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Geology of the Nairobi Region, Kenya
% % % % % % % % %% %% %% %% %% %% %% % GEOLOGIC HISTORY % %% %% % % Legend %% %% %% %% %% %% %% % % % % % % HOLOCENE: %% % Pl-mv Pka %%% Sediments Mt Margaret U. Kerichwa Tuffs % % % % %% %% % Longonot (0.2 - 400 ka): trachyte stratovolcano and associated deposits. Materials exposed in this map % %% %% %% %% %% %% % section are comprised of the Longonot Ash Member (3.3 ka) and Lower Trachyte (5.6-3.3 ka). The % Pka' % % % % % % L. Kerichwa Tuff % % % % % % Alluvial fan Pleistocene: Calabrian % % % % % % % Geo% lo% gy of the Nairobi Region, Kenya % trachyte lavas were related to cone building, and the airfall tuffs were produced by summit crater formation % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Pna % % % % %% % (Clarke et al. 1990). % % % % % % Pl-tb % % Narok Agglomerate % % % % % Kedong Lake Sediments Tepesi Basalt % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %% % % % 37.0 °E % % % % 36.5 °E % % % % For area to North see: Geology of the Kijabe Area, KGS Report 67 %% % % % Pnt %% % PLEISTOCENE: % % %% % % % Pl-kl %% % % Nairobi Trachyte % %% % -1.0 ° % % % % -1.0 ° Lacustrine Sediments % % % % % % % % Pleistocene: Gelasian % % % % % Kedong Valley Tuff (20-40 ka): trachytic ignimbrites and associated fall deposits created by caldera % 0 % 1800 % % ? % % % 0 0 % % % 0 % % % % % 0 % 0 8 % % % % % 4 % 4 Pkt % formation at Longonot. There are at least 5 ignimbrite units, each with a red-brown weathered top. In 1 % % % % 2 % 2 % % Kiambu Trachyte % Pl-lv % % % % % % % % % % %% % % Limuru Pantellerite % % % % some regions the pyroclastic glass and pumice has been -
Lake Turkana and the Lower Omo the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands Account for 50% of Kenya’S Livestock Production (Snyder, 2006)
Lake Turkana & the Lower Omo: Hydrological Impacts of Major Dam & Irrigation Development REPORT African Studies Centre Sean Avery (BSc., PhD., C.Eng., C. Env.) © Antonella865 | Dreamstime © Antonella865 Consultant’s email: [email protected] Web: www.watres.com LAKE TURKANA & THE LOWER OMO: HYDROLOGICAL IMPACTS OF MAJOR DAM & IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENTS CONTENTS – VOLUME I REPORT Chapter Description Page EXECUTIVE(SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................1! 1! INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 12! 1.1! THE(CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................................ 12! 1.2! THE(ASSIGNMENT .................................................................................................................................. 14! 1.3! METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................................................... 15! 2! DEVELOPMENT(PLANNING(IN(THE(OMO(BASIN ......................................................................... 18! 2.1! INTRODUCTION(AND(SUMMARY(OVERVIEW(OF(FINDINGS................................................................... 18! 2.2! OMO?GIBE(BASIN(MASTER(PLAN(STUDY,(DECEMBER(1996..............................................................19! 2.2.1! OMO'GIBE!BASIN!MASTER!PLAN!'!TERMS!OF!REFERENCE...........................................................................19! -
Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society and National Museum
JOURNAL OF THE EAST AFRICA NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY AND NATIONAL MUSEUM 15 October, 1978 Vol. 31 No. 167 A CHECKLIST OF mE SNAKES OF KENYA Stephen Spawls 35 WQodland Rise, Muswell Hill, London NIO, England ABSTRACT Loveridge (1957) lists 161 species and subspecies of snake from East Mrica. Eighty-nine of these belonging to some 41 genera were recorded from Kenya. The new list contains some 106 forms of 46 genera. - Three full species have been deleted from Loveridge's original checklist. Typhlops b. blanfordii has been synonymised with Typhlops I. lineolatus, Typhlops kaimosae has been synonymised with Typhlops angolensis (Roux-Esteve 1974) and Co/uber citeroii has been synonymised with Meizodon semiornatus (Lanza 1963). Of the 20 forms added to the list, 12 are forms collected for the first time in Kenya but occurring outside its political boundaries and one, Atheris desaixi is a new species, the holotype and paratypes being collected within Kenya. There has also been a large number of changes amongst the 89 original species as a result of revisionary systematic studies. This accounts for the other additions to the list. INTRODUCTION The most recent checklist dealing with the snakes of Kenya is Loveridge (1957). Since that date there has been a significant number of developments in the Kenyan herpetological field. This paper intends to update the nomenclature in the part of the checklist that concerns the snakes of Kenya and to extend the list to include all the species now known to occur within the political boundaries of Kenya. It also provides the range of each species within Kenya with specific locality records . -
Case Study Report For
Case Study One Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in the Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley 1 By DR. KANYINKE SENA Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in the Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley 1 CASE STUDY ONE Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in the Kenya World Heritage (IIPFWH), as a standing global Lake System in the Great Rift Valley body aimed at representing indigenous peo- ples voices in the World Heritage Committee processes.5 The Committee referred to the establishment of the IIPFWH, “As an impor- tant reflection platform on the involvement of Indigenous Peoples in the identification, conservation and management of World Heritage properties, with a particular focus on the nomination process.” 6 Pursuant to the mandate of the Forum, this report aims at analyzing Indigenous Peoples’ involvement in the Kenya Lakes System in the Great Rift Valley World Heritage Site. The report is as result of extensive literature re- view and interviews with communities in and around the lakes that comprise the Kenya K. Sena: Lake Bogoria Lakes System. The Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Val- ley is a World Heritage site in Kenya which comprises three inter-linked, relatively shal- low, alkaline lakes and their surrounding territories. The lakes system includes Lakes Elementeita, Nakuru and Bogoria in the Rift Valley. The lakes cover a total area of 32,034 and was inscribed as a world heritage site in 2011. The inscription was based on the lakes system outstanding universal values and criterion (vii), (ix) and (x) as provided for, under paragraph 77 of the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention. -
A History of Nairobi, Capital of Kenya
....IJ .. Kenya Information Dept. Nairobi, Showing the Legislative Council Building TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preface. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 Chapter I. Pre-colonial Background • • • • • • • • • • 4 II. The Nairobi Area. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 29 III. Nairobi from 1896-1919 •• • • • • • • • • • 50 IV. Interwar Nairobi: 1920-1939. • • • • • • • 74 V. War Time and Postwar Nairobi: 1940-1963 •• 110 VI. Independent Nairobi: 1964-1966 • • • • • • 144 Appendix • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 168 Bibliographical Note • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 179 Bibliography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 182 iii PREFACE Urbanization is the touchstone of civilization, the dividing mark between raw independence and refined inter dependence. In an urbanized world, countries are apt to be judged according to their degree of urbanization. A glance at the map shows that the under-developed countries are also, by and large, rural. Cities have long existed in Africa, of course. From the ancient trade and cultural centers of Carthage and Alexandria to the mediaeval sultanates of East Africa, urban life has long existed in some degree or another. Yet none of these cities changed significantly the rural character of the African hinterland. Today the city needs to be more than the occasional market place, the seat of political authority, and a haven for the literati. It remains these of course, but it is much more. It must be the industrial and economic wellspring of a large area, perhaps of a nation. The city has become the concomitant of industrialization and industrialization the concomitant 1 2 of the revolution of rising expectations. African cities today are largely the products of colonial enterprise but are equally the measure of their country's progress. The city is witness everywhere to the acute personal, familial, and social upheavals of society in the process of urbanization. -
Omenda Geothermal Heat Sources in East Africa Rift System 2016
Heat Sources for Geothermal Systems in East African Rift System Peter Omenda Classification by Temperature Volcano hosted Geothermal Systems • Typical model for volcano hosted geothermal system Volcano hosted Geothermal Systems-Menengai • Associated with main rift volcanoes Menengai Geothermal field • Temperatures of > 400oC measured • Shallow magma bodies ~2.3km Geophysical Model across Menengai • Seismics show high velocity under volcano • Common feature of all volcanoes in EARS rift axis MEQ Studies T o B MN15 a Marigat MN13 r in g Coffee o Farm MN12 Bahati ru Majani Mingi ru hu ya 9985000 N To MN14 • Studies revealed that 9980000 Kabarak s s s MN09 Bahati g g g brittle ductile transition MN10 n n n i i i CALDERA Settlement h h h t t t r r r o o o MN11 N N N MN07 To d d d i i i E r r r l MN08 do G G G re zone under Menengai is 9975000 t MN06 Residential Area MN04 at 6km depth T o Nairobi 9970000 NAKURU MN05 MN03URBAN AREA Lake Rongai Nakuru Lake Nakuru Farms National Park MN02 MN01 165000 170000 175000 180000 Grid Eastings (m) NorthWest Ol Rongai Men. Caldera SouthEast 0 -2 ) ) m m K K ( ( h h t t -4 p p e e D D -6 -8 165000 167500 170000 172500 175000 177500 180000 Distance (M) Menengai Stratigraphy • Stratigraphy dominated by trachytes and pyroclastics • Magma body at ~2.3km • Syenitic cap present • Tmax 400oC Menengai stratigraphic Model Tuff layers Trachyte Syenite Magma Menengai Model 200 isotherm 250 isotherm 350 isotherm Magma Olkaria Volcanic Complex • The heat source at Olkaria is associated with – discrete magma chambers that underlie the volcanic centres Main Ethiopian Rift Recent volcano tectonic activity is mainly within the axis. -
Historical Background: Early Exploration in the East African Rift--The Gregory Rift Valley
Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 26, 2021 SIR PETER KENT Historical background: Early exploration in the East African Rift--The Gregory Rift Valley In relation to modern lines of communication it seems surprising that the Gregory Rift Valley was the last part of the system to become known. Much of the earlier exploration had however been centred on the problem of the sources of the Nile, and in consequence the Western or Albertine Rift was explored by Samuel Baker as early as 1862/63 (Baker 1866). Additionally there was a strong tendency to use the convenient base at Zanzibar Island for journeys inland by the Arab slave trading routes from Pangani and Bagamoyo; these led to the Tanganyika Rift and Nyasaland rather than to the area of modern Kenya. The first penetrations into the Gregory Rift area were in I883; Joseph Thomson made an extensive journey into Central Kenya which he described in his book of 1887, 'Through Masai Land' which had as a subtitle, 'a journey of exploration among the snowclad volcanic mountains and strange tribes of Eastern Equatorial Africa--being the narrative of the Royal Geographical Society's Expedition to Mount Kenya and Lake Victoria Nyanza i883-84'. In his classic journey Thomson practically encircled the lower slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro and reached the Gregory Rift wall near the Ngong Hills. He then went north to Lake Baringo and westwards to Lake Victoria, before returning to his starting point at Mombasa. His observations on the geology were of good standard for the time. -
Analysis and Mapping of Water-Related Conflicts in the Catchment of Lake Naivasha (Kenya)
Competition over water resources: analysis and mapping of water-related conflicts in the catchment of Lake Naivasha (Kenya) Carolina Boix Fayos February 2002 Competition over water resources: analysis and mapping of water-related conflicts in the catchment of Lake Naivasha (Kenya) By Carolina Boix Fayos Supervisors: Dr. M.McCall (Social Sciences) Drs. J. Verplanke (Social Sciences) Drs. R. Becht (Water Resources) Thesis submitted to the International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Water Resources and Environmental Management Degree Assessment Board Chairman: Prof. Dr. A.M.J. Meijerink (Water Resources) External examiner: Prof. A. van der Veen (University of Twente) Members: Dr. M.K. McCall (Social Sciences) Drs. J.J. Verplanke (Social Sciences) Drs. R. Becht (Water Resources) INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GEOINFORMATION SCIENCE AND EARTH OBSERVATION ENSCHEDE, THE NETHERLANDS Disclaimer This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute. A mi abuelo Paco (Francisco Fayos Artés) que me enseñó a apreciar la tierra y sus gentes y a disfrutar con la Geografía y la Historia ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The experience of ITC has been very special. I am very grateful to the Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero (Madrid, Spain) who paid the ITC fees and supported me economically during the whole period. I am also very grateful to my supervisors Dr. Mike McCall, Drs. -
Classic Kenya Safari Saint Louis Zoo Travel’S Most Popular Adventure Is Back in 2011 with Some Exciting Changes and Additions
Classic Kenya Safari Saint Louis Zoo Travel’s most popular adventure is back in 2011 with some exciting changes and additions. Join us for an unforgettable adventure into the ITINERARY heart of Africa. You can expect to see more than 35 types of mammals, enjoy the comfort of world- Classic Kenya Safari renowned lodges and luxury tented camps, and June 5 - 17, 2011 $4,190 per person, double occupancy, experience the beauty of East Africa’s plains. land only. $4,890 per person single occupancy, land only. This trip is a great first-time Lake Nakuru where you can expect to African wildlife safari with visits to see thousands of flamingos and other Airfare is estimated at $2,100. outstanding national parks and water birds, the white rhino, and the reserves. There’s no place on Earth Rothschild’s giraffe. Then spend three > Sunday, June 5 like East Africa for unrivalled wildlife days in the beautiful Masai Mara St. Louis-London viewing, including the chance to see Game Reserve where you should > Monday, June 6 elephants, hippos, cheetahs, giraffes, see lions, elephants, black rhinos London-Nairobi, Kenya rhinos, zebras, lions and much, much and hippos, plus many fine birds. > Tuesday, June 7 more. We visit a number of very special Nairobi to Sweetwaters Private Reserve places during this two-week adventure. We hope that you will join us on this once-in-a-lifetime trip! > Wednesday, June 8 We’ll drive to Sweetwaters Tented Sweetwaters to Samburu National Reserve Camp to see a variety of wildlife Trip Activity Level: This is a very easy including northern species like the trip. -
KWS REDUCED PARK ENTRY FEES.Pdf
Going wild is now more affordable than before Enjoy the priceless experience!! CITIZENS RESIDENTS NON -RESIDENTS Adult Child/Student Adult Child/Student Adult Child/Student PREMIUM PARKS KSHS KSHS KSHS KSHS $ $ 860 215 1,030 515 60 35 WILDERNESS PARKS (A) Tsavo East &Tsavo West 515 215 1,030 515 52 35 WILDERNESS PARKS (B) Meru / Kora 300 215 1,030 515 52 35 Aberdare 300 215 1,030 515 52 26 Mt Kenya- Kihari gate 300 215 1,030 515 43 26 URBAN SAFARI 430 215 1,030 515 43 22 SANCTUARIES 215 125 300 170 22 13 MOUNTAIN CLIMBING Mt. Kenya (Day Trip) 430 215 775 515 52 26 Mt. Kenya (3 Day Package) 1,290 645 2,325 1,545 156 78 Mt. Kenya (4 Day Package) 1,720 860 3,100 2,060 208 104 Mt. Kenya (5 Day Package) 2,150 1,075 3,875 2,575 260 130 Mt. Kenya (6 Day Package) 2,580 1,290 4,650 3,090 312 156 SCENIC/SPECIAL INTEREST (A) Hells Gate/ Elgon/Ol-Donyo Sabuk Mt. Longonot 300 215 600 300 26 17 SCENIC/SPECIAL INTEREST (B) 300 125 600 255 22 13 MARINE PARKS 215 125 300 170 17 13 130 125 300 170 17 13 Toll free number 0800-597-000 Kenya Wildlife Service @kwskenya [email protected] www.kws.go.ke Going wild is now more affordable than before Enjoy the priceless experience!! VEHICLE FEES PER DAY VEHICLES STATIONED IN THE PARK PER YEAR KSH KSH • Less than 6 seats 300 10,000 • PSV’s <6 Seats & Commercial vehicle< 2 tons • 6-12 Seats 1,030 • PSV’s 6 –12 Seats & Commercial vehicle 2-5 tons 10,000 • 13-24 Seats 2,585 • PSV’s 6-13 Seats & Commercial tour vehicle • 25-44 Seats 4,050 (not stationed in the park) 60,000 • 45 Seats and above 5,000 • PSV’s -
Kariandusi an Online Guide to the Museum Kariandusi – a Site in Kenya’S Rift Valley
Kariandusi an online guide to the Museum Kariandusi – a site in Kenya’s Rift Valley Kariandusi was one of the first early archaeological sites to be discovered in East Africa, which is now famed as a cradle of human origins. The sites lie on the eastern side of the Gregory Rift Valley, about 120 km NNW of Nairobi, and about 2 km to the east side of Lake Elmenteita. From Kariandusi you can look across the width of the Rift Valley. The Nakuru- Elmenteita basin is flanked by Menengai volcano on the north, and by the volcanic pile of Mount Eburru on the south – visible from Kariandusi. Much geological evidence shows that at times in the past this basin has been occupied by large lakes, sometimes reaching levels hundreds of metres higher than the present Lakes Nakuru and Elmenteita. Lying at a height of about 1880 m (nearly 6200 ft, the Kariandusi sites would have been near the side of one of these former lakes. Impressive scarps of the Rift wall rise less than one kilometre behind the sites, continuing as the Bahati Escarpment to the north, and the Gilgil Escarpment further south. The scarps behind rise to 2250 m (7400 ft) less than 3 km from the sites. The site area from the North with the Rift Valley scarp In the background Close to the sites the scarps of the Rift Valley wall are dissected by the valley of the Kariandusi River, which has a relatively short course, fed partly by waters from Coles' Hot Springs, only 2 km from the sites. -
Sibiloi National Park
CAMPING Public campsites: Turkana Campsite (latrines only-no water) and Koobi Fora Campsite (latrines only- no water) Sunset Strip Camp: this popular campsite at Loiyangalani offers a communal dining area, water, showers and lavatories. Contact: Tel (Nairobi) +254 (O)20 891348· Email: [email protected] WHAT TO TAKE WITH YOU: Allsupplies: especially fuel (the last fuel stations are in Marsabit or Maralal), food and water. Also useful are: camping equipment, breakdown equipment and medical kit as well as a camera, binoculars, hat, sunglasses and guidebooks PLEASE RESPECTTHE WILDLIFE CODE Respect the privacy of the wildlife, this is their habitat. Beware of the animals, they are wild and can be unpredictable. Don't crowd the animals or make sudden noises or movements. Don't feed the animals, it upsets their diet and leads to human dependence. Keep quiet, noise disturbs the wildlife and may antagonize your fellow visitors. Stay in your vehicle at all times, except at designated picnic or walking areas. Keep below the maximum speed limit (40kph/25mph). Never drive off-road, this severely damages the habitat. When viewing wildlife keep to a minimum distance of 20 meters and pull to the side of the road so as to allow others to pass. KENYA WILDLIFE SERVICE PARKS AND RESERVES Leave no litter and never leave fires unattended or discard burning objects. • ABERDARE NATIONAL PARK. AMBOSEU NATIONAL PARK. ARABUKO SOKOKE NATIONAL RESERVE. Respect the cultural heritage of Kenya, never take pictures of the local people or their • CENTRAL" SOUTHERN ISLAND NATIONAL PARK. CHYULU HILLS NATIONAL PARK • habitat without asking their permission, respect the cultural traditions of Kenya and • HELLS CATE NATIONAL PARK.