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A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion. -
Faunal Surveys in Unlogged Forest of the Inhutani Ii Malinau Timber Concession, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
FAUNAL SURVEYS IN UNLOGGED FOREST OF THE INHUTANI II MALINAU TIMBER CONCESSION, EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA Timothy G. O’Brien and Robert A. Fimbel with contributions from Asri Adyati Dwiyahreni Sebastian (Bas) van Balen Jaboury Ghazoul Simon Hedges Purnama Hidayat Katharine Liston Erwin Widodo Nural Winarni Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx, New York 10460 USA Table of Contents Page Table Legends Figure Legends Appendices Section 1: Study Overview Introduction Study Purpose Study Site and Design Overview Main Findings Future Activities Section 2: Mammal Surveys Methods Results and Discussion Problems and Recommendations Section 3: Bird Surveys Methods Results Discussion Problems and Recommendations Section 4: Invertebrate Surveys Methods Results and Discussion Problems and Recommendations Table Legends Table 1. Location and length of the six survey transects. Table 2. Comparison of the six transects. Table 3. Mammal species positively identified in the Bulungan Research Forest, September-October 1998. Table 4. Numbers of groups (primates) and individuals (all other mammals) recorded during transects and timed mammal searches combined (for the CL and RIL sites). Table 5. Numbers of groups (primates) and individuals (all other mammals) recorded during timed mammal searches (for the CL and RIL sites). Table 6. Numbers of groups (primates) and individuals (all other mammals) recorded during transect surveys. Table 7. Numbers of groups (primates) and individuals (all other mammals) recorded per 100 hours and per 100 km of survey effort (transect data only). Table 8. Relative abundances (proportions) of primates and squirrels in the three sites (transects and timed mammal searches combined, minimum numbers). Table 9. Similarity coefficients (modified Morista-Horn index) for number of primates and squirrels recorded in the three sites (transects plus timed mammal searches, minimum numbers). -
Jammu and Kashmir) of India Anu Bala*, J
International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), 2014, Vol 1, No.7, 24-34. 24 Available online at http://www.ijims.com ISSN: 2348 – 0343 Butterflies of family Pieridae reported from Jammu region (Jammu and Kashmir) of India Anu Bala*, J. S. Tara and Madhvi Gupta Department of Zoology, University of Jammu Jammu-180,006, India *Corresponding author: Anu Bala Abstract The present article incorporates detailed field observations of family Pieridae in Jammu region at different altitudes during spring, summer and autumn seasons of 2012-2013. The study revealed that 13 species of butterflies belonging to 10 genera of family Pieridae exist in the study area. Most members of Family Pieridae are white or yellow. Pieridae is a large family of butterflies with about 76 genera containing approximately 1,100 species mostly from tropical Africa and Asia. Keywords :Butterflies, India, Jammu, Pieridae. Introduction Jammu and Kashmir is the northernmost state of India. It consists of the district of Bhaderwah, Doda, Jammu, Kathua, Kishtwar, Poonch, Rajouri, Ramban, Reasi, Samba and Udhampur. Most of the area of the region is hilly and Pir Panjal range separates it from the Kashmir valley and part of the great Himalayas in the eastern districts of Doda and Kishtwar. The main river is Chenab. Jammu borders Kashmir to the north, Ladakh to the east and Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south. In east west, the line of control separates Jammu from the Pakistan region called POK. The climate of the region varies with altitude. The order Lepidoptera contains over 19,000 species of butterflies and 100,000 species of moths worldwide. -
Jurnal Bioleuser Vol
Jurnal Bioleuser Vol. 2, No. 2 (Agustus 2018): 54-58 JURNAL BIOLEUSER ISSN: 2597-6753 http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/bioleuser/ Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Kupu-Kupu di Pulau Raya, Kabupaten Aceh Jaya, Provinsi Aceh. The Diversity and Distribution of Butterflies at The Raya Island, Aceh Jaya Regency, Province of Aceh. Muhammad Yusuf1, Saida Rasnovi1, Aida Fithri1, Alia Rizki1dan Suwarno1* 1Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia 23111 INFO ARTIKEL ABSTRAK Diterima: Desember 2018 Penelitian tentang keanekaragaman dan distribusi kupu-kupu di Pulau Raya sebagai pulau terluar di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya, Provinsi Aceh telah dilakukan * email korespondensi: dari bulan Mei sampai Oktober 2018. Kupu-kupu dikoleksi sepanjang garis [email protected] transek, menggunakan jaring serangga pada pukul 08.00-16.00 wib. Sebanyak 31 jenis kupu-kupu yang termasuk ke dalam empat famili telah didapatkan selama penenlitian. Famili Nymphalidae sebanyak 17 jenis adalah yang dominan, diikuti famili Pieridae (10 jenis), Papilionidae (3 jenis) dan Lycaenidae (1 jenis). Kelimpahan relatif tertinggi yaitu Junonia almana Kata kunci: (10,88%) dan terendah adalah Delias hyparete dan Euchryops cnejus (0,68%). Lepidoptera, pulau terluar, Keanekaragaman (Ĥ) kupu-kupu yang ditemukan di Pulau Raya tergolong keanekaragaman, pola tinggi dengan nilai indeks (Ĥ) = 3,14. Pola sebaran kupu-kupu yang terdapat di sebaran Pulau Raya umumnya mengelompok (83,9%) dan beberapa jenis berpola seragam (9,7%). Keywords: Lepidoptera, the outermost ABSTRACT island, diversity, patterns of A study on the diversity and distribution of butterflies at Raya Island as the distribution outermost island in Aceh Jaya Regency, Aceh Province, has been done from May until October 2018. -
Diversity Pattern of Butterfly Communities (Lepidoptera
International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Zoology Volume 2011, Article ID 818545, 8 pages doi:10.5402/2011/818545 Research Article DiversityPatternofButterflyCommunities (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidae) in Different Habitat Types in a Tropical Rain Forest of Southern Vietnam Lien Van Vu1 and Con Quang Vu2 1 Department of Biology, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam 2 Department of Insect Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Correspondence should be addressed to Lien Van Vu, [email protected] Received 26 January 2011; Accepted 1 March 2011 Academic Editors: M. Griggio and V. Tilgar Copyright © 2011 L. V. Vu and C. Quang Vu. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Diversity of butterfly communities of a tropical rain forest of Bu Gia Map National Park in South Vietnam was studied in four different habitat types (the natural forest, the disturbed forest, the bamboo forest, and the stream sides in the forest) in December 2008 and April 2009. A total of 112 species with 1703 individuals of Papilionoidae (except Lycaenidae) were recorded. The proportion of rare species tends to decrease from the natural forest to the stream sides, while the proportion of common species tends to increase from the natural forest to the stream sides. The stream sides have the greatest individual number, while the disturbed forest contains the greatest species number. The bamboo forest has the least species and individual numbers. -
A Preliminary Study on Butterflies of the Kathlaur-Kaushlian Wildlife Sanctuary, Pathankot, Punjab, India
Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 July 2015 | 7(9): 7557–7562 A preliminary study on butterflies of the Kathlaur-Kaushlian Wildlife Sanctuary, Pathankot, Punjab, India 1 2 3 Narender Sharma , P. Kumar & P.C. Tak ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Short 1,2,3 Northern Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India 218, Kaulagarh Road, Derhra Dun, Uttarakhand 248195, India 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract: A preliminary study of the butterfly diversity of the Kathlaur- butterflies have been reported from India (Varshney Kaushlian Wildlife Sanctuary (Pathankot, Punjab) India was conducted 2010a). from 10–11 November 2011. A total of 40 species belonging to 31 genera was recorded, including Libythea myrrha sanguinalis In particular, the state of Punjab is still unexplored Fruhstorfer, a new species added to the butterfly fauna of Punjab. in terms of its butterfly diversity and the available Species richness was greatest for the family Nymphalidae, with 22 species, followed by Pieridae with 10 species, Lycaenidae with four, information is mainly restricted to that published by and Papilionidae and Hesperiidae with two each. An analysis of Rose & Sidhu (2001), who provided an inventory of 74 relative abundances revealed that of the 40 species reported, 19 were species of butterflies from Punjab; Arora et al. (2006), classed as common, 15 as less common and the remaining six species as uncommon. Observations on their occurrence in different habitats who gave a brief account of 74 species from the Punjab revealed 13 species prefer scrubby habitat, 13 scrubby and grassy Shivaliks; and Sharma & Joshi (2009), who listed 41 habitat, seven grassy habitats and the remaining seven scrubby and species from Dholbaha Dam (Hoshiarpur). -
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Rec. zool. Surv. India llO(Part-2) 121-129, 2010 A REPORT ON THE PIERID BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: INSECTA) FROM INDRA GANDHI NATIONAL PARK AND WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, TAMILNADU D. JEYABALAN* Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27, 1.L. Nehru Road Kolkata-700016, India INTRODUCTION Humid biome comprises primarily of wet evergreen, Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park sub-tropical evergreen, moist deciduous, dry (formerly known as the Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary) deciduous, semi-evergreen and montane-shola lies in the Coimbatore District of Tamil N adu from grasslands. The terrain here is thickly wooded hills, 10 0 12Y2' to 11 °07'N latitude and 76°00' to 77°56Y2'E plateaus, deep valleys and rolling grasslands. Both southwest and northeast monsoons occur here. The area longitude at the southern part of the Nilgiri Biosphere is drained by several perennial and semi-perennial river Reserve in the Anamalai Hills. Altitude ranges from 340m systems like the Kallar and Sholaiar rivers and contains to 2,51 Om and annual rainfall varies between 800 mm to man-made reservoirs such as Aliar and Thirumurthy. 4500 mm. The climate is moderately warm almost The main geological formations in the area are throughout the year and fairly cold during the winter horneblende-biotite and garnetiferous biotite gneissus, months of November and December (Sekar and charnockites and plagiodase porphyry dykes. Soil on Ganesan, 2003). the slopes consists of sandy loam. The unique Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park ecological tract has an undulating topography and is one of the hot spots of biodiversity in the Western climate variations which support a wide variety of flora Ghats covering 958 sq. -
Molecular Phylogeny and Systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): Higher Classification and Biogeography
Blackwell Publishing LtdOxford, UKZOJZoological Journal of the Linnean Society0024-4082The Lin- nean Society of London, 2006? 2006 147? 239275 Original Article PHYLOGENY AND SYSTEMATICS OF THE PIERIDAEM. F. BRABY ET AL. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 147, 239–275. With 8 figures Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea): higher classification and Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-abstract/147/2/239/2631026 by Harvard Library user on 21 November 2018 biogeography MICHAEL F. BRABY1,2*, ROGER VILA1 and NAOMI E. PIERCE1 1Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2School of Botany and Zoology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia Received May 2004; accepted for publication October 2005 The systematic relationships of the butterfly family Pieridae are poorly understood. Much of our current under- standing is based primarily on detailed morphological observations made 50–70 years ago. However, the family and its putative four subfamilies and two tribes, have rarely been subjected to rigorous phylogenetic analysis. Here we present results based on an analysis of molecular characters used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Pieridae in order to infer higher-level classification above the generic level and patterns of historical biogeography. Our sample contained 90 taxa representing 74 genera and six subgenera, or 89% of all genera recognized in the family. Three complementary approaches were -
C:\2002\OCTOBE~1\Bhalodia Ratanmahal Butterflies.Pmd
Butterflies of Ratanmahal Wildlife Sanctuary K. Bhalodia et al. NOTE ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 17(10): 906-907 Common name Scientific name Occur. BUTTERFLIES OF NARAYAN SAROVAR Mar. Oct. WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, GUJARAT Small Grass Yellow Eurema brigitta rebella (Wallace) - + Ketan Bhalodia, S.M. Dave and V.C. Soni Hesperiidae Indian Skipper Spialia galba (Fabricius) - + Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat Indian Dart Potanthus pseudomaesa + - 360005, India. Although a few species of butterflies were recorded by Wynter- Blyth (1957) from Kutch located adjacent to the Sanctuary, there Gujarat exists no report on the butterflies of Narayan Sarovar Wildlife Sanctuary. This note is an attempt to fill the gap. The Narayan Sarovar Wildlife Sanctuary is known mainly due to its role in the conservation of Chinkara, Gazella benneti, and its habitat. The Sanctuary encompasses 444.23km2 and is situated 7403 74011 between 23024' to 23044'N and 68030' to 68056'E in Kutch District 22035 of Gujarat. The altitude ranges from about 3-187m. The average annual rainfall of the area is 349mm. However, the area is drought- prone and variation in rainfall from year to year is considerable. Average temperature ranges from 4-480C. Vegetation cover in Kanjeta the Sanctuary as per satellite data of 1997 indicates 2.8% dense forest, 25% sparse tree cover, 62.2% herbaceous cover, 3.8% cultivation. 0.5% water bodies and 5.2% other categories (Singh, 1998). A survey of butterflies of the Sanctuary was conducted from 6- 10 November 2000. Nearly 20% of area of the Sanctuary surrounding Narayan Sarovar Village was surveyed and butterflies were collected. -
Checklist of Butterfly Fauna of Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Arthropods, 2012, 1(3):112-117 Article Checklist of butterfly fauna of Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Farzana Perveen, Ayaz Ahmad Department of Zoology, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra-21300, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] Received 26 February 2012; Accepted 2 April 2012; Published online 5 September 2012 IAEES Abstract The butterflies play dual role, firstly as the pollinator, carries pollen from one flower to another and secondly their larvae act as the pest, injurious to various crops. Their 21 species were identified belonging to 3 different families from Kohat, Pakistan during September-December 2008. The reported families Namphalidae covered 33%, Papilionidae 10%, and Pieridae 57% biodiversity of butterflies of Kohat. In Namphalidae included: species belonging to subfamily Nymphalinae, Indian fritillary, Argynnis hyperbius Linnaeus; common castor, Ariadne merione (Cramer); painted lady, Cynthia cardui (Linnaeus); peacock pansy, Junonia almanac Linnaeus; blue pansy, J. orithya Linnaeus; common leopard, Phalantha phalantha (Drury); specie belonging to subfamily Satyrinae, white edged rock brown, Hipparchia parisatis (Kollar). In Papilionidae included: subfamily Papilioninae, lime butterfly, Papilio demoleus Linnaeus and common mormon, Pa. polytes Linnaeus. In Pieridae included: subfamily Coliaclinae, dark clouded yellow, Colias croceus (Geoffroy); subfamily Coliadinae, lemon emigrant, Catopsilia pomona Fabricius; little orange tip, C. etrida Boisduval; blue spot arab, Colotis protractus Butler; common grass yellow, Eumera hecab (Linnaeus); common brimstone, Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus); yellow orange tip, Ixias pyrene Linnaeus; subfamily Pierinae, pioneer white butterfly, Belenoi aurota Bingham; Murree green-veined white, Pieris ajaka Moore; large cabbage white, P. brassicae Linnaeus; green-veined white, P. napi (Linnaeus); small cabbage white, P. rapae Linnaeus. The wingspan of collected butterflies, minimum was 25 mm of C. -
Science Journals — AAAS
SCIENCE ADVANCES | RESEARCH ARTICLE EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; Unprecedented reorganization of holocentric exclusive licensee American Association chromosomes provides insights into the enigma of for the Advancement of Science. No claim to lepidopteran chromosome evolution original U.S. Government Jason Hill1,2*, Pasi Rastas3, Emily A. Hornett4,5,6, Ramprasad Neethiraj1, Nathan Clark7, Works. Distributed 8 1 9,10 under a Creative Nathan Morehouse , Maria de la Paz Celorio-Mancera , Jofre Carnicer Cols , Commons Attribution 11 7,12 1 1 13,14 Heinrich Dircksen , Camille Meslin , Naomi Keehnen , Peter Pruisscher , Kristin Sikkink , NonCommercial 9,10 15 1 1,16 17 Maria Vives , Heiko Vogel , Christer Wiklund , Alyssa Woronik , Carol L. Boggs , License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). Sören Nylin1, Christopher W. Wheat1* Chromosome evolution presents an enigma in the mega-diverse Lepidoptera. Most species exhibit constrained chromosome evolution with nearly identical haploid chromosome counts and chromosome-level gene collinearity among species more than 140 million years divergent. However, a few species possess radically inflated chromo- somal counts due to extensive fission and fusion events. To address this enigma of constraint in the face of an Downloaded from exceptional ability to change, we investigated an unprecedented reorganization of the standard lepidopteran chromosome structure in the green-veined white butterfly (Pieris napi). We find that gene content in P. napi has been extensively rearranged in large collinear blocks, which until now have been masked by a haploid chromosome number close to the lepidopteran average. We observe that ancient chromosome ends have been maintained and collinear blocks are enriched for functionally related genes suggesting both a mechanism and a possible role for selection in determining the boundaries of these genome-wide rearrangements. -
Revised Systematics and Higher Classification of Pierid Butterflies
Zoologica Scripta Revised systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on molecular data NIKLAS WAHLBERG,JADRANKA ROTA,MICHAEL F. BRABY,NAOMI E. PIERCE & CHRISTOPHER W. WHEAT Submitted: 5 May 2014 Wahlberg, N., Rota, J., Braby, M.F., Pierce, N.E. & Wheat, C.W. (2014). Revised Accepted: 12 July 2014 systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on doi:10.1111/zsc.12075 molecular data. — Zoologica Scripta, 43, 641–650. The butterfly family Pieridae comprises approximately 1000 described species placed in 85 genera, but the higher classification has not yet been settled. We used molecular data from eight gene regions (one mitochondrial and seven nuclear protein-coding genes) com- prising a total of ~6700 bp from 96 taxa to infer a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the family. Based on this hypothesis, we revise the higher classification for all pierid genera. We resurrect the tribe Teracolini stat. rev. in the subfamily Pierinae to include the genera Teracolus, Pinacopteryx, Gideona, Ixias, Eronia, Colotis and most likely Calopieris. We transfer Hebomoia to the tribe Anthocharidini and assign the previously unplaced gen- era Belenois and Dixeia to the subtribe Aporiina. Three lineages near the base of Pierinae (Leptosia, Elodina and Nepheronia + Pareronia) remain unplaced. For each of these, we describe and delineate new tribes: Elodinini Braby tribus nova, Leptosiaini Braby tribus nova and Nepheroniini Braby tribus nova. The proposed higher classification is based on well-supported monophyletic groups and is likely to remain stable even with the addition of more data. Corresponding author: Niklas Wahlberg, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland.