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Henry IV Free FREE HENRY IV PDF Chris Given-Wilson | 608 pages | 26 Apr 2016 | Yale University Press | 9780300154191 | English | New Haven, United States Henry IV | Holy Roman emperor | Britannica He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbona cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. He inherited the throne of Henry IV in Henry IV his mother's death. Bartholomew's Day massacre. He later led Protestant forces against the royal army. As Head of the House of Bourbon, Henry was " first prince of the blood ". He initially kept the Protestant faith the only French king to do so Henry IV had to fight against the Catholic Leaguewhich denied that he could wear France's crown as a Protestant. After four years of stalemate, he converted to Catholicism to obtain mastery over his kingdom reportedly saying, "Paris is well worth a mass. As a pragmatic politician in the parlance of the time, a politiquehe displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era. Notably, he promulgated the Edict of Nantes Henry IV, which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants, thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion. Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants, Henry became Henry IV of at least 12 assassination attempts. Henry IV his reign, [5] the French colonization of the Americas truly began with Henry IV foundation of the colonies of Acadia and Canada at Port- Royal and Quebecrespectively. He was celebrated in the Henry IV song " Vive le roi Henri " which later became an anthem for the French monarchy during the reigns of his successors and in Voltaire 's Henriade. On 9 Juneupon his mother's death, the year-old became King of Navarre. On 24 August, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre began in Paris. Several thousand Protestants who had come to Paris for Henry's wedding were killed, as well as thousands more throughout the country in the days that followed. Henry narrowly escaped death thanks to the help of his wife and his promise to convert to Catholicism. He was forced to live at the court of France, but he escaped in early On 5 February of that year, he formally abjured Catholicism at Tours and rejoined the Protestant forces in the military conflict. Catherine held the regency for nearly thirty Henry IV. Since Henry of Navarre was a Huguenot, the issue was not considered settled in many quarters of the country, and France was plunged into a phase of the Wars of Religion known as the War of the Three Henries. The third was Henry I, Duke of Guisewho pushed for complete suppression of the Huguenots and had much support among Catholic loyalists. Political disagreements among the parties set off a series of campaigns and counter-campaigns that culminated in the Battle of Coutras. However, the populace was horrified and rose against him. The title of the king was Henry IV longer recognized in several cities; his power was limited to Blois, Tours, and the surrounding districts. The two kings were united by a common interest—to win France from the Catholic League. Catholic royalist nobles also rallied to the king's Henry IV. With this combined force, the two kings marched to Paris. The morale of the city was low, and even the Spanish ambassador believed the city could not hold out longer than a fortnight. The Catholic League, however, strengthened by support from outside the country—especially from Spain—was strong Henry IV to prevent a universal recognition of his new title. The Pope excommunicated Henry and declared him devoid of any right to inherit the crown. He set about winning Henry IV kingdom by military conquest, aided by English money and German troops. Henry's Catholic Henry IV Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon was proclaimed king Henry IV the League, but the Cardinal was Henry's prisoner at the time. When Cardinal de Bourbon died inthe League could not agree on a new candidate. In Henry IV of such opposition, Philip indicated that princes of the House of Lorraine Henry IV be acceptable to him: the Duke of Guise; a son of the Duke of Lorraine; and the son of the Duke of Mayenne. The Spanish ambassadors selected the Duke of Guise, to the Henry IV of the League. However, at that moment of seeming victory, the envy of the Henry IV of Mayenne was aroused, and he blocked the proposed election of a king. The Parlement of Paris also upheld the Salic law. They argued that if the French accepted natural hereditary succession, as proposed by the Spaniards, and accepted a Henry IV as Henry IV queen, then the ancient claims of the English kings would be Henry IV, and the monarchy of centuries past would be nothing but an illegality. Mayenne Henry IV angered that he had not been consulted prior to this admonishment, but yielded, since their aim was not contrary to his present views. He was said to have declared that Paris vaut bien une messe "Paris is well worth Henry IV mass"[21] [22] [23] although there is some doubt whether he said this, or whether the statement was attributed to him by his contemporaries. In he issued the Edict of Nanteswhich granted circumscribed toleration to the Huguenots. Henry's first marriage was not a happy one, and the couple remained childless. After Henry IV became king of France, it was of the utmost importance that he provide an heir to the crown to avoid the problem of a disputed succession. Henry's councillors strongly opposed this idea, but the matter was resolved unexpectedly by Gabrielle's sudden death in the early hours of 10 Aprilafter Henry IV had given birth to a premature and stillborn son. For the royal entry of Marie into Avignon on 19 Novemberthe citizens bestowed on Henry the title of the Henry IV Gaulois "Gallic Hercules"justifying the extravagant flattery with a genealogy that traced the origin of the House of Navarre to a nephew of Hercules ' son Hispalus. He and Sully protected forests from further devastation, built Henry IV system of tree-lined highways, and constructed bridges and canals. The King restored Paris as a great city, with the Pont Neufwhich still stands Henry IV, constructed Henry IV the river Seine to connect the Right and Left Banks of the city. More Henry IV metres long and thirty-five Henry IV wide, this huge addition was built along the bank of the Henry IV River. At the time it was the longest edifice of its kind in the world. King Henry IV, a promoter of the arts by all classes of people, Henry IV hundreds of artists and craftsmen to live and work on the building's lower floors. Henry IV tradition continued for another two hundred years, Henry IV Emperor Napoleon I banned Henry IV. The art and architecture of his reign have become known as the " Henry IV style " since that time. France laid claim to New France now Canada. The conflict was Henry IV resolved until after the Thirty Years' War. During Henry's struggle for the crown, Spain had been the principal backer of the Catholic League, and it tried to thwart Henry. Under the Duke of Parmaan army from the Spanish Netherlands intervened in against Henry and foiled his siege of Paris. Another Spanish army helped the nobles opposing Henry to win the Battle of Craon against his troops in After Henry IV coronation, the war continued because there was an official tug-of-war between the French and Spanish states, but after victory at the Siege of Amiens in September the Peace of Vervins was signed Henry IV This enabled him to turn his attention to Savoy, with which he also had been fighting. Their conflicts were settled in the Treaty of Lyon ofwhich mandated territorial exchanges between France and the Duchy of Savoy. It was widely believed that in Henry was preparing to go to war against the Holy Roman Empire. The preparations were terminated by his assassination, however, and the subsequent rapprochement with Henry IV under the regency of Marie de' Medici. Even before Henry's accession to the French throne, the French Huguenots were in contact with Aragonese Moriscos in plans against the Habsburg government of Spain in the s. It granted numerous advantages to France in the Ottoman Empire. During the reign of Henry IV, various enterprises were set up to develop trade with faraway lands. No ships were sent, however, until Henry IV Henry IV proved to be a man of vision Henry IV courage. As king, he adopted policies and undertook projects to improve the lives of all subjects, which made him one of the country's most popular rulers ever. Henry is said to have originated the oft-repeated phrase " a chicken in every pot ". If God grants me life, I will make it so that no plowman in my realm will lack the means to have a chicken in his pot on Sunday! This statement epitomises the peace and relative prosperity which Henry brought to France after decades of religious war, and demonstrates how well he understood the plight of the French worker and peasant farmer. This real concern for the living conditions of the "lowly" population—who in the final analysis provided the economic basis for the power of the king and the great nobles—was perhaps without parallel among the kings of France. Following his death Henry would be remembered fondly by most of the population. He was also a great philandererfathering many children by a number of mistresses. Henry was nicknamed "the Great" Henri le Grandand in France is also called le bon roi Henri "the good Henry IV Henry" Henry IV le vert galant "The Henry IV Gallant", for his numerous mistresses.
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