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Sirex Monitoringguidlines.Pub INSECT MONITORING SYSTEMS Surveillance Technology for Sirex Woodwasp in Forestry Introduction: Sirex woodwasp (Sirex noctilio) is a key invasive species of global importance in forestry and timber production. In the past cen- tury, Sirex has expanded from the native range of Euro-Asia to every continent in the World: 1900 - New Zealand 1954 - Australia, 1980 - Uruguay 1985 - Argentina 1988 - Brazil 1994 - South Africa 2001 - Chile, 2005 - USA and Canada Upon establishment in new locations, Sirex has the capacity to kill 80% of pine trees. Trees are damaged by larval wood boring and the transmission of fungal pathogens. Alpha Scents has developed an optimized Sirex monitoring system using our Panel Trap and multicomponent controlled release lures. The trap mimics the bole of a tree as a visual stimulus for the adult wasp. The lure is a synthetic blend of alpha– and beta-pinenes and ethanol. Population spread can be monitored using Panel Traps baited with a high release kairomone lure. Multicomponent lure on a hanger Alpha Scents, Inc., 7676 Tuttle Road, Bridgeport, NY 13030 Tel. 315-699-1991 • Fax. 314-271-7297 • [email protected] www.alphascents.com Trap Design Comparisons for Capturing Native and Exotic Wood Wasps, and Other Exotic Insect Species Comparison of wood wasp captures in Funnel traps vs. Panel traps during Pine Pitch Canker Vector Survey 2000, Salem, OR (Oregon Department of Agriculture) 12 10 Funnel Trap 8 Panel Trap Capture Efficiency of Exotic Insect 6 Species in Panel Trap vs. Funnel # of wasps # of 4 Trap, Oregon Department of 600 2 Agriculture, 2002 Funnel 0 Trap 400 Orussus sp. Sirex juvencus Urocerus albicornis californicus 200 2006‐2007 Sirex trials in the Kettle Moraine State 0 Forest of S.E. Wisconsin, Wisconsin Department of Total individuals Total species No. Unique species 12 Natural Resources. 10 Funnel Trap 8 Panel Trap 6 4 Comparison of Sirex captures in Funnel traps vs. Panel traps Australia 2004/2005 # Siricid captured 2 30 0 Funnel 25 Urocerus Urocerus Sirex edwardsii Tremex columba Trap cressoni albicornis 20 ***different collection cup methods were used in both traps 15 10 5 # Sirex wasp captured wasp # Sirex 0 Site 1 Site 2 Panel Trap is a superior design and detection of wood wasps and other forest insect pests. INSECT MONITORING SYSTEMS Panel Trap: innovative, effective, and user-friendly. This universal trap for bark beetles, ambrosia beetles, longhorn beetles and other wood borers is an excellent alternative to multi-funnel traps. It is the preferred trap for Sirex wood wasp in national monitoring programs in Australia. Its unique design was developed in cooperation with Oregon State University and the US Forest Service. While simulat- ing a tree of large diameter, the trap provides a large surface area to maxi- mize trapping. Panel Trap offers light-weight, durability, easy assembly, weather-resistance, and convenient storage when flattened. Contact us for a report summarizing trap efficacy. Dimensions: Cross Panels 12” x 32”. User reviews: “We have compared panel traps with Lindgren funnel traps for Sirex female catch. The panel traps re- tained about 30% more females than funnel traps. Australia wide we are running with panel traps. The old detection method is to set up plots of 10 trees treated with herbicide. Lots of trap tree plots are not hit by Sirex. Often we can get Sirex in the traps and the adjacent trap trees are not hit. The trap system has been very effective in picking up the presence of Sirex in 'Sirex free plantations'. This gives us a cost saving of about 38% on the previous trap tree system.” “In 2006/2007 flight season traps were placed at 15 'sirex free' compartments in northern Tasmania. Sirex and Ibalia were captured at 10 of these compartments.” Dr. Dick Bashford, Forestry Tasmania, Australia. “The biggest advantage I see for using the Panel Trap is its light weight and larger surface area compared to other trapping systems that are generally heavier and with less effective surface area for contacting for- est beetles (e.g.,bark beetles, wood boring insects and their associates). One issue we continually struggle with in Alaska is in keeping our direct costs down for implementing our early detection and rapid response monitoring systems for exotic insects. Shipping costs and restrictions have increased in the past 2-5 years and that has posed particular challenges for keeping the cost-benefit ratio from increasing on various trapping projects, including both monitoring work, but also to keep costs in line for operational trap out projects during forest operations. … The comparatively lighter trapping system such as the panel trap sys- tem compacts well for shipping and has significantly reduced overall costs for getting trapping supplies to the more remote, roadless areas of Alaska such as between Juneau and Ketchikan along the Southeast Alaska panhandle. … The panel trap has been particularly functional for trapping and monitoring for the large wood-boring insects (e.g., cerambycids) on several recent projects we've undertaken to support APHIS and USFS work for early detection and rapid response against exotic beetles.” Dr. Roger Burnside, Dept. of Natural Resources, Div. of Forestry, Alaska. INSECT MONITORING SYSTEMS 1. Assemble Panel Traps as per the enclosed instruction sheet 2. Standard preservative formulation Use 500 ml of preservative fluid per trap. 400 ml of ethanol and 100 ml of glycerine. Add 10 ml of dish washing detergent 10ml. 3. Trap placement and servicing Use a minimum of three traps per compartment spaced 100 meters apart. Suspend the trap between two pickets at about 0.5m above ground using wire pegs. Traps should be placed in open areas, such as be side an access road, in partial shade. Preferentially place traps 10-50 meters outside of the tree compart ment. Sirex often fly along roadways and in open clearings in the plantations. *** Do not place traps near dying or very stressed trees or in stands with previously confirmed Sirex infestation *** Traps should be installed for a minimum of six weeks during the Sirex flight season. Traps should be serviced every two weeks. When Sirex is found in a specific trap, stop trapping that compartment. 4. Pest delimitation Conduct a pest delimitation survey of all trees within a one hundred-meter radius of any trap that cap tures Sirex to locate any Sirex emergent trees. Based on the number of identified emergent trees, evaluate the possibility of implementing a trap tree program (>0.2% of stocking). 5. Lures The Sirex lure is a combination of alpha- and beta-pinenes and ethanol. The lure should remain active in the trap for 45 days at 25 degrees C. Lures are still active when there is visible liquid in the dispenser. To check for lure longevity, or ongoing activity, inspect the lures to see if any liquid remains in the vials or bags. When lures dry out, replace the lure with a fresh dispenser at time of trap servicing. Lures should be stored in the freezer until installation. Hang lures with a cable tie from the center of the trap panel (as per instruction sheet). 6. Servicing Service traps every two weeks. Servicing of trap is most easily performed by placing a square sieve of muslin cloth (not netting as holes will be too big and let Scolytids through) over a one liter plastic container container and tipping the contents of the collection cup through the muslin. The liquid con tents of the plastic container can then be poured back into the collecting cup (recycled) and topped up as required. Either count the target insects on site, or store contents in collection vial with alcohol for subsequent lab analysis. 7. Sirex and bark beetle captures: Storage, Processing and Identification Sirex trap collectors should record any bark beetle captures for additional management information. The muslin square (with insects sieved from trap inspection) can then folded and be placed in a ziplock bag with the trap number and date label written in pencil. Ziplock sample bags should be stored in the freezer until forwarded to qualified personnel for identification or species confirmation. INSECT MONITORING SYSTEMS Panel Trap 1 1. Hanging wire 2. Hood 3. Main Body 4. Collecting funnel 5. Collecting cup 6. Plastic retainer 7. Lure hanging opening 2 8. Hanging tabs with holes Assembly instructions: 7 1. Align the tabs of the main body with the slots in the hood and collecting funnels, 3 2. Push the tabs through the holes as much as possible, 3. Protrude at least two plastic retainers through the holes in tabs (8)(that emerge from the collecting funnel). Attach collecting cup by hooking ends of the retainers in the keyholes in the corner of the cup (5a), 4. Attach the hanging wire through two holes in the opposite tabs protruding through the hood of the trap, 5. Mount lure into the lure opening (7) by putting the lure holder through the hole located directly above 4 the opening. 8 6 5 8 5a Alpha Scents, Inc., 1089 Willamette Falls Dr., West Linn, OR 97068 Tel. 503-342-8611 " Fax. 314-271-7297 " [email protected] www.alphascents.com.
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