National Current Affairs
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NATIONAL CURRENT AFFAIRS BIHAR ELECTIONS NOV’05: JD(U)-BJP COMBINE GETS MAJORITY The Janata Dal(United)-Bharatiya Janata Party combine got majority in the Bihar poll in November 2005. In the elections, second in eight months, forced by a premature dissolution of the 243-member assembly, the Nitish Kumar led- National Democratic Alliance bagged 140 seats, 18 more than the halfway mark of 122. Kumar's Janata Dal-United won 86 seats and BJP 54 seats against 55 and 37 won in the March elections, which had thrown up a hung verdict, President's rule and the consequence dissolution. NDA's chief ministerial candidate 54- year-old Kumar, an electrical engineer who led coalition to a convincing victory, said good governance will be his top most priority and that he would be fair to all religious communities and castes, including the extremely backward classes and deprived sections. He is expected to be elected leader of the JD(U)-BJP legislature party and likely to be sworn in on Thursday at the Gandhi Maidan in Patna. RJD, which had a vice- like grip on power ever since 1990, finally lost in the battle of ballots securing 53 seats and its alliance partner Congress getting nine seats, one less than last time. RJD had won 75 in the last elections. Another alliance partner Communist Party of India-Marxist managed to get a lone seat. NITISH KUMAR SWORN-IN AS BIHAR CM Janata Dal (United) leader Nitish Kumar was on Nov 24, 2005 sworn-in as the 33rd chief minister of Bihar. He was administered the oath of office and secrecy by Governor Buta Singh at a public function at Gandhi Maidan in Patna. State Bharatiya Janata Party President Sushil Kumar Modi was sworn-in as the deputy chief minister of the JD(U)-BJP coalition government. The swearing-in ceremony was attended among others by several National Democratic Alliance leaders, including former Prime Minister A B Vajpayee, BJP president L K Advani, JD(U) leaders Sharad Yadav and Jaya Jaitely. Akali Dal leader Prakash Singh Badal, National Conference leader Farooq Abdullah, Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Babulal Gaur and BJP leaders M Venkaiah Naidu, Uma Bharti, Arun Jaitely and Navjot Singh Siddhu also attended the function. Altogether 26 ministers, 16 of cabinet rank and 10 ministers of state, took oath along with Chief Minister Nitish Kumar. OIL-FOR-FOOD SCANDAL K. Natwar Singh, India's External Affairs Minister, as well as the Congress Party are listed in the recently released report of the Volcker Committee as "non-contractual beneficiaries" of Iraqi oil sales in 2001 under the United Nations Oil-for-Food Programme. The contracting company in both cases is named as Masefield AG. The fifth and final report of the Independent Inquiry Committee, appointed by U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan in April 2004 to investigate the administration and management of the Oil-for-Food Programme, is available at www.iic- offp.org. Mr. Singh is shown in Table 3 of the Report as the non-contractual "beneficiary" in connection with 4 million barrels of oil allotted to Masefield AG, the contracting company, which actually lifted 1.936 million barrels out of this. The phase in which the oil was allocated is shown as 9. In addition, the Congress Party is listed in the same table as the non-contractual "beneficiary" in connection with 4 million barrels allotted in phases 10, 11, 12 and 13. Out of this allocation, 1.001 million barrels were lifted. In this case, Masefield AG is shown as the contracting company in phase 10 (during which the 1.001 million barrels were lifted), but no name of the contracting company is mentioned for the subsequent phases. The table also lists Reliance Petroleum Limited as a "beneficiary" from an allocation of 19 million barrels of oil to Alcon Petroleum Limited, the contracting company, which lifted 15.780 million barrels in phases 9, 10 and 11. A yet to be identified Bhim Singh from India is also listed in the table as a "beneficiary," with no contracting company mentioned by name. In Bhim Singh's case, 7.300 million barrels were allocated but nothing of this was lifted, according to the table. Volcker Drama: the key players With new revelations almost daily, the Volcker report drama continues to rock India's political circles, in general, and the ruling United Progressive Alliance government, in particular. New names are cropping up everyday, with new allegations. If the rapid turn of events has left you a little confused, here is a quick guide to the key players in the oil for food scandal, as far as India is concerned. The U.N. Investigative Officer Mr. Paul Volcker: Before the oil for food report, he was best known as the chairman of the American Federal Reserve from 1979 to 1987, when Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan were President. Volcker is credited with having stemmed an inflation crisis in America in the 1980s. In April 2004, the United Nations gave him the task of investigating charges of corruption in the oil-for-food programme the UN had devised to help sanction-riddled Iraq to survive. The Iraqi Connections: Saddam Hussein: Iraqi dictator overthrown by America's Operation Iraqi Freedom. After Saddam's Iraq invaded neighbouring Kuwait in 1990, the UN imposed economic sanctions on the country. In the face of a global appeal to save the people of Iraq from bearing the brunt of the sanctions on its dictatorial regime, the UN started the oil-for-food programme in December 1996. Under the programme, Iraq could sell its oil at UN-prescribed prices in exchange of humanitarian goods. Iraq sold $64.2 billion worth of oil to 248 companies and 3,614 firms sold $34.5 billion worth of humanitarian goods to Baghdad before the programme ended in 2003. Saddam's regime devised an elobarate scheme to pilfer money from the oil-for-food programme, the full details of which came to light with the Volcker Committee report. Tariq Aziz: He was the deputy prime minister in the Saddam regime, and the only Christian in the deposed dictator's inner circle. Aziz was the Saddam regime's global face, before America invaded Iraq. It is now being alleged that the kickbacks received by the Indian non contractual beneficiaries -- read former external affairs minister Natwar Singh -- came after a series of meetings Natwar, his son Jagat Singh, and family friend Andy Sehgal had with Aziz and other Baath Party officials. The Indian Players: K Natwar Singh: India's former external affairs minister and veteran Congress leader. The Volcker report says Iraq 'selected oil recipients in order to influence foreign policy and international public opinion in its favour.' Thus the oil vouchers went to prominent pro-Iraq global voices, who the report classifies as 'non-contractual beneficiaries. These 'non- contractual beneficiaries', in turn, sold the vouchers to oil companies who bought oil at UN- prescribed low prices. Natwar is one of the Indian non-contractual beneficiaries named in the Volcker report. The others are Jammu and Kashmir Panther's Party leader Bhim Singh, and the Congress party. Natwar has maintained he had no role in the oil-for-food scam. Jagat Singh: Natwar's son and Congress legislator from Lachhmangarh in Alwar, Rajasthan. He has admitted he visited Saddam Hussein's Iraq, but maintains he did so as part of a Youth Congress delegation, and not for personal gains through the oil-for-food scam, as has been alleged. Jagat is not a stranger to being in the news for all the wrong reasons. His name figured prominently in the media when his wife Natasha and sister Ritu committed suicide within two months of each other in 2002. Andaleeb 'Andy' Sehgal: Sehgal owns Hamdan Exports, which was named in the Volcker Report for paying $748,540 as illegal surcharge payments on behalf of Masefield AG, a Swiss oil company. According to the Volcker Report, Masefield bought Iraqi oil against coupons given to Natwar Singh and Congress. Natwar Singh's son Jagat Singh's close friend and relative. Sehgal's brother-in-law Jayatendra Singh's father and Natwar Singh's wife are cousins. Aneil Mathrani: He served for over 20 years in the All India Congress Committee's foreign affairs department, and helped the party develop ties with political parties across the globe. When the United Progressive Alliance government was sworn in, Mathrani was made officer on special duty in the ministry of external affairs. He was the Indian Ambassador to Croatia, till he was recalled on Friday, following his disclosures to a television channel that Natwar was fully aware of the oil-for-food scam. Mathrani was secretary of the Congress' foreign cell when Natwar Singh was its chairman. According to reports, Mathrani flew to Jordan on January 18, 2001, the same day as Natwar's son Jagat Singh did. Reports also say Mathrani flew back to Jordan in April the same year. The visits almost coincide to when the Volcker Committee says 'illegal surcharge' payments were made in the Jordan National Bank. NEW MADHYA PRADESH CHIEF MINISTER The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on Nov 27, 2005 replaced Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Babulal Gaur with backward leader Shivraj Singh Chauhan, even as it decided to elevate firebrand leader Uma Bharati, a contender for the post, as party general secretary. Chauhan, the state BJP president, has the backing of a considerable section of the party. The parliamentary board met after Gaur, in a communication to party president L. K. Advani, expressed his desire to step down.