Sodium Laurilsulfate Used As an Excipient
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Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Catalog Number: 102918, 190522, 194831, 198957, 811030, 811032, 811033, 811034, 811036 Sodium dodecyl sulfate Structure: Molecular Formula: C12H25NaSO4 Molecular Weight: 288.38 CAS #: 151-21-3 Synonyms: SDS; Lauryl sulfate sodium salt; Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt; Dodecyl sodium sulfate; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt Physical Appearance: White granular powder Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC): 8.27 mM (Detergents with high CMC values are generally easy to remove by dilution; detergents with low CMC values are advantageous for separations on the basis of molecular weight. As a general rule, detergents should be used at their CMC and at a detergent-to-protein weight ratio of approximately ten. 13,14 Aggregation Number: 62 Solubility: Soluble in water (200 mg/ml - clear, faint yellow solution), and ethanol (0.1g/10 ml) Description: An anionic detergent3 typically used to solubilize8 and denature proteins for electrophoresis.4,5 SDS has also been used in large-scale phenol extraction of RNA to promote the dissociation of protein from nucleic acids when extracting from biological material.12 Most proteins bind SDS in a ratio of 1.4 grams SDS to 1 gram protein. The charges intrinsic to the protein become insignificant compared to the overall negative charge provided by the bound SDS. The charge to mass ratio is essentially the same for each protein and will migrate in the gel based only on protein size. Typical Working Concentration: > 10 mg SDS/mg protein Typical Buffer Compositions: SDS Electrophoresis -
Unit: Stoichiometry Lesson: #10 Topics: Solvay Process
Unit: Stoichiometry Lesson: #10 Topics: Solvay Process The Solvay Process: A Case Study Many important industrial processes involve chemical reactions that are difficult to perform and still be economically feasible. In some cases, the overall process must follow a series of reaction steps. Sodium carbonate is a chemical that is needed in large amounts – it is used in the production of glass and soap. Historically, sodium carbonate was produced by burning plants or coal and mixing the ashes with water This method was both inefficient and very expensive because of the large amount of material that needed to be burned. The Solvay process was developed as a cost effective alternative. It involves a series of reaction steps and has a net reaction of: CaCO3 (s) + 2 NaCl (aq) Na2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) A net reaction is determined by looking at the various reaction steps and eliminating any chemical that appears as both a reactant and a product in the various steps. These chemicals are known as intermediates. Step 1: Calcium carbonate (limestone) is decomposed by heat to form calcium oxide (lime) and carbon dioxide. CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) Step 2: Carbon dioxide reacts with aqueous ammonia and water to form aqueous ammonium hydrogen carbonate. CO2 (g) + NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) NH4HCO3 (aq) Step 3: The aqueous ammonium hydrogen carbonate reacts with sodium chloride to produce ammonium chloride and solid baking soda. NH4HCO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) NH4Cl (aq) + NaHCO3 (s) Step 4: The baking soda is heated up and decomposed into sodium carbonate, water vapor and carbon dioxide. 2 NaHCO3 (s) Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (g) + CO2 (g) Step 5: The lime that was produced in the first step is mixed with water to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). -
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Coated Alumina and C18 Cartridge for The
J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 19, No. 8, 1523-1530, 2008. Printed in Brazil - ©2008 Sociedade Brasileira de Química 0103 - 5053 $6.00+0.00 Article Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Coated Alumina and C18 Cartridge for the Separation and Preconcentration of Cationic Surfactants Prior to their Quantitation by Spectrophotometric Method Mohammad Ali Karimi,*,a,b Reza Behjatmanesh-Ardakani,b Ali Aghaei Goudi b and Sara Zali b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU), Sirjan, Iran bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU), Ardakan, Iran Um novo método de extração em fase sólida foi desenvolvido para separar e pré-concentrar traços de tensoativos catiônicos, tais como, brometo de dodeciltrimetilamônio (DTAB), brometo de cetiltrimetilamônio (CTAB) e cloreto de cetilpiridínio (CPC). Esse método é baseado na sorção do tensoativo aniônico (AS−), dodecilssulfato de sódio (SDS), sobre a superfície de γ-alumina, + enquanto um cartucho C18 é utilizado para a pré-concentração dos tensoativos catiônicos (CS ). O método espectrofotométrico, utilizado para a determinação dos tensoativos catiônicos, baseia-se na competição entre o corante catiônico, azul de metileno (MB+), e o CS+, para associação e formação do complexo SDS. O íon complexo formado (MB+) pode ser quantitativamente substituído pelo CS+, levando a um aumento da absorvância medida em 662 nm. Foram estabelecidas ótimas condições experimentais para a separação, pré-concentração e determinação dos tensoativos catiônicos. Sob essas condições otimizadas, realizou-se a pré-concentração (2×) e os resultados mostraram que a determinação do CPC, DTAB e CTAB poderia ser realizada nas faixas de concentração de 1×10-5-2×10-4, 4×10-5-5×10-4 and 5×10-5-5×10-4 mol L-1, respectivamente. -
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 1 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate 1 Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium dodecyl sulfate Identifiers [1] CAS number 151-21-3 [2] ATC code A06 AG11 Properties Molecular formula NaC H SO 12 25 4 Molar mass 288.38 g mol−1 Density 1.01 g/cm³ Melting point 206 °C [3] (what is this?) (verify) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium laurilsulfate or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS or NaDS) (C H SO Na) is 12 25 4 an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. The molecule has a tail of 12 carbon atoms, attached to a sulfate group, giving the molecule the amphiphilic properties required of a detergent. SLS is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. It is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. Research showed that SLS is not carcinogenic when either applied directly to skin or consumed.[4] It has however been shown to irritate the skin of the face with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.[5] A clinical study found SLS toothpaste caused a higher frequency of aphthous ulcers than both cocoamidopropyl betaine or a detergent-free paste, on 30 patients with frequent occurrences of such ulcers.[6] A clinical study comparing toothpastes with and without SLS found that it had no significant effect on ulcer patterns.[7] Sodium lauryl sulfate 2 Applications SLS is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. -
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Received…………………….……3/7/00 Approval Scientific Review……………..….3/9/00 Biocompatible Provisional Approval IAOMT Board Review………….3/30/00 No Opinion Reevaluation……...……9/01/00, 10/4/05 Periodontal Therapy No Approval……………..…..3/31/00 Explanation of IAOMT position: No explanation is needed. Name of Scientific Review: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) Alternative name(s) of Scientific Review: Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate This Scientific Review is related to: Medicine & Dentistry This Scientific Review is a: Product Do you have a vested financial interest in this Scientific Review? No Purpose of the Scientific Review: To alert to the potential toxicity of SLS in toothpastes and other personal care products. Scientific Review History: SLS has been added as an anionic surfactant or foaming agent in garage floor cleaners, engine degreasers, car wash soaps as well as many toothpastes and shampoos for many years. Briefly describe the Scientific Review: SLS is a major ingredient in many tooth pastes. It should be avoided by all because of its potential toxicity. A specifically, by outline if appropriate, describe the Scientific Review: Because it is cheap, it makes the mixture foam well and it thickens the product appreciably, manufacturers add SLS to most of their toothpastes in more than the 1% recommended maximum addition. Manufacturer(s), Distributor(s), or Publisher: • Manufacturers: Arco Chemical, Dow Chemical, Olin, Eastman Chemical • Manufacturers of these toothpastes use SLS in their products: Aquafresh, Colgate, Crest, Pepsodent, etc. Scientific Literature: • Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate: Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Vol 2#7, 1083, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. -
The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts
The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts PRE-LAB ASSIGNMENT: Reading: Chapter 3 & Chapter 4, sections 1-3 in Brown, LeMay, Bursten, & Murphy. 1. What product(s) might be expected to form when solid lithium carbonate is added to an aqueous solution of calcium chloride? Write a balanced chemical equation for this process. 2. How many grams of lithium carbonate would you need to fully react with one mole of calcium chloride? Please show your work. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this lab is to help you discover the relationships between the reactants and products in a precipitation reaction. In this lab you will react a calcium chloride solution with lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or potassium carbonate. The precipitate that results will be filtered and weighed. In each determination you will use the same amount of calcium chloride and different amounts of your carbonate salt. This experiment is a "discovery"- type experiment. The procedure will be carefully described, but the analysis of the data is left purposely vague. You will work in small groups to decide how best to work up the data. In the process you will have the chance to discover some principles, to use what you have learned in lecture, and to practice thinking about manipulative details and theory at the same time. Plotting your data in an appropriate manner should verify the identity of the precipitate and clarify the relationship between the amount of carbonate salt and the yield of precipitate. Predicting the formulas of ionic compounds. Compounds like calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) are ionic substances. -
Hazard Communication Chemical Inventory Form
Hazard Communication Chemical Inventory Form ESTIM. CAS STATE QTY. USAGE ROOM SDS DATE OF CHEMICAL NAME COMMON NAME MANUFACTURER NUMBER S,L,G ON HAND PER YEAR CAMPUS NO. DEPARTMENT ? INV. 90wGear Oil NAPA L 5 gal 1 Gal AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Acetylene Gas Airgas USA G 33 cu ft 4 cu ft AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Antifreeze (Ethylene Glycol) NAPA L 1 gal 2 Gal AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Brakleen CRC Industries G 8 cans 12 Cans AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 CBC Plus Bowl Cleaner ECOLAB L 60 72 AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 DOT3 Brake Fluid NAPA Mixture L 1 QT 1 QT AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Hydraulic Oil NAPA L 10 gal 4 gal AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Motor Oil NAPA L 48 Qt 32 Qt AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Oxygen Gas Airgas USA G 33 cu ft 10 cu ft AVC Auto shop Facilities Y 4/2/2018 Toluidine Blue 2% Carolina 92-31-9 L 20mL 0mL AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Isopropyl Alcohol 2-Propanol, Isopropanol JT Baker(Avantor) 67-63-0 L 75mL 5mL AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Ammonium Molybdate ammonium molybdate(VI), tetrahydrate, molybdicFlinn acid 12027-67-7 S 15g 10g AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Ammonium Chloride ammonium muriate, sal ammoniac Flinn 12125-02-9 S 40g 5g AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Ethylene Glycol Anti-Freeze JT Baker(Avantor) 107-21-1 L 1.25L 10mL AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Sodium Bicarbonate Baking Soda VWR (Wards) 144-55-8 S 1,020g 10g AVC B112 Science No 1/22/2018 Sodium Borate Borax VWR 1303-96-4 S 225g 10g AVC B112 Science SDS 1/22/2018 Calcium Metal -
Raw Materials for Cosmetics
Raw materials for cosmetics Sasol Performance Chemicals Raw materials for cosmetics About us Raw materials for cosmetics Register of product groups About us Register of product groups Sasol’s Performance Chemicals business unit markets a broad portfolio 1 Fats and oils/esters 16 of organic and inorganic commodity and speciality chemicals. Our Special esters ................................................... 16 business consists four key business divisions: Organics, Inorganics, Castor oil derivatives ........................................... 16 Wax and PCASG (Phenolics, Carbon, Ammonia and Speciality Gases). Others ........................................................... 16 About 6300 people (incl. employees from Regional Operating Hubs) 2 Fatty alcohols 18 – 21 in offices in 18 countries serve customers around the world with a Single fractions ................................................. 18 multi-faceted portfolio of state-of-the-art chemical products and Blends ........................................................... 20 solutions for a wide range of applications and industries. Monobranched Guerbet alcohols ............................... 20 Our key products include surfactants, surfactant intermediates, fatty alcohols, linear alkyl 3 Petrolatum 22 – 23 benzene (LAB), short-chain linear alpha olefins, ethylene, petrolatum, paraffin waxes, 4 Paraffin waxes 24 – 25 synthetic waxes, cresylic acids, high-quality carbon solutions as well as high-purity and ultra-high-purity alumina. Our speciality gases sub-division supplies -
STUDENTS 2 SCIENCE Virtual Lab Experiment Precipitates
STUDENTS 2 SCIENCE Virtual Lab Experiment Precipitates An investigation of solubility and precipitation. A classroom Experiment in Kit Form for Grades 9-12 Brief Background: Students will learn the difference between reaction precipitates like the precipitation of Basic copper carBonate from the reaction of copper chloride and sodium carBonate and those that result solely from a change in solution soluBility (water vs. isopropanol). They will learn aBout precipitation in water treatment and purification and aBout the scientists who work to provide or maintain clean water for us. Additionally, students will learn that precipitates can sometimes Be redissolved By adding another chemical compound and thus carrying out an additional chemical reaction. Safety Students and teachers must wear properly fitting goggles as they prepare for, conduct, and clean up from the activities in the kit. Read and follow all safety warnings. Also review the Materials Safety Data Sheets. Students must wash their hands with soap and water after the activities. The activities described in this kit are intended for students under the direct supervision of teachers. Student kit packaged as 13 individual units for a class size of 26. Each student package is shared by 2 students. Items in each 2-student Ziploc bag: • (1) vial labeled “CuSO4” approximately 1/4 filled with cupric sulfate • (1) empty vial laBeled “CuSO4 Solution” • (1) 4-mL vial laBeled “CaCl2” containing small amount calcium chloride • (1) vial labeled “NaHCO3” (in red lettering) approximately 1/3 -
CASE STUDY Methane Recovery at Non-Coal Mines
CASE STUDY Methane Recovery at Non-coal Mines Background Existing methane recovery projects at non-coal mines reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by up to 3 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e). Although methane emissions are generally associated with coal mines, methane is also found in salt, potash, trona, diamond, gold, base metals, and lead mines throughout the world. Many of these deposits are located adjacent to hydrocarbon (e.g., coal and oil) deposits where methane originates. Consequently, during the process of mining non-coal deposits, methane may be released. Overview of Methane Recovery Projects Beatrix Gold Mine, South Africa Promethium Carbon, a carbon and climate change advisory firm, has developed a project to capture and use methane from the Beatrix Gold Mine in Free State, South Africa (see box). Project Specifications: Beatrix Gold Mine Name Capture and Utilization of Methane at the Gold Fields–owned Beatrix Mine in South Africa Site Free State Province, South Africa Owner Gold Fields Ltd., Exxaro On-site Pty Ltd. Dates of Operation May 2011–present Equipment Phase 1 • GE Roots Blowers • Trolex gas monitoring systems • Flame arrestor • 23 burner flare Equipment Phase 2 Addition of internal combustion engines End-use Phase 1 Destruction through flaring End-use Phase 2 4 MW power generation Emission Reductions 1.7 million tons CO²e expected over CDM project lifetime (through 2016) Commissioning of Flare at Beatrix Gold Mine (Photo courtesy of Gold Fields Ltd.) CASE STUDY Methane Recovery at Non-coal Mines ABUTEC Mine Gas Incinerator at Green River Trona Mine (Photo courtesy of Solvay Chemicals, Inc.) Green River Trona Mine, United States Project Specifications: Green River Trona Mine Trona is an evaporite mineral mined in the United States Name Green River Trona Mine Methane as the primary source of sodium carbonate, or soda ash. -
United States Patent (19) 11) Patent Number: 5,073,374 Mccarty 45 Date of Patent: Dec
United States Patent (19) 11) Patent Number: 5,073,374 McCarty 45 Date of Patent: Dec. 17, 1991 54 FAST DISSOLVING BUCCAL TABLET 1380171 1/1975 United Kingdom . 21888.43 10/1987 United Kingdom . 75 Inventor: John A. McCarty, Biscayne Park, 04342 7/1987 World Int. Prop. O. .......... 424/435 Fla. OTHER PUBLICATIONS 73 Assignee: Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, N. Kornbloom and Stoopak, J. Pharm. Sci., 62:43-49 (1973). (21 Appl. No.: 278,099 Kahn and Rooke, Mfg. Chemist & Aerosol News, pp. 22 Filed: Nov. 30, 1988 25-26 (Jan. 1976). 51 int. Cl. ........................ A61K9/20: A61K 47/00 Kahn and Rooke, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 28:633-636 52 U.S. Cl. .................................... 424/435; 424/434; (1976). 424/464; 424/465; 514/777 Primary Examiner-Thurman K. Page 58 Field of Search ................ 424/434, 435, 465,499 Assistant Examiner-James M. Spear 56 References Cited Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Anita W. Magatti; James R. Nelson U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 4,059,686 1/1977 Tanaka et al. ........................ 424/19 57 ABSTRACT 4,226,848 10/1980 Naggi et al. .......................... 424/19 A fast dissolving buccal tablet for administering a medi 4,292.299 9/1981 Suzuki et al. ......................... 424/16 4,572,832 2/1986 Kigasawa et al. .................... 424/19 canent includes the active ingredient, a lubricant and a 4,755,386 7/1988 Hsiao et al. ......................... 424/435 water soluble sugar, such as sorbitol, combined such that the buccal tablet dissolves in about one minute. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 275853 10/1973 France . 10 Claims, No Drawings 5,073,374 1 2 the patient from swallowing the dosage form. -
Crystals of an Insoluble Carbonate of Copper Grown Under a Soda Solution L
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 1 Article 22 1941 Crystals of an Insoluble Carbonate of Copper Grown under a Soda Solution L. B. Roberts University of Arkansas at Monticello Edwin Roberts University of Arkansas at Monticello Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Roberts, L. B. and Roberts, Edwin (1941) "Crystals of an Insoluble Carbonate of Copper Grown under a Soda Solution," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 1 , Article 22. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/22 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 22 CRYSTALS OF AN INSOLUBLE CARBONATE OF COPPER GROWN UNDER A SODA SOLUTION1 L. B. Roberts and Edwin Roberts, Arkansas Agricultural and Mechanical College, Monticello When an old fire extinguisher of the soda-acid type was opened and emptied preparatory to recharging, several grams of blue crystals were found in the bottom of the container.