Sawfish and River Sharks- Multispecies Issues Paper
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WHERE DO SAWFISH LIVE? Educator Information for Student Activity 4
WHERE DO SAWFISH LIVE? Educator Information For Student Activity 4 Lesson Summary: This lesson examines the diversity of locations and habitats where sawfish are found throughout the world. Vocabulary: Distribution, habitats Background Information: There are six recognized species of sawfish throughout the world. In this activity the distribution range of each species will be discussed and mapped. Information on each species can be found in the “Sawfish In Peril” teaching binder within each of the species profiles. Materials: Copies of activity map sheets and species profile laminated cards w/maps Pencils: colored pencils recommended Procedure: This activity begins by getting students to look at the different maps of sawfish species distribution. Have each student color in a map template of the distribution of a favorite sawfish species or have students form groups to color the maps for each species. Discussion Questions: Where do sawfish live? What habitats do sawfish reside in? Where would you go if you wanted to see a sawfish? Extension Activities: For more advanced students, the following questions can be discussed: What determines where sawfish species live? Do sawfish prefer certain water temperatures and habitat types? In the past, did sawfish have larger distribution then they do currently? If so, why do you think that is? www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish 6-14 © 2010 Florida Museum of Natural History WHERE DO SAWFISH LIVE? Educator Information For Student Activity 4 Maps of sawfish species geographical distribution (from the species profiles): Smalltooth Sawfish (P. pectinata) Freshwater Sawfish (P. microdon) Largetooth Sawfish (P. perotteti) Dwarf Sawfish (P. clavata) Green Sawfish (P. -
Life History of the Critically Endangered Largetooth Sawfish: a Compilation of Data for Population Assessment and Demographic Modelling
Vol. 44: 79–88, 2021 ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH Published January 28 https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01090 Endang Species Res OPEN ACCESS Life history of the Critically Endangered largetooth sawfish: a compilation of data for population assessment and demographic modelling P. M. Kyne1,*, M. Oetinger2, M. I. Grant3, P. Feutry4 1Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia 2Argus-Mariner Consulting Scientists, Owensboro, Kentucky 42301, USA 3Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia 4CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia ABSTRACT: The largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis is a Critically Endangered, once widespread shark-like ray. The species is now extinct or severely depleted in many former parts of its range and is protected in some other range states where populations persist. The likelihood of collecting substantial new biological information is now low. Here, we review all available life history infor- mation on size, age and growth, reproductive biology, and demography as a resource for popula- tion assessment and demographic modelling. We also revisit a subset of historical data from the 1970s to examine the maternal size−litter size relationship. All available information on life history is derived from the Indo-West Pacific (i.e. northern Australia) and the Western Atlantic (i.e. Lake Nicaragua-Río San Juan system in Central America) subpopulations. P. pristis reaches a maxi- mum size of at least 705 cm total length (TL), size-at-birth is 72−90 cm TL, female size-at-maturity is reached by 300 cm TL, male size-at-maturity is 280−300 cm TL, age-at-maturity is 8−10 yr, longevity is 30−36 yr, litter size range is 1−20 (mean of 7.3 in Lake Nicaragua), and reproductive periodicity is suspected to be biennial in Lake Nicaragua (Western Atlantic) but annual in Aus- tralia (Indo-West Pacific). -
Chondrichthyan Fishes (Sharks, Skates, Rays) Announcements
Chondrichthyan Fishes (sharks, skates, rays) Announcements 1. Please review the syllabus for reading and lab information! 2. Please do the readings: for this week posted now. 3. Lab sections: 4. i) Dylan Wainwright, Thursday 2 - 4/5 pm ii) Kelsey Lucas, Friday 2 - 4/5 pm iii) Labs are in the Northwest Building basement (room B141) 4. Lab sections done: first lab this week on Thursday! 5. First lab reading: Agassiz fish story; lab will be a bit shorter 6. Office hours: we’ll set these later this week Please use the course web site: note the various modules Outline Lecture outline: -- Intro. to chondrichthyan phylogeny -- 6 key chondrichthyan defining traits (synapomorphies) -- 3 chondrichthyan behaviors -- Focus on several major groups and selected especially interesting ones 1) Holocephalans (chimaeras or ratfishes) 2) Elasmobranchii (sharks, skates, rays) 3) Batoids (skates, rays, and sawfish) 4) Sharks – several interesting groups Not remotely possible to discuss today all the interesting groups! Vertebrate tree – key ―fish‖ groups Today Chondrichthyan Fishes sharks Overview: 1. Mostly marine 2. ~ 1,200 species 518 species of sharks 650 species of rays 38 species of chimaeras Skates and rays 3. ~ 3 % of all ―fishes‖ 4. Internal skeleton made of cartilage 5. Three major groups 6. Tremendous diversity of behavior and structure and function Chimaeras Chondrichthyan Fishes: 6 key traits Synapomorphy 1: dentition; tooth replacement pattern • Teeth are not fused to jaws • New rows move up to replace old/lost teeth • Chondrichthyan teeth are -
Extinction Risk and Conservation of the World's Sharks and Rays
RESEARCH ARTICLE elife.elifesciences.org Extinction risk and conservation of the world’s sharks and rays Nicholas K Dulvy1,2*, Sarah L Fowler3, John A Musick4, Rachel D Cavanagh5, Peter M Kyne6, Lucy R Harrison1,2, John K Carlson7, Lindsay NK Davidson1,2, Sonja V Fordham8, Malcolm P Francis9, Caroline M Pollock10, Colin A Simpfendorfer11,12, George H Burgess13, Kent E Carpenter14,15, Leonard JV Compagno16, David A Ebert17, Claudine Gibson3, Michelle R Heupel18, Suzanne R Livingstone19, Jonnell C Sanciangco14,15, John D Stevens20, Sarah Valenti3, William T White20 1IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada; 2Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada; 3IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, NatureBureau International, Newbury, United Kingdom; 4Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, United States; 5British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 6Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia; 7Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Panama City, United States; 8Shark Advocates International, The Ocean Foundation, Washington, DC, United States; 9National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand; 10Global Species Programme, International Union for the Conservation -
Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus Obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2004 Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic Jason G. Romine College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Biostatistics Commons, Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Romine, Jason G., "Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic" (2004). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617821. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-zm7f-h314 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Status and demographic analysis of the Dusky shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Jason G. Romine 2004 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Master of Science Jason G. KOmine Approved, August 2004 NloW A. Musick, Ph.D. Committee Chairman/Advisor Kim N. Holland, Ph.D Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of Hawaii Kaneohe, Hawaii onn E. Olney, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................... -
An Introduction to the Classification of Elasmobranchs
An introduction to the classification of elasmobranchs 17 Rekha J. Nair and P.U Zacharia Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018 Introduction eyed, stomachless, deep-sea creatures that possess an upper jaw which is fused to its cranium (unlike in sharks). The term Elasmobranchs or chondrichthyans refers to the The great majority of the commercially important species of group of marine organisms with a skeleton made of cartilage. chondrichthyans are elasmobranchs. The latter are named They include sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras. These for their plated gills which communicate to the exterior by organisms are characterised by and differ from their sister 5–7 openings. In total, there are about 869+ extant species group of bony fishes in the characteristics like cartilaginous of elasmobranchs, with about 400+ of those being sharks skeleton, absence of swim bladders and presence of five and the rest skates and rays. Taxonomy is also perhaps to seven pairs of naked gill slits that are not covered by an infamously known for its constant, yet essential, revisions operculum. The chondrichthyans which are placed in Class of the relationships and identity of different organisms. Elasmobranchii are grouped into two main subdivisions Classification of elasmobranchs certainly does not evade this Holocephalii (Chimaeras or ratfishes and elephant fishes) process, and species are sometimes lumped in with other with three families and approximately 37 species inhabiting species, or renamed, or assigned to different families and deep cool waters; and the Elasmobranchii, which is a large, other taxonomic groupings. It is certain, however, that such diverse group (sharks, skates and rays) with representatives revisions will clarify our view of the taxonomy and phylogeny in all types of environments, from fresh waters to the bottom (evolutionary relationships) of elasmobranchs, leading to a of marine trenches and from polar regions to warm tropical better understanding of how these creatures evolved. -
1 a Petition to List the Oceanic Whitetip Shark
A Petition to List the Oceanic Whitetip Shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) as an Endangered, or Alternatively as a Threatened, Species Pursuant to the Endangered Species Act and for the Concurrent Designation of Critical Habitat Oceanic whitetip shark (used with permission from Andy Murch/Elasmodiver.com). Submitted to the U.S. Secretary of Commerce acting through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Marine Fisheries Service September 21, 2015 By: Defenders of Wildlife1 535 16th Street, Suite 310 Denver, CO 80202 Phone: (720) 943-0471 (720) 942-0457 [email protected] [email protected] 1 Defenders of Wildlife would like to thank Courtney McVean, a law student at the University of Denver, Sturm college of Law, for her substantial research and work preparing this Petition. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 4 II. GOVERNING PROVISIONS OF THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT ............................................. 5 A. Species and Distinct Population Segments ....................................................................... 5 B. Significant Portion of the Species’ Range ......................................................................... 6 C. Listing Factors ....................................................................................................................... 7 D. 90-Day and 12-Month Findings ........................................................................................ -
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation 7. GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR Formulation and Operationalization of National Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation and Rural Development through Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper - 4 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE Yangon, June 2016 5. MYANMAR: National Action Plan for Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper 4: Fisheries and Aquaculture TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS 3 1. INTRODUCTION 4 2. BACKGROUND 5 2.1. Strategic value of the Myanmar fisheries industry 5 3. SPECIFIC AREAS/ASPECTS OF THEMATIC AREA UNDER REVIEW 7 3.1. Marine capture fisheries 7 3.2. Inland capture fisheries 17 3.3. Leasable fisheries 22 3.4 Aquaculture 30 4. DETAILED DISCUSSIONS ON EACH CULTURE SYSTEM 30 4.1. Freshwater aquaculture 30 4.2. Brackishwater aquaculture 36 4.3. Postharvest processing 38 5. INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT 42 5.1. Management institutions 42 5.2. Human resource development 42 5.3. Policy 42 6. KEY OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS TO SECTOR DEVELOPMENT 44 6.1. Marine fisheries 44 6.2. Inland fisheries 44 6.3. Leasable fisheries 45 6.4. Aquaculture 45 6.5. Departmental emphasis on management 47 6.6. Institutional fragmentation 48 6.7. Human resource development infrastructure is poor 49 6.8. Extension training 50 6.9. Fisheries academies 50 6.10. Academia 50 7. KEY OPPORTUNITIES FOR SECTOR DEVELOPMENT 52 i MYANMAR: National Action Plan for Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper 4: Fisheries and Aquaculture 7.1. Empowerment of fishing communities in marine protected areas (mpas) 52 7.2. Reduction of postharvest spoilage 52 7.3. Expansion of pond culture 52 7.4. -
Sustainability of Threatened Species Displayed in Public Aquaria, with a Case Study of Australian 1 Sharks and Rays 2 3 Kathryn
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11160-017-9501-2 1 PREPRINT 1 Sustainability of threatened species displayed in public aquaria, with a case study of Australian 2 sharks and rays 3 4 Kathryn A. Buckley • David A. Crook • Richard D. Pillans • Liam Smith • Peter M. Kyne 5 6 7 K.A. Buckley • D.A. Crook • P.M. Kyne 8 Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, 9 Australia 10 R.D. Pillans 11 CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia 12 L. Smith 13 BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Building 74, Monash University, 14 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia 15 Corresponding author: K.A. Buckley, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin 16 University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; Telephone: +61 4 2917 4554; Fax: +61 8 8946 7720; e-mail: 17 [email protected] 18 https://www.nespmarine.edu.au/document/sustainability-threatened-species-displayed-public-aquaria-case-study-australian-sharks-and https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11160-017-9501-2 2 PREPRINT 19 Abstract Zoos and public aquaria exhibit numerous threatened species globally, and in the modern context of 20 these institutions as conservation hubs, it is crucial that displays are ecologically sustainable. Elasmobranchs 21 (sharks and rays) are of particular conservation concern and a higher proportion of threatened species are 22 exhibited than any other assessed vertebrate group. Many of these lack sustainable captive populations, so 23 comprehensive assessments of sustainability may be needed to support the management of future harvests and 24 safeguard wild populations. -
Malaysia National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan2)
MALAYSIA NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION FOR THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SHARK (PLAN2) DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY MALAYSIA 2014 First Printing, 2014 Copyright Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 2014 All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Published in Malaysia by Department of Fisheries Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Malaysia, Level 1-6, Wisma Tani Lot 4G2, Precinct 4, 62628 Putrajaya Malaysia Telephone No. : 603 88704000 Fax No. : 603 88891233 E-mail : [email protected] Website : http://dof.gov.my Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data ISBN 978-983-9819-99-1 This publication should be cited as follows: Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 2014. Malaysia National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan 2), Ministry of Agriculture and Agro- based Industry Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia. 50pp SUMMARY Malaysia has been very supportive of the International Plan of Action for Sharks (IPOA-SHARKS) developed by FAO that is to be implemented voluntarily by countries concerned. This led to the development of Malaysia’s own National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark or NPOA-Shark (Plan 1) in 2006. The successful development of Malaysia’s second National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Shark (Plan 2) is a manifestation of her renewed commitment to the continuous improvement of shark conservation and management measures in Malaysia. -
(Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea
N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh. 295/2 (2020), 129–139 Article E Stuttgart, February 2020 The extinct catshark Pachyscyllium distans (PROBST, 1879) (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea Alberto Collareta, Marco Merella, Frederik H. Mollen, Simone Casati, and Andrea Di Cencio With 4 figures and 1 table Abstract: Sharks assigned to the carcharhiniform family Scyliorhinidae account for about 160 extant species placed in 18 genera. Most living scyliorhinids are small- to medium-sized ground sharks provided with cat- like eyes and nasal barbels similar to whiskers; hence their vernacular name, “cat- sharks”. Living catsharks mostly inhabit deep or rather deep waters of the warm and temperate seas worldwide, foraging on small fishes and inverterbates. In the present paper, we report on a lateral tooth of Scyliorhinidae collected from a clay pit at Certaldo (central Italy), where marine mudstones belonging to the famously fossiliferous Pliocene successions of Tuscany are exposed. This catshark specimen represents the second bona fide record of the extinct premontreine species Pachyscyllium distans in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the geologically youngest confirmed occurrence of this species worldwide. In the Mediterranean Pliocene, P. distans thus coexisted with the similar but distinct species Pachyscyllium dachiardii. After having been widespread in Northern Atlantic, Paratethyan, and Mediterranean waters in Miocene times, P. distans became confined to the Mediterranean Sea during the Pliocene. Therefore, similar to what has recently been suggested for P. dachiardii, we hypothesise that the range of P. distans contracted southward as colder conditions took hold in the Northern Hemisphere. The eventual extinction of P. -
Threatened Species Nomination Form
2010 NOMINATION – Carcharinus leucas Section 1 - Legal Status, Distribution, Biological, Ecological Conservation Theme 1. The conservation themes for the Carcharinus leucas is one of the few truly euryhaline shark assessment period commencing species present in tropical and temperate estuarine, riverine and 1 October 2009 (for which near shore environments in Australia. As a keystone predator in nominations close 26 March 2009) such ecosystems, C. leucas fits the conservation theme for this are ‘terrestrial, estuarine and assessment period. near–shore environments of Australia’s coast’, and ‘rivers, wetlands and groundwater dependent species and ecosystems of inland Australia’. How does this nomination relate to the conservation theme? Taxonomy 2. What are the currently Scientific Name: Carcharinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) accepted scientific and common name/s for the species (please Common Name: include Indigenous names, where Bull Shark known)? Freshwater Whaler Note any other scientific names that River Whaler have been used recently. Note the Swan River Whaler species authority and the Order and Bull Whaler Family to which the species belongs (Family name alone is sufficient for Indigenous Names (Morgan et al, 2002): plants, however, both Order and Ngangu (Bunuba and Walmajarri language) Family name are required for Ngawoonkoo (Nyikina language) insects). 3. Is this species conventionally accepted? If not, explain why. Is This species is conventionally accepted. there any controversy about the taxonomy? 4. If the species is NOT Not applicable conventionally accepted, please provide: (i) a taxonomic description of the species in a form suitable for publication in conventional scientific literature; OR (ii) evidence that a scientific institution has a specimen of the species and a written statement signed by a person who has relevant taxonomic expertise (has worked, or is a published author, on the class of species nominated), that the person thinks the species is a new species.