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SMS, EMS and MMS 2Nd MOBILE MESSAGING TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES SMS, EMS and MMS Second Edition Gwenae¨l Le Bodic Vodafone MOBILE MESSAGING TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES MOBILE MESSAGING TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES SMS, EMS and MMS Second Edition Gwenae¨l Le Bodic Vodafone Copyright # 2005 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected] Visit our Home Page on www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to [email protected], or faxed to (+44) 1243 770620. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The Publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley Editorial Offices John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA Jossey-Bass, 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741, USA Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr. 12, D-69469 Weinheim, Germany John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, 33 Park Road, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01, Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809 John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 22 Worcester Road, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada M9W 1L1 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-470-01143-2 Typeset in 10/12pt Times by Thomson Press (India) Limited, New Delhi. Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire. This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production. Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send Jonathan B. Postel RFC-1122 (originates in RFC-760) Contents Preface ........................................................ xv About the Author ................................................xvii Typographic Conventions ..........................................xix 1 Basic Concepts ............................................... 1 1.1 Generations of Mobile Communications Networks .................. 1 1.2 Telecommunications Context: Standardization and Regulation .......... 2 1.3 Global System for Mobile Communication........................ 3 1.3.1 Cellular Concept ................................... 3 1.3.2 GSM Architecture .................................. 4 1.3.3 Mobile Station..................................... 4 1.3.4 Base Transceiver Station ............................. 6 1.3.5 Base Station Controller .............................. 7 1.3.6 Mobile Switching Center and Visitor Location Register ........ 7 1.3.7 Home Location Register .............................. 7 1.4 General Packet Radio Service ................................. 7 1.4.1 GPRS Architecture.................................. 9 1.4.2 Serving GPRS Support Node........................... 9 1.4.3 Gateway GPRS Support Node .......................... 9 1.5 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ..................... 9 1.5.1 3G Services....................................... 11 1.5.2 First Phase UMTS .................................. 12 1.5.3 First Phase UMTS Architecture ......................... 13 1.5.4 User Equipment.................................... 13 1.5.5 UTRA Network .................................... 15 1.5.6 First Phase UMTS Core Network ....................... 15 1.5.7 Second Phase UMTS ................................ 15 1.6 Wireless Application Protocol................................. 17 1.6.1 Introduction to WAP ................................ 17 1.6.2 WAP Architecture................................... 19 1.6.3 Push Technology ................................... 20 1.6.4 User Agent Profile .................................. 21 1.6.5 WAP 1.x Legacy Configuration ......................... 22 1.6.6 WAP HTTP Proxy with Wireless Profiled TCP and HTTP....... 24 1.6.7 HTTP with Direct Access ............................. 25 viii Contents 1.6.8 WTP Segmentation and Reassembly...................... 25 1.6.9 OMA Digital Rights Management ....................... 27 2 Standardization ............................................... 29 2.1 Messaging Roadmap ....................................... 31 2.2 MMS Standards .......................................... 31 2.3 Third Generation Partnership Project ............................ 33 2.3.1 GPP Structure..................................... 33 2.3.2 3GPP Specifications: Release, Phase, and Stage . ............ 35 2.3.3 3GPP Specifications: Numbering Scheme .................. 35 2.4 Third Generation Partnership Project 2 .......................... 37 2.5 GSM Association ......................................... 37 2.5.1 Working Groups.................................... 38 2.5.2 Regional Groups ................................... 38 2.6 Internet Engineering Task Force ............................... 38 2.6.1 IETF Documents ................................... 39 2.6.2 Internet Standard Track .............................. 39 2.7 World Wide Web Consortium ................................. 40 2.8 WAP Forum ............................................. 41 2.9 Open Mobile Alliance ...................................... 42 2.9.1 OMA Organization.................................. 43 2.9.2 OMA Specifications ................................. 44 2.9.3 Available Documents ................................ 45 2.10 Further Reading .......................................... 46 3 Short Message Service .......................................... 47 3.1 Service Description ........................................ 47 3.2 SMS Use Cases........................................... 48 3.2.1 Consumer Applications Based on SMS .................... 48 3.2.2 Corporate Applications Based on SMS.................... 50 3.2.3 Operator Applications Based on SMS .................... 50 3.2.4 Value Chain of SMS-Based Applications................... 51 3.3 Architecture for GSM Networks ............................... 51 3.3.1 Short Message Entity ................................ 53 3.3.2 Service Center..................................... 53 3.3.3 Email Gateway .................................... 54 3.4 SMS Basic Features........................................ 54 3.4.1 Message Submission and Delivery ....................... 54 3.4.2 Status Reports ..................................... 55 3.4.3 Reply Path ....................................... 55 3.4.4 Addressing Modes .................................. 55 3.4.5 Validity Period..................................... 56 3.5 Technical Specification Synopsis ............................... 57 3.6 Protocol Layers........................................... 57 3.6.1 SMS Interworking Between Mobile Networks . ............ 58 Contents ix 3.6.2 Message Structure .................................. 60 3.6.3 SME-SMSC Transactions: Submit, Deliver, Report, and Command ..................................... 60 3.7 Structure of a Message Segment ............................... 61 3.7.1 Transport Protocol Data Unit .......................... 61 3.7.2 Message Types .................................... 63 3.7.3 Text Coding Schemes ................................ 63 3.7.4 Text Compression................................... 64 3.7.5 Message Classes ................................... 64 3.7.6 Coding Groups .................................... 64 3.7.7 Protocol Identifiers ................................. 65 3.8 Settings and Message Storage in the SIM......................... 65 3.9 Message Submission ....................................... 69 3.9.1 TPDU Layout ..................................... 70 3.9.2 TPDU Parameters .................................. 70 3.9.3 Rejection of Duplicates .............................. 72 3.9.4 Validity Period..................................... 72 3.9.5 Absolute Time Representation .......................... 74 3.9.6 Destination Address ................................. 75 3.9.7 SME Addressing ................................... 75 3.10 Message Submission Report .................................. 76 3.10.1 Positive Submission Report ............................ 77 3.10.2 Negative Submission Report ........................... 77 3.10.3 Parameter Indicator ................................. 79 3.10.4 Service Center Time
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