COMPUTER ABBREVIATIONS [Copyright: TECHNOART Co. Ltd.]
References: Magazines: Nikkei Electronics, Nikkei Microdevices, Nikkei Mechanical, etc. News papers: Nikkei Industrial Journal, Dempa Journal White papers: IEEE, IEC, SMPTE, Internet Websites, format specifications, etc. Others: encyclopedias, instruction booklets, catalogues, product spec., etc.
ABBREVIATION DERIVATION OF ABBREVIATION
3D DDI 3 Dimensional Device Driver Interface 4GL 4th generation language A3D Aural 3D ABI application binary interface ABS air bearing surface ACSM Application Control State Machine ADB Apple Desktop Bus ADE automatic design engineering AIF application integration feature AOAC always on/always connected APIC Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APM Advanced Power Management APNIC Asia Pacific Network Information Center ARC Advanced RISC Computing ATMS Automated Traffic Management Systems AT-UD Unimodem Diagnostics Command AWT Abstract Window Toolkit BAR base address register BBS bulletin board system bcc blind carbon copy BCL bias compensation layer BIPS billion instructions per second BIS boot integrity services BLOB Binary Large Object BML Broadcast Markup Language BNF Backup Naur Form BPR business process reengineering BSDL Boundary Scan Description Language BTL backplane transceiver logic BTRON Business TRON tag">C&C computer and communication CBQ class-based queuing CDA Compound Document Architecture CDB Command Description Block CDC Connected Device Configuration CDDI copper distributed data interface CDF Channel Definition Format CDFF Common Document File Format CDIF Common Document Intermediate Format CDL Class Definition Language CDP Concept Description Plan CDRA Character Data Representation Architecture CDSA Common Data Security Architecture CEDR Windows CE Driver Repository CHS cylinder head sector CI Component Instrumentation CICS Customer Information Control System CID Compatible ID CIFS Common Internet File System CIM computer integrated manufacturing CIM Common Information Model CIMOM CIM Object Model CINF check (modem) INF tool CLAD cell assembler/disassembler CLI Call Level Interface CLOS Common Lisp Object System CLP cell loss priority CLUT Colour Look-Up Table CML Caucus Markup Language CMM color matching modules CMM Capability Maturity Model CNR Communication and Networking Riser COCOMO construction cost model CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture COSE Common Open Software Environment COSS Common Object Service Specification CTRON central-TRON CTS computerized typesetting system CTS Clear To Send DAS dual attachment station DBC Device Bay Controller DBM Dual Bit Map DC device context DCD Data Carrier Detect DCE Data Communications Equipment DCF Distributed Coordination Function DCL Delay Calculation Language DCLZ data compression Lempel-Ziv DCOM Distributed Component Object Model DDC2B Display Data Channel Standard, Level 2B DIB Device Independent Bitmap DIFS distributed access inter frame space DIPS Dendenkousha Information Processing System DMWG Data Management Work Group DN Distinguished Name DNS Domain Name System DOA data oriented approach DOM Distributed Operations Master DOMF Distributed Object Management Facility DOP Directory Operational Protocol DOS Disk Operating System DP data parallelism DPC Deferred Procedure Call DPI dot per inch(dpi) DPMI DOS protected mode interface DPMS Display Power Management Signaling DRC design rule checker DRDA Distributed Relational Database Architecture DRF Data Recovery Field DRM Digital Rights Management (System) DR-PI design representation programming interface DS Directory Service DSA Digital Signature Algorithm DSE Development Software Engineer DSM digital storage media DSM-CC digital storage media-control command DSO Dynamic Shared Object DSS Microsoft Mail Directory Synchronization (dir-sync) Server DSS decision support system DSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (ISO/IEC 10179) DSU digital service unit DTC Distributed Transaction Coordinator DTD document type definition DTE data terminal equipment DTM data transfer mechanism DTP desktop publishing DTR Data Terminal Ready DVMCI digital video media control interface DVO Digital Video Output DXF drawing interchange file EA extended attributes EAB embedded array block EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol EASI embedded all-in-one system interface EBCDIC extended binary coded decimal interchange code EBCOT Embedded Block Coding with Optimized Truncation EDA electronic design automation EDD Enhanced Disk Drive EDF earliest deadline first EDI electronic data interchange EDID Extended Display Identification Data EDIF electronic design interchange format EDO extended data out EDP electronic data processing EEMBC EDN Embedded Microprocessor Benchmark Consortium EFS Encrypting File System EGA Extended Color Graphics Array EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter EHCI Enhanced Host Controller Interface EHLLAPI extended high level language application programming interface EIDE Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics EIO Extended I/O EISA extended industry standard architecture ELF Extended Link Format EM electronic mail EMB Extended Memory Block EMC electro magnetic compatibility EMF Extended metafile EMM Entitlement Management Messages ENIAC Electronic Numerical integrator And Calculator EOF end of file EPIC Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPP Enhanced Parallel Port E-R entity-relationship ERC electrical rule checking ERP Error Recovery Procedure ES expert system ESA extended service area ESA Enterprise Systems Architecture ESC/P Epson Standard Code for Printer ESCD Extended System Configuration Data ESCON enterprise systems connection ESDI enhanced small device interface ESIOP environment-specific inter-ORB protocol ESS extended service set ETK Embedded Toolkit EUC Extended UNIX Code EUC end-user computing EUI-64 Extended Unique Identifier EVC Enhanced Video Connector EWS engineering workstation ExCA Exchangeable Card Architecture FACS Firmware ACPI Control Structure FAPI Fingerprint Aware Application Program Interface FAT file allocation table FBAPI Fingerprint Basic Aware Application Program Interface FCA Fibre Channel Association FC-AL Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop FCB file control block FC-EP Fibre Channel Extended Physical FCP Fibre Channel Protocol FCP function control protocol FC-PH Fibre Channel Physical FCS frame check sequence FCSI Fibre Channel Systems Initiative FD floppy disc FDC Floppy Disk Drive Controller FDD floppy disc drive FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDIV Floating (point) Divide FDL Facility Data Link FDO Functional Device Object FE Framing Error FEAPI Fingerprint Extended Aware Application Program Interface FFOL FDDI Follow on LAN FHN Fiber HUB Node FiDO Filter Device Object FIM Function Component Interface Module FIQ Fast Interrupt reQuest FLP fast link pulse FMV Full Motion Video FMV fair market value FNA Fujitsu Network Architecture FNO Foreign Namespace Object FoIP FAX over Internet Protocol FORTRAN formula translator FP function point FPA function point analysis FPU floating-point processing unit FR frame relay FRS File Replication Service FSB Front Side Bus FSD File System Driver FSF free software foundation FSRTL File System Run Time Library FTAM File Transfer, Access and Management FTC fault tolerant computer FTP File Transfer Protocol FTS fault tolerant system FTTB fiber to the building FTTC fiber to the curb GART Graphic Address Re-mapping Table GCP Global Computation Platform GDA Global Document Annotation GDI Graphical Device Interface GDT Global Descriptor Table GFC Generic Flow Control GIDEI General Input Device Emulation Interface GIF Graphics Interchange Format GINA Graphical Identification and Authentication GKS Graphical Kernel System GMR giant magnetoresistive GNU general public license GNU GNU's Not Unix, "guh-NEW" GPC Graphics Performance Characterization GPIB general purpose interface bus GPIO General Purpose I/O GPL GNU Public License GSS-API Generic Security Service Application Program Interface GTF Generalized Timing Formula GVIF Gigabit Video Interface H/W hardware HA home automation HAA Hitachi Application Architecture HAMR Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording HCI Host controller Interface HCL Hardware Compatibility List HDA head disk assembly HDC hard disk controller HDCG high definition computer graphics HDD hard disk drive HDL hardware description language HDLC High Level Data Link Control procedures HDT Host Digital Terminal HEC Header Error Control HEL hardware emulator layer HFS hierarchical file system HID Human Interface Device HIPPI high performance parallel interface HLLAPI high-level language application programming interface HMA high memory area HMI Human Machine Interface HPC high performance computation HPCCI High-performance Computing and Communications Initiative HPF High Performance Fortran HPFS High Performance File System HRTF Head Related Transfer Function HSFS High-Sierra File System HSM Hierarchical Storage Management HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface HSTP High Speed Transport Protocol HTPC Home Theater Personal Computers I2O Intelligent Input/Output IA-PC Intel Architecture Personal Computer IBIS I/O buffer information specification ICC integrated communication controller ICCCM Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual ICM Image Color Management ICM Image Compression Manager ICU ISA Configuration Utility IDAPI Integrated Database API IDE integrated device electronics IDL Interface Definition Language IDM Interleaved Device Mode IDT Internet Development Toolbox IDT Interrupt Dispatch Table IE Internet Explorer IF Implements Forum IFC internet foundation class IFS ICOT Free Software IFS instable file system IFSMGR Instable File System Manager IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification IHV independent hardware vendor IME Input Method Editor IN intelligent network Indeo Intel Video Technology INN InterNetNews IOOM the Ithaca Object-Oriented Methodology IOS I/O Supervisor IP interface protocol IPC interprocess communication IPD Integrated Program Decoder IPI Intelligent Peripheral Interface IPL Initial Program Load IrLAP infrared link access protocol IrLMP infrared link management protocol IrMC Infrared Mobile Communications IrOBEX Infrared Object Exchange Protocol IRP I/O Request Packet IRQ interrupt request IrTA infrared terminal adapter IrTran-P Infrared Transfer Picture IrWW Infrared Wrist Watch ISA Industry Standard Architecture ISAPI information server API iSCSI Internet SCSI (SCSI over TCP/IP) ISIS Image and Scanner Interface Specification IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System Infra Domain Routing Exchange Protocol ISM Interface Subscriber Module ISO/OSI International Standards Organization Open System Interconnection ISR Interrupt Service Routine IST interrupt service thread ISV independent software vendor IT information technology ITRON Industrial TRON(The Realtime Operating system Nucleus) IVD LAN integrated voice and data LAN IVV Independent Verification & Validation IX internet exchange IXC Inter Exchange Carrier JAIN Integrated Network APIs for the Java Platform JAM Java administration server JAR Java archive Java VM Java Virtual Machine JCL job control language JCP Java Community Process JFC Java Foundation Classes JIT Just-In-Time JLE Japanese Language Environment JNI Java Native Method Interface JOIS JICST On-line Information System KBM knowledge based machine KCC Knowledge Consistency Checker KDD Knowledge Discovery in Databases KDT keyboard definition table KPA key process area KPS key predistribution system LA laboratory automation LAN local area network LAPM Link Access Protocol, Modem LBA logical block address LBP laser beam printer LCC levelized compiled code LCF Link Control Facility LDAP lightweight directory access protocol LDI LVDS Display Interface LEC LAN emulation clients LECS LAN emulation configuration server LES LAN emulator server LFN long file name LIM Lotus-Intel-Microsoft LIP Loop Initialization Primitive LP laser printer LPC Low Pin Count LPE layout parameter extraction lpi line per inch LPT line printer LSSD level sensitive scan design LSTF least slack time first LU Logical Unit LUN logical unit number LVE Live Video Extensions LVM logical volume manager MA message area MAC media access control MADK Microsoft ActiveX Development Kit MAOS multi application operating system MAPI Messaging Application Programming Interface MAS multiple-address space MBONE multicast backbone MCA multi-channel access MCA Micro Channel Architecture MCD Mini Client Driver MCGA Multi Color Graphics Array MCI Media Control Interface MCI Multimedia Control Interface MCT Modem Compatibility Test MCU multipoint connection unit MDD multi-valued decision diagram MDI Multiple Document Interface MDK Modem Developers Kit MDL memory descriptor list MESN Media Event Status Notification MF more fragments (bit) MF media flexible MFP multi-function peripheral MFT master file table MHS message handling system MI Management Interface MIA Multivendor Integrated Architecture MIDI musical instrument digital interface MIDP Mobile Information Device Profiles MIF Management Information File MIF management information format MII media independent interface MIMD multiple instruction stream multiple data stream MIPS million instructions per second MIS management information system MMC Microsoft Management Console MMHID Multimedia Human Input Device MMIO memory-mapped I/O MMU memory management unit MMX multimedia extension MNLS Multi National Language Support MNP Microcom Networking Protocol MOD movie on demand MOF Management Object Format MOLAP multi-dimensional online analytical processing MOM message oriented middleware MOOD Methodology for Object Oriented Design MP/M multi-programming monitor MPC Multimedia Personal Computer MPDU MAC Protocol Data Unit MPI Message Passing Interface MPIC Multiprocessor Interrupt Controller MPPE Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption MPS MultiProcessor Specification MR Mixed Reality MRCI Microsoft Real-time Compression Interface MSCDEX Microsoft CD-ROM Extensions MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server MSDL Microsoft Download Library MSDN Microsoft Developer Network MS-DOS Microsoft disk operating system MSDU MAC Service Data Unit MSEN Media Status Event Notification MSMQ Microsoft Message Queue Server MSO multiple system operator MTD Memory Technology Driver MTE Message Transfer Element MTF Microsoft Tape Format MTS Microsoft Transaction Server MTU maximum transmission unit MTU Maximum Transfer Unit MUD Master User Domain MUI multimedia user interface MULTOS multiapplication operating system MVEX Minimal Video Extension to X MVS Multiple Virtual Storage MVS/ESA MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture NABTS North American Basic Teletext System NAPLPS North American Presentation-Level-Protocol Syntax NBDD NetBIOS datagram distribution server NBNS NetBIOS name server NC naming context NC Network Computer NCB network control block NCP Netware Core Protocol NCRP Network Computer Reference Specification NCS Network Computing System NCSS non-comment source statements NCU network control unit NDD Norton Disk Doctor NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification NDPS network distributed print system NDS Netware Directory Service NDS Novell Directory Service NEEDS Nikkei Economic Electronic Databank System Net PC network personal computer NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface NETBIOS Network Basic Input/Outputs System NFS network file system NGIO Next Generation Input/Output NIC network interface card NIT Network Information Table NIU Network Interface Unit NLM NetWare loadable module NLS national language support NNI network node interface NOD News on Demand NOI Notice Inquiry NOS Network Operating System NPI Network provider Interface NPR Notice of Proposed Rulemaking NREN National Research and Education Network nrt non-real-time NSP native signal processing NT New Technology NT Network Termination NTDS Windows NT Directory Service NTFS NT File System NTLM Windows NT LAN Manager NTP Network Time Protocol NTS/E Windows NT Server, Enterprise Edition NVOD Near Video on Demand OADG Open Architecture Developing Group OAK OEM Adoption Kit OAM operation and maintenance OCMP Open Computing environment for MIPS Platform OCN Open Computer Network OCX OLE Custom control ODA Open Document Architecture ODAPI Open Database Application Programming Interface ODB object-oriented database ODBC Open Database Connectivity ODBMS object(-oriented) database management system ODI Open Datalink Interface ODS operational data store ODSI Open Directory Services Interface OEX OLE System Control OFS Object File System OGI Open Graphics Initiative OHCI Open Host Controller Interface OID Object ID OLAP on-line analytical processing OLCP on-line complex processing OLE Object Linking & Embedding OLTP on-line transaction processing OMA Object Management Architecture OMAP Open Multimedia Application Platform OMG-IDL Object Management Group Interface Definition Language OMG-UNO Object Management Group Universal Networked Objects OMT Object Modeling Technique ONC Open Network Computing ONP open network provision ONU optical network unit OOA object-oriented analysis OOAD object-oriented analysis and design OOD object-oriented design OODB object-oriented database OOP object-oriented programming OOPS object-oriented programming system OOPSLA Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Application OpenHCI Open Host Controller Interface OPK OEM preinstallation kit OQL object query language OR operations research ORB Operation Request Block ORB Object Request Broker ORDB Object-Relational Database OS operating system OSA Open Scripting Architecture OSF Open Software Foundation OSI Open System Interface OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSPM OS-directed Power Management OSR OEM service release OTG on the go OTS Object Transaction Service OVI Open Verilog International PA Precision Architecture PABX private automatic branch exchange PAC Privilege attribute Certificate PAD Program associated data PAD packet assembler/disassembler PAD Problem Analysis Diagram PARCOR partial auto correlation PA-RISC Precision Architecture-RISC PAS Pre-Boot Authentication Service PC personal computer PC packet classifier PC-DOS Personal Computer-Disk Operating System PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect PCI PM PCI Bus Power Management Specification PCIC PC Card I/O Cards PCP Printer Control Protocol PCS physical coding sublayer PCT Private Communication Technology PCTE portable common tool environment PDA personal digital assistants PDC primary domain controller PDC Program Delivery Control PDC professional developers conference PDEF physical design exchange format PDF Portable Document File PDK Peripheral Developers Kit PDL Process Design Language PDL page description language PDM product data management system PDM Primary Defect Map PDO physical device object PDQ parallel data query PDS public domain software PEX PHIGS Extension to X PFS Product Functional Specification PGP pretty good privacy PHIGS Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System PIAM Platform Independent Application Model PIC Personal Intelligent Communicator PIC Programmable Interrupt Controller PICS Platform for internet Content Selection PID Program ID PID packet identification PIF program information file PIM Parallel Inference Machine PIO programmed input/output PIP P Internet Protocol PIT Programmable Interrupt Timer PKT Partition Knowledge Table PL/1 Programming Language one PLB Picture Level Benchmark PLDA Private Loop Direct Attach PLI programming language interface PMA physical medium attachment PMC PCI Mezzanine Card PMD physical medium dependent PMD physical media dependent sublayer PME Power Management Event PML Physical Markup Language PNG Portable Network Graphics POI point of interface POP point of presence POP post office protocol POPS peta operations per second POSIX portable operating system interface POST power-on self-test POWER Performance Optimization with Enhanced RISC pp program parallelism ppm pages per minute PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPTP point-to point tunneling protocol PRM Performance Report Message PS/2 personal system/2 PS2 Play Station 2 PSS Product Support Services PSW Program Status Word PVC permanent virtual circuit PVM Parallel Virtual Machine PVP Packet Video Protocol QBE query by example QCELP Qualcomm code excited linear prediction QCIF quarter common intermediate format QIC Quarter-inch Cartridge QRSL Quad Rambus Signal Level QTVR QuickTime VR QVGA quarter video graphic array RAD rapid application development RAID Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks RAW read and write RDA remote database access RDB relational database RDBMS relational database management system RDN Relative distinguished Name RFID Radio Frequency Identification RFT:DCA Revisable From Text : Document Content Architecture RID Relative ID RIFF Resource Interchange File Format RIMM Rambus Inline Memory Module RIPL Remote Initial Program Load RISC reduced instruction set computer RLC Run Length Coding RMI remote method invocation RNI Raw Native Interface ROLAP Relational online analytical processing RPC remote procedure call RPE-LTP Regular Pulse Excitation-Long Term Predictive cording RPG Report Program Generator RSL Rambus Signal Level RSX Intel Realistic Sound eXperience RT remote terminal RT Real-Time RTC real-time clock RTF Rich Text Format RTK real time kinematic RTOS Real Time Operating System RTS Request To Send RWS Remote Winsock S/PDIF Sony Philips Digital Interface S/W software SA Structured Analysis SAA Systems Application Architecture SACCH slow associated control channel SAF synthetic antiferromagnet SALT Speech Application Language Tag SAM SCSI-3 Architecture Model SAP secondary audio programming SAR segmentation and reassembly SASI Shugart Associates System Interface SBC surrounded by complement SBC SCSI-3 Block Commands SBE software behavior estimation SBP Serial Bus Protocol SBS Smart Battery Specification SBS Smart Battery Systems SC Structured Chart SCA single connector attachment for SCSI Disk Drives SCAM SCSI Configured Automatically SCD SPARC Compliance Definition SCI scaleable coherent interface SCID Service Channel ID SCM Software Configuration Management SCP Source Compatibility Package SCP Service Control Point SCSI small computer system interface SCSIFCP SCSI Fibre Channel Protocol SCSL Sun Community Source License SCT Software Compatibility Test SD Structured Design SD shared disk SDAS System Development Architecture & Support facilities SDE Software Development Engineer SDH synchronous digital hierarchy SDK software developer's kit SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control SDP session description protocol SDR Sustained Data Rate SDU Service Data Unit SE system engineer SE shared everything SECC Single Edge Contact Cartridge SECE secure electronic commerce environment SES solution exchange standard SETP Stream Environment Transport Protocol SFF Small Form Factor SFN single frequency network SFS stick-on free slider SFS Shared File System SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language SI Service Information SI system integration SID Subsystem ID SIE Serial Interface Engine SIMD single instruction stream-multiple data stream SIPC Simply Interactive Personal Computer SIR serial infrared interface SIS strategic information system SLCP Software Life-Cycle Processes SLIC subscriber line interface circuit SLIP Serial Line IP S.M.A.R.T. Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology SMB server message block SMBus System Management Bus SMDL Standard Music Description Language SMI system management interrupt SMM system management mode SMS system management server SNA Systems Network Architecture SNA Software Network Architecture SOF start of frame SPA Software Process Assessments SPARC Scalable Processor Architecture SPDL Standard Page Description Language SPEF Standard Parasitic Exchange Format SPF standard parasitic format SPI Serial Peripheral Interface SPICE Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis SPID Service Profile Identifier SPMD single program multiple data stream SPS Shock Protection System SPSR Stored Program Status Register SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange SQL structured query language SRB Stream Request block SRC sample rate converter SRC sampling rate change SSA Serial Storage Architecture SSADM Structured Systems and Design Method SSC Smart Signal Conditioning SSDP Simple Service Discovery Protocol SSI single system image SSL Secure Socket Layer SSP serial storage protocol SSPI Security Support Provider Interface SSTF shortest seek time first SSTV slow scan television STD State Transition Diagram STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product STI Still Image architecture STT Secure Transaction Technology SVC switched virtual connection SVG Scalable Vector Graphics SVGA super video graphics array SVID System Vendor Interface Definition (IDentification) SXGA super extended graphic array SXVGA super extended video graphics array TAPI Telephony application programming interface TBI Ten Bit Interface TCL Tool command Language TD-CDMA time division-code division multiple access TDE telephone data entry TDI Transport Driver Interface TE terminal equipment TFTP trivial file transfer protocol TIFF Tagged Image File Format TLD Top Level Domain TLI Transport Level Interface for UNIX TM transaction manager TMDS Transition Minimized Differential Signaling TMF transaction monitoring facility TOC table of contents TREC Texture and Rendering Engine Compression TRON The Realtime Operating system Nucleus TSD type-specific driver TSR terminate-and-stay-resident TSS time sharing system TWAIN Technology Without Any Interested Name TwinVQ transform domain weighted interleave vector quantization TXD Transmission Data UAS User Account System UBR unspecified bit rate UCT Universal Coordinate Time UDL/I unified design language of integrated circuit UDP User Datagram Protocol UFS UNIX file system UHCI Universal Host Controller Interface UI UNIX International UI User Interface UI Unit Interval UIMS user interface management system ULP upper layer protocol UML unified modeling language U-N User to Network primitive UNC Universal Naming Convention UNI user network interface UP Uniprocessor UPC Usage Parameter Control UPF Uni Picture Format URB USB request block URL Uniform Resource Locator USB Universal Serial Bus USN Update Sequence Number UTMI USB2.0 Transceiver Macrocell Interface UTOPIA Universal Test & Operations PHY Interface for ATM U-U User to User primitive UUCP UNIX to UNIX Copy Program UVGA Ultimate VGA (1024 x 768, 60fps) VAFC Vesa Advanced Feature Connector VAN value added network VB Visual Basic VBA Microsoft Visual Basic Programming System Application Edition VBE VESA BIOS Extension VBX Visual Basic Extension VC virtual channel VC virtual circuit VCCI Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines VCDFSD Virtual CD-ROM File System Driver VCI Virtual Channel Identifier VDD Virtual Device Driver VDD Version Description Document VDIF Video display Information Format VDM Virtual DOS Machine VDM Virtual Device Manager VDMA Virtual DMA VDMAD Virtual DMA Device VDO Video Distribution Office VDP video datagram protocol VDS Virtual DMA Services VDT video display terminal/visual display terminal VESA Video Electronics Standard Association VFS virtual file system VFW Video for Windows VGA Video Graphics Array VHDL VHSIC hardware description language VI VHDL International VIP Video Information Provider VISCA Video System Control Architecture VITAL VHDL Initiative toward ASIC Libraries VL-Bus VESA local bus VLM Very Large Memory VM Virtual Machine VM/CMS Virtual Machine / Conversational Monitor System VM/ESA Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture VME versa module European VMS Virtual Memory System VMTP Versatile Message Transaction Protocol VOD video-on-demand VP virtual path VPE Video Port Extension VPI virtual path identifier VpicD virtual programmable interrupt controller device VRML virtual reality modeling language VSAM virtual storage access method VSD Vendor Specific Driver VUDA VESA Unified Graphic Architecture VUMA VESA Unified Memory Architecture VVIDD VESA Video Interface for Digital Display VxD Virtual Device Driver VXI VMEbus extensions for instrumentation WAIS wide area information server WBMP Wireless Bitmap WBS work breakdown structure WBT Windows-Based Terminal WC write combining WCEfA Windows CE for Automotive WD working draft WDCTRL Western Digital-Compatible Hard Disk Controller WDI Watchdog input WDL Windows Driver Library WDM Win32 Driver Model WDMCSA WDM Connection and Streaming Architecture WHIIG Windows Hardware Instrumentation Implementation Guideline WHQL Windows Hardware Quality Laboratory WIA Windows Image Acquisition WIA Wearable Internet Appliance WIDE Widely Integrated Distributed Environment WIFE Windows Intelligent Font Environment WinHEC Windows Hardware Engineering Conference WINNLS Windows National Language Support WINS Windows Internet Name Service WinSock Windows Sockets 2.0 WIPS whetstone instructions per second WLL wireless local loop WMA Windows Media Audio WMF Windows Meta-File WMI Windows Management Instrumentation WORM write once, read many WOSA Windows Open System Architecture WPS Windows Printing System WRAM Window RAM WRB Web Request Broker WS workstation WSH Windows Scripting Host WSP WinSock Proxy WSS Windows Sound System WWDU Work With Display Units XCOFF eXtended Common Object File Format XDR external data representation XFN X/Open Federated Naming XGA eXtended Graphics Array XHTML eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language XIMP X Window System Input Method Protocol XIP eXecute-in-Place XKP Extended Kanji Processing XMS eXtended Memory Specification XNS Xerox Network System XPC extended processing complex XPG X/Open Portability Guide XTP express Transfer Protocol Y2K Year 2000 ZAK Zero Administration Kit foe Windows NT Workstation ZAW Zero Administration Windows ZIP Zone Improvement Plan ZM zone marker ZTAT Zero Turn Around Time ZVP Zoomed Video Port
0–9
/.—Slashdot 1GL—First-Generation Programming Language 1NF—First Normal Form 10B2—10BASE-2 10B5—10BASE-5 10B-F—10BASE-F 10B-FB—10BASE-FB 10B-FL—10BASE-FL 10B-FP—10BASE-FP 10B-T—10BASE-T 100B-FX—100BASE-FX 100B-T—100BASE-T 100B-TX—100BASE-TX 100BVG—100BASE-VG 286—Intel 80286 processor 2B1Q—2 Binary 1 Quaternary 2GL—Second-Generation Programming Language 2NF—Second Normal Form 3GL—Third-Generation Programming Language 3NF—Third Normal Form 386—Intel 80386 processor 486—Intel 80486 processor 4B5BLF—4 Byte 5 Byte Local Fiber 4GL—Fourth-Generation Programming Language 4NF—Fourth Normal Form 5GL—Fifth-Generation Programming Language 5NF—Fifth Normal Form 6NF—Sixth Normal Form 8B10BLF—8 Byte 10 Byte Local Fiber A
AAT—Average Access Time AA—Anti-Aliasing AAA—Authentication Authorization, Accounting AABB—Axis Aligned Bounding Box AAC—Advanced Audio Coding AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer AALC—ATM Adaptation Layer Connection AARP—AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol ABCL—Actor-Based Concurrent Language ABI—Application Binary Interface ABM—Asynchronous Balanced Mode ABR—Area Border Router ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection ABR—Available Bitrate ABR—Average Bitrate AC—Acoustic Coupler AC—Alternating Current ACD—Automatic Call Distributor ACE—Advanced Computing Environment ACF—Advanced Communications Function ACF NCP—Advanced Communications Function—Network Control Program ACID—Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability ACK—ACKnowledgement ACK—Amsterdam Compiler Kit ACL—Access Control List ACL—Active Current Loop ACM—Association for Computing Machinery ACME—Automated Classification of Medical Entities ACP—Airline Control Program ACPI—Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACR—Allowed Cell Rate ACR—Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio AD—Active Directory AD—Administrative Domain ADC—Analog-to-Digital Converter ADC—Apple Display Connector ADB—Apple Desktop Bus ADCCP—Advanced Data Communications Control Procedures ADO—ActiveX Data Objects ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADT—Abstract Data Type AE—Adaptive Equalizer AES—Advanced Encryption Standard AF—Anisotropic Filtering AFP—Apple Filing Protocol AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port AH—Active Hub AI—Artificial Intelligence AIX—Advanced Interactive eXecutive Ajax—Asynchronous JavaScript and XML AL—Active Link AL—Access List ALAC—Apple Lossless Audio Codec ALGOL—Algorithmic Language ALSA—Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ALM—Application Life-cycle Management ALU—Arithmetic and Logical Unit AM—Active Matrix AM—Access Method AM—Active Monitor AM—Allied Mastercomputer AM—Amplitude Modulation AMD—Advanced Micro Devices AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol AMR—Audio Modem Riser ANN—Artificial Neural Network ANSI—American National Standards Institute ANT—Another Neat Tool AoE—ATA over Ethernet AOP—Aspect-Oriented Programming APCI—Application-Layer Protocol Control Information API—Application Programming Interface APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APIPA—Automatic Private IP Addressing APL—A Programming Language APR—Apache Portable Runtime ARC—Adaptive Replacement Cache ARC—Advanced RISC Computing ARIN—American Registry for Internet Numbers ARM—Advanced RISC Machines AROS—AROS Research Operating System ARP—Address Resolution Protocol ARPA—Address and Routing Parameter Area ARPA—Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency Network AS—Access Server ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASG—Abstract Semantic Graph ASIC—Application-Specific Integrated Circuit ASIMO–Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility ASLR–Address Space Layout Randomization ASM—Algorithmic State Machine ASMP—Asymmetric Multiprocessing ASN.1—Abstract Syntax Notation 1 ASP—Active Server Pages ASP—Application Service Provider ASR—Asynchronous Signal Routine AST—Abstract Syntax Tree ASSP—Application-Specific Standard Product AT—Advanced Technology AT—Access Time AT—Active Terminator ATA—Advanced Technology Attachment ATAG—Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode AVC—Advanced Video Coding AVI—Audio Video Interleaved AWK—Aho Weinberger Kernighan AWT—Abstract Window Toolkit [edit] B
B2B—Business-to-Business B2C—Business-to-Consumer BAL—Basic Assembly Language Bash—Bourne-again shell BASIC—Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BBP—Baseband Processor BBS—Bulletin Board System BCD—Binary Coded Decimal BCNF—Boyce–Codd normal form BEEP—Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol BER—Bit Error Rate BFD—Binary File Descriptor BFS—Breadth-First Search BGP—Border Gateway Protocol BiDi—Bi-Directional bin—binary BINAC—Binary Automatic Computer BIND—Berkeley Internet Name Domain BIOS—Basic Input Output System BJT—Bipolar Junction Transistor bit—binary digit Blob—Binary large object Blog—Web Log BMP—Basic Multilingual Plane BNC—Bayonet Neill-Concelman BOINC—Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing BOM—Byte Order Mark BOOTP—Bootstrap Protocol BPDU—Bridge Protocol Data Unit BPEL—Business Process Execution Language BPL—Broadband over Power Lines bps—bits per second BRR—Business Readiness Rating BSA—Business Software Alliance BSB—Backside Bus BSD—Berkeley Software Distribution BSoD—Blue Screen of Death BSS—Block Started by Symbol BT—BitTorrent BT—Bluetooth BTAM—Basic Telecommunications Access Method BW—Bandwidth [edit] C
CA—Certificate Authority CAD—Computer-Aided Design CAE—Computer-Aided Engineering CAID—Computer-Aided Industrial Design CAI—Computer-Aided Instruction CAM—Computer-Aided Manufacturing CAPTCHA—Completely Automated Public Turing Test to tell Computers and Humans Apart CAT – Computer-Aided Translation CAQ—Computer-Aided Quality Assurance CASE—Computer-Aided Software Engineering cc—C Compiler CD—Compact Disc CDE—Common Desktop Environment CDMA—Code Division Multiple Access CDN—Content Delivery Network CDP—Continuous Data Protection CD-R—CD-Recordable CD-ROM—CD Read-Only Memory CD-RW—CD-Rewritable CDSA—Common Data Security Architecture CERT—Computer Emergency Response Team CES—Consumer Electronics Show CF—Compact Flash CFD—Computational Fluid Dynamics CFG—Context-Free Grammar CFG—Control Flow Graph CG—Computer Graphics CGA—Color Graphics Array CGI—Common Gateway Interface CGI—Computer-Generated Imagery CGT—Computational Graph Theory CHAP—Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol CHS—Cylinder-Head-Sector CIDR—Classless Inter-Domain Routing CIFS—Common Internet Filesystem CIM—Common Information Model CISC—Complex Instruction Set Computer CJK—Chinese, Japanese, and Korean CJKV—Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese CLI—Command Line Interface CLR—Common Language Runtime CM—Configuration Management CM—Content Management CMMI—Capability Maturity Model Integration CMOS—Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor CMS—Content Management System CN—Canonical Name CN—Common Name CNC—Computer Numerical Control CNR—Communications and Networking Riser COBOL—Common Business-Oriented Language COM—Component Object Model CORBA—Common Object Request Broker Architecture COTS—Commercial Off-The-Shelf CPA—Cell Processor Architecture CPA—Converged Packet Access CPAN—Comprehensive Perl Archive Network CP/M—Control Program/Monitor CPRI—Common Public Radio Interface CPS—characters per second CPU—Central Processing Unit CR—Carriage Return CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network CRC—Cyclic Redundancy Check CRLF—Carriage Return Line Feed CRM—Customer Relationship Management CRS—Computer Reservations System CRT—Cathode Ray Tube CRUD—Create, Read, Update and Delete CS—Cable Select CS—Computer Science CSE—Computer Science and Engineering CSI—Common System Interface CSP—Communicating Sequential Processes CSRF—Cross-Site Request Forgery CSS—Cascading Style Sheets CSS—Content-Scrambling System CSS—Closed Source Software CSS—Cross-Site Scripting CSV—Comma-Separated Values CT—Computerized Tomography CTAN—Comprehensive TeX Archive Network CTCP—Client-To-Client Protocol CTI—Computer Telephony Integration CTL—Computational Tree Logic CTM—Close To Metal CTS—Clear To Send CTSS—Compatible Time-Sharing System CUA—Common User Access CVS—Concurrent Versioning System [edit] D
DAC—Digital-To-Analog Converter DAC—Discretionary Access Control DAO—Data Access Objects DAO—Disk-At-Once DAP—Directory Access Protocol DARPA—Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DAT—Digital Audio Tape DB—Database DBA—Database Administrator DBCS—Double Byte Character Set DBMS—Database Management System DCC—Direct Client-to-Client DCCP—Datagram Congestion Control Protocol DCCA—Debian Common Core Alliance DCL—Data Control Language DCMI—Dublin Core Metadata Initiative DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model DD—Double Density DDE—Dynamic Data Exchange DDL—Data Definition Language DDoS—Distributed Denial of Service DDR—Double Data Rate DEC—Digital Equipment Corporation DES—Data Encryption Standard dev—development DFA—Deterministic Finite Automaton DFD—Data Flow Diagram DFS—Depth-First Search DFS—Distributed File System DGD—Dworkin's Game Driver DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHTML—Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language DIF—Data Integrity Field DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module DIN—Deutsches Institut für Normung DIP—Dual In-line Package DIVX—Digital Video Express DKIM—Domain Keys Identified Mail DL—Download DLL—Dynamic Link Library DLNA—Digital Living Network Alliance DLP—Digital Light Processing DMA—Direct Memory Access DMCA—Digital Millennium Copyright Act DMI—Direct Media Interface DML—Data Manipulation Language DML—Definitive Media Library DMML—Definitive Multi Media Library DMR—Dennis M. Ritchie DN—Distinguished Name DND—Drag-and-Drop DNS—Domain Name System DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification DOM—Document Object Model DoS—Denial of Service DOS—Disk Operating System DP—Dot Pitch DPC—Deferred Procedure Call DPI—Deep Packet Inspection DPI—Dots Per Inch DPMI—DOS Protected Mode Interface DPMS—Display Power Management Signaling DRAM—Dynamic Random Access Memory DR-DOS—Digital Research - Disk Operating System DRI—Direct Rendering Infrastructure DRM—Digital Rights Management DRM—Direct Rendering Manager DSDL—Document Schema Definition Languages DSDM—Dynamic Systems Development Method DSL—Digital Subscriber Line DSL—Domain-Specific Language DSLAM—Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DSN—Database Source Name DSN—Data Set Name DSP—Digital Signal Processor DSSSL—Document Style Semantics and Specification Language DTD—Document Type Definition DTE—Data Terminal Equipment DTP—Desktop Publishing DTR—Data Terminal Ready DVD—Digital Versatile Disc DVD—Digital Video Disc DVD-R—DVD-Recordable DVD-ROM—DVD-Read Only Memory DVD-RW—DVD-Rewritable DVI—Digital Visual Interface DVR—Digital Video Recorder [edit] E
EAI—Enterprise Application Integration EAP—Extensible Authentication Protocol EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code EBML—Extensible Binary Meta Language ECC—Elliptic Curve Cryptography ECMA—European Computer Manufacturers Association ECN—Explicit Congestion Notification ECOS—Embedded Configurable Operating System EDA—Electronic Design Automation EDI—Electronic Data Interchange EDO—Extended Data Out EDSAC—Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator EDVAC—Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer EEPROM—Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EFF—Electronic Frontier Foundation EFI—Extensible Firmware Interface EFM—Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation EGA—Enhanced Graphics Array EGP—Exterior Gateway Protocol eID—electronic ID card EIDE—Enhanced IDE EIGRP—Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EISA—Extended Industry Standard Architecture ELF—Extremely Low Frequency ELF—Executable and Linkable Format ELM—ELectronic Mail EMACS—Editor MACroS EMS—Expanded Memory Specification ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer EOF—End of File EOL—End of Life EOL—End of Line EOM—End Of Message EPIC—Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPROM—Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning ESCON—Enterprise Systems Connection ESD—Electrostatic Discharge ETL—Extract, Transform, Load ESR—Eric Steven Raymond EUC—Extended Unix Code EULA—End User License Agreement EXT—EXTended file system [edit] F
FAP—FORTRAN Assembly Program FASM—Flat ASseMbler FAT—File Allocation Table FAQ—Frequently Asked Questions FBDIMM—Fully Buffered Dual Inline Memory Module FC-AL—Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop FCB—File Control Block FCS—Frame Check Sequence FDC—Floppy Disk Controller FDS—Fedora Directory Server FDD—Floppy Disk Drive FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDMA—Frequency-Division Multiple Access FEC—Forward Error Correction FEMB—Front-End Motherboard FET—Field Effect Transistor FHS—Filesystem Hierarchy Standard FICON—FIber CONnectivity FIFO—First In First Out FIPS—Federal Information Processing Standards FL—Function Level FLAC—Free Lossless Audio Codec FLOPS—FLoating-Point Operations Per Second FLOSS—Free/Libre/Open Source Software FOLDOC—Free On-line Dictionary of Computing FOSDEM—Free and Open source Software Developers' European Meeting FOSI—Formatted Output Specification Instance FOSS—Free and Open Source Software FP—Function Programming FPGA—Field Programmable Gate Array FPS—Floating Point Systems FPU—Floating Point Unit FRU—Field Replaceable Unit FS—File System FSB—Front Side Bus FSF—Free Software Foundation FSM—Finite State Machine FTTC—Fiber To The Curb FTTH—Fiber To The Home FTTP—Fiber To The Premises FTP—File Transfer Protocol FQDN—Fully Qualified Domain Name FUD—Fear Uncertainty Doubt FWS—Folding White Space FXP—File eXchange Protocol [edit] G
G11N—Globalization Gas—GNU Assembler Gb—Gigabit GB—Gigabyte GCC—GNU Compiler Collection GCJ—GNU Compiler for Java GCR—Group Code Recording GDB—GNU Debugger GDI—Graphics Device Interface GFDL—GNU Free Documentation License GIF—Graphics Interchange Format GIGO—Garbage In, Garbage Out GIMP—GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search GIS—Geographic Information System GLUT—OpenGL Utility Toolkit GML—Geography Markup Language GNOME—GNU Network Object Model Environment GNU—GNU's Not Unix GOMS—Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules GPASM—GNU PIC ASseMbler GPG—GNU Privacy Guard GPGPU—General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units GPIB—General-Purpose Instrumentation Bus GPL—General Public License GPL—General-Purpose Language GPRS—General Packet Radio Service GPT—GUID Partition Table GPU—Graphics Processing Unit GRUB—Grand Unified Boot-Loader GSM—Global System for Mobile Communications GTK+—GIMP Toolkit GUI—Graphical User Interface GUID—Globally Unique IDentifier GWT—Google Web Toolkit [edit] H
HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer HBA—Host Bus Adapter HCI—Human Computer Interaction HD—High Density HDD—Hard Disk Drive HCL—Hardware Compatibility List HD DVD—High Definition DVD HDL—Hardware Description Language HDMI—High-Definition Multimedia Interface HF—High Frequency HHD—Hybrid Hard Drive HID—Human Interface Device HIG—Human Interface Guidelines HIRD—Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth HLASM—High Level ASseMbler HMA—High Memory Area HP—Hewlett-Packard HPC—High-Performance Computing HPFS—High Performance File System HSM—Hierarchical Storage Management HT—Hyper Threading HTM—Hierarchical Temporal Memory HTML—Hypertext Markup Language HTTP—Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTPd—Hypertext Transport Protocol Daemon HTX—HyperTransport eXpansion HURD—Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons HVD—Holographic Versatile Disc Hz—Hertz [edit] I
I2C—Inter-Integrated Circuit I18N—Internationalization IANA—Internet Assigned Numbers Authority iBCS—Intel Binary Compatibility Standard IBM—International Business Machines IC—Integrated Circuit ICANN—Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICE—In-Circuit Emulator ICE—Intrusion Countermeasure Electronics ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol ICP—Internet Cache Protocol ICT—Information and Communication Technology IDE—Integrated Development Environment IDE—Integrated Drive Electronics IDF—Intermediate Distribution Frame IDL—Interface Definition Language IDS—Intrusion Detection System IE—Internet Explorer IEC—International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IETF—Internet Engineering Task Force IFL—Integrated Facility for Linux IGMP—Internet Group Management Protocol IGRP—Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IHV—Independent Hardware Vendor IIOP—Internet Inter-Orb Protocol IIS—Internet Information Services IL—Intermediate Language IM—Instant Messaging IMAP—Internet Message Access Protocol IME—Input Method Editor INFOSEC—Information Systems Security I/O—Input/Output IP—Intellectual Property IP—Internet Protocol IPC—Inter-Process Communication IPL—Initial Program Load IPO—Inter Procedural Optimization IPP—Internet Printing Protocol IPS—Intrusion Prevention System IPsec—Internet Protocol security IPTV—Internet Protocol Television IPX—Internetwork Packet Exchange IRC—Internet Relay Chat IrDA—Infrared Data Association IRP—I/O Request Packet IRQ—Interrupt Request IS—Information Systems ISA—Industry Standard Architecture ISA—Instruction Set Architecture ISAM—Indexed Sequential Access Method ISC—Internet Storm Center iSCSI—Internet Small Computer System Interface ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network ISO—International Organization for Standardization iSNS—Internet Storage Name Service ISP—Internet Service Provider ISPF—Interactive System Productivity Facility ISR—Interrupt Service Routine ISV—Independent Software Vendor IT—Information Technology ITL—Interval Temporal Logic ITU—International Telecommunication Union [edit] J
J2EE—Java 2 Enterprise Edition J2ME—Java 2 Micro Edition J2SE—Java 2 Standard Edition JAXB—Java Architecture for XML Binding JAX-RPC—Java XML for Remote Procedure Calls JAXP—Java API for XML Processing JBOD—Just a Bunch of Disks JCE — Java Cryptography Extension JCL—Job Control Language JCP—Java Community Process JDBC—Java Database Connectivity JDK—Java Development Kit JES—Job Entry Subsystem JDS—Java Desktop System JFC—Java Foundation Classes JFET—Junction Field-Effect Transistor JFS—IBM Journaling File System JINI—Jini Is Not Initials JIT—Just-In-Time JMX—Java Management Extensions JMS—Java Message Service JNDI—Java Naming and Directory Interface JNI—Java Native Interface JNZ—Jump non-zero JPEG—Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE—Java Runtime Environment JS—JavaScript JSON—JavaScript Object Notation JSP—Jackson Structured Programming JSP—JavaServer Pages JTAG—Joint Test Action Group JUG—Java Users Group JVM—Java Virtual Machine jwz—Jamie Zawinski [edit] K K&R—Kernighan and Ritchie KB—Keyboard Kb—Kilobit KB—Kilobyte KB—Knowledge Base KDE—K Desktop Environment kHz—Kilohertz KM—Knowledge Machine KRL—Knowledge Representation Language KVM—Keyboard, Video, Mouse [edit] L
L10N—Localization L2TP—Layer two Tunneling Protocol LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Perl LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL PHP LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Python LAN—Local Area Network LBA—Logical Block Addressing LCD—Liquid Crystal Display LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LE—Logical Extents LED—Light-Emitting Diode LF—Line Feed LF—Low Frequency LFS—Linux From Scratch LGPL—Lesser General Public License LIB—LIBrary LIF—Low Insertion Force LIFO—Last In First Out LILO—Linux Loader LISP—LISt Processing LKML—Linux Kernel Mailing List LM—Lan Manager LOC—Lines of Code LPC—Lars Pensjö C LPI—Linux Professional Institute LPT — Line Print Terminal LSB—Least Significant Bit LSB—Linux Standard Base LSI—Large-Scale Integration LTL—Linear Temporal Logic LTR—Left-to-Right LUG—Linux User Group LUN—Logical Unit Number LV—Logical Volume LVD—Low Voltage Differential LVM—Logical Volume Management LZW—Lempel-Ziv-Welch [edit] M
MAC—Mandatory Access Control MAC—Media Access Control MAN—Metropolitan Area Network MANET—Mobile Ad-Hoc Network MAPI—Messaging Application Programming Interface Mb—Megabit MB—Megabyte MBCS—Multi Byte Character Set MBR—Master Boot Record MCA—Micro Channel Architecture MCA—Microsoft Certified Architect MCAD—Microsoft Certified Application Developer MCAS—Microsoft Certified Application Specialist MCDBA—Microsoft Certified DataBase Administrator MCDST—Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician MCITP—Microsoft Certified Information Technology Professional MCM—Microsoft Certified Master MCP—Microsoft Certified Professional MCPD—Microsoft Certified Professional Developer MCSA—Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator MCSD—Microsoft Certified Solution Developer MCSE—Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer MCT—Microsoft Certified Trainer MCTS—Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist MDA—Mail Delivery Agent MDA—Model-Driven Architecture MDA—Monochrome Display Adapter MDF—Main Distribution Frame MDI—Multiple Document Interface ME—[Windows] Millennium Edition MF—Medium Frequency MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes MFM—Modified Frequency Modulation MGCP—Media Gateway Control Protocol MHz—Megahertz MIB—Management Information Base MICR—Magnetic Ink Character Recognition MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIMD—Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data MIMO—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output MINIX—MIni-uNIX MIPS—Million Instructions Per Second MIPS—Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages MIS—Management Information Systems MISD—Multiple Instruction, Single Data MIT—Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MMDS—Mortality Medical Data System MMI—Man Machine Interface. MMIO—Memory-Mapped I/O MMORPG—Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game MMU—Memory Management Unit MMX—Multi-Media Extensions MNG—Multiple-image Network Graphics MoBo—Motherboard MOM—Message-Oriented Middleware MOO—MUD Object Oriented MOS—Microsoft Office Specialist MOSFET—Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor MOTD—Message Of The Day MOUS—Microsoft Office User Specialist MPAA—Motion Picture Association of America MPEG—Motion Pictures Experts Group MPL—Mozilla Public License MPLS—Multiprotocol Label Switching MPU—Microprocessor Unit MS—Memory Stick MS—Microsoft MSB—Most Significant Bit MS-DOS—Microsoft DOS MT—Machine Translation MTA—Mail Transfer Agent MTA—Microsoft Technology Associate MTBF—Mean Time Between Failures MTU—Maximum Transmission Unit MSA—Mail Submission Agent MSDN—Microsoft Developer Network MSI—Medium-Scale Integration MSI—Microsoft Installer MUA—Mail User Agent MUD—Multi-User Dungeon MVC—Model-View-Controller MVP—Most Valuable Professional MVS—Multiple Virtual Storage MX—Mail exchange MXF—Material Exchange Format [edit] N
NACK—Negative ACKnowledgement NAK—Negative AcKnowledge Character NaN—Not a Number NAS—Network-Attached Storage NASM—Netwide ASseMbler NAT—Network Address Translation NCP—NetWare Core Protocol NCQ—Native Command Queuing NCSA—National Center for Supercomputing Applications NDPS—Novell Distributed Print Services NDS—Novell Directory Services NEP—Network Equipment Provider NetBIOS—Network Basic Input/Output System NEXT—Near-End CrossTalk NFA—Nondeterministic Finite Automaton NFS—Network File System NGL—aNGeL NGSCB—Next-Generation Secure Computing Base NI—National Instruments NIC—Network Interface Controller NIM—No Internal Message NIO—New I/O NIST—National Institute of Standards and Technology NLP—Natural Language Processing NLS—Native Language Support NP—Nondeterministic Polynomial time NPL—Netscape Public License NPU—Network Processing Unit NS—Netscape NSA—National Security Agency NSPR—Netscape Portable Runtime NMI—Non-Maskable Interrupt NNTP—Network News Transfer Protocol NOC—Network Operations Center NOP—No OPeration NOS—Network Operating System NPTL—Native POSIX Thread Library NSS—Novell Storage Service NSS—Network Security Services NSS—Name Service Switch NT—New Technology NTFS—NT Filesystem NTLM—NT Lan Manager NTP—Network Time Protocol NUMA—Non-Uniform Memory Access NURBS—Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline NVR—Network Video Recorder NVRAM—Non-Volatile Random Access Memory [edit] O
OASIS—Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards OAT—Operational Acceptance Testing OBSAI—Open Base Station Architecture Initiative ODBC—Open DataBase Connectivity OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer OES—Open Enterprise Server OFTC—Open and Free Technology Community OLAP—Online Analytical Processing OLE—Object Linking and Embedding OLED—Organic Light Emitting Diode OLPC—One Laptop per Child OLTP—Online Transaction Processing OMF—Object Module Format OMG—Object Management Group OO—Object-Oriented OO—OpenOffice.org OOE—Out-of-Order Execution OOM—Out Of Memory OOo—OpenOffice.org OoOE—Out-of-Order Execution OOP—Object-Oriented Programming OOTB—Out of the box OPML—Outline Processor Markup Language ORB—Object Request Broker ORM—Oject-Relational Mapping OS—Open Source OS—Operating System OSCON—O'Reilly Open Source CONvention OSDN—Open Source Developer Network OSI—Open Source Initiative OSI—Open Systems Interconnection OSPF—Open Shortest Path First OSS—Open Sound System OSS—Open-Source Software OSS—Operations Support System OSTG—Open Source Technology Group OUI—Organizationally Unique Identifier [edit] P
P2P—Peer-To-Peer PAC—Programmable Automation Controller PAN—Personal Area Network PAP—Password Authentication Protocol PARC—Palo Alto Research Center PATA—Parallel ATA PC—Personal Computer PCB—Printed Circuit Board PCB—Process Control Block PC DOS—Personal Computer Disk Operating System PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect PCIe—PCI Express PCL—Printer Command Language PCMCIA—Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCM—Pulse-Code Modulation PCRE—Perl Compatible Regular Expressions PD—Public Domain PDA—Personal Digital Assistant PDF—Portable Document Format PDP—Programmed Data Processor PE—Physical Extents PEBKAC—Problem Exists Between Keyboard And Chair PERL—Practical Extraction and Reporting Language PGA—Pin Grid Array PGO—Profile-Guided Optimization PGP—Pretty Good Privacy PHP—PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PIC—Peripheral Interface Controller PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller PID—Proportional-Integral-Derivative PID—Process ID PIM—Personal Information Manager PINE—Program for Internet News and Email PIO—Programmed Input/Output PKCS—Public Key Cryptography Standards PKI—Public Key Infrastructure PLC—Power Line Communication PLC—Programmable Logic Controller PLD—Programmable Logic Device PL/I—Programming Language One PL/M—Programming Language for Microcomputers PL/P—Programming Language for Prime PLT—Power Line Telecoms PMM—POST Memory Manager PNG—Portable Network Graphics PnP—Plug-and-Play PoE—Power over Ethernet POID—Persistent Object Identifier POP—Point of Presence POP3—Post Office Protocol v3 POSIX—Portable Operating System Interface POST—Power-On Self Test PPC—PowerPC PPI—Pixels Per Inch PPP—Point-to-Point Protocol PPPoA—PPP over ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) PPPoE—PPP over Ethernet PPTP—Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PRM—Partner Relationship Management PS—PostScript PSA—Professional Services Automation PS/2—Personal System/2 PSU—Power Supply Unit PSVI—Post-Schema-Validation Infoset PTS-DOS—PhysTechSoft - Disk Operating System PV—Physical Volume PVG—Physical Volume Group PVR—Personal Video Recorder PXE—Preboot Execution Environment PXI—PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation [edit] Q
QDR—Quad Data Rate QA—Quality Assurance QFP—Quad Flat Package QoS—Quality of Service QOTD—Quote of the Day Qt—Quasar Toolkit QTAM—Queued Teleprocessing Access Method [edit] R
RACF—Resource Access Control Facility RAD—Rapid Application Development RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAID—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes RAM—Random Access Memory RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RAS—Reliability, Availability and Serviceability RAS—Remote Access Service RRAS Routing and Remote Access Service RC—Region Code RC—Release Candidate RC—Run Commands RCS—Revision Control System RDBMS—Relational DataBase Management System RDF—Resource Description Framework RDM—Relational Data Model RDOS—Real-time Disk Operating System RDS—Remote Data Services REFAL—REcursive Functions Algorithmic Language REST—Representational State Transfer regex—Regular Expression regexp—Regular Expression REMB—Read-Out MotherBoard RF—Radio Frequency RFC—Request For Comments RFI—Radio Frequency Interference RFID—Radio Frequency Identification RGB—Red, Green, Blue RGBA—Red, Green, Blue, Alpha RHL—Red Hat Linux RHEL—Red Hat Enterprise Linux RIA—Rich Internet Application RIAA—Recording Industry Association of America RIP—Raster Image Processor RIP—Routing Information Protocol RIR—Regional Internet registry RISC—Reduced Instruction Set Computer RISC OS—Reduced Instruction Set Computer Operating System RLE—Run-Length Encoding RLL—Run-Length Limited RMI—Remote Method Invocation RMS—Richard Matthew Stallman ROM—Read Only Memory ROMB—Raid On MotherBoard ROM-DOS—Read Only Memory - Disk Operating System RPC—Remote Procedure Call RPG—Report Program Generator RPM—RPM Package Manager RSA—Rivest Shamir Adleman RSI—Repetitive Strain Injury RSS—Radio Service Software RSS—Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, or Really Simple Syndication RTAI—Real-Time Application Interface RTC—Real-Time Clock RTE—Real-Time Enterprise RTEMS—Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems RTL—Right-to-Left RTOS—Real-Time Operating System RTP—Real-time Transport Protocol RTS—Ready To Send RTSP—Real Time Streaming Protocol [edit] S
SaaS—Software as a Service SAN—Storage Area Network SATA—Serial ATA SAX—Simple API for XML SBOD—Spinning Beachball of Death SBP-2—Serial Bus Protocol 2 sbin—superuser binary SBU—Standard Build Unit SCADA—Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCID—Source Code in Database SCM—Software Configuration Management SCM—Source Code Management SCP—Secure Copy SCPI—Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation SCSI—Small Computer System Interface SCTP—Stream Control Transmission Protocol SD—Secure Digital SDDL—Security Descriptor Definition Language SDI—Single Document Interface SDIO—Secure Digital Input Output SDK—Software Development Kit SDL—Simple DirectMedia Layer SDN—Service Delivery Network SDP—Session Description Protocol SDR—Software-Defined Radio SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory SDSL—Symmetric DSL SE—Single Ended SEAL—Semantics-directed Environment Adaptation Language SEI—Software Engineering Institute SEO—Search Engine Optimization SFTP—Secure FTP SFTP—Simple File Transfer Protocol SFTP—SSH File Transfer Protocol SGI—Silicon Graphics, Incorporated SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language SHA—Secure Hash Algorithm SHDSL—Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line SIGCAT—Special Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications and Technology SIGGRAPH—Special Interest Group on Graphics SIMD—Single Instruction, Multiple Data SIMM—Single Inline Memory Module SIP—Session Initiation Protocol SIP—Supplementary Ideographic Plane SISD—Single Instruction, Single Data SISO - Single-Input and Single-Output SLED—SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop SLES—SUSE Linux Enterprise Server SLI—Scalable Link Interface SLIP—Serial Line Internet Protocol SLM—Service Level Management SLOC—Source Lines of Code SPMD—Single Program, Multiple Data SMA—SubMiniature version A SMB—Server Message Block SMBIOS—System Management BIOS SMIL—Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language S/MIME—Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions SMP—Supplementary Multilingual Plane SMP—Symmetric Multi-Processing SMS—Short Message Service SMS—System Management Server SMT—Simultaneous Multithreading SMTP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNA—Systems Network Architecture SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol SOA—Service-Oriented Architecture SOE—Standard Operating Environment SOAP—Simple Object Access Protocol SoC—System-on-a-Chip SO-DIMM—Small Outline DIMM SOHO—Small Office/Home Office SOI—Silicon On Insulator SP—Service Pack SPA—Single Page Application SPF—Sender Policy Framework SPI—Serial Peripheral Interface SPI—Stateful Packet Inspection SPARC—Scalable Processor Architecture SQL—Structured Query Language SRAM—Static Random Access Memory SSD—Software Specification Document SSD—Solid-State Drive SSE—Streaming SIMD Extensions SSH—Secure Shell SSI—Server Side Includes SSI—Single-System Image SSI—Small-Scale Integration SSID—Service Set Identifier SSL—Secure Socket Layer SSP—Supplementary Special-purpose Plane SSSE—Supplementary Streaming SIMD Extensions su—superuser SUS—Single UNIX Specification SUSE—Software und System-Entwicklung SVC—Scalable Video Coding SVG—Scalable Vector Graphics SVGA—Super Video Graphics Array SVD—Structured VLSI Design SWF—Shock Wave Flash SWT—Standard Widget Toolkit Sysop—System operator [edit] T
TAO—Track-At-Once TASM—Turbo Assembler TB—Tera-Byte Tcl—Tool Command Language TCP—Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TCU—Telecommunication Control Unit TDMA—Time Division Multiple Access TFT—Thin Film Transistor TI—Texas Instruments TLA—Three-Letter Acronym TLD—Top-Level Domain TLS—Thread-Local Storage TLS—Transport Layer Security tmp—temporary TNC—Terminal Node Controller TNC—Threaded Neill-Concelman connector TPF—Transaction Processing Facility TROFF—Trace Off TRON—Trace On TRON—The Real-time Operating system Nucleus TRS-DOS—Tandy Radio Shack - Disk Operating System TSO—Time Sharing Option TSP—Traveling Salesman Problem TSR—Terminate and Stay Resident TTA—True Tap Audio TTF—TrueType Font TTL—Transistor-Transistor Logic TTL—Time To Live TTS—Text-to-Speech TTY—Teletype TUCOWS—The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software TUG—TeX Users Group TWAIN—Technology Without An Interesting Name [edit] U
UAAG—User Agent Accessibility Guidelines UAC—User Account Control UART—Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter UAT—User Acceptance Testing UCS—Universal Character Set UDDI—Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration UDMA—Ultra DMA UDP—User Datagram Protocol UEFI—Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UHF—Ultra High Frequency UI—User Interface UL—Upload ULA—Uncommitted Logic Array UMA—Upper Memory Area UMB—Upper Memory Block UML—Unified Modeling Language UML—User-Mode Linux UMPC—Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer UNC—Universal Naming Convention UPS—Uninterruptible Power Supply URI—Uniform Resource Identifier URL—Uniform Resource Locator URN—Uniform Resource Name USB—Universal Serial Bus usr—user USR—U.S. Robotics UTC—Coordinated Universal Time UTF—Unicode Transformation Format UTP—Unshielded Twisted Pair UUCP—Unix to Unix Copy UUID—Universally Unique Identifier UUN—Universal User Name UVC—Universal Virtual Computer UX—User Experience [edit] V
var—variable VAX—Virtual Address eXtension VCPI—Virtual Control Program Interface VR—Virtual Reality VRML—Virtual Reality Modeling Language VB—Visual Basic VBA—Visual Basic for Applications VBS—Visual Basic Script VDSL—Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line VESA—Video Electronics Standards Association VFAT—Virtual FAT VFS—Virtual File System VG—Volume Group VGA—Video Graphics Array VHF—Very High Frequency VLAN—Virtual Local Area Network VLSM—Variable Length Subnet Mask VLB—Vesa Local Bus VLF—Very Low Frequency VLIW—Very Long Instruction Word VLSI—Very-Large-Scale Integration VM—Virtual Machine VM—Virtual Memory VNC—Virtual Network Computing VOD—Video On Demand VoIP—Voice over Internet Protocol VPN—Virtual Private Network VPU—Visual Processing Unit VSAM—Virtual Storage Access Method VSAT—Very Small Aperture Terminal VT—Video Terminal? VTAM—Virtual Telecommunications Access Method [edit] W
W3C—World Wide Web Consortium WAFS—Wide Area File Services WAI—Web Accessibility Initiative WAIS—Wide Area Information Server WAN—Wide Area Network WAP—Wireless Access Point WAP—Wireless Application Protocol WASM—Watcom ASseMbler WBEM—Web-Based Enterprise Management WCAG—Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCF—Windows Communication Foundation WDM—Wavelength-Division Multiplexing WebDAV—WWW Distributed Authoring and Versioning WEP—Wired Equivalent Privacy WFI—Wait For Interrupt Wi-Fi—Wireless Fidelity WiMAX—Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WinFS—Windows Future Storage WINS—Windows Internet Name Service WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network WMA—Windows Media Audio WMV—Windows Media Video WOL—Wake-on-LAN WOM—Wake-on-Modem WOR—Wake-on-Ring WPA—Wi-Fi Protected Access WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network WPF—Windows Presentation Foundation WSDL—Web Services Description Language WSFL—Web Services Flow Language WUSB—Wireless Universal Serial Bus WWAN—Wireless Wide Area Network WWID—World Wide Identifier WWN—World Wide Name WWW—World Wide Web WYSIWYG—What You See Is What You Get WZC—Wireless Zero Configuration [edit] X
XAG—XML Accessibility Guidelines XAML—eXtensible Application Markup Language XDM—X Window Display Manager XDMCP—X Display Manager Control Protocol XCBL—XML Common Business Library XHTML—eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language XILP—X Interactive ListProc XML—eXtensible Markup Language XMMS—X Multimedia System XMPP—eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol XMS—Extended Memory Specification XNS—Xerox Network Systems XP—Cross-Platform XP—Extreme Programming XPCOM—Cross Platform Component Object Model XPI—XPInstall XPIDL—Cross-Platform IDL XSD—XML Schema Definition XSL—eXtensible Stylesheet Language XSL-FO—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects XSLT—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations XSS—Cross-Site Scripting XTF—eXtensible Tag Framework XTF—eXtended Triton Format XUL—XML User Interface Language [edit] Y
Y2K—Year Two Thousand YAAF—Yet Another Application Framework YACC—Yet Another Compiler Compiler YAML—YAML Ain't Markup Language YaST—Yet another Setup Tool [edit] Z
ZCAV—Zone Constant Angular Velocity ZCS—Zero Code Suppression ZIF—Zero Insertion Force ZIFS—Zero Insertion Force Socket ZISC—Zero Instruction Set Computer ZOPE—Z Object Publishing Environment ZMA—Zone Multicast Address ZPL—Z-level Programming Language
--- A --- ACPI - Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACR - Advanced Communications Riser ADC - Analog to Digital Converter ADPCM - Adaptive Differential Pulse-Code Modulation ADSL - Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port ALI - Acer Labs, Incorporated ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit AM - Active Matrix AMD - Advanced Micro Devices AMR - Audio Modem Riser ANSI - American National Standards Institute APM - Advanced Power Management ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASIC - Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASPI - Advanced SCSI Programming Interface AT - Advanced Technology ATA - Advanced Technology Attachment ATAPI - AT Attachment Packet Interface ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATX - Advanced Technology Extended --- B --- BGA - Ball Grid Array BIOS - Basic Input Output System BIT - Binary Digit BNC - Barrel Nut Connector BNC - Berkeley Nuclear Connector BNC - British Naval Connector BSRAM - Burst Static Random Access Memory --- C --- CAS - Column Address Signal CAV - Constant Angular Velocity CD - Compact Disk CDR - Compact Disk Recorder CDRW - Compact Disk Re-Writer CDTV - Commodore Dynamic Total Vision CD-ROM - Compact Disk - Read Only Memory CFM - Cubic Feet per Minute (ft³/min) CGA - Color Graphics Adapter CISC - Complex Instruction Set Computer CLV - Constant Linear Velocity CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor CMYK - Cyan Magenta Yellow Black COAST - Cache On A Stick CNR - Communication Network Riser CPRM - Copyright Protection for Recordable Media CPU - Central Processing Unit CSU/DSU - Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check CRIMM - Continuity Rambus Inline Memory Module CRT - Cathode Ray Tube --- D --- DAC - Digital-to-Analog Converter DACS - Digital Access and Cross-connect System DAE - Digital Audio Extraction DDC - Display Data Channel DDR - Double Data Rate DDR-SDRAM - Double Data Rate - Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory DEC - Digital Equipment Corporation DIMM - Dual Inline Memory Module DIP - Dual Inline Pin DMA - Direct Memory Access DOCSIS - Data Over Cable Systems Interface Specifications DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory DPI - Dots Per Inch DS/DD - Double Sided, Double Density DS/HD - Double Sided, High Density DSL - Digital Subscriber Line DSP - Digital Signal Processing DSTN - Dual Supertwisted Nematic DUN - Dial Up Networking DVD - Digital Versatile Disc DVD-RAM - Digital Versatile Disk - Random Access Memory --- E --- EBps - Exabytes per second Ebps - Exabits per second ECC - Error Correction Code ECP - Enhanced Capability Port EDO - Extended Data Out EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EGA - Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA - Enhanced Graphics Array EIDE - Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics EIAJ - Electronics Industry Association of Japan EISA - Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture EMI - Electro-Magnetic Interference EMS - Expanded Memory Specification ESDRAM - Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic DRAM EPIC - Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPP - Enhanced Parallel Port ESD- Electro-Static Discharge EWSD - Electronic Worldwide Switch Digital --- F --- FC-PGA - Flip Chip Pin Grid Array FDC - Floppy Disk Controller FDD - Floppy Disk Drive FDDI - Fiber Distributed Data Interconnect FeRAM - Ferroelectric Random Access Memory FIFO - First In First Out FLOPS - Floating Point Operations per Second FMD - Flourescent Multi-layer Disk FMD-ROM - Flourescent Multi-layer Disk - Read Only Memory FPGA - Field-Programmable Gate Array FPM - Fast Page Mode FPS - Frame Per Second FPU - Floating Point Unit FSAA - Full Screen Anti-Aliasing FSB - Front Side Bus FXSR - Fast Save and Restore --- G --- GART - Graphics Address Remapping Table GB - Gigabytes GBps - Gigabytes per second Gbps - Gigabits per second GDI - Graphical Device Interface GFD - Gold Finger Device GHz - GigaHertz GPA - Graphics Performance Accelerator GPU - Graphics Processing Unit GSR - Gigabit Switched Router GTS - GigaTexel Shader --- H --- HCI - Human-Computer Interaction/Interface HDD - Hard Disk Drive HIPPI - High Performance Parallel Interface HPA - High Performance Addressing HSF - Heat Sink and Fan HSR - Hidden Surface Removal HardOCP - Hard Overclocker Comparison Page --- I --- IBM - International Business Machines Corporation IC - Integrated Circuit ICH - I/O Controller Hub IDE - Integrated Drive Electronics IDSL - ISDN Digital Subscriber Line IEEE - Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers IFTTC - Integrated Fiber To The Curb IFITL - Integrated Fiber In The Loop IHA - Intel Hub Architecture I/O - Input/Output IR - Infra Red IRQ - Interrupt Request ISA - Industry Standard Architecture ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network ISO - International Standards Organization --- J --- JBOD - Just a Bunch Of Disks --- K --- Kbps - Kilobits Per Second KBps - KiloBytes per second KNI - Katmai New Instructions KVM - Keyboard Video Mouse --- L --- LASER - Light Amplified by Stimulated Emissions of Radiation LBA - Logical Block Addressing LCD - Liquid Crystal Display LDT - Lightning Data Transport LED - Light Emitting Diode LIF - Low Insertion Force LIFO - Last In First Out LMA - Lightspeed Memory Architecture LPT - Line Print Terminal LUN - Logical Unit Number LVD - Low-Voltage Differential --- M --- MAC - Media Access Control MB - MotherBoard MB - Megabyte MBps - Megabytes Per Second Mbps - Megabits Per Second MC - Micro-Channel MCA - Micro Channel Architecture MCE Machine Check Exception MCGA - Multi-Color Graphic Array MDRAM - Multibank Dynamic Random Access Memory MEMS - Micro-Electromechanical Systems MFLOPS - Millions of FLoating point Operations Per Second MFM - Modified Frequency Modulation MHz - MegaHertz MIPS - Million Instructions Per Second MMX - Multi-Media Extensions Modem - Modulate/Demodulate MTRR - Memory Type Range Registers --- N --- NAS - Network Attached Storage NAT - Network Address Translation NFG - Not Functioning Good NIC - Network Interface Card --- O --- OC - Overclock (Over Clock) OEM - Original Equipment Manufacturer OTFT - Organic Thin-Film Transistor --- P --- PA-RISC - Precision Archetecture Reduced Instruction Set Computing PAL - Phase Alternation Line PAN - Personal Area Network PAT - Port Address Translation Pb - Peta byte PBC - Pipelined Burst Cache PC - Personal Computer PCB - Printed Circuit Board PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect PCM - Pulse Code Modulation PCMCIA - Peripheral Component Microchannel Interconnect Architecture PCMCIA - Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PGA - Professional Graphics Array PIO - Programmable Input/Output PIXEL - Picture Element PLD - Programmable Logic Device PnP - Plug 'n Play POST - Power On Self Test POTS - Plain Old Telephone System PPGA - Plastic Pin Grid Array PPP - Point to Point Protocol PPPoA - Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM PPPoE - Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PRAM - Parameter Random Access Memory PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory PSU - Power Supply Unit PWM - Pulse Width Modulation --- Q --- QDR - Quadruple Data Rate --- R --- RADSL - Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line RAID - Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAID - Redundant Array of Independant Disks RAM - Random Access Memory RAMDAC - Random Access Memory Digital Analog Convertor RAS - Row Address Strobe RDRAM - Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory RGB - Red Green Blue RIMM - Rambus Inline Memory Module RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computing RLL - Run Length Limited ROM - Read Only Memory RPM - Revolutions Per Minute --- S --- SAN - Storage Area Network SASID - Self-scanned Amorphous Silicon Integrated Display SCA - SCSI Configured Automatically SCSI - Small Computer System Interface SDRAM - Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory SDSL - Synchronus Digital Subscriber Line SECC - Single Edge Contact Connector SEP - Single Edge Processor SEPP - Single Edge Processor Package SGI - Silicon Graphics Incorporated SGRAM - Synchronous Graphics RAM SIMD - Single Instruction-Stream, Multiple Data-Stream SIMM - Single Inline Memory Module SLI - Scan Line Interleave SLIP - Serial Line Internet Protocol SMDS - Switched Multimegabit Data Service SMP - Symmetric MultiProcessing SNR - Signal to Noise Ratio SODIMM - Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module SPARC - Scalable Processor ArChitecture SOHO - Small Office Home Office SRAM - Static Random Access Memory SSE - Streaming SIMD Extensions STN - Supertwisted Nematic STP - Shieled Twisted Pair SVGA - Super Video Graphics Array S/PDIF - Sony/Philips Digital Interface --- T --- TB - Terabytes TBps - Terabytes per second Tbps - Terabits per second TEC - Thermoelectric Cooler TFT - Thin Film Transistor THz - TeraHertz TIM - Thermal Interface Material TNT - TwiN Texel TOPS - Theoretical Operations Per Second TSOP - Thin Small Outline Package TTL - Transistor Transistor Logic TWAIN - Technology Without An Important Name --- U --- UART - Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter UDMA - Ultra Direct Memory Access UMA - Unified Memory Architechture UPS - Uninteruptible Power Supply USB - Universal Serial Bus UTP - Unshieled Twisted Pair --- V --- VCD - Video CD VCM - Virutal Channel Memory VCRAM - Virtual Channel Read Access Memory VDSL - Very High Data Digital Subscriber Line VESA - Video Electronics Standards Association VFD - Vacuum-Flourescent Displays VGA - Video Graphics Array VIVO - Video In, Video Out VLB - VESA Local Bus VPN - Virtual Private Network VRAM - Video Random Access Memory --- W --- WORM - Write-Once Read-Many WRAM - Window Random Access Memory WYSIWYG - What You See Is What You Get --- X --- XGA - Extended Graphics Array XMS - Extended Memory Specification XT - Extended Technology --- Y ------Z --- ZIF - Zero Insertion Force ZV - Zoomed Video