Ensifera Y Caelifera) Del Estado De Tamaulipas, México

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Ensifera Y Caelifera) Del Estado De Tamaulipas, México CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS ORTHOPTERA (ENSIFERA Y CAELIFERA) DEL ESTADO DE TAMAULIPAS, MÉXICO Ludivina Barrientos-Lozano, Aurora Y. Rocha-Sánchez, Jorge V. Horta-Vega y Pedro Almaguer-Sierra. Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Victoria. Blvd. Emilio Portes Gil No. 1301. Cd. Victoria, Tam. México. 87010. [email protected] RESUMEN. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo proporcionar información sobre la diversidad de ortópteros en el Estado de Tamaulipas, noreste de México. Se reportan 210 especies, agrupadas en veinticuatro subfamilias. De éstas el 4% (9 especies) son endémicas para el estado de Tamaulipas (ET), 29% (61) son endémicas para México (EM), 9% (19) son nuevos registros para Tamaulipas (NRT) y 17% (36) son nuevos registros para México (NRM). La diversidad biológica del grupo, está asociada al gran número de ecosistemas presentes. Esta variedad de ecosistemas es resultado de la historia geológica, clima, suelo y vegetación, características que dan origen a la presencia de cuatro Provincias Biogeográficas en el Estado: Tamaulipeca, Golfo de México, Sierra Madre Oriental y Altiplano Sur. Palabras clave: México, Tamaulipas, Orthoptera, diversidad, endemismos A contribution to the knowledge of the orthoptera (Ensifera and Caelifera) of Tamaulipas, Mexico ABSTRACT. This work aims to provide information on Orthoptera diversity in Tamaulipas, northeastern Mexico. We report 210 species grouped in twenty-four subfamilies, out of these 4% (9 species) are endemic to the State of Tamaulipas (ET), 29% (61) are endemic to Mexico (EM), 9% (19) represent new records for Tamaulipas (NRT) and 17% (36) are new records for Mexico (NRM). Diversity of the group is associated to the large number of ecosystems present. This great variety of ecosystems is a consequence of geological history, climate, soil and vegetation; characteristics that give rise to the presence of four Biogeographic Provinces in the State: Tamaulipeca, Gulf of Mexico, Eastern Mountain Range and Southern High lands. Key words: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Orthoptera, diversity, endemisms Introducción El estado de Tamaulipas comprende cuatro provincias biogeográficas: Tamaulipeca, Golfo de México, Sierra Madre Oriental y Altiplano Sur (CONABIO, 1997). El estado presenta un amplio y variado mosaico de ecosistemas, que van desde el matorral espinoso tamaulipeco, tierras áridas, selva baja, bosque de encino, bosque de pino, bosque encino-pino y bosque de niebla, entre otros. Esto explica la abundancia y diversidad biológica en general, así como la diversidad e importancia de los ortópteros, en particular. Los ortópteros (Orthoptera) representan uno de los 29 órdenes de la clase Insecta (Gillot, 2005), e incluye a saltamontes, langostas, esperanzas y grillos. Actualmente se conocen unas 25,000 especies de ortópteros distribuidas mundialmente, de las cuales más de 970 especies ocurren en México, estimándose que este número podría ser mucho mayor (Barrientos-Lozano, 2004; Otte, 1981, 1984, 2000, 2007; Fontana et al. 2007; Barrientos-Lozano et al. 2011). Aunque la mayoría de los Ortópteros son fitófagos, hay especies carnívoras y depredadoras activas, ej. Tettigonia viridissima (Linnaeus, 1758) y Neobarrettia vannifera Cohn, 1965. Los ortópteros son de gran importancia en la preservación de los ecosistemas como consumidores primarios, destructores de compuestos orgánicos e integrantes de numerosas cadenas tróficas, contribuyendo de esta manera en el equilibrio del planeta. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo proporcionar información sobre la diversidad de ortópteros en el Estado de Tamaulipas. Las especies reportadas están depositadas en la colección del Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Victoria. 1431 Materiales y métodos Para llevar a cabo el trabajo se revisó el material depositado en la colección de Ortópteros del Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Victoria, colectas realizadas de 1981 a 2012. La determinación de ejemplares fue confirmada con visitas a las colecciones entomológicas de la Universidad de Michigan-Museo de Zoología y del IB-UNAM. Resultados y Discusión En el cuadro 1 se presentan las especies determinadas, agrupadas por suborden, familia, subfamilia, género y especie. Las familias representadas son: Gryllidae, Oecanthidae, Anostostomatidae, Gryllacrididae, Stenopelmatidae, Rhaphidophoridae, Tettigoniidae, Acrididae, Pyrgomorphidae, Romaleidae, Tetrigidae. Se reportan 210 especies que representan veinticuatro subfamilias. Del total de especies, 4% (9 especies) son endémicas para el estado de Tamaulipas (ET), 29% (61) son endémicas para México (EM), 9% (19) son nuevos registros para Tamaulipas (NRT) y 17% (36) son nuevos registros para México (NRM). La diversidad biológica del estado, y por ende del grupo, está asociada a la presencia de cuatro Provincias Biogeográficas (Tamaulipeca, Golfo de México, Sierra Madre Oriental y Altiplano Sur) lo cual da origen a un gran número de ecosistemas (CONABIO, 1997; Barrientos-Lozano et al., 2011). La fauna ortóptera de Tamaulipas representa el 23% del total de especies (920) reportadas para México (Barrientos-Lozano, 2004). Cuadro 1. Lista Preliminar de Orthoptera (Ensifera y Caelifera) del Estado de Tamaulipas, Noreste de México. Suborden: ENSIFERA Syrbula admirabilis (Uhler, 1864) Superfamilia: GRYLLOIDEA Syrbula montezuma (Saussure, 1861) Familia: Gryllidae NRM Mermiria intertexta Scudder, 1899 Subfamilia: Gryllinae Mermiria picta (Walker, 1870) NRM Gryllodes sigillatus (Walker, 1869) Opeia obscura (Thomas, 1872) Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis assimilis (Fabricius, 1775) EM Orphulella orizabae (McNeill, 1897) Subfamilia: Hapithinae Orphulella pelidna (Burmeister, 1838) NRM Orocharis diplastes Walker, 1969 Orphulella punctata (DeGeer, 1773) Subfamilia: Phalangopsinae NRM Orphulella speciosa (Scudder, 1862) Amphiacusta sp. Saussure, 1874 Psoloessa texana Scudder, 1875 Subfamilia: Tafaliscinae Subfamilia: Leptysminae Neometrypus sp. Desutter-Grandcolas, 1988 Stenacris vitreipennis (Marschall, 1836) Paroecanthus mexicanus Saussure, 1859 Subfamilia: Melanoplinae Tafalisca sp. Walker, 1869 EM Agroecotettix modestus modestus Bruner, 1908 Subfamilia: Trigonidiinae Aidemona azteca (Saussure, 1861) Cyrtoxipha sp. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1873 Campylacantha oli. olivacea (Scudder, 1875) Familia: Oecanthidae EM Campylacantha olivacea similis Scudder, 1897 Subfamilia: Oecanthinae EM Dactylotum bicolor bicolor Charpentier, 1843 NRM Oecanthus fultoni Walker, 1962 Dactylotum bicolor pictum (Thomas, 1870) NRM Oecanthus quadripunctatus Beutenmüller, 1894 Hesperotettix viridis viridis (Thomas, 1872) Huastecacris alexandri Barrientos-Lozano, Oecanthus varicornis Walker, 1869 ET Buzzetti, Rocha-Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez, 2010 Huastecacris fariensis Barrientos-Lozano, Superfamilia: STENOPELMATOIDEA ET Medina & Rocha-Sánchez, 2010 Familia: Anostostomatidae EM Huastecacris truncatipennis (Scudder, 1897) Tribu: Glaphirosomatini EM Huastecacris zenoni Fontana & Buzzetti, 2007 EM Glaphyrosoma mexicanum (Saussure, 1859) Melanoplus diff. differentialis (Thomas, 1865) Familia: Gryllacrididae Melanoplus femurrubrum (De Geer, 1773) Subfamilia: Gryllacridinae Melanoplus flavidus Scudder, 1878 Cuadro 1. Continuación NRT Camptonotus affinis Rehn, 1903 Melanoplus gladstoni Scudder, 1897 1432 Cuadro 1. Continuación EM Familia: Stenopelmatidae Melanoplus lakinus (Scudder, 1878) Subfamilia: Stenopelm atinae EM Melanoplus mexicanus (Saussure, 1861) Stenopelmatus fuscus Haldeman, 1852 EM Melanoplus reflexus Scudder, 1897 Melanoplus sanguinipes sanguinipes (Fabricius, EM Stenopelmatus nieti Saussure, 1859 1798) Melanoplus sumichrasti sumichrasti (Saussure, Superfamilia: RHAPHIDOPHOROIDEA EM 1861) Familia: Rhaphidophoridae EM Melanoplus torridus Roberts, 1947 Superfamilia: Ceutophilinae NRM Melanoplus tuberculatus Morse, 1906 Ceuthophilus sp. Scudder, 1862 EM Mexitettix huataca Otte , 2007 EM Mexitettix jocari Otte, 2007 Superfamilia: TETTIGONIOIDEA EM Mexitettix simuchi Otte, 2007 Necaxacris afurculae Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha- Familia: Tettigoniidae EM Sánchez & Buzzetti, 2012 Necaxacris davidi Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha- Subfamilia: Conocephalinae EM Sánchez & Buzzetti, 2012 Conocephalus cinereus Thunberg, 1815 EM Netrosoma fusiformis Scudder, 1897 Conocephalus (Xiphidion) ictus (Scudder, 1875) EM Paraidemona cohni Fontana & Buzzetti, 2007 Conocephalus (X.) magdalenae Naskrecki, 2000 NRM Paraidemona mimica Scudder, 1897 Paraidemona ruvalcabae Buzzetti, Barrientos- NRM Conocephalus (Anisoptera) strictus (Scudder, 1875) ET Lozano & Fontana, 2010 Neoconocephalus triops (Linnaeus, 1758) EM Phaedrotettix angustipennis Scudder, 1897 NRM Orchelimum militare Rehn & Hebard, 1907 EM Phaedrotettix bistrigatus (Scudder, 1897) Pyrgocorypha hamata (Scudder, 1878) EM Phaedrotettix gracilis (Bruner, 1908) Pyrgocorypha uncinata (Harris, 1841) EM Phaedrotettix litus Hebard, 1917 Subfamilia: Litroscelidinae EM Phaedrotettix valgus (Scudder, 1897) Neobarrettia spinosa (Caudell, 1907) EM Phaedrotettix violai Fontana & Buzzetti, 2007 Phaulotettix adiaphoros Barrientos-Lozano, Neobarrettia vannifera Cohn, 1965 EM Rocha-Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez, 2011 Phaulotettix adynatos Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha- NRT Neobarrettia victoriae (Caudell, 1907) EM Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez, 2011 Phaulotettix affinis Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha- Subfamilia: Phaneropterinae ET Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez, 2011 Phaulotettix ambrosius Barrientos-Lozano, NRM Amblycorypha alexanderi Walker, 2003 ET Rocha-Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez, 2011 Phaulotettix arcadius Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha- Amblycorypha insolita Rehn & Hebard, 1914 EM Sánchez & Méndez-Gómez,
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