part 2. The U. S. House Elections andState Bond Issues ••••• • ••••••••••••••• • • • • • By Larry J. Sabato .......................... Mr. Sabato is Robert Kent Gooch Professor ofGov­ nearly guaranteed the election ofthe state's first ernment and Foreign Affairs at the University of African-American congressman since John Virginia. Part 1 ofthis article) in the January Mercer Langston served part of a single term 1993 News Letter, discussed Virginias 1992 elec­ from a Southside district from 1890 to 1891. tion fOr US. president. At the same time, the black voters that the 3rd District annexed from the surrounding Northern 1992 will be Neck 1st, Norfolk-Virginia Beach 2nd, and Cange was the watchword of Election recorded as the Tidewater 4th districts made all three ofthem Day 1992 across the country. But, as befits a year Virginia more white and Republican in nature. tradition-minded state, change came to Virginia elected its first The Southside 5th became somewhat more more incrementally. The elections for the U.S. Democratic with the addition ofthe Charlottes­ House ofRepresentatives had an unusually ac­ African-American ville area and the loss of Carroll County and tive nomination season, a result ofredistricting, congressman in this the City ofGalax, while the Roanoke area 6th retirements, and a renewed commitment by century and its first and Southwest 9th changed relatively little. The Republicans to competition. A constitutional radically redesigned 7th, like its numerical pre­ congresswoman amendment and three general obligation bond decessor, was heavily Republican. While the old issues for capital projects completed Virginia's ever. 7th was Piedmont-based, however, the new 7th 1992 ballot. had its population roots in Richmond. Redistricting dramatically changed the face In 1992 Northern Virginia could boast of Virginia's congressional map. The creation of three districts rather than its previous two, of the majority-black 3rd District, which me­ and the new 11 th was considered closely bal­ anders from Hampton Roads to Richmond, anced between the two major parties. The other University of Virginia NEWS LETTER two Northern Virginia districts were now tilted in The Center is Moving a partisan direction, the 8th toward the Democrats and the 10th to the GOP. The Center for Public Service moves its Charlottesville In politics, geography is often destiny, and offices the latter part of February. so the contours ofthe districts helped to determine Effective March 1, you can reach us at: the shape of the House contests. One Republican Center for Public Service incumbent, the 7th's George F. Allen, Jr., was forced University of Virginia 918 Emmet Street North, Suite 300 to retire after only a year in Congress-he won a Charlottesville, VA 22903-4832 special 1991 election to fill a vacancy-because he Phone was paired with senior GOP U. S. Representative Main Number: 804-982-5522 Publications: 804-982-5704 Thomas J. Bliley, Jr. After considering a move into FAX: 804-982-5524 the 5th, 6th, or 10th district, Allen decided to de­ fer to Bliley and instead run for governor in 1993. Due to the Center's relocation, the News Letter will not publish a March 1993 issue. Allen was the most conspicuous target ofthe Demo­ cratic governor and legislature, which for the first time since the 1960s were able to control the re­ November opponent when Cha man d feated a districting process without Republican input. l Thus, Pat Robertson-endorsed candidate, Ewin Ottinger, Democrats were able to make the most out oftheir in a party convention. 1992 redistricting opportunity, nearly guarantee­ 3rd District. A heated primary battle among ing that their party would be able to maintain its a trio ofprominent black politicians on the Demo­ majority in the congressional delegation.2 cratic side resulted in the June 9 nomination ofstate Senator Bobby Scott ofNewport News. Scott won easily with 67.0 percent of the vote, to 21.5 per­ RUSENOMINATIONS cent for Delegate Jean Cunningham ofRichmond The Republican party made the best of its weak­ and 11.5 percent for Richmond lawyer Jacqueline ened position, nominating a complete slate ofHouse Epps. Scott, who had lost a 1986 congressional race candidates for the first time since 1968. This was a in the old 1st District to Republican Herb Bateman, commendable recovery from its abysmal 1990 de­ benefitted from an ample treasury and overwhelm­ cision to leave all 5 incumbent Democratic ing backing in his home area. 3 The Republicans congressmen unopposed. In 1992 only the Demo­ also had a nominating contest between two Afri­ crats took a bye on a House race, permitting GOP can-Americans: DanJenkins, a Philip Morris U.S.A. incumbent Thomas Bliley ofthe 7th to run unop­ technician, and Freeman McCullers, a bail bonds­ posed. man. Jenkins won by a 3 -to-1 margin at a May 16 Not only did the parties nearly fill the 1992 convention. November ballot, but they also sponsored an ex­ 4th District. Democrats renominated their traordinarily large number of intraparty contests 5-term incumbent, Norman Sisisky, while the GOP for House nominations. This was especially true chose Hopewell City Councilman Anthony Zevgolis. for the GOP. There were 5 district convention battles 5th District. The incumbent Democrat, L. and 2 district primaries on the Republican side, F. Payne, was matched against nursing home ad­ while the Democrats witnessed 1 primary and 2 ministrator William Hurlburt, who defeated a convention contests. In addition, 8 incumbents and management consultant and Christian activist, 3 challengers were nominated without opposition. William Tanner, in a GOP convention. The district-by-district accounting ofopposed races 6th District. Incumbent DemocratJim Olin was as follows. chose to retire after serving 5 terms, setting up a 1st District. A rematch of the close 1990 fierce party competition is this marginal district. contest between incumbent Republican Herbert Republicans chose Roanoke attorney Robert Bateman and Democrat Andy Fox, a former tele­ Goodlatte, while Democrats narrowly selected a vision reporter, was slated. Roanoke-area insurance executive, Steve 2nd District. Democratic incumbent Owen Musselwhite, in a tumultuous convention. It took Pickett drew Republican lawyer Jim Chapman as a 5 ballots for Musselwhite to defeat two Roanoke 1 In the two preceding redistrictings of 1971 and 1981, Republican 3 Scott spent $270,507 to $143,015 for Cunningham and $127,507 governors had be n able to protect their party froln damage by a for Epps, according to the]uly 15,1992 disclosure reports filed with Democratic General A sembly. the F d ral Election Con1mission. Scott received 86.7 percent ofthe 2 In addition to forcing Allen's withdrawal, which cost the GOP a vote in hi home area of N ewport News, where turnout wa some­ seat, the Democrats fashioned in the new black-majority 3rd a dis­ what better than elsewhere in the district. (Overall, only 15 percent trict nearly certain to elect a Democrat to Congress. of the district's registered voters participated.) Center for Public Service February 1993 attorneys, John Fishwick and John Edwards, and contest was 3-term member Owen Pickett in the • Over $9 million was capture the nomination. 2nd District. With most of the black vote in Nor­ 8th District. Incumbent DemocratJim Moran folk moved to the new 3rd District, Pickett's electoral • spent by the House was unopposed for renomination, while Republi­ cushion was deflated. Even so, he bested Republi­ • candidates in 1992, cans picked environmental lawyer Kyle McSlarrow can Jim Chapman by 56 to 44 percent. All the other in a June 9 primary to oppose Moran. McSlarrow incumbent Democrats won handily, as Table 1 • a 61 percent increase won 53.9 percent of the vote to defeat Alexandria indicates. • over the $5.6 million Vice Mayor William C. Cleveland, an African­ Not surprisingly, it was a nonincumbent, American (who received 28.2 percent), and former Bobby Scott, who racked up the highest Demo­ • total of 1990, and an congressional committee stafferJoseph Vasapoli (who cratic winning percentage (78.6 percent) in the new • all-time spending garnered 17.9 percent). Turnout in the district was black-majority district. Not far behind were Demo­ just 6 percent of the registered voters. cratic congressmen L. F. Payne, Jr. ofthe 5th District • record for U.S. 9th District. Republicans, meeting in con­ (68.9 percent), Norman Sisisky ofthe 4th District • House races vention, nominated Radford City Councilman Gary (68.4 percent), and Rick Boucher of the 9th Dis­ Weddle to challenge incumbent Democrat Rich trict (63.1 percent). In the 8th District, Democrat • in Virginia. Boucher. Weddle bested Radford University mu­ James Moran, a narrow winner in his first election sic professor Lew Sheckler in a relatively close contest. in 1990, won a second term easily with 56.1 per­ 10th District. Former Democrat delegate Ray cent; Moran was another beneficiary ofredistricting. Vickery emerged just before the filing deadline to The state's closest race by far was in the new challenge Republican incumbent FrankWolfin this 11 th District, which lived up to its billing as mar:. heavily Republican Northern Virginia district. ginal territory. A hard-fought and bitterly personal 11 th District. Democrats coalesced early race developed between Democrat Byrne and Re­ around Delegate Leslie L. Byrne ofFairfax County, publican Henry Butler. An ample warchest and who was unopposed for nomination to the new seat negative advertising lifted Byrne to a 5 percentage and hoped to become the first Virginia woman ever point victory over Butler. She was one of47 women elected to Congress. The GOP hosted a 5-way pri­ elected to the U. S. House in November 1992-a mary that resulted in the nomination of George record number.
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