West (Hunter’s Point) Parcel 11 Draft Upland Site Summary

QUEENS WEST (HUNTER’S POINT) PARCEL 11 (DAR SITE ID #138) Address: 2-01 50th Avenue, Long Island City, Queens (2-14 49th Avenue) Tax Lot Parcel(s): Queens Block 17, Lots 21 and 28 Latitude: 40.7349 Longitude: -73.9588 Regulatory Programs/ Numbers/Codes: NYSDEC VCP Site Code V00194B Analytical Data Status: Electronic Data Available Hardcopies only No Data Available

1 SUMMARY OF CONSTITUENTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN (COPCs) TRANSPORT PATHWAYS TO THE CREEK The current understanding of the transport mechanisms of COPCs from the upland portions of the Queens West (Hunter’s Point) Parcel 11 site (site) to is summarized in this section and Table 1, and supported in the following sections.

Overland Transport This site is 0.27 mile from Newtown Creek and associated waterways. This is not a complete current or historical pathway.

Bank Erosion This site is not adjacent to Newtown Creek and associated waterways. This is not a complete current or historical pathway.

Groundwater This site is 0.27 mile from Newtown Creek and associated waterways. Previous studies in the Queens West area indicate that groundwater beneath the site is expected to flow toward the (AKRF 2008). There is insufficient evidence to make a current or historical pathway determination.

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Overwater Activities The site is not adjacent to Newtown Creek and associated waterways. Information regarding overwater activities was not identified in documents available for review. This is not a complete current or historical pathway.

Stormwater/Wastewater Systems This site is within the Bowery Bay Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) sewershed (NYCDEP 2007). Based on the site topography and improved infrastructure, stormwater at the site is expected to drain directly to the East River or flow into a combined sewer system. Wastewater discharges from the site flow into a combined sewer system. When the combined flows exceed the system’s capacity, untreated combined sewer overflows (CSOs) are discharged to the East River. Direct discharge of stormwater and wastewater and discharge to the sewer/ CSO are not complete current or historical pathways.

Air Releases Information regarding air discharges from the site was not identified in documents available for review. There is insufficient information to make a current or historical pathway determination.

2 PROJECT STATUS The entire Queens West Development property was investigated from 1985 to 1986 and 1989, with an additional investigation in 1994 to assess subsurface conditions (AKRF 1990; AKRF 2003). In August 1998, a Voluntary Cleanup Agreement was entered into between New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Queens West Development Corporation (QWDC). Pre-construction soil sampling was conducted in 2000 (AKRF 2000), and remediation between December 2000 and May 2006 in accordance with the NYSDEC-approved Remedial Work Plan (RWP) for Queens West Development Parcel 11 (AKRF Engineering 1998). The site remediation was documented in a Final Engineering Report (FER) dated March 2008, and on-going site management requirements were specified in a Site Management Plan (SMP). NYSDEC issued an approval letter for the FER on March 31, 2008 (ATC 2010). A summary of investigation and remedial activities at the site is provided in the following table.

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Activity Date(s)/Comments Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment Site Characterization 1990 - Environmental Impact Statement Remedial Investigation 2000 – Soil Sampling Program March 1995, Remediation Plan for Queens West Remedy Selection Development – Stage 1 Remedial Design/Remedial Action August 1998 – RAWP approved

Implementation February 2001 – Remediation complete Use Restrictions (Environmental Easements or March 2008 Institutional Controls) Construction Completion March 2002 Site Closeout/No Further Action Determination March 2008

Note: RAWP – remedial action work plan

• NYSDEC Site Code(s): VCP Site Code V00194B • NYSDEC Site Manager: Sondra Martinkat, (718) 482-4891

3 SITE OWNERSHIP HISTORY Respondent Member: Yes No

Owner Years Occupant Type of Operation ca. 1903 LIRR Express Stables ca. 1903 Keystone Varnish Co. Varnish manufacturer? ca. 1917 Adams Express Co. Stables, horseshoeing ca. 1917 Unknown (LIRR?) Storage Unknown ca. 1943 – ca. Hardwood Sawdust & Wood supplier? 1949 Supply Co. Inc. Crown Oil Products Corp. ca. 1943 – ca. (2-14 49th Ave.) aka Vegetable oil refining, 1959 Crown Oil Chemical synthetic resins, drying oils Company Metal distributors & Expanded Metal Engineering Co. Expanded Metal ca. 1950 – 1974 warehouse, building (2-01 50th Ave.) (lot 28) Engineering Co. materials & supplies

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Delbay Corp. (subsidiary of the 1966 – 1987 Pennsylvania Railroad)(lot 21)

Hashizune Food Products Corp. 1974 – 1982 (2-01 50th Ave.) (lot 28)

Doris Freed (50%), James F. Giannone (25%), Nicholas 1982 – 1990 Giannone (25%) (lot 28) Unknown Unknown MO Associates (lot 21) 1987 – 1996

Jame F. Giannone & Antoinette Giannone (50%) 1990 – 1996 Nicholas Giannone and Cheryl Giannone (50%) (lot 28)

Queens West Development 1996 Agency (lots 21 & 28)

River View Gardens Housing Avalon Riverview & Residential and senior 2000 Development Fund Co., Inc. Riverview Gardens housing

Note: Ave. – avenue ca. – circa Co. – company Corp. – corporation LIRR – Long Island Railroad MO – Manhattan Overlook

4 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION The property occupies 1.17 acres (AKRF 2008) near the East River in the Hunters Point area of Queens. The site slopes gently down from approximately 5 feet above mean sea level on the eastern property boundary to the East River on the western property boundary. The property is located approximately 0.27 mile northwest of Newtown Creek. The site is covered by two residential buildings.

The site is bounded by 49th Avenue to the north, 50th Avenue to the south, residential/commercial properties to the east, and Center Boulevard to the west. The area is zoned M3-1 (Manufacturing). M3 districts are designated for areas with heavy industries that generate noise, traffic, or pollutants (NYCDCP 2012).

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Parcel 10, located north of the site across 49th Avenue, is occupied by a high-rise residential building, which also includes a public elementary school, P.S. 78, at its western end. The area between Parcel 11 and the East River is part of the Queens West waterfront park. A tennis club is located southwest of the site, and the former Schwartz Chemical building site, currently being redeveloped with condominiums, is located to the southeast. The buildings immediately east of the site are not part of the Queens West Development. These buildings are occupied by a mix of light industrial, commercial, and residential uses (AKRF 2008).

A 2010 aerial photograph of the site is presented as Figure 1 and a map displaying composite site cover and development is shown in Attachment 1.

5 CURRENT SITE USE The site is currently occupied by a high-rise residential building, the Avalon Riverview, on the southern portion of the site at 2-01 50th Avenue, and a second residential building, containing federally-subsidized housing for the elderly, the Riverview Gardens, on the northern portion of the site at 2-14 49th Avenue. Ground level retail is present on the western portion of the first floor of the Avalon Riverview. The Avalon Riverview was first occupied in March 2002 (AKRF 2008; Queenswest.com 2011).

6 SITE USE HISTORY The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) had track along 49th Avenue (formerly 5th Street), which culminated in the LIRR Freight Yard where freight was unloaded from barges on the East River. Block 17, located between 49th Avenue and 50th Avenue, was part of the freight yard. The LIRR originally kept their Express stables at the end of the block, on the rail yard, formerly 4th and 5th Streets (Sanborn Map Company 1898; Queenswest.org 2011).

A variety of industrial manufacturers were located at the site, but only a small amount of information exits for two. The Crown Oil Chemical Company stored soybean, linseed, and fish oils onsite beginning in 1959. Crown produced phthalic hydride and maleic phydride. A 4-inch pipe drained to the storm sewer, which then drained to the East River (Hazen and Sawyer 1959). In 1969, the Expanded Metal Engineering Company created metal pieces for

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machine guards, window guards, display purposes, metal lath, building accessories, and access doors (Chamber of Commerce 1969).

As of 1996, the site became a part of a larger development by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the state of New York called the Queens West Development Corporation (QWDC), a subsidiary of the Empire State Development Corporation. The project extended from the to 50th Avenue and west of 5th Street. The QWDC planned a public park, residential housing, and retail space and improved sewer and public utilities as well as public schools and a public library (Queenswest.org 2011).

7 CURRENT AND HISTORICAL AREAS OF CONCERN AND COPCS The current understanding of the historical and current potential upland and overwater areas of concern at the site is summarized in Table 1. The following sections provide brief discussion of the potential sources and COPCs at the site requiring additional discussion.

Areas of concern at the site include areas in which rail operations and metal and chemical manufacturing occurred as well as areas in which contaminated fill materials exist. COPCs associated with these areas include petroleum-based oils and solvents from on-site railyard operations, tar-like material that was either brought in with the fill or released in small amounts from treated railroad ties, and elevated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals including arsenic, copper, zinc, and mercury (AKRF 2003). Additional COPCs include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), PCBs, herbicides, and pesticides

7.1 Uplands During the excavation period of the remedial action in 2001, a small, empty, aboveground fuel oil tank was located within the southernmost of the two connected buildings. There was no evidence of leaks or spills. The tank was removed prior to demolition (AKRF 2003).

Residual contamination remaining on-site includes urban fill containing elevated PAH concentrations and an isolated area of contamination containing elevated concentrations of

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volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phenolic compounds in soil, and VOCs and PAHs in groundwater (ATC 2010).

7.2 Overwater Activities This site is not adjacent to Newtown Creek or associated waterways. Information regarding overwater activities was not identified in documents available for review.

7.3 Spills Reviewed records did not indicate current or historical spills.

8 PHYSICAL SITE SETTING 8.1 Geology The geological setting of the Queens West Development area was created by glaciation at the end of the last ice age, followed by outwash and river action during the glacial retreat, and landfilling starting in the 1850s. Boring records from the Queens West project area indicate that the bedrock surface is located at approximate elevations ranging from -25 to -55 (relative to the Queens Borough Datum) under most of the area. As the climate stabilized, the project area became a marsh at the confluence of the East River and Newtown Creek. The marshes remained for several thousand years until the 1850s, when they were filled in to rid the area of mosquitoes and to create new land for the growing industries in the area (AKRF 2008).

The surficial layer of fill material present underneath the site ranged in thickness from 5 to 19 feet below grade, with an average depth of approximately 14 feet below grade. The fill material was composed of brown-black fine to coarse sand with a trace of silt. Various debris intermixed with this layer included gravel, tar, wood, ash, brick, coal, and glass. The organic silty clay layer was present below the fill at most locations, with an average thickness of 6 feet. A subway tunnel for the No. 7 train is cut through the bedrock at approximately 45 to 50 feet below grade, traversing the site in a northwest-southeast trending direction. A geologic cross-section of Parcel 11 is given in Attachment 3, spanning the property from Center Boulevard eastward to the opposite end of the property, as shown in Attachment 2 (AKRF 2008).

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8.2 Hydrogeology Groundwater on western Long Island is found in a series of unconsolidated deposits of clay, sand, and gravel overlying the bedrock surface, which dips to the south. The deposits comprise three major aquifer units: the Upper Glacial Aquifer (up to 130 feet below grade), the Magothy Aquifer (130 to 600 feet below grade) and the Lloyd Aquifer (600 to 800 feet below grade). The Upper Glacial Aquifer is a water-table aquifer and is underlain by the Gardiners Clay, which forms a confining unit overlaying the Magothy Aquifer. The Magothy and Lloyd Aquifers are separated by an unnamed clay member of the Cretaceous Raritan Formation. Due to the relatively shallow bedrock, only the Upper Glacial Aquifer is found in the Queens West area. This aquifer is widely contaminated and is generally not used as a source of potable water (AKRF 2008).

Previous studies in the Queens West area indicate that groundwater flows in a westerly to southwesterly direction toward the East River, and is tidally influenced at locations near the river. Groundwater was encountered at approximately 6 to 9 feet below the surface in borings and test pits on or adjacent to Parcel 11 (AKRF 2008).

9 NATURE AND EXTENT (CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS) 9.1 Soil Soil Investigations Yes No Bank Samples Yes No Not Applicable Soil-Vapor Investigations Yes No

9.1.1 Soil Investigations Soil and groundwater sampling in or adjacent to Parcel 11 occurred from 1985 to 1986, 1989, and 1994. The first two rounds of sampling were performed as part of an overall assessment of the subsurface conditions throughout the Queens West Development Area (AKRF 1990). In 1985, two monitoring wells were installed (MW8, MW9), though logs for these borings are not available. The 1989 sampling program included two soil borings (B39, B34) collected continuously from the ground surface to approximately 6 to 8 feet below grade and two

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combination soil boring/monitoring wells (B/MW36, B/MW38). The 1994 investigation included four soil borings (B5A, B8A, B9A, B17A) and one combination soil boring/monitoring well (B/MW14A). 22 test borings were performed between August and September of 2000, and 8 test borings were performed in March 1997. The majority of borings were advanced 10 feet into bedrock, with core sections generally ranging from 5 to 10 feet into the bedrock, and as deep as 40 feet into the bedrock at three locations (B-2, B-3 and B-6).

Pre-construction soil sampling was conducted in 2000, and included excavation of 17 test pits (locations 11, and 13 through 28), and 11 soil borings (locations 1 through 10 and 12) to locate potential contamination in areas of proposed deeper excavation for the building construction. Each test pit/boring was advanced to the maximum depth of the proposed excavation required at that particular location. All borings and well locations are shown in Attachment 2.

Surface and subsurface samples were collected as part of the site characterization efforts in 1985, 1989, 1994, and 2000, as summarized in the table below:

Year Sample IDs Analyses Performed S023 TPH S025 PCBs 1985 S029 EP toxicity (metals and pesticides) MW8 (10-13) Reactivity MW9 (8-13) B34 (0-2) B34(4-6) B/MW36 (0-2) VOCs (8240) B/MW36 (2-4) ABN SVOCs (8270) 1989 B/MW36 (Grab) PCBs (8080) B/MW38 (0-2) Metals (7000/200 series) B/MW38 (2-4) EP Toxicity - Metals B39 (0-2) B39 (2-4) B5A-1 (2-4) B8A-1 (6-8) VOCs1 1994 B9A-1 (8-10) ABN SVOCs (8270) B11A-1 (8-10) 1994 PCBs (8082) B14A-1 (10-12)

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B17A-1 (8-10)

TCLP - VOCs, SVOCs, Pesticide, Herbicides, Metals B16A-1 (Comp) Reactivity, Ignitibility, Corrosivity VOCs (8260) 12 (10-12) ABN SVOCs (8270) 21 (10-12) 2000 PCBs (8082) 24 (7.5-8) TCLP - Metals 26 (7.5-8) Reactivity, Ignitibility, Corrosivity

Notes: 1 – Laboratory method not available. ABN – acid, bases, and neutral EP – extraction procedure PCB – polychlorinated biphenyl SVOCs - semi-volatile organic compounds TCLP – toxicity characteristic leaching procedure TPH - total petroleum hydrocarbons VOCs - volatile organic compounds

Elevated concentrations of PAHs and metals were detected in samples collected from the fill material throughout the site and adjacent roadways. Metals concentrations were generally less than ten times the United States Eastern Background ranges listed in NYSDEC Technical and Administrative Guidance Memorandum (TAGM) 4046. Analyte concentrations in exceedance of NYSDEC Technical and Administrative Guidance Memorandum (TAGM) 4046’s Recommended Soil Cleanup Objectives (RSCOs) are given in the table below. Minimum concentrations are represented as less than RSCO concentrations, except metal concentrations, which are represented as minimum Eastern US Background concentrations.

Minimum Soil Maximum Soil Analyte Units Concentration Concentration Surface (0 to 2 feet) Total PCBs mg/kg <1 4.2 Methylene chloride mg/kg <0.1 0.12 Arsenic mg/kg <3 20.0 Calcium mg/kg <130 103,700 Copper mg/kg <1 559 Total Mercury mg/kg <0.001 0.897

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Minimum Soil Maximum Soil Analyte Units Concentration Concentration Zinc mg/kg <9 2,090 Subsurface (6-10 feet below grade) Acetone mg/kg <0.2 0.750 Benzene mg/kg <0.06 0.470 2-Methylnapthalene mg/kg <36.4 138 2-Methylphenol mg/kg <0.1 30.1 Acenaphthene mg/kg <50 213 Anthracene mg/kg <50 582 Benzo(a)anthracene mg/kg <0.224 696 Benzo(a)pyrene mg/kg <0.061 455 Benzo(b)fluoranthene mg/kg <1.1 420 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene mg/kg <50 232 Benzo(k)fluroanthene mg/kg <1.1 242 Chrysene mg/kg <0.4 618 Dibenzo(a,h,)anthracene mg/kg <0.014 138 Dibenzofuran mg/kg <6.2 6.66 Di-n-butylphthalate mg/kg <8.1 70.7 Fluoranthene mg/kg <50 995 Fluorene mg/kg <50 235 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene mg/kg <3.2 208 Methylene chloride mg/kg <0.1 0.110 Naphthalene mg/kg <13 391 Phenanthrene mg/kg <50 966 Phenol mg/kg <0.03 57.3 Pyrene mg/kg <50 1100 Total SVOC’s mg/kg <500 7,959.15 Subsurface (10-12 feet below grade) Benzo(a)anthracene mg/kg <0.224 6.5 Benzo(a)pyrene mg/kg <0.061 11 Benzo(b)fluoranthene mg/kg <1.1 15 Chrysene mg/kg <0.4 7 Chrysene mg/kg <0.4 9.1 Dibenzo(a,h,)anthracene mg/kg <0.014 2.5 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene mg/kg <3.2 14 Naphthalene mg/kg <13 22

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Minimum Soil Maximum Soil Analyte Units Concentration Concentration Total xylenes mg/kg <1.2 1.4

Notes: mg/kg – milligrams per kilogram PCB – polychlorinated biphenyl SVOCs - semi-volatile organic compounds

Detected concentrations of individual PAHs ranged from 0.19 ppm to 24.3 ppm. The presence of phenolic compounds and higher PAH concentrations in boring B/MW36 was attributed to a tar-like material that was observed in the central portion of the site (AKRF 2008). All samples, excluding the tar-like sample from B/MW-36, contained total semivolatile organic compound (SVOC) concentrations below 500 ppm. Slightly elevated VOC concentrations were detected in soil samples throughout the site and adjacent roadways; however, concentrations were generally below TAGM 4046 RSCOs, with the exception of the samples listed in the table above. The elevated VOC concentrations in B/MW36 are attributable to the tar-like material observed in this boring. Concentrations of PCBs less than 1 ppm were detected in subsurface soils (AKRF 2008).

9.1.2 Soil Summary The primary area of concern at the site is the shallow fill material, spanning from the ground surface to approximately 14 feet below grade, which was found to contain elevated levels of PAHs, and total arsenic, copper, mercury, and zinc (exceeding United States Eastern background levels). A secondary area of concern consists of portions of the fill material near the water table (approximately 6 to 9 feet below grade) exhibiting higher levels of PAHs and/or other evidence of petroleum-related contamination (e.g. odors), including an isolated area near the center of the site (MW36), which contained elevated levels of VOCs and phenolic compounds associated with tar-like material (AKRF 2008).

9.2 Groundwater Groundwater Investigations Yes No NAPL Presence (Historical & Current) Yes No Dissolved COPC Plumes Yes No Visual Seep Sample Data Yes No Not Applicable

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9.2.1 Groundwater Investigations Groundwater samples were collected as part of the site characterization efforts in 1985, 1989, 1994, and 2000, as summarized in the table below:

Year Sample IDs Analyses Performed VOCs, (624) ABN SVOCs (625) MW8 Total Phenols (420.1) 1985 MW9 Total Metals (200 series) PCBs/Pesticides (608/625) Cyanide (335.1) VOCs (624) MW9 ABN SVOCs (625) 1989 MW36 Total and Dissolved Metals MW38 (200/7000 series) TPH (418) VOCs1 1994 MW-B13A 1 Total and Dissolved Metals

Notes: 1 – Laboratory method not available. ABN – acid, bases, and neutral PCB – polychlorinated biphenyl SVOCs - semi-volatile organic compounds TPH - total petroleum hydrocarbons VOCs - volatile organic compounds

Analyte concentrations in exceedance of NYSDEC Class GA Groundwater Ambient Water Quality Values (AWQVs) are given in the table below. Minimum concentrations are represented as less than AWQV concentrations.

Minimum Maximum Analyte Units Groundwater Groundwater Concentration Concentration Metals Antimony ppb <3 9.24 J Arsenic ppb <25 510 Beryllium ppb <3 21 Cadmium ppb <5 65 Chromium ppb <50 1675

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Minimum Maximum Analyte Units Groundwater Groundwater Concentration Concentration Copper ppb <200 4760 Iron ppb <25 64300 Iron (dissolved) ppb <300 969 Lead ppb <25 10760 Lead (dissolved) ppb <24 38.3 Magnesium ppb <35000 161000 Magnesium (dissolved) ppb <35000 160000 Manganese ppb <300 8150 Manganese (dissolved) ppb <300 7130 Nickel ppb <100 2229 Selenium ppb <10 255 Silver ppb <50 56 Sodium ppb <20000 1070000 Sodium (dissolved) ppb <20000 1080000 Thallium ppb <0.5 2.31 J Thallium (dissolved) ppb <0.5 2.76 J Total Mercury ppb <0.7 106 Zinc ppb <2000 6700 SVOCs 2,4-Dimethylphenol ppb <1 19 2-Methylphenol ppb <1 20 4-Methylphenol ppb <1 57 Acenaphthene ppb <20 71 Anthracene ppb <50 71 Benzene ppb <1 6.5 J Benzo(a)anthracene ppb <0.002 86 Benzo(a)pyrene ppb ND 61 Benzo(b)fluoranthene ppb <0.002 55 Benzo(k)fluoranthene ppb <0.002 46 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate ppb <5 460 Chrysene ppb <0.002 80 Fluorene ppb <50 81 Fluroanthene ppb <50 150 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene ppb <0.002 26 m-Xylene ppb <5 6.7

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Minimum Maximum Analyte Units Groundwater Groundwater Concentration Concentration Naphthalene ppb <10 62 Phenanthrene ppb <50 140 Phenol (total) ppb <1 470 Pyrene ppb <50 150 Toluene ppb <5 24 J Trichloroethene ppb <5 11

Notes: J – Result is an estimated value below the reporting limit or a tentatively identified. ND – not detected ppb – parts per billion

During the 1989 sampling event, elevated VOC and SVOC concentrations were detected in groundwater samples from MW36, located in the central portion of Parcel 11, and MW38, located across Center Boulevard from the northwestern corner of the site (see Attachment 2). Both wells contained benzene, toluene, and PAHs at concentrations exceeding the NYSDEC Class GA Ambient Water Quality Standards/Guidance Values (AWQVs), and MW36 also contained xylenes, trichloroethene, and phenolic compounds at concentrations exceeding the AWQVs. The groundwater contamination identified at MW36 was attributed to tar-like material that was observed during installation of this well; whereas the contamination in MW38 was attributable to on-site contamination and off-site contamination documented to the north of Parcel 11(AKRF Engineering 1998). Subsequent sampling of MW9 in 1989 and MW-B13A in 1994 did not detect elevated levels of VOCs or SVOCs in these wells. Concentrations of several metals above the AWQVs were detected in unfiltered samples from both on-site and off-site monitoring wells. Filtered samples from MW36, MW38, MW9, and MW-B13A contained iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, sodium, and thallium at concentrations exceeding the AWQVs. These dissolved concentrations were attributed to naturally occurring metals in the bedrock, potential tidal influence from the East River, and/or leaching of contaminants from fill material both on-site and off-site (AKRF Engineering 1998).

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9.2.2 Groundwater Summary Elevated VOC and SVOC levels found on-site were attributed to tar-like material that was observed during well installation or off-site contamination to the north. Subsequent sampling in 1989 and in 1994 did not detect elevated levels of VOCs or SVOCs. Filtered samples from on-site monitoring wells contained iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, sodium, and thallium at concentrations exceeding the AWQVs. These dissolved concentrations were attributed to naturally occurring metals in the bedrock, potential tidal influence from the East River, and/or leaching of contaminants from fill material both on-site and off-site (AKRF Engineering 1998).

9.3 Surface Water Surface Water Investigation Yes No SPDES Permit (Current or Past) Yes No Industrial Waste Discharge Permit (Current or Past) Yes No Stormwater Data Yes No Catch Basin Solids Data Yes No Wastewater Data Yes No

This site is within the Bowery Bay Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) sewershed, resting on the border between areas of direct drainage along the shoreline and a combined municipal sewer system (NYCDEP 2007). Based on the site topography and improved infrastructure, stormwater at the site is expected to drain directly to the East River or flow into a combined sewer system. Wastewater discharges from the site flow into a combined sewer system. When the combined flows exceed the system’s capacity, untreated combined sewer overflows (CSOs) are discharged to the East River.

9.4 Sediment Creek Sediment Data Yes No Not Applicable

The site is not adjacent to Newtown Creek and information related to sediment investigations was not found in reviewed documents.

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9.5 Air Air Permit Yes No Air Data Yes No

Information related to air emissions from the site was not found in reviewed documents.

10 REMEDIATION HISTORY (INTERIM REMEDIAL MEASURES AND OTHER CLEANUPS) A Remediation Work Plan (RWP) for Parcel 11 was submitted to the NYSDEC in August 1998.

Pre-construction sampling conducted in June 2000 at locations requiring deeper excavation (e.g., along the subway tunnel and at the proposed elevator pit/utility vaults) indicated that elevated levels of PAHs and field evidence of contamination were at depths of 8 feet below grade or greater in these areas. AKRF monitored the deeper excavation of the pit between March 3 and 7, 2001, and directed the excavation contractor to segregate all soil excavated from deeper than 8 feet below grade and stockpile it on-site for waste characterization. Approximately 60 cubic yards of soil were generated during these activities. One composite sample was collected from the stockpiled soil and analyzed for leachable VOCs and SVOCs. The results indicated that all VOC and SVOC concentrations were below the Spill Technology and Remediation Series (STARS) Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) Extraction Guidance Values issued by NYSDEC. The tabulated TCLP Extraction Guidance Values are equal to the NYSDEC groundwater standards or the New York State Department of Health drinking water standards, whichever is more stringent (NYSDEC 1992). Therefore, the excavated soil was used on-site as fill under the building slab, as specified in the RWP. All remaining soil was left in place under the site cover system.

The Remedial Action performed under the RWP was completed in February 2001 and has made the site protective of human health and the environment to standards consistent with the end use (AKRF 2008). All contaminated soils were capped by 2 feet of clean soil, slab, and foundations, and concrete covered sidewalks. Long-term management will be

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performed under the Site Management Plan (SMP). The site is not qualified to be listed in the Registry of Inactive Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites in New York State (Walsh 2008).

A site-wide inspection was conducted on December 28, 2009, as specified in the SMP to ensure that all aspects of the remedy were in-place and effective. The most recent Institutional and Engineering Controls Certification Form indicates that all institutional and engineering controls at the site remain in place and effective (ATC 2010; NYSDEC 2010).

11 BIBLIOGRAPHY/INFORMATION SOURCES AKRF (Allee King Rosen and Fleming, Inc.), 1990. Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume V, Appendix F. Hunters Point Waterfront Development Project. Prepared for New York State Urban Development Corporation. June 1990.

AKRF, Inc., 2000. Preconstruction Soil Sampling Program. Queens West Site 11. Prepared for Avalon Bay Communities, Inc. September 2000.

AKRF, Inc., 2003. Interim Remediation Report. Queens West Site 11, Voluntary Cleanup Agreement V00194. Prepared for AvalonBay Communities, Inc. May 2003.

AKRF, Inc., 2008. Final Engineering Report. Parcel 11, Queens West Development, Tax Block 17, Lot Nos. 21 and 28. Prepared for AvalonBay Communities. March 2008.

AKRF Engineering (Allee King Rosen and Fleming Engineering, P.C.), 1998. Remediation Work Plan. Parcel 11, Queens West Development. Prepared for Queens West Development Corporation. August 1998.

ATC (ATC Associates, Inc.), 2010. 2009 Periodic Review Report and Annual Certification. Prepared for AvalonBay Communities, August 2010.

Chamber of Commerce (Chamber of Commerce, Borough of Queens), 1969. Queensborough, Membership Directory. Volume 55. June and July 1969.

Hazen and Sawyer, 1959. Water Pollution Control Board Form. Crown Oil Chem Co. June 8, 1959.

NYCDCP ( Department of City Planning), 2012. Zoning Districts. Accessed December 9, 2012. Available from: http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/zone/zh_manudistricts.shtml

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Queens West (Hunter’s Point) Parcel 11

NYCDEP, 2007. Landside Modeling Report, Sewershed Characteristics and Model Calibration. City-Wide Long Term CSO Control Planning Project. Newtown Creek WPCP Service Area. Draft. New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Engineering Design and Construction. July 2007.

NYSDEC (New York Department of Environmental Conservation), 1992. Spill Technology and Remediation Series (STARS) #1, Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Guidance Policy. August, 1992. Available from: http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/remediation_hudson_pdf/pr6star1.pdf

NYSDEC, 2010. Site Management Periodic Review Report Notice, Institutional and Engineering Controls Certification Form. Queens West (Hunter’s Point) Parcel 11. Site No. V00194B. August 10, 2010.

Queenswest.com, 2011. Riverview North. Accessed December 27, 2011. Available from: http://www.queenswest.com/maps/condos_coops/riverview-north

Queenswest.org, 2011. About Queens West and History: The Gantries. Accessed December 27, 2011. Available from: http://queenswest.org

Sanborn (Sanborn Map Company), 1898. Insurance Maps of the Borough of Queens, City of New York. Volume 1: Sheet 10. Original 1898, revised 1903.

Walsh (NYSDEC), 2008. Memorandum to: Deborah Christian, State Super Fund and Brownfield Bureau. Regarding: Technical Satisfactory Completion Memorandum: Project Completion and Recommendation to Issue Release, Volunteer Cleanup Site – Queens West Development Stage 1 Parcel 11, VCP Site No. V00194 B. March 20, 2008.

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12 ATTACHMENTS Figures Figure 1 Site Vicinity Map: Queens West (Hunters Point) Parcel 11

Tables Table 1 Potential Areas of Concern and Transport Pathways Assessment

Supplemental Attachments Attachment 1 Figure 4. Site Development and Composite Site Cover (AKRF 2008) Attachment 2 Figure 3. Site Plan and Sampling Locations (AKRF 2008) Attachment 3 Figure 6. Geological Cross Section A-A’ (AKRF 2008)

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Table 1 Potential Areas of Concern and Transport Pathways Assessment – Queens West (Hunter’s Point) Parcel 11

Potential Areas of Concern Media Impacted COPCs Potential Complete Pathway TPH VOCs

– –

s

Range

Range - Range –

–

Basin Solids

Description of Areas of Concern Surface Soil Subsurface Soil Groundwater Catch Creek Sediment Gasoline Diesel Heavier Related Petroleum (e.g., BTEX) VOCs Chlorinated VOCs SVOCs PAHs Phthalates Phenolics Metals PCBs Herbicides and Pesticides Dioxins/Furans Overland Transport Groundwater Direct Discharge Overwater Direct Discharge Storm/Wastewater Discharge to Sewer/CSO Erosion Bank Air Release Contaminated Fill Material √ √ √ ? -- ? ? ? √ √ ? √ √ ? √ √ √ ? ? -- ? ------? Former Railroad Operations √ √ √ √ -- ? ? ? √ √ ? √ √ ? ? √ √ ? ? -- ? ------?

Notes: √ – COPCs are/were present in areas of concern having a current or historical pathway that is determined to be complete or potentially complete. ? – There is not enough information to determine if COPC is/was present in area of concern or if pathway is complete. -- – Current or historical pathway has been investigated and shown to be not present or incomplete.

BTEX – benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes COPC – constituents of potential concern CSO – combined sewer overflows PAH – polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PCB – polychlorinated biphenyl SVOC – semi-volatile organic compounds TPH – total petroleum hydrocarbons VOC – volatile organic compounds

Draft Upland Site Summary Report May 2012 Newtown Creek RI/FS 21 120782-01.01 10

5

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S A V T 4 9

V

A

N N

O

S V K E C R A N J O 0 N

B

L

V

D

Queens West TBTA Queens (Hunter's(Hunter's Point)Point) 5 Midtown Tunnel Parcel 11 A V A V Parcel 11 5 0 5 1

10

C E N B T E L R V D

A V E N U N R D T B O W N 2 T O I D S M S T N E E Q U V A 3 5

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Q U E E N S M I D T O W 5 N T U V N A (! !. 4 (! 5 (! !. (! Q:\Jobs\110782-01_NewTownCreek\Maps\RI_RemedialInvestigation\Historic_Data_Research\Site Features Mapbook.mxd ckiblinger 5/23/2012 6:04:40 PM Q:\Jobs\110782-01_NewTownCreek\Maps\RI_RemedialInvestigation\Historic_Data_Research\Site (! NOTES: !. .! USEPA Sample Locations (Surface and Subsurface) Outfall Class 1. Outfall Labeling: BB: Bowery Bay; NC(B/Q): Newtown Creek, Brooklyn/Queens; ST: Stormwater. !. 2. Outfall locations are preliminary, compiled, estimated data based on New York City Department of Shoreline (NYC Dept. of Information Technology, 2006) (! Direct Discharge Environmental Protection (NYCDEP) maps and tabulated data and other resources. Many outfall locations (! were taken from the New York City Shoreline Survey Program: Newtown Creek Water Pollution Control Plant USGS Nat'l Elev. Dataset 5-foot Contours (! General Drainage Area, NYCDEP, March 31, 2003. Other locations were taken from an excerpt from a similar report NEWTOWN (! from 2008 (the complete report was not included in files available for review). Finally, some outfall locations CREEK Selected Site Property Boundary Highway Drain were inherited from previous Anchor QEA and Newtown Creek Project work. Latitudinal and longitudinal data provided in the 2003 and 2008 NYCDEP reports were rounded to the nearest second. This resulted in (! EAST Neighboring Site Property Boundary Major Stormwater Outfall [ RIVER potential outfall location discrepancies of up to approximately 200 feet. All outfall locations are currently ! under field verification. Feet ( SPDES 3. Aerial Photos: New York State Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services, 2010. 4. Site Boundaries are based on New York City parcels data. 0 100 200 300 400 (! Storm Drain 5. Coarse topographic contours are derived from U.S. Geological Survey 10-meter data. HUDSON !. RIVER

(! Figure 1 Site Vicinty Map Draft Upland Site Summary: Queens West (Hunter's Point) Parcel 11 DRAFT Newtown Creek RI/FS

SUPPLEMENTAL ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1 Attachment 2 Attachment 3