Ofloxacin Compared with Chloramphenicol in the Br J Ophthalmol: First Published As 10.1136/Bjo.75.11.675 on 1 November 1991
BritishJournal ofOphthalmology, 1991,75,675-679 675 Ofloxacin compared with chloramphenicol in the Br J Ophthalmol: first published as 10.1136/bjo.75.11.675 on 1 November 1991. Downloaded from management of external ocular infection A J Bron, G Leber, S N M Rizk, H Baig, A R Elkington, G R Kirkby, C Neoh, A Harden, T Leong Abstract agent against external ocular infections.6 The safety and efficacy of 0*3% ofloxacin in Ofloxacin is exceptionally potent against a wide treating bacterial ocular infections was com- range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pared with that of 05% chloramphenicol in a bacteria and obligate anaerobes.78 It is effective parallel-group, randomised clinical trial at five in vitro against many organisms that cause ocular sites. Clinical and microbiological improve- infections (Table 1), for example Haemophilus ment rates were studied in 84 culture-positive influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus patients. Patients with suspected bacterial species and Streptococcus species.90 Ofloxacin ocular infections were evaluated for clinical also acts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa," which improvement and were included in drug safety is associated with ocular infections that are and comfort analyses. Clinical improvement especially serious and difficult to treat. did not differ significantly between drug treat- Quinolones are bactericidal in mode ofaction; ments. All patients completing the study (79 they specifically inhibit the bacterial DNA assigned ofloxacin, and 74 chloramphenicol) gyrase supercoiling function required by showed clinical improvement. Clinical bacterial, but not eukaryotic cells.'2 In vivo, improvement in the culture-positive groups ofloxacin performs better than other fluoro- was 100% (41/41) after ofloxacin treatment, quinolones with similar in vitro MIC90 values and 95% (41/43) after chloramphenicol treat- (minimum concentration that inhibits 90% of ment.
[Show full text]