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Agricultural Productivity Program of Southern Africa (APPSA) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY LESOTHO Agricultural Productivity Program of Southern Africa (APPSA) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized VOLUME 1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared for: Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security Maseru Lesotho APPSA Safeguards Documents The Agricultural Productivity Program of Southern Africa (APPSA) safeguards documents are intended to provide complete documentation for the requirements of a holistic environmental and social safeguards management system for the project. For Lesotho, two environmental safeguards documents have been prepared: Agricultural Productivity Program of Southern Africa (APPSA) Lesotho Volume 1: Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Agricultural Productivity Program of Southern Africa (APPSA) Lesotho Volume 2: Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) Report no: 001 Issue no: 002 Date of issue 06/07/18 Prepared by: Sibekile Mtetwa - Environmental and social Safeguards Consultant 5 Soden Avenue Upper Hillside Hillside Harare Zimbabwe [email protected] Checked: …………………………………………………………. Approved: …………………………………………………………. This report is prepared for: The Director, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Maseru, Lesotho. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................... vii 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 The Agricultural Productivity Program for Southern Africa (APPSA) ............................ 1 1.2 Purpose and Objectives of the ESMF .............................................................................. 2 1.3 Structure of the Report ................................................................................................... 3 2 Description of APPSA Lesotho and its Activities .............................................................................. 5 2.1 Program Description ....................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Research and Development Priorities for the Horticultural RCoL .............................. 11 2.2.1 Proposed Research Priorities........................................................................................ 11 2.2.2 Proposed Developmental (Capacity and Knowledge Transfer) Activities .................... 14 2.3 Infrastructure Requirements ......................................................................................... 16 2.3.1 General Laboratory Facilities ........................................................................................ 16 2.3.2 Plant Tissue Culture Facilities ....................................................................................... 18 2.3.3 Plant Growth Facility .................................................................................................... 19 2.4 Biosafety Considerations .............................................................................................. 25 2.5 Implementation Arrangements ..................................................................................... 29 2.5.1 Project Implementation Unit (PIU) ............................................................................... 30 2.5.2 Safeguards Capacity of APPSA Lesotho PIU.................................................................. 30 3 Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework ........................................................................................ 32 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 32 3.2 Review of Relevant Policy Framework .......................................................................... 32 3.2.1 Poverty Reduction Strategy - National Strategic Development Plan (2012)................ 32 3.2.2 Agricultural Sector Strategy (2003) .............................................................................. 32 3.2.3 Other National Agricultural Strategies ......................................................................... 32 3.2.4 Agriculture and Food Security Policy of Lesotho (2006) .............................................. 33 3.2.5 National Biosafety Policy (2005) ................................................................................... 33 3.2.6 National Environmental Policy (1998) .......................................................................... 34 3.2.7 Lesotho Science and Technology Policy 2006-2011 (2006).......................................... 35 3.2.8 ICT Policy for Lesotho (2005) ........................................................................................ 35 3.2.9 World Bank Safeguards Policies and Guidelines .......................................................... 36 3.3 Review of Relevant Legal Framework ........................................................................... 39 3.3.1 Constitution of Lesotho – Fifth Amendment (2004) .................................................... 39 3.3.2 Environment Act No 10 of 2008 ................................................................................... 39 3.3.3 Managed Resources Areas Order (1993) ..................................................................... 41 3.3.4 Local Government Act (1997) ....................................................................................... 41 3.3.5 Land Act (2010) ............................................................................................................. 41 3.3.6 The Forestry Act (1998) ................................................................................................ 41 3.3.7 Weeds Eradication Act (1969) ...................................................................................... 41 3.3.8 Liremo Control Act (1970) ............................................................................................ 42 3.3.9 The Public Health Order (1970) .................................................................................... 42 3.3.10 Water Act (2008) .......................................................................................................... 42 3.4 International Conventions and Treaties ....................................................................... 43 3.5 Intellectual Property Rights and Indigenous Knowledge Systems for Lesotho ......... 46 3.5.1 Intellectual Property Rights .......................................................................................... 46 3.5.2 Indigenous Knowledge ................................................................................................. 47 3.5.3 Management Approach ................................................................................................ 47 3.6 Institutional Framework ................................................................................................ 48 3.6.1 Department of Environment ........................................................................................ 48 3.6.2 Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MAFS) ....................................................... 48 3.6.3 Other Participating Ministries ...................................................................................... 48 3.7 Gap Analysis Between World Bank Safeguards Policies and Lesotho Legislation ..... 49 3.7.1 Project Classification .................................................................................................... 49 i 3.7.2 Environmental and Social Assessment Procedures ...................................................... 50 3.7.3 Screening Criteria ......................................................................................................... 50 3.7.4 Disclosure Requirements, ............................................................................................. 51 3.7.5 The Framework Approach ............................................................................................ 51 3.7.6 specific instruments...................................................................................................... 52 3.7.7 public consultation requirement, ................................................................................. 52 3.7.8 health and labour safety requirements, ....................................................................... 52 3.7.9 Physical Cultural Resources OP/BP 4.11 ....................................................................... 53 3.7.10 Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 ......................................................................... 53 4 Baseline Environmental and Social Review ....................................................................................... 55 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 55 4.2 Context ........................................................................................................................... 55 4.2.1 Program Locations and Sites ........................................................................................ 57 4.3 Biophysical Baseline ...................................................................................................... 59 4.3.1 Topographical Features ...............................................................................................
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