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President Wilson's War Address to Congress and Proclatnation

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President Wilson's War Address to Congress and Proclatnation D 8 619 .A2 1917f President Wilson's War Address to Congress and Proclatnation together with Joint Resolution of House and Senate, giving names of those voting for and against the measure Illustrated with Reproductions of Original Photographs never before published Ftf~ 211 1~20 \ \ ...._ __ ,I ./ I / \, Connecticut State Library I1 11\11 IIIII 11\11II III ~\II \\1~ IIIIIII III \\\11\\11\1\\\\ 11\\\ \Ill\\ 1\\\\11\\ II\ 3 0231 01325 0787 P r esident Wilson's War Address to Con gress an d Proclamat ion together with Joint Resolution of House and Senate giving names of those voting for and against the measure inet'hSevent een Verbatim Copy of the Historic Address Delivered in Congress, April 2, 1917 At the first day's session of the Sixty-fifth Congress of the United States of America, Monday, April 2, of this year, President Wilson appeared before the members of both Houses, assembled in joint session, and read his war message. Statesmen the world over have characterized this message as "the most momentous which any President of the United States has ever been called upon to make." Its tremendous influence for good is being felt all over the earth. It is for you to read and to study. Preserve it carefully. It is one of the most notable documents that has been given to the people since the dawn of the United States of America, one hundred and forty­ one years ago. Great Men of Europe Praise theWar Message of President Wilson "This message, by its virile simplicity, attains a grandeur with which few historic documents can compare."-RENE VIVIANI, French Minister of Justice. "The glowing phrases of the President's noble deliverance illumine the horizon and make clearer the goal we are striving to reach."­ PREMIER LLOYD GEORGE of Great Britain. "In never-to-be-forgotten language, you (President Wilson) have made yourself the eloquent interpreter of outraged laws and a menaced civilization."- PRESIDENT POINCARE of France. "A lofty and impressive addregs, worthy of the occasion."-VIS­ COUNT BRYCE, former British Ambassador. "The President's message constitutes a monument to American statesmanship."-JULES CAMBON, former French Ambassador. "The President's speech will live in the annals of eloquence as a worthy and noble exposition of the grounds for and the aims of a great national resolve."-EX-PREMIER H. H. ASQUITH of Great Britain. COPYRIGHT BY HARqiS & EWING PRESIDENT WILSON TilE CAPITOL, WASHINGTON, D. C. , COPYRIGHT eV HARRIS a t.WIN<. PRESIDENT WILSON AND CABINET From left to ritJbt aro und the table: President Will'on, William G. \1cAdoo, Secretary o£ Treasury; T. W. Gregory, Attorney General; Josephue Daniele, Secretary o£ Navy; David F. Houston, Secretary of Agriculture; William. B. V\Tilsoo, Secrt-tary of Labor; William C. Redfield, Secretary o£ Commerce \at extreme ritbt o£ picture); .Frankl1n K. Lane, Secretary of J nterior; ' Albert S . Burleson, Postmaster General; Ne,vton D . Bake r, Sect•etary of War, and Robe rt Lansing, Secretat·y of State . COPYRIGHT BY HARRIS a EWING PRESIDENT WILSON ADDRESSING CONGRESS President Wilson's War Address to Congress April 2, 1917 I have called the Congress into extraordi­ in the attempt to set up some law which nary session because there are serious, would be respected and observed upon the very serious, choices of policy to be made, seas, where no nation had right of do­ and made immediately, which it was neither minion and where lay the free highways right nor constitutionally permissible that of the world. By painful stage after stage I should assume the responsibility of mak­ has that law been built up, with meagre ing. enough results, indeed, after all was accom­ On the third of February last I officially plished that could be accomplished, but laid before you the extraordinary an­ always with a clear view, at least, of what nouncement of the Imperial German Gov­ the heart and conscience of mankind de­ ernment that on and after the first day of manded. February it was its purpose to put aside This minimum of right the German Gov­ all restraints of law or of humanity and use ernment has swept aside under the plea its submarines to sink every vessel that of retaliation and necessity and because it sought to approach either the p01·ts of had no weapons which it could use at sea Great Britain and Ireland or the western except these which it is impossible to em­ coasts of Europe or any of the ports con­ ploy as it is employing them without trolled by the enemies of Germany within throwing to the winds all scruples of hu­ the Mediterranean. That had seemed to manity or of respect for the understand­ be the object of the German submarine ings that were supposed to underlie the warfare earlier in the war, but since April intercourse of the world. of last year the Imperial Government had I am not now thinking of the loss of prop­ somewhat restrained the commanders of erty involved, immense and serious as that its undersea craft in conformity with is, but only of the wanton and wholesale its promise then given to us that passen­ destruction of the lives of non-combatants, ger boats should not be sunk, and that men, women, and children, engaged in due warning would be given to all other pursuits which have always, even in the vessels which its submarines might seek darkest periods of modern history, been to destroy, when no resistance was offered deemed innocent and legitimate. Property or escape attempted, and care taken that can be paid for ; the lives of peaceful and their crews were given at least a fair chance innocent people cannot be. to save their lives in their open boats. The The present German submarine warfare precautions taken were meagre and hap­ against commerce is a warfare against man­ hazard enough, as was proved in distress­ kind. It is a war against all nations. ing· instance after instance in the progress American ships have been sunk, American of the cruel and unmanly business, but a lives taken, in ways which it has stirred certain degree of restraint was observed. us very deeply to learn of, but the ships The new policy has swept every restric­ and people of other neutral and friendly tion aside. Vessels of every kind, what­ nations have been sunk and overwhelmed ever their flag, their character, their cargo, in the waters in the same way. There has their destination, their errand, have been been no discrimination. The challenge is to ruthlessly sent to the bottom without warn­ all mankind. Each nation must decide for ing and without thought of help or mercy itself how it will meet it. The choice we for those on board, the vesels of friendly make for ourselves must be made with a neutrals along with those of belligerents. moderation of counsel and a temperate­ Even hospital ships and ships carrying re­ ness of judgment befitting our character lief to the sorely bereaved and stricken and our motives as a nation. people of Belgium. though the latter were We must put excited feeling away. Our provided with safe conduct through the motive will not be revenge or the victori­ proscribed areas by the German Govern­ ous assertion of the physical might of the ment itself and were distinguished by un­ nation, but only the vindication of right, mistakable marks of identity, have been of human right, of which we are only a sunk with the same reckless lack of com­ single champion. passion or of principle. When I addressed the Congress on the I was for a little while unable to believe 26th of February last I thought that it that such things would in fact be done by would suffice to assert our neutral rights any government that had hitherto sub­ with arms, our right to use the seas scribed to the humane practices of civilized against unlawful interference, our right to nations. International law had its origin keep our people safe against unlawful vio- lence. But armed neutrality, it now ap­ serve the incidental needs of the nation in pears, is impracticable. Because subma­ the most abundant and yet the most eco­ rines are in effect outlaws when used as nomical and efficient way possible. It will the German submarines have been used involve the immediate full equipment of against merchant shipping, it is impos­ the Navy in all respects, but particularly sible to defend ships against their at­ in supplying it with the best means of tacks as the law of nations has assumed dealing with the enemy's submarines. It that merchantmen would defend them­ will involve the immediate addition to the selves against privateers or cruisers, visible armed forces of the United States already craft giving chase upon the open sea. It provided for by law in case of war at le<:tst is common prudence in such circumstances, 500,000 men, who should, in my opinion, grim necessity indeed, to endeavor to des­ be chosen upon the principle of universal troy them before they have shown their liability to service, and also the authori­ own intention. They must be dealt with zation of subsequent additional increments upon sight, if dealt with at all. of equal force so soon as they may be The German Government denies the right needed and can be handled in training. of neutrals to use arms at all within the It will involve also, of course, the grant­ ) areas of the sea which it has proscribed, ing of adequate credits to the Govern­ even in the defense of rights which no ment, sustained, I hope, so far as they can modern publicist has ever before ques­ equitably be sustained by the present tioned their right to defend.
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