Ukraine Climate Facts and Policy Policies and Processes
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
UKRAINE CLIMATE FACTS AND POLICY POLICIES AND PROCESSES MILLION tCO2e¹ Ukraine – 2020 Sustainable development strategy 353 An energy independence programme and transition to effective use of energy resources with a goal of 7.8 TONNES PER CAPITA reducing GDP energy intensity by 20 per cent by the end of 2020 Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union Assistance in energy efficiency, renewable energy use and climate policy development, including a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading scheme Energy plans and goals Renewable Energy Action Plan to 2020: Renewables contribute 11 per cent to the energy mix Energy Efficiency Action Plan to 2020: Energy saving of 9 per cent of average final domestic energy consumption Taxes and tariffs Fees for emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants (including methane and nitrogen oxide) Feed-In Tariff introduced in 2008 to support power generation from solar, wind, small hydro and biomass sources 2020 Climate Policy Goals Reduction of economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions by 20 per cent as compared to the 1990 level 2030 Goals and Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) Mitigation: Emissions not to exceed 60 per cent of 1990 GHG emission levels accounting for production and use of energy, industry, agriculture, land use, forestry and waste Adaptation priorities: Climate adaptation supported in the context of international obligations 45.4 2 115 Adaptation and mitigation of equal importance MILLION US $ POPULATION PER CAPITA 75% GDP GHG emissions inventory and reporting OF TOTAL ENERGY National system for the estimation of anthropogenic emissions of GHGs CONSUMPTION FROM Annual Report on inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of GHGs FOSSIL FUELS prepared by the National Center for GHG inventory and subject to annual review by international experts National electronic register of carbon units in operation Regular preparation of National Communications on climate change and biennial reports on anthropogenic Sources: National GHG inventory data and GHG emissions and removals absorption (1990-2014) and estimates System of GHG emissions monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) in preparation stages based on the country’s INDC (2014-2015), demographic, energy and economic data from the databases World development indicators of the World Bank: CLIMATE ACTIONS http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine: Paris Agreement on Climate Change http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ Ukraine ratified the Paris Agreement on Climate Change in September 2016 Fulfilment of obligations under the Kyoto Protocol 1990 GHG emissions level not exceeded during the first stage of the Protocol (2008-2012) 1 These events resulted in drops in GDP Total emissions in 2012: 43 per cent of 1990 level of 6.8 per cent and industrial output of Ukraine the leader of the joint implementation mechanism based on number of approved projects and 10.7 per cent, as well as the destruction emission reduction units of infrastructure in the territories which Implementation of emission trading mechanism on the basis of green investment scheme are temporarily outside of the government's control, the depletion of financial resources and the disruption Energy Efficiency of established industrial relations and Approval of laws on metering and energy efficiency in buildings crucial supplies of raw materials. Establishment of an energy efficiency fund for the residential sector Development of legal and scientific grounds for climate adaptation Preparation of scientific basis for the climate adaptation strategy Implementation of priority adaptation actions, 2012-2013 Draft adaptation strategies for the Dniester and Danube transboundary river basins Local authority initiatives 98 cities joined Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy on EU climate change mitigation initiative for urban areas CLIMATE FINANCE State budget Public institutions and programmes, international reporting and research External sources International technical assistance in the framework of bilateral cooperation, in particular with Austria, Germany, Denmark, Norway, the USA, Finland, Switzerland and Sweden International programmes and organizations that provide climate grants and lending The European Union, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the World Bank, the Nordic Environment Finance Corporation, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank, the German state development bank, the International Finance Corporation and the Climate Technology Fund an BELARUS Nem Bryansk an BELARUS Nem Bryansk Warsaw Soligorsk Zhlobin Warsaw Soligorsk Zhlobin V is Pr t Brest ipyat Mozyr Gomel a V u n BELARUS i la s n s Pr Gomel e BELARUS ipyat a Voronezh a n tu Brest Mozyr Kursk Nem na BELARUS n D Neamn BELARUS Bryanskla s Nema BryanskBryansk e Kursk Voronezh N Bryansk P O L A N D D Chernihiv P O L A N D Chernihiv RUSSIA Zhlobin Lublin WarsawWarsaw Soligorsk Zhlobin Chornobyl RUSSIA Warsaw Soligorsk Zhlobin Lublin D Soligorsk Sumy on Lutsk Chornobyl D V o is V P Sumy n V i ripyat Gomel a V t s Brest Prip t Mozyr Gomel Lutsk is u t Brest ya Mozyr n a i l u Prip Gomel n st a l Brest Pripyat Mozyr Gomel s a Kyiv tu a Brest a Mozyr e na s Voronezh ul n e la D s Kursk Voronezh Rivne a es D Kursk Voronezh Res. Kyiv De Kursk Voronezh Kyiv D Kursk Rivne P PO O L LA AN N D D ChernihivChernihiv Res. Kyiv Kharkiv P O L A N D Chernihiv Lublin RUSSIARUSSIALviv UKRAINEKharkiv LublinLublin RUSSIA Lublin ChornobylChornobyl Lviv UKRAINED Ternopil o D Chornobyl Sumy D n o Lutsk Sumy Ternopil Do n Lutsk Sumy on Cherkasy Lutsk n S Lutsk Khmelnytskyi iv. Kyiv Ivano-Frankivsk CherkasyVinnytsia Kremenchuk Kremenchuk Done Rivne Kyiv Siv ts Rivne Res.Kyiv Kyiv Ivano-Frankivsk Khmelnytskyi Vinnytsia Kremenchuk Res. Do Rivne Res. Kyiv Uzhhorod Kremenchuk Dn nets Res. Kyiv Dnies Res. iepe Kharkiv ter r Luhansk Uzhhorod Kharkiv Dnie Dnipro Kharkiv Dniest P pe Lviv UKRAINE Kharkiv er ivd r Dnipro Luhansk Donbas* Lviv UKRAINE P . B Kropyvnytskyi Lviv UKRAINE iv R u Krasnodonska Ternopil Chernivtsi d a h Donbas* Ternopil . B Kropyvnytskyiu Ternopil R P u t Krasnodonska Chernivtsi a r h u u Cherkasy t Rostov- Cherkasy S P t Zaporizhzhia Donetsk i r n Cherkasy vS. u Voznesensk Ivano-Frankivsk Khmelnytskyi Vinnytsia Cherkasy S iDv a Ribnita o Khmelnytskyi Vinnytsia Kremenchuk Kremenchuk Si .o Dn z t Rostov- on-Don Ivano-Frankivsk Kremenchuk v. oets s Balti Donetsk D Ivano-Frankivsk Khmelnytskyi Vinnytsia Kremenchuk iv. D net i Zaporizhzhia n Khmelnytskyi Vinnytsia Kremenchuk Do s T Voznesensk Ivano-Frankivsk KremenchukRes. Kremenchuk a onets Ribnita o Res. Kremenchuk z nets Transnistria* on-Don Uzhhorod D s Balti D Uzhhorod Res. nDien i Mariupol Uzhhorod DnDienst Res. D piee T Transnistria* Kakhovka Uzhhorod Dn ieesrte Dniep rper LuhanskLuhansk MOLDOVA Dnieste r ieper DniproDnipro Luhansk Mariupol Res. Novoazovska ter Pi P r Dnipro Luhansk KakhovkaMykolaiv Berdiansk P vdiv Dnipro DonbasMOLDOVA* Piv . Bd. Kropyvnytskyi Donbas* Tiraspol Res. Novoazovska ivd u B Kropyvnytskyi Donbas* Mykolaiv Ochakivska Berdiansk Chernivtsi R d. h u Kropyvnytskyi DonbasKrasnodonska* Chernivtsi a R . B h Kropyvnytskyi Cluj-NapocaKrasnodonska Chisinau R u a Bu TiraspolS Chernivtsi R uh Krasnodonska Ochakivska P a t u Krasnodonska i Botievska Chernivtsi a t h r r P u e u u Cluj-Napoca Chisinau P r t S t P t u t Rostov- Kherson r Donetsk i Botievska ru t Zaporizhzhia r Rostov- ut Voznesensk Zaporizhzhia Donetsk e Rostov- n a Sea of t Ribnita Voznesensk Zaporizhzhia DonetskROMANIAt Rostov- o n Kherson Odesa z a Ribnita Zaporizhzhia Donetsk on-Don n o Lazurne z Balti Voznesensk on-Don D s a n i s Balti Ribnita Voznesensk o D T za i Ribnita on-Don o Sea of z Balti on-Don D s T Transnistria* ROMANIA Odesa Lazurne Dunaiska Azov is Balti D Ti Transnistria* T Transnistria* Mariupol Transnistria* Kakhovka Mariupol Brasov Dunaiska Azov MOLDOVAMOLDOVA KakhovkaKakhovka Mariupol Donuzlavska MOLDOVA KakhovkaRes. Berdiansk BrasovNovoazovskaNovoazovska Belhrad Myrnovska Okhotnikove Ostaninska K MykolaivMykolaiv Res.Res. Berdiansk Novoazovska Lymanska Pryozerne ub Tiraspol Mykolaiv Res. Berdiansk Novoazovska Belhrad Myrnovska Donuzlavska Okhotnikove Mytiaeve K an Tiraspol OchakivskaOchakivska Mykolaiv Berdiansk Ostaninska u Cluj-Napoca Chisinau Tiraspol Ochakivska Lymanska Pryozerne MytiaeveTarkhankutska Rodnykove ba Cluj-Napoca S Chisinau Ochakivska e n S i Botievska b Cluj-Napoca r Chisinau Krasnodar S i Botievska u Cluj-Napoca e r Chisinau S Rodnykove C r i m e a * i Tarkhankutska e n Yevpatoria Botievska e r t Kherson i Botievska t a re Kherson b Black e Krasnodar t Kherson u D t Kherson C r i m e a * Simferopol ROMANIA Odesa Lazurne SeaSea of of n Yevpatoria 0 100 km ROMANIA Odesa Lazurne Sea of a Bucharest Black Nikolaievka ROMANIA Odesa Lazurne Sea of D SeaSimferopol Perove DunaiskaDunaiska AzovAzov 0 100 km Dunaiska BucharestAzov Nikolaievka Perove Sevastopol Map produced by Zoï Environment Network, August 2016. BrasovBrasov Dunaiska Azov Sea Brasov Belhrad Myrnovska DonuzlavskaDonuzlavskaOkhotnikove K Map produced by Zoï Environment Network, August 2016. Brasov Belhrad Myrnovska Donuzlavska Okhotnikove Ostaninska u K ConstantaSevastopol * Areas outside of the government's control: limited ability to address climate change Lymanska Belhrad Pryozerne Myrnovska Donuzlavska Okhotnikove Ostaninska K b u Lymanska Pryozerne Myrnovska OkhotnikoveMytiaeveMytiaeve Ostaninska Ku abna Lymanska Pryozerne Mytiaeve Energy andub