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World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War Off North Carolina’S Coast

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World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War Off North Carolina’S Coast Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast World War I Discovering and Exploring The Great War Educational Product Off the North Carolina Coast Educators Grades 6-12 http://monitor.noaa.gov Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast Acknowledgement This educator guide was developed by NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. This guide is in the public domain and cannot be used for commercial purposes. Permission is hereby granted for the reproduction, without alteration, of this guide on the condition its source is acknowledged. When reproducing this guide or any portion of it, please cite NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary as the source, and provide the following URL for more information: http://monitor.noaa.gov/education. If you have any questions or need additional information, email [email protected]. Cover Photo: A World War I poster depicts the sinking of the RMS Lusitania. Courtesy of the Library of Congress Inside Cover Photo: USS Monitor drawing, Courtesy Joe Hines Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast Monitor National Marine Sanctuary World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War _____________________________________________________________________ An Educator Guide with Activities in Science, Technology, Engineering, Math, and Social Studies Program Overview ...……………………………… 2 Curriculum Outline ……………………..………… 2 Objectives ……………………………….…………. 3 Suggested Implementation Strategy ………….. 3 Careers …………………………………………….. 3 Vocabulary ………………………………………… 4 Resources …………………………………….……. 5 Social Studies Standards ……………….…...….. 7 Common Core Standards ……………………….. 7 National Geography Standards ……………....... 8 National Council of Teachers of English ……... 8 Ocean Literacy Principles ………………………. 8 The National Marine Sanctuary System includes a network of 13 national marine sanctuaries and Papahānaumokuākea and Rose Activities List ……………………………………… 9 Atoll marine national monuments. For more information, visit Activity A: Introduction to NOAA ...………...…. 11 http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov. Activity B: In or Out? ……………………....….… 19 Activity C: Zimmerman Telegram ……………... 29 Activity D: Propaganda …………………………. 39 For additional information about World War I —Discovering and Activity E: Life During the War …...………...…. 45 Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast, contact Activity F: WWI Profiles ………………………… 51 Shannon Ricles at 757-591-7328 or [email protected]. Activity G: U-boats—Mystery of the Mirlo …… 59 Writers: Shannon Ricles, Edward Johnson, and Timothy Jones Editors: Dayna Rignanese and Tracy Hajduk Content Reviewers: Tane Casserley, Joseph Hoyt, and William Sassorossi Graphic Designers: Shannon Ricles and Matt McIntosh Diver photographs Manuela, a merchant ship located off the North Carolina coast. Photo: NOAA http://monitor.noaa.gov/education 1 Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast PROGRAM OVERVIEW This World War I curriculum consists of six activities that introduce students to the Great War. It begins with World War I raging across Europe, while most Americans are expressing a desire to remain isolated and not enter the war. It takes a look at the Zimmerman Telegram and how it propelled President Wilson to declare war on Germany. With public opinion divided, students discover how the government created a campaign using posters and speeches with an emotional plea to persuade Americans to support the war. Life was never the same once World War I began. Students learn how life changed for those fighting the war, as well as those on the home front, and create a scrapbook of memories reflecting on the life of a soldier, mother, factory worker, and a Four Minute man. Next, they create social media posts to look at historical voices through modern technology. Students also analyze primary and secondary sources relating to the sinking of the British tanker SS Mirlo, to learn how Germans used unrestricted submarine warfare to sink Allied vessels. Lastly, students will learn about World War I shipwrecks off North Carolina’s coast and understand how NOAA is working to protect them. Although, this curriculum guide has been designed to be taught as a unit, each lesson in the guide can stand on its own. Specifically, each lesson can be used independently to teach a particular objective, or lessons can be combined in multiple ways to create a plan tailored just for your students. We hope that you find the guide an exciting way to motivate your students in learning about World War I and the impacts off North Carolina. Through varied activities, your students explore the various science, technology, engineering, math, and social studies (STEMS) concepts associated with World War I and maritime heritage. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions, and we always welcome your feedback. Curriculum Outline A. Introduction to NOAA Introduction to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of National Marine Sanctuaries ONMS), Maritime Heritage Program (MHP), and Monitor National Marine Sanctuary (MNMS). B. In or Out? Debating Entrance into the Great War Using primary source documents, students debate the United States’ entry into World War I. C. The Zimmerman Telegram After learning the causes of World War I, students discover how the Zimmerman Telegram propelled the U.S. into war. D. Propaganda: Posters with a Purpose Students examine and evaluate Word War I propaganda posters. E. Life During the War: A Scrapbook of Memories Life was forever changed after the U.S. entered World War I, and students explore life as either a soldier, mother, factory worker, or Four Minute man. F. WWI Profiles: Historical Voices in Modern Technology Using social media platforms, students create a social media profile on various historical figures from World War I. G. The Mystery of the Mirlo: Interpreting Primary Sources Germany used unrestricted submarine warfare tactics in 1915 and then began again in February 1917. Students learn how German U-boats patrolled the waters off the East Coast and explore primary and secondary source documents to determine how a British tanker, SS Mirlo, sank on August 16, 1918. http://monitor.noaa.gov/education 2 Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast Objectives Careers Throughout the unit, students will: Attorney for maritime Examine NOAA and our nation’s National Marine Sanctuary System or cultural resource law Understand the historical significance of shipwrecks and their connection to Collection curator our past Conservator Recognize the importance of maritime archaeology in exploring our nation’s Educator history Engineer Historic architects Analyze primary source documents to understand and defend the American Historian debate on entering World War I or staying neutral Laboratory researcher Examine causes of the United States’ involvement in World War I Laboratory technician Demonstrate the value of military intelligence practices, such as code Maritime archaeologist breaking Merchant seaman Analyze and create propaganda posters for bias and symbolism Museum curator Explain and illustrate the reasons why the United States joined the Allied Planner Powers Policy analyst Examine primary and secondary sources to create historical thinking Vessel captain Analyze governmental and institutional influences on individuals during World ROV pilot War I Sonar tech SCUBA diver Conduct research on historical figures by identifying and utilizing reliable SCUBA instructor online databases and information sources Submersible pilot Construct a social media profile and timeline for a historical figure by synthesizing biographical information and events Compare and contrast the experiences of different individuals during World War I Dramatize and write about a historical figure Analyze primary and secondary sources for reliability and bias to determine a greater understanding of historical events. Consider how unrestricted submarine warfare impacted American’s daily life Learn about the U.S. Life-Saving Service Discover how and when World War I came to America’s shores Investigate the sinking of the Mirlo Assess the role of emerging technology during World War I Divers ascend to the surface. Understand the importance of merchant ships carrying war supplies to Britain Photo: NOAA, Monitor NMS and Russia Examine the effect of German U-boats on Allied shipping Explore sunken World War I shipwrecks off North Carolina’s coast Discover careers in science Suggested implementation strategy 1. Review the suggested curriculum outline on page 2. 2. Review the various activities of this guide and determine which activities work best for your students. 3. Review additional web and book resources for appropriate supplemental material. 4. Once ready to begin, give the students an overview of the unit and/or activity and introduce students to NOAA, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Maritime Heritage Program, and Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. 5. Have students complete selected activities from the desired sections of the guide. http://monitor.noaa.gov/education 3 Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: World War I — Discovering and Exploring the Great War off North Carolina’s Coast Vocabulary
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