Executive Committee Meeting of April 28, 2006
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Principles of Economics Textbook
The Principles of Economics Textbook: An Analysis of Its Past, Present & Future by Vitali Bourchtein An honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science Undergraduate College Leonard N. Stern School of Business New York University May 2011 Professor Marti G. Subrahmanyam Professor Simon Bowmaker Faculty Advisor Thesis Advisor Bourchtein 1 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................4 Thank You .......................................................................................................................................4 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................5 Summary ..........................................................................................................................................5 Part I: Literature Review ..................................................................................................................6 David Colander – What Economists Do and What Economists Teach .......................................6 David Colander – The Art of Teaching Economics .....................................................................8 David Colander – What We Taught and What We Did: The Evolution of US Economic Textbooks (1830-1930) ..............................................................................................................10 -
Ten Nobel Laureates Say the Bush
Hundreds of economists across the nation agree. Henry Aaron, The Brookings Institution; Katharine Abraham, University of Maryland; Frank Ackerman, Global Development and Environment Institute; William James Adams, University of Michigan; Earl W. Adams, Allegheny College; Irma Adelman, University of California – Berkeley; Moshe Adler, Fiscal Policy Institute; Behrooz Afraslabi, Allegheny College; Randy Albelda, University of Massachusetts – Boston; Polly R. Allen, University of Connecticut; Gar Alperovitz, University of Maryland; Alice H. Amsden, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Robert M. Anderson, University of California; Ralph Andreano, University of Wisconsin; Laura M. Argys, University of Colorado – Denver; Robert K. Arnold, Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy; David Arsen, Michigan State University; Michael Ash, University of Massachusetts – Amherst; Alice Audie-Figueroa, International Union, UAW; Robert L. Axtell, The Brookings Institution; M.V. Lee Badgett, University of Massachusetts – Amherst; Ron Baiman, University of Illinois – Chicago; Dean Baker, Center for Economic and Policy Research; Drucilla K. Barker, Hollins University; David Barkin, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana – Unidad Xochimilco; William A. Barnett, University of Kansas and Washington University; Timothy J. Bartik, Upjohn Institute; Bradley W. Bateman, Grinnell College; Francis M. Bator, Harvard University Kennedy School of Government; Sandy Baum, Skidmore College; William J. Baumol, New York University; Randolph T. Beard, Auburn University; Michael Behr; Michael H. Belzer, Wayne State University; Arthur Benavie, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill; Peter Berg, Michigan State University; Alexandra Bernasek, Colorado State University; Michael A. Bernstein, University of California – San Diego; Jared Bernstein, Economic Policy Institute; Rari Bhandari, University of California – Berkeley; Melissa Binder, University of New Mexico; Peter Birckmayer, SUNY – Empire State College; L. -
Flat Tax: an Overview of the Hall-Rabushka Proposal
. Flat Tax: An Overview of the Hall-Rabushka Proposal James M. Bickley Specialist in Public Finance November 29, 2011 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-529 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress c11173008 . Flat Tax: An Overview of the Hall-Rabushka Proposal Summary The President and leading Members of Congress have stated that fundamental tax reform is a major policy objective for the 112th Congress. The concept of replacing individual and corporate income taxes and estate and gift taxes with a flat rate consumption tax is one option to reform the U.S. tax system. The term “flat tax” is often associated with a proposal formulated by Robert E. Hall and Alvin Rabushka (H-R), two senior fellows at the Hoover Institution. In the 112th Congress, two bills have been introduced that included a flat tax based on the concepts of Hall- Rabushka: the Freedom Flat Tax Act (H.R. 1040) and the Simplified, Manageable, and Responsible Tax Act (S. 820). In addition, Republican presidential candidate Herman Cain has proposed a tax reform plan that includes a modified H-R flat tax. This report analyzes the Hall- Rabushka flat tax concept. Although the current tax structure is referred to as an income tax, it actually contains elements of both an income and a consumption-based tax. A consumption base is neither inherently superior nor inherently inferior to an income base. The combined individual and business taxes proposed by H-R can be viewed as a modified value- added tax (VAT). The individual wage tax would be imposed on wages (and salaries) and pension receipts. -
A Macroeconomic Approach to Optimal Unemployment Insurance: Applications†
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2018, 10(2): 182–216 https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20160462 A Macroeconomic Approach to Optimal Unemployment Insurance: Applications† By Camille Landais, Pascal Michaillat, and Emmanuel Saez* In the United States, unemployment insurance UI is more generous when unemployment is high. This paper examines( ) whether this pol- icy is desirable. The optimal UI replacement rate is the Baily-Chetty replacement rate plus a correction term measuring the effect of UI on welfare through labor market tightness. Empirical evidence suggests that tightness is inefficiently low in slumps and inefficiently high in booms, and that an increase in UI raises tightness. Hence, the cor- rection term is positive in slumps but negative in booms, and optimal UI is indeed countercyclical. Since there remains some uncertainty about the empirical evidence, the paper provides a thorough sensi- tivity analysis. JEL E24, E32, J64, J65 ( ) n the United States, unemployment insurance UI is more generous when ( ) Iunemployment is high. This policy started as an exceptional measure after the 1957–1958 recession and became a permanent program in 1970. Despite its long history, the policy remains debated. This paper examines whether the policy is desir- able from a welfare perspective. We conduct the welfare analysis in a matching model. We extend the static model from a companion paper Landais, Michaillat, and Saez 2018 into a dynamic model ( ) better suited for quantitative applications Section I . The model features most ( ) effects discussed in the policy debate: the effects of UI on job search, on wages, on job vacancies, and on aggregate unemployment.1 The optimal generosity of UI is given by a sufficient-statistic formula: the optimal replacement rate equals the Baily-Chetty replacement rate, a well-researched entity, plus a correction term mea- suring the effect of UI on social welfare through labor market tightness. -
CURRICULUM VITAE August, 2015
CURRICULUM VITAE August, 2015 Robert James Shiller Current Position Sterling Professor of Economics Yale University Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics P.O. Box 208281 New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8281 Delivery Address Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics 30 Hillhouse Avenue, Room 11a New Haven, CT 06520 Home Address 201 Everit Street New Haven, CT 06511 Telephone 203-432-3708 Office 203-432-6167 Fax 203-787-2182 Home [email protected] E-mail http://www.econ.yale.edu/~shiller Home Page Date of Birth March 29, 1946, Detroit, Michigan Marital Status Married, two grown children Education 1967 B.A. University of Michigan 1968 S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1972 Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Employment Sterling Professor of Economics, Yale University, 2013- Arthur M. Okun Professor of Economics, Yale University 2008-13 Stanley B. Resor Professor of Economics Yale University 1989-2008 Professor of Economics, Yale University, 1982-, with joint appointment with Yale School of Management 2006-, Professor Adjunct of Law in semesters starting 2006 Visiting Professor, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1981-82. Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, and Professor of Finance, The Wharton School, 1981-82. Visitor, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Visiting Scholar, Department of Economics, Harvard University, 1980-81. Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 1974-81. 1 Research Fellow, National Bureau of Economic Research, Research Center for Economics and Management Science, Cambridge; and Visiting Scholar, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1974-75. Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Minnesota, 1972-74. -
PETER A. DIAMOND Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, U.S.A
UNEMPLOYMENT, VACANCIES, WAGES1 Prize Lecture, December 8, 2010 by PETER A. DIAMOND Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. We have all visited several stores to check prices and/or to find the right item or the right size. Similarly, it can take time and effort for a worker to find a suitable job with suitable pay and for employers to receive and evaluate applications for job openings. Search theory explores the workings of markets once facts such as these are incorporated into the analysis. Adequate analysis of market frictions needs to consider how reactions to frictions change the overall economic environment: not only do frictions change incentives for buyers and sellers, but the responses to the changed incentives also alter the economic environment for all the participants in the market. Because of these feedback effects, seemingly small frictions can have large effects on outcomes. Equilibrium search theory is the development of basic models to permit analysis of economic outcomes when specific frictions are incorporated into simpler market models. The primary friction addressed by search theory is the need to spend time and effort to learn about opportunities – opportunities to buy or to sell, to hire or to be hired. There are many aspects of a job and of a worker that matter when deciding whether a particular match is worth- while. Such frictions are naturally analyzed in models that consider a process over time – of workers seeking jobs, firms seeking employees, borrowers seeking lenders, and shoppers buying items that are not part of frequent shopping. Search theory models have altered the way we think about markets, how we interpret market data and how we think about government policies. -
Turnover in the Labor Force
ROBERT E. HALL* MassachusettsInstitute of Technology Turnover in the Labor Force EVERY MONTH, AN IMPORTANT FRACTION of the populationmoves from one economicactivity to another:Some are laid off and mustseek work, or they quit to take newjobs; young people leave school and look for work; workersleave the labor force becauseof disabilityor duties at home. The continualprocess of turnoverseems to be the characteristicof the modern Americaneconomy that distinguishesit from those of other developed countries,where the experienceof individualworkers appears to be much more stableover time. Is high turnoverinevitable in a postindustrialecon- omy?How do the variousdemographic groups in the laborforce differ with respectto turnover?What is the relationbetween turnover and unemploy- ment?What are the social benefitsand costs of turnoverand unemploy- ment?These are some of the criticalquestions that I addressin this paper. Any moderntreatment of turnoverand unemploymentmust distinguish betweenthe role of eventsoutside the controlof the individualand the role of his responseto his economicenvironment. Fluctuations in the demand for labor are the most importantexternal source of disturbancesin an in- dividual'scareer, so it is conventionalto distinguishbetween the demand side of the problemand the supplyside. Turnover among jobs wasthe tradi- tional explanationof the frictionalunemployment that exists to some ex- tent in everyeconomy, but until recently,it receivedlittle discussion.Even ten yearsago, economistsconsidered unemployment a simpleshortage of * I am gratefulto Zvi Body, RichardKasten, Meir Kohn, and Steven Shavellfor able assistance.This researchwas supportedby the National Science Foundation. 709 710 Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 3:1972 jobs, withoutasking how the distributionof the laborforce among the jobs changesfrom month to month. The federalgovernment's accidental experimentation with a high-pres- sure economy startingin 1965 broughtabout two importantshifts in the thinkingof economistsabout unemployment. -
Mario Crucini
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Jones, Charles I. Article Life and growth NBER Reporter Provided in Cooperation with: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, Mass. Suggested Citation: Jones, Charles I. (2013) : Life and growth, NBER Reporter, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA, Iss. 2, pp. 17-19 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/103247 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Life and Growth Charles I. Jones* During the twentieth century, life functions — of the kind that economists After all, some new technologies save expectancy in the United States rose use to study asset pricing, the labor-lei- lives — new vaccines, new surgical tech- from less than 50 years to 77 years, sure tradeoff, and macroeconomic fluc- niques, anti-lock brakes, and pollution while average incomes rose by about tuations — already contain a key ingredi- scrubbers. -
ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓ ΡΑΦΙΑ Bibliography
Τεύχος 53, Οκτώβριος-Δεκέμβριος 2019 | Issue 53, October-December 2019 ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓ ΡΑΦΙΑ Bibliography Βραβείο Νόμπελ στην Οικονομική Επιστήμη Nobel Prize in Economics Τα τεύχη δημοσιεύονται στον ιστοχώρο της All issues are published online at the Bank’s website Τράπεζας: address: https://www.bankofgreece.gr/trapeza/kepoe https://www.bankofgreece.gr/en/the- t/h-vivliothhkh-ths-tte/e-ekdoseis-kai- bank/culture/library/e-publications-and- anakoinwseis announcements Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος. Κέντρο Πολιτισμού, Bank of Greece. Centre for Culture, Research and Έρευνας και Τεκμηρίωσης, Τμήμα Documentation, Library Section Βιβλιοθήκης Ελ. Βενιζέλου 21, 102 50 Αθήνα, 21 El. Venizelos Ave., 102 50 Athens, [email protected] Τηλ. 210-3202446, [email protected], Tel. +30-210-3202446, 3202396, 3203129 3202396, 3203129 Βιβλιογραφία, τεύχος 53, Οκτ.-Δεκ. 2019, Bibliography, issue 53, Oct.-Dec. 2019, Nobel Prize Βραβείο Νόμπελ στην Οικονομική Επιστήμη in Economics Συντελεστές: Α. Ναδάλη, Ε. Σεμερτζάκη, Γ. Contributors: A. Nadali, E. Semertzaki, G. Tsouri Τσούρη Βιβλιογραφία, αρ.53 (Οκτ.-Δεκ. 2019), Βραβείο Nobel στην Οικονομική Επιστήμη 1 Bibliography, no. 53, (Oct.-Dec. 2019), Nobel Prize in Economics Πίνακας περιεχομένων Εισαγωγή / Introduction 6 2019: Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer 7 Μονογραφίες / Monographs ................................................................................................... 7 Δοκίμια Εργασίας / Working papers ...................................................................................... -
The Time Series Consumption Function Revisited
ALAN S. BLINDER Brookings Institution and Princeton University ANGUS DEATON Princeton University The Time Series Consumption Function Revisited THERELATIONSHIP between consumer spending and income is one of the oldest statistical regularitiesof macroeconomics-and one of the stur- diest. Like the aging movie star, it needs a little touching up now and again, but always seems to come bouncingback. A dozen yearsago, boththe theoreticalderivation and the econometric form of the aggregateconsumption function were considered settled. Most economists adheredto one of two ways of puttingFisher's theory of intertemporaloptimization into operation: Milton Friedman's per- manent income hypothesis (henceforth, PIH) or Franco Modigliani's life-cycle hypothesis (henceforth,LCH). ' Since each variantseemed to have sound theoretical underpinnings,and since the two had similar econometricforms that explainedthe data well and had similarimplica- tions for policy, there was not a greatdeal to quarrelabout. Perhapsthe most contentious empirical issue was the apparently large marginal This paperhas benefitedfrom the commentsand suggestionsof AlbertAndo, Whitney Newey, and members of the Brookings Panel and from seminar presentationsat the Universityof Warwick,Princeton University, and Johns Hopkins University.We thank Peter Rathjensand Lori Gruninfor researchassistance and the National Science Foun- dationfor financialsupport. 1. Milton Friedman, A Theory of the Consumption Function (Princeton University Press, 1957); Franco Modigliani and Richard Brumberg, -
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Economics Working Paper Series The Rise and Fall of Economic History at MIT Peter Temin Working Paper 13-11 June 5, 2013 Rev: December 9, 2013 Room E52-251 50 Memorial Drive Cambridge, MA 02142 This paper can be downloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network Paper Collection at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2274908 The Rise and Fall of Economic History at MIT Peter Temin MIT Abstract This paper recalls the unity of economics and history at MIT before the Second World War, and their divergence thereafter. Economic history at MIT reached its peak in the 1970s with three teachers of the subject to graduates and undergraduates alike. It declined until economic history vanished both from the faculty and the graduate program around 2010. The cost of this decline to current education and scholarship is suggested at the end of the narrative. Key words: economic history, MIT economics, Kindleberger, Domar, Costa, Acemoglu JEL codes: B250, N12 Author contact: [email protected] 1 The Rise and Fall of Economic History at MIT Peter Temin This paper tells the story of economic history at MIT during the twentieth century, even though roughly half the century precedes the formation of the MIT Economics Department. Economic history was central in the development of economics at the start of the century, but it lost its primary position rapidly after the Second World War, disappearing entirely a decade after the end of the twentieth century. I taught economic history to MIT graduate students in economics for 45 years during this long decline, and my account consequently contains an autobiographical bias. -
1 University of California, Berkeley Fall Semester 2007 Department of Economics Professor George A. Akerlof Professor Maurice O
University of California, Berkeley Fall Semester 2007 Department of Economics Professor George A. Akerlof Professor Maurice Obstfeld ECONOMICS 202A READING LIST Textbook: David Romer, Advanced Macroeconomics, Third Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2005. I. A. Introduction/Overview of Course *George Akerlof, "The Missing Motivation in Macroeconomics," American Economic Review, March 2007, pp. 5-36. B. Introduction/Mathematical Review *Andrew C. Harvey, Time Series Models, Chapter 1, pp. 1-9; Ch. 2, pp. 21-53. David Romer, Third Edition, Chapter 5, "Traditional Keynesian Theories of Fluctuations," Sections 5.1 and 5.3-5.6, pp. 222-231, and 242-270. Maurice Obstfeld, “Dynamic Optimization in Continuous-Time Models (A Guide for the Perplexed),” manuscript, UC Berkeley, April 1992. Available at: http://www.econ.berkeley.edu/~obstfeld/ftp/perplexed/cts4a.pdf II. Equilibrium Concepts *David Romer, Third Edition, Chapter 6, "Microeconomic Foundations of Incomplete Nominal Adjustment," Sections 6.1-6.3, and 6.9-6.10, pp. 271-285, pp. 316-326. *Robert Lucas and Thomas Sargent, "After Keynesian Macroeconomics," from Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, After the Phillips Curve: Persistence of High Inflation and High Unemployment, Conference Series No. 19. *Thomas Sargent, "Rational Expectations, the Real Rate of Interest, and the Natural Rate of Unemployment," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1973:2, pp. 429-472. *John Taylor, "Staggered Wage Setting in a Macro Model," American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, May 1979, pp. 108-113. Stanley Fischer, "Long-Term Contracts, Rational Expectations and the Optimal Money Supply Rate," Journal of Political Economy, February 1977, pp. 191-205. Laurence Ball, "Credible Disinflation with Staggered Price Setting," American Economic Review, March, 1994, pp.