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Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership : Jphoto Report on the Estuary

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Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership : Jphoto Report on the Estuary ander Maten 2010 udy V Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership : JPhoto Report on the Estuary Investing for Results What’s Inside: ur 2010 Report on the Estuary for threatened and endangered what is in the system, contaminant is a five-year assessment of salmonids. EPA, USGS and NOAA sources, and impacts on wildlife and Oour progress to improve the completed several one-time studies human health to direct actions to overall health of the lower Columbia that improve our understanding of reduce contamination. Investment in River. It gives us the opportunity contaminants. EPA designated the habitat restoration needs to include to take a broad look at the state of Columbia Basin a Great Water Body. In all aspects of projects and link to the river so we can focus future February, Congressman Blumenauer toxics reduction. Water Quality investments where they can be and Senator Merkley introduced the Pollutant Level Trends . 2 most effective. Columbia River Restoration Act of We need to acknowledge that results Land Use come slowly; earth systems measure 2010 to formally raise the stature of Land Cover Trends . 6 We track five measures: pollutant the Columbia to that of the Chesapeake time in thousands of years, not a levels, land cover trends, citizen Bay and other great water bodies. human lifetime and certainly not Stewardship engagement, habitat restoration and two or four year cycles. Results may Education Program Trends . 8 Citizen Volunteering Trends . .9 endangered species. The Estuary There have been challenges. come from one or two large actions; Partnership is involved with all Investment in the Columbia lags far more likely it will be the accumulation Reference these efforts, sometimes supporting behind other major water bodies of many actions. The degradation Lower Columbia River Map . 10 existing entities and sometimes and the river remains degraded. did not occur in one or two places Habitat leading implementation. The 16,000 acres of restored habitat from one or two actions. We need to Restoration Trends . 12 returns less than half the acres lost talk about the impacts of not taking Endangered Species We have made progress since 2005. since 1880 and on-going habitat action. We need to remember that the Recovery Trends . 16 Regional partners have restored 16,235 loss is not being measured. Only decisions we make today are better Status Report acres of habitat, achieving the Estuary one site along the lower 146 miles is than those we made five years ago and From the Executive Director . 20 Partnership 1999 Management Plan monitored regularly for contaminants. we hope not as good as the ones we goal of restoring 16,000 acres by 2010. Land use changes and their impact are will make in 2015. We completed three years of toxics not tracked. As existing problems are monitoring. Estuary Partnership addressed, we aren’t sure what new The region has made progress and applied learning programs reached ones we may be creating. has shown unprecedented ability to 84,545 students and adults. The States work together, learn more and adapt have invested in toxics reduction The road ahead is clearer. to changing conditions and needs. within their waters; and with NOAA We must institute and sustain a The problems we are addressing, they have completed recovery plans monitoring program that measures we created. They are solvable. www.lcrep.org Estuary Partnership Goals: Protect the ecosystem and species • Reduce toxic and conventional pollution • Provide information about the river to a range of audiences Water Quality grade Are pollutant levels in the lower Columbia River C increasing or decreasing? Legacy contaminants, including DDT and PCBs, persist in the environment . New The Challenges contaminants including PBDEs are emerging . Additional monitoring is needed to identify contaminant sources and changes over time . Lack of investment is delaying contaminant for 2015 reduction and cleanup . Investments in toxics 2005 – 2010 Activities PAHs, PCBs, and PBDEs were found DDT and PCBs are still detected monitoring have decreased throughout the lower Columbia in juvenile Chinook salmon. These The Estuary Partnership’s Water even while we have learned River in water, sediment, and banned contaminants continue to Quality Monitoring and Salmon more about the impacts of juvenile Chinook salmon. These accumulate through the food chain. Sampling 2004–2007 toxics on salmon survival and contaminants move from river water Their detection today demonstrates he project investigated human health. It’s time to and sediment into salmon prey and that they breakdown slowly and the presence, distribution change. We need to: are absorbed into salmon tissue. remain in the environment a very and concentrations of T PCBs in salmon tissue and PAHs in long time. • Invest as a region for the contaminants in water, sediment, and salmon prey exceeded estimated long-term; juvenile salmon at six sites. Fish were thresholds for delayed mortality, Impacts • Carry out long-term, analyzed for lipid (fat) content and increased disease susceptibility, and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) multiple-site monitoring of contaminant concentrations, genetic reduced growth. are persistent, nonflammable contaminants, their sources, origin, otoliths (ear bones) for age chemicals widely used to insulate pathways of exposure for and growth rate, length and weight. Exposure to flame retardants and cool electrical equipment, and in organisms, and the effects The level of vitellogenin, a protein (PBDEs) is on the rise in the Pacific other products for water proofing and of combined toxics; associated with egg production Northwest. Chinook salmon near as a preservative. Their manufacture • Keep toxics from entering in reproductive female fish, was Portland have PBDE levels in the top was banned in the United States the water: host drug measured to test for the effect of 10% of reported values for fish in the in 1979 but use in closed electrical and pesticide take-back hormone-mimicking compounds on region. The two most commercially equipment is still permitted. PCBs programs and invest in juvenile fish. Stomach contents of fish used PBDE congeners were found are known to cause cancer. clean marina programs; were analyzed to determine the type in the water column, sediment, and of prey being eaten and the associated salmon and are frequently detected Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) • Clean up ‘hot spots’ that are contaminant levels. in people, fish, and other organisms. are persistent contaminants found in impairing ecosystem and Juvenile salmon from upriver stocks petroleum products and are created species health and economic The project was funded by the (such as Snake River and upper during incomplete combustion viability; and Northwest Power and Conservation Columbia stocks) are absorbing of carbon-based materials. Some • Integrate toxics information Council (NWPCC) and Bonneville toxic contaminants during their time PAHs have acute toxic effects, others into habitat restoration Power Administration (BPA); rearing and migrating in the lower accumulate in lipids, such as the fats prioritization to prevent principal partners were U.S. Geological Columbia River. PBDEs are doubling of invertebrates. Many PAHs are exposure to contaminants. Survey (USGS) and NOAA Fisheries. in fish every 1.6 years. known or suspected carcinogens. 2 Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership Polybrominated diphenyl ethers contaminants cause direct lethal NOAA Fisheries will analyze fish and people. Mercury comes from (PDBEs) are a group of chemicals effects, others have indirect sublethal tissue, blood, and stomach content atmospheric deposition and activities used as flame retardants in plastics effects – they alter salmonid growth, collected from this project, as well inside the basin. Unacceptably high and foam products. PBDEs are used reproduction, and development and as sampling at Mirror Lake for the levels of mercury in fish have resulted in insulation and foam for furniture, increase their mortality by predators, contaminants PAHs, PCBs, DDTs, in fish consumption advisories mattresses, automobile seats, plastics starvation, and disease. PBDEs, and estrogenic compounds. throughout the basin. Similarly, for computer housings and appliance the concentrations of banned DDT casings. Although the manufacture The full report, Lower Columbia River and Columbia River Toxics Reduction and PCBs exceed levels of concern and import of PBDEs were phased out Estuary Ecosystem Monitoring: Water Working Group resulting in fish consumption in 2004, they continue to be found Quality and Salmon Sampling Report, The EPA is leading a Columbia Basin advisories being issued by every state in humans and the environment. 2007 is available at www.lcrep.org. effort with federal, tribal, state, in the basin. PBDEs bioaccumulate in fish, and local governments, business marine mammals and birds, and Estuary Partnership Ecosystem interests, farmers, non-profit Fish Consumption Standard affect reproductive and neurological Monitoring Project partners and others to develop a The Confederated Tribes of the development. Studies in animals With funding from BPA, the Estuary toxics monitoring and reduction plan Umatilla Indian Reservation, the show PBDEs can affect the developing Partnership is partnering with NOAA for the Basin. Their work integrates Oregon Department of Environmental brain, altering behavior and learning Fisheries, Pacific Northwest National work of the Estuary Partnership in the Quality (ODEQ), and EPA are after
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