-08-c-,7,08T 110 '.7.1E0c1HH =TV."' -In=

Ix X7C112E.E7 - 191 - APPENDIX XI. Licut. James Tuckcys Re port on N.S.W. Timber, 1802-1804. Banks (BrabDurne) PaPers, VD1.4, M1./178-3, pp.288-295.

"Observations on the various kinds of Timber of . New South Wales produces a ,_77rcnt variety of Timber trees, to some of which the Colonists have given names descriptive of their qualities, and others ti-ley call by the names of the European trees which they most resemble either iny_eaf,inruit or -4athe texture of the wood. Among the former are C l i (a-) red, i, . black butted gums, () Str ingy, and ( 3 ) Iron barks, ( 1 ) \ turpcntine, al-Ld (5) li ght wood, and the latter are the. C 6 ) She Oak, ( 7 ) Mahogany , (8 ) Cedar, t 9 ) boy , (1 0 honeysuckle, (71 ) tea pearper tree, tree and.--(74)--(74)±i tree. these trees shed their bark annuall y at the fall the ve rY. and are always in fo l iage, ths new leaves forcing off the old 1 The blue and red gums, ar ,, nearly of the same texture, they are very tough and strong, and in ship building appear to be particularly ada pted to frnmln47. The best size is from two -Peet to two and a half for when larger the timber is generally unsound in the heart. The blue zum while standing is subject to be pierced by vr.2ry minute worms, which make innumerable holes scarce visible to the naked eye. 2. 7.- lack butted Fum and stringy bark differ very little eithe., -;-; Quality or a ppearance, they are much stronger and tougher tjoP_n English Oak, and are particularly adapted to planking . They wil l also answer for lower masts, hut are too heav y for any other s pars. The toughness of this timber ap pears to be entirely in the outside, the heart being generally short, if intended for masts it should therefore be procured as near the size wanted as possible, and as it grows perfectly strai ght it W417 s-arce want any trriming. 3. Iron bark is not so tough as the two full.= but is extremely strong and hard, and runs 0:,-)-)d fr= two tr: four feet, in shir, building it would answer for framing, beams, c. In Yew South Wales it is chiefly used in house, building an2. common furniture. 4. Turpentine is a =all wood of no service except for -Plcr-ing houses, its lar gest size is 8 Inches. . Ii47Int wood grows to 20 Inches, and from its buoyancy (whence its name) is proper for building small craft e boats -

6. 7 11E: She Oak differs in its quality as it grows either in SwPflps, or Forests. The size: is from 12 to 18 inches, and when larger it is invariably shaken in the heart. The Swam p Oak has a more uniform grain and is consequently much tou gher than tl-ir forest oak, in shi p building it would answer for scantling. The forest oak is short grained the wood is apt to fly, it is used chiefly in Cabinet work, and of bcth these woods the paling and shingles are made on the Colony. 7. Mahogany runs good to three feet and by its texture can scarce be lalown from the Mahogany of Jamaica. In ship building it wil l be found particularly adapted to frnmn.. Its largest size is -- feet.

e uosTatdmoo TMT2 :pat -(1 ..Tfl q.7,;-.61U00 ==11sTom %F.:7 c piT. Tap-a7:71. •LT1 LIT :Tq0(1 id •9•T) 11Tsuop ac; sGan2T; 1u0aan0 ouor pu7 ,Tuuu T=Tut2.:,0, q.uaanD aTqtqoad 3tT1 74T:2. TDOLT01= 77:0n ac:: SG= si0n,1 sa aqmnu. uamToods oT 0A-01.1 01 ateddt 2-um11T00 uq.anci put ?LICOGS CTE • s / A:o..4onl 9.113 moTe9q U3AT2 2•7)an2T; To sumnToc xTs lsaT; T3 TICp amos ;0 sq_I-ns@a Yra. 2. uTLTDa 1.7i0d -3,1 3TU ppn7cuoc dC2.-:TonI

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7,11-0 1110.I 4 saaaq_ orfl1-8a0Aas sq 02_ -.S'eAJG'sop OS72 IT •saap.. 2u2, ;0 des 5111dn Lip ^snm UC:TUM 4 2alctleE 9u;. La To9111 auTaT; panuT;uc0 agq. 01 St ITeM st 4 =1.2.-Tom ;0 0u7:TOT;;_n1u7..E :2Tqtqoad5UTL0 sT sT1T; uT punosun aat (sduitms UT JUTLAC,I2 9SOLT1 1da0xa saTtL -4q.noE maN Tc a..pq11Tq_ a0a7T SIT;? IT e ltu; -32}1:xemaa aq 1:d1.11 II e ssaTasn Z7-,1T1U9 ST 4.T To poom SIT; 7-5uTITel 7, 7_7e statu:Acn 27=7Tals 2aqoutaq

so,-; q umoulT TT elvi "a rlDui ;0 19,7:4 7-773iL7CP- 911 sT, JTT uaGg ISA aa.A.Gu SILT q_nci 4 SdTT:s ZuTaa-mt JOJ: .TSMSUS .::-rquqoad 1; ;rag 0 nut 0M 01,o, moa; 3uTuuna 17,7= IDGY:C0= p110 31,T2T sqm-TI LJ 4 TBaT 0T,T; moa; effl'aT; Sq.T saY33; Fiaal .9G0 • 72Iacm saau10,, TIT p9sn ..)TUC 2T nut 62911 3-17 )T ST Z T .-3 1292= T 24-T UT-2.I23 smoaS 6pocm IC ssaupaeu aq9, ;0 adtus uT read e 3uTTqmGsGa ;Tn.; e 3uTaeaq op..T mos..; paTrec 02 ST 3G,11 asaa 9-1,7 °ET • 2„T0aip TTtla:s aoj: ,--amsue Iu2Tm =7-7-7; PTnags T OTTLTM eM:Ma-ee.dd -E-- 311 =.1z 3-IC 2uTiounq LIT DGsn ularaq :47.9A2U 51211 !AOut!ACT; I Se st rue g _:^:Tanc put Ti=2 sT 4.T 6 03Tr 1_,2,9T 1tT maT amtu S1T stu GS= 128; 9111, °TT .sd-rus ;c 2_-,Tacm aaddn auq. uT na.:1:07dma x-concieueApe aq sdeuaad put palIocao aat sq :TT s ;T amp ; 01 7)003 punc; 2T

;T ( oTs ) d TTTI7.E 11 ;na 621-99; OM pSOOXe 1011 2901 az-Ts rsT LICSI-102r q.acd ly • SuTpTTnq dT7s ac; ueuq_ ytac!:. :3aauT0t7 ao; aalq_T-; 4 poom 2,;c2 e ST (OST-2 11:69T S2rT mcaT pathu) 97,:ons ,auol; .0T .3uTpTTnq dTus ;0 asodand ILTaAe ao; aamsu12 pT=2, IT DUCE UCC11 SzTS ;23T 4:000M I.Tjnoq. LiSA pue pumas e ST (2GAU9T Sq.T mo.'; paTTec as) :ma .6

ca gmoa9 put A!uoTop CU LIT aaqmTp_ q.sapuncs 914 1 sTuTI u7eq_unow au. q. sTajaasaa IT3-uTmcaf? =qm 4 37,s0da-nd -,DT7CS DT.7; poTTa'0 oa put 6 stanpucH ;c 53T0:l-=0.1014 A:Tatu aupao -9

"When out down at thc, present time Jan:,, 1804 (i.e. Aug. 1804) lbs. lbs. Loss. lbs. Gum -- red 79 1 67 3 12 -- blue 68 6 59 7 9_ - blackbutted 77 4 62 5 9 Bark Stringy 67 59 71 8c, Troy, 74 3 mgmay■..■ 70 2 4 Mahogany 66 8 60 6 6 She Oak 65 55 8 10 77 Boa 77 2 t. 1 4 Tea tree 69 5 60 5 9 Cedar 60 10 Apple tree 71 3 63

?crest Red. Gum tereticornis 75 ;A.D. 54-67, (Mean 61) S ydne y Blue Gum E. salizna Green 72 ; k. D. 40-64. (Mean 52) Blackbutt E. pilularis Green 70 ; A.D. 45-65. (Mean 56) Stringybark E. eugenioides Green 70 ; 44-58. (Mean 52) Ironbark E. panimilata Green SO ; A.D. 6 2 -75. (Mean 70) Red Mahogany E. r,:sinifera Green 72 ; A.L. 52-66. (M,,,7r1 59) Ore- Box E. moluccana Greer 80 7 A.D. 60-77. (Mean 70)

These figures are from I.H. Boas : The Commercial Timbers of , their Pro perties and Ises, Melb., Other works (e.g. M. Wallis Australian Timber Handbook, Svd., 1956) give figures which may be at variance a pound or two either way. Although muckeys s pecimens w=e hardly well seasoned, his fiEures indicate that his tests were fairly accurately carried out. His work also reflects the desire to investigate scientifically, with the use of a standard, the claims that colonial woods were rather too heavy for shi pbuilding purposes.

Classic ,, ti ons of Tuckey s other timbers are brobably;

Turpentine Syncarpia glomulifera Light wood Ceratonetalum apetalum (i.e. Coachwood) ;:37;amp Oak Casuarina glauca lForest Oak Casuarina toruiosa Cedar Toona australis Honey suckse Banksia serrata and/or E.integrifolia Tea Trope Mela1,2uca linariifolia Pear Tree Xylomel= p7riforme Apple Tree Angolohor:. cos rata Fig 2rec Ficus rubiinosa Port Jackson Fig) "each", perhaps White Bcc,cL, Gmelina leichhardtif. If sa, one o-F thc earliest refer ence to this timber. The tree was -F ound s-Darsly north of the Shoalhaven being rare between illawarra and Eris bah Water ,but more ntifill thc: northcrn- rainforests. More thy: tro was White Cherry or Crab Appl, Schizomeria ovata, 7till known as Beech in the 1360s. (See Woolis to Hassall, `2, Oct. 1854, ILl.ssaTi Correspondence, Vol.2. ,,I _1677 p.1101. A2P=IIY nT7S -. OF PF7-VAI:JING 7=BER TREES OF NW SOUTH A.I.J9 - 9 18 20.

Eigge z Re port (Appendix) -1 -

AFTENDLX XII. "Thi.st of Prevailing Tjmber Trees of New South Wales", c.1820. Big g c: Re port, A ppendix, MI,BT. Box 25, pp.5465-5469.

This written submission to the Commissioner of Enaui .r.y was certainly pre pared by either the Kings Botanist, Allan Cunningham or the Colonial Botanist Charles Fraser. It may even have been a combined effort, although Cunningham was away from with Lieut. P. P. King on survey voya ges for most of the period during which the enauiry was held. This submission is ,r-articularly interesting because of the Ip plicat= of botanieT.1 names to s pecies of trc .:..s for which specific uses had been found. Current botanical names or like-, classifications have been n dded, otherwise the re port is as written in the Bonwick Transcripts. "Banksia White Honej-suchle, general height 30 feet, an 3v .==zrer.. Inhabits Sandy Tracts on the !Banks:La uo(_.,d for mees- for Boats. Banksia serratta, Rec.. Honeysuckle, general height 20 feet, [Eanksia serrata3 an evergreen. Inhabits Sandy Tracts on the Sea Shore -- used for Boat imees, and ornamental purposes -- Xylamelum Pyreformis, Wooden_ Fear, general height 40 feet, [Xviomi,lum pyriforme] diameter 14 inches, and ever green, used for Gun Stocks, and ornamantal purposes Melia Azedarach, White Cedar, general height 40 feet, rMella azedarach., diameter 14 inches, an evergreen, used var. aust,-71a,-,--ic--1 for aun Stocks, and ornamental purposes.!--

o-F- ad general height 20 feet, eToona _, deciduous, grows on the Banks of Rivers, and ravines in the Blue Mountains, used for Haval, and household purposes.-- F Thor` could well be a nought missing in

Eucalyptus r e sinif era, red Gum, general height 100 feet, an FEthe," evergre,en, used for household purposes, or E.toretioornisi and is the best fire wood in the Country. robusta, Brown Gum, general height 80 feet, an [Possibly E.robusta] evergreen, used for household purposes.-- saligna, Uullam [sic, but meant to be Willow] leafed [Perhaps E.saiigna Gum, gensral height 30 feet diameter not hut dimensions exceeding feet, used for household suggest smaller tree] purposes, an evergreen. Du Piperita, Per.Permint Tree, general height 60 to EF.;31Perital 80 feet, an evergreen, used for household Purposes. DR Bl ue Gum, general height 70 to 80 feet, an evergreen, 7E.saligna] growinr in moist Forests, used for naval, household and agricultural purposes.

-sesnolf ".. uTTOu,,als Jo; posn [isoTnJo; 91i 6 ua9a3aaAc ue 2„co; 0c q.u2Tau Teaauo2 4 usoTna.eil tic[ E-cnroTaq.2•0

s 3 T3uT4$ Plm 41 I G3ITT ss-E 4.-TO srDsodand pTou:)snou ao; Tmsn 6 uoca5a3Ao 5orreT -75uT=ts.u.cj ue ‘q-cc; 09 qJq-DT;DTJ Teacuc2 .aq.o-Tq.2 ao=rms-,--30

ur 4 29s0dand pTou:-)snog ,Tc; 0c oq_ Tra=D  Si7.7=4. tisaa; Tro ;o =)21D ,D ao p7E 6urod9j1 tpunciTaou .7-Toaolju7-1 914 ,;(:) s:lues -Dug. ;c aTddy. ra7J4dc2uv

s ssodana rTolq:?sncti [rTAaaumbuTnb TI;ang_rnoTa2e ‘TrAEN,JO; posn llaaafaaA 2:Tgra.caci. 4 uo ; ,Do; 08 Tracuc2 1%larE .2uTaq_s s9-rods roncTrT3E

• sosodand p-rorTAsnou, E adds.77,, Tran4TnoTa2r ao; posn u,c,-7)a3acA? T.11 6q.c7,); rq_17:TnoTuua.a:

COT (DI OP, g T acaT - j TD7 Traom3 O • oc. sod,ind ToA-L1 ,7 q_ucrpooxc 7,74-en: q_uapT;ucc DT-nom ptzc 6courpunqr uT sT IT 6q-; 00T 0 l._ 622uTI0 rsTpuraS-7-7 TO S_TEr6E IC ,.DAT-,,u q=,oT;Tuaaa 7 - “C

7 ,-,q_TnoTsx.21; pTouosno7:: ao;sri 6u-oadDfq ;o ofuca c2J11::u zaJaa.A cl [ST-721-1,1!_11eal uu q- s,),T 09 ITJT 9T-T. 170-17Ju- oC sasod,rnd [.73TuT,T;r- • 71 sdrITa7,,d pTou[snou Jog. pcsn 6q.; ac csuaacT;TarT-E] 6 acTa4.al Tc xcr parisrr 4IC 004 0 1=9 ac; p en aaaalr o p 7 ,.73.q:_,=TT) -c-u ccn1or:•aj 6 9,oa; 09 2,-RST707 TraucS xor

• =c1cLI 009 1. O ..7:_zrq 3.T, TO 0AT2rru 6 scsodand T7an;TnoTa3 7,-, pu7; TD -roosnov JOT pasn 6 uoDa0.1c 4=1. H:,,aciran.a] 09 q_q2TcilIT Tta=2 °./117:3=17,7 Dr=2,2-cg stodi2T-cona

pur; T-JAuN Jo; p,)sn 4.a:-)r?J2.1 Eraa.,17a7;sa°221

` d oe; 06 0q- 09 177:-10u3S 6sIsTuoT00 TO 1Cur2cq-cw 8a • mn-D (oTs O Q Tn,771=2,q. q_som 3u, q_ pugur ‘scsociand TrArH JO .T posn 217L 7CE [tuT .Int T 7-Jul74sTaTil uo smoa) q- ,)- a ,; 00T O. 06 I.q.7g T c.0 1-717-.7w2 6 Turlo a9;-civ, 8d

-- • sasodand pTo7asnolIT pur Trang_TncTa2r JOT p osn 4 uaaa2a,cAc ur rsTat:TnTTa•7] 6 • 1 ^r-17 6 q.@3; Traaup2 ;,7orq.ncq. :.317),Tq 8G

- T - - 198 -

Dqo general height 70 feet, Inhabits the Banks C . cunninghamiana] of fresh water Streams, Used for household and agricultural purposes. Dn Native of the Interior, general height 80 [C.cristata] feet, excellent Timber, but too far inland.-- Cuppusis macrocarpus, great fruited Cypress of the Interior, i.e. Cupressus general height 90 to 100 feet, a Magnificent [Callitris hugelii] Tree, excellent Timber, producing a great deal of rosin, an evergreen, it has not as yet from its great distance inland, been brought into use.-- DRAustralis, general height 70 feet, used formerly for rhomboidea Naval purposes, extinct in the vicinity or C.muelleri neither of Fort Jackson, it abounds at Port Bowen. of which extend to Port Bowen (Port Clinton ] Dqo Native of the high Lands near Bathurst, [Callitris end-licherij general height 50 feet, Diameter 16 to 18 inches, used at Bathurst for house- hold purposes. A .gillficentt Tree allied to Exocarpus, native of Port Macquarie Possibly Port general height 70 to 80 feet, Timber Mac ctuari e Pine , light, and excellant, it is in abundance, [Callitris macleayana7 an evergreen. Rose Wood, doubtful, general height 90 to 100 feet, EDysoxylum abounds on the Hastings, and Hunters fraseranum] River excellent Timber, an evergreen.-- Acacia decurrens, Green 7Attie, general height 30 feet, [LAcaciaAcacia decurrens Timber not much used, Bark used for group. Tanning -- an evergreen.

DJvq melanaaylon, Black. wooded Acacia, used for household cacia melanox7lon purposes.

Exclusive of the above there are on the sources of the Hastings, many Species of Eucalyptus, Proteaceous Trees, and others, which have the appearance of being mach finer then any Thing which grows in the colony of Port Jackson."

See also Appendix 7111 for timber uses. • E7E tiC 71-7. LTC C

OtL •.1.0: ° LLIT:ri.`ML117,27...): iC 0 SI:17X,ci - 200-

APFEND(XI T I. Expansion of Settlement in N.S.W. due to the_Occurrence of Red Cedar.

From contemporary news papers, HR, reminiscences, local histories and other sources, the followinFz7 appears TO havc been the pattern of settlement ex pansion due to thc occurrence of Red Cedar in the rainforests of South Wales

Hawkesbury-e pean : cedar discovered by Feb.1790. Cutting for ex pert, 1795. Hunter , Wi7ljams, Paterson Rivors r cedar discovered soon after 1 797 and ex p orted 1801. ShoP l haven : cedar e::ported to Sydney by end of 1 81 1. G.W. Evans re ported "much fine Cedar" in the aroa in 1812, cutters arrved in some force b:r the end of that year. SE,. Chapter p.61. Cutting ClZ,77 Dec. 1814, but vigorously revived in 1820s. 7 7 1awarra G.W. Evans - -,e17.rted "Cedar and Sn cfac." in this are:_ fn 1812. See Cha pter e.62. Cedar-cutting was in full operation by 1818. Se Chapter p.68. Port Stenh p-ns : So! n_ WiSC71r. imported his first shipment of over 7,600 ft. of cedar from Port Stephens in Dec.1816 • Witij a year John Redmond and the Reibeys were shipping cedar from toe same source.. 0=s ton : Shi pping Arrivals, pp.102 Et seq. Hasttnci. s : cedar eut soon after first settlo:ient, 1821. Tiaccuarie Lnstructa the first Commandant, Capt. Francis =man. 16 Mar. 1821, tc send cedar "for the Public Works at Syancy" as soon as possible. HR, X, p.487. Brisbane Water Distr i ct : In 1832 it was recorded that "the w}-1r)1P of this countr:, from Wycng to. the Myall Li.e. Sugarloaf Range] and f roTM. War-ewolong to the Lakes ii.e. Tuggerahl is very heavily t,mbr-ree_, particularly ih the gullies; groat q uantiti e s of cedar and other valuable woods abound, but are fast disap pearing under the; hinds of th.- sawyers." The N.S.W. Calendar and General Toet Office Directory, Syd., 1832, p.152. Uladulin : the Rev. Thomas _Kendall took up a grant and began tr dinr-- in cedar in 1828. Payley : History of Ehoalhaven, Nowra, 1965 9 P.38; :,uct.Dict.Bi:: g ., 2, p.42. : 1829 it was claimed that "Mr. Onslow hasbeen there nearl y three years" during which he had cut "about 200,000 feet" of cedar, chiefly: on Crown land. Sydney Monitor, 28 Nov. 1829. See also Harris : Settle= and Convicts, p.105. "ne7; Tivcr") discovered by Capt. Samuel Wri,77ht via the Hastings and .aria Rivers im 1826. Sawyers arrived about 1835, after the YAanning cedar had been reduced. Early in 1836, Gov. Bourke " promul gated an order by which the cuttin g of cedar was restricted cm the ilanning, and the intermediate country, extordin,7 to the New, or LI Leay River. On that river, we. hear, the value of lan ,d is under` oing excessive depreciation, in consequence- of the cuttin g , which is stated to have gone already to nn n 1 =11ng artc:nt- pn . bcth-cides :2f-the river. A Imlniaer.of-vessels are now waiting for sorea hundred thousand feet thus to be acauired." Svd.Gaz., 11 Feb. 1E36. In March, 1837, the Medora arrived in

wi_th 21--. 9 00C ft. of ifiacd=y cedar. JEAHE, 792 1 , -c.09. In jul had s= 260 9 000 ft. o± o:5ar " 7 7-inz- ran:y a Trial lay." 7y7ood:2n inilways anc]. trucks wcire bon7 bail: ts ccnvey codar ts stacks. LE:tter of 2 July 7 839 to 71ri,;:nt 9 A1115 .2Js---Ibucc:7.- 2 Jchn Ferri= had son as the :T.T.L-ibucca by July 1E59 "al= Ylen9 acconi panied by some Hacks.. Cedar doaLfh17 9T.T.cwtan I dearier Wm. y -,,-11"5e 3y 1842 tncre was "a decided :rec.=.-e _or ,--e _ _Leh, no for cod,- -.7r 7 a o acz ,on bair of sa-T-ers .31,"Jii, 15 San:. IlEft .3y June 1E17, La _nna 7h-s- codar :-,erchlnt at tho wPs every ocean re ssuroan 20 un.: • „)L ,:n "first f-ound in.. . 2 1-7 by -"17.77-2-S" aca se-ok_11; 1.:1-arch 18L1 3: who found th,,-e the cedar --id = aner seen,thE trunks a:ad nini,:H5y ftnt einrtr==7,-- sarea :)1,17 a si_ngl Ho4:kins= : 1D-D.26, 2.3111LF-Jr.- an: dcscni_bed as "-that s-r_)=n(-,, cedar anon: "svc-ra1 pair 2 7 s,,w7-rs" 1,-, 1rcady corr,,,-.nccd era cons." SSEQ 20 June 154-5. Isar ccanaanJ 77 Ilanirac narks Lin 1911, 7:-.260, "alas first =an sons tan-sawyers thE scrub" was Clo=2,7cn in 1857. areno: The Clarence liner was oonto about 7;77, a:: 1E58) by ,,-,orsons aha,:psed in 71-1:: cinttinz of Cedar. I-.1:,3s11, 2E :-3e7-,t. 1S40, HP.: 9 = 9 o.3.-C. 7:Lon=na coda-r-outtLro T overiand:_d i f-r. rr. C7-ren-: lion -1.1._d a Hiv=, 166, b‘b.27 an ,,c. : Hy L-c:f=. and dada Ecyc. vror cutting 7_ 1-3runswick brushos, and cthers from the aichmcn followed as 7hO "handy cedar" alon,:: 71:.= river was cuT, out. When the "bandy Brunswick cedar was ads:. ann 9 thcro was a re-aura tn alan Rtc1-7,-)nd and to the "3ic: :-..crub", which =tended fr= the. Tucki Swampthc-- Yic 7nerson Ran:;. Branan-octe cuttinc: ra.vived in the 1360: with thc. bullock w:rtan an scrubs some distanoc fran tie croon. James _InswortL-1 Reminiscences : the 7=77 - c 7 7_1 cear outt:-,rs L=th and south came T.s. ohs. 1303- to- 27 1 50 th;;rc. a 17 7ien" wo-k-ir in tr-,, naiad or::::. Ca:- of th.o-s;.,.. was Jone s Stott, aft= whom Stc7tIs :eland was na=e ,:.. Sae C11:...pti:r -cb.157, 256. There was an immense aunt1tv of car ft a r.adius of three hundred acres there w.7..s, said a: cc about Z8 9 000 or i,10,000 wcrth of anus beautiful wood. There -..re f .,yr en the 2°1=7: where it s no tD be. found 1n sacs. 1=fusion." 3121 9 26 1369. • • I I t-) cu I U.1 rj) t;_l I

1.1 0 t_ L i I t:J !

I--I I 3I H E/1 C/i I-g C) F 11.1

U:, I-4 I--1 k. - 203 - APPENDIX. XIV VISITS BY NON-BRITISH SCIENTIFIC AND SURVEY EXPEDITIONS TO N.S.W., 1788 - 1855

Duration Commander(s) of and N.S.W. areas visited, botanical results, references, etc. Voyage Nationality Vessel(s) Botanists/Naturalists

Botany Bay, Jan. - Mar. 1788. Collections lost with expedition on Vanikoro Roof, 1785-1788 Jean Francois Boussole Pare Louis le Rocevour, chaplain/ Santa Cruz. Le Rocevours grave at La P6rouso has boon well maintained. See Thesis I, Galaup, Comte Astrolabe naturalist; Prevost, uncle and nephew pp.115-116. A search expedition (1791-1794) in ROchercho and Esporanco under Admiral de la Pe rouse botanical draftsmen; Bossieu de la (French) Joseph do Bruni, Chovnlier dEntrocastoaux, carried a well e quipped scientific staff, Martinibro, medical officer/botanist; but it did not visit N.S.W. Soo Thesis I, pp.116-118. Dufrosne, naturalist; Collignon, gardener/botanist

Port Jackson, Parramatta, Prospect and , Mar. - Apr., 1793. Nee recorded: 1789 -170 Alojandro Doscubiorta Thaddaous Haonko, bctanist/naturalist;• Malaspina; Atrovida Antonio Pineda, naturalist (died at . • "in 27 days I collected more than 1000 of a now kind and of each various Jose do Bustamanto Luzon); Luis do Noo, botanist; ipocios." (i.e. specimens). Those wore given to Antonio Jose Cavanillos (1745-1804) y Guorra (Spanish) Jose do Guio, "disocador y pintor who described and named some species for the first time Sec Thosic I, pp.118-119 and botanicc." Appendix XXVI; A.G. V.M. Day: The Spanish at Port Jackson, Syd., 1967; Muolleria (Molb.) I, 1, Aug. 1955; A. J. Cavanillos (od.): Obsorvacioncs sobro at suolo, naturalos, y planta del Puerto Jackson y Bahia Bctanica (Notes on the soil, natives and plants cf Port Jackson and Botany Bay) in Analos do Histcria Natural, Madrid, III, Mar. 1800, pp.181-245, and A. J. Cavanillos: looros at doscriptionos olantarum ouac aut sponti in Hispania crescunt, Madrid, 1791-1301.

1800-1804 Nicholas Baudin; Gacgrapho Louis Theodore Leschenault do la Tour Port Jackson, 20 June - 18 Nov. 1802. The expedition arrived sadly reduced by scurvy J. F. Emmanuel Naturalisto (1773-1826), botanist; Francois Peron and dysentery. At Port Jackson, Baudin purchased the 30-ton colonial-built schooner, Hamolin dos Essarts; Casuarina (1775-1810), zoologist; Charles Casuarina, sc named because of the principal timber used in her construction. Louis Claude do Aloxendro Losuour (1778-1846), "pointio Leschenault do la Tour wrote a "Notice sur La vegetation do la Ncuvolla Hollando" Freycinot (French) dhistoiro naturollo"; Ansolmo Riodló which was incorporated into Voyage do Docouvortos aux Torres Australos . . . Paris, (d. at Timer, 21 Oct. 1801), hood- 1807, 1816. (Vol. I by Peron and Vol. II by Froycinot). Eighty specimens, including gardener; Antoine Sautior (d. at sea, some from Fort Jackson, collected en this expedition are still prosorvod at Oxford. 15 Nov. 1801), end Antoine Guichonct. Soo Clokio: Herbaria of Oxford, p.127. The colobratod Adrion do Jussiou (1797-1853) Thrcc other sciontists, Joan Baptista described some of the Australian plants, and Aino Jacques Alexandre Bcnpland (1773-1858) Bory do St. Vincent, A. Michaux and included some Australian species raised froia seeds collected on this expedition in his J. Dolisso disoobarkod at Mauritius. hand-coloured folio, Descriptions dos Flantos Bares cultivoos a Malmaiscn of a Navarro, Paris, 1815.

Two Russian vessels, thc Nadiojeda (Capt. L. G. von Krusonstorn) and Nova (Capt. 1806-1809 Liout. L. V. Nova Scientific personnel not known. Lisianskoi) wore expected to call at Port Jackson during their voyage cf 1303-1806. Hagomoiotor (Hobart to King, 27 Juno 1803, HRA, IV, pp.306307). This visit did not ovontuato, (Russian) but or, a return voyage to thc North Pacific, the Nova stayed at Port Jackson, 15 Juno to 1 July 1807. The expedition was mainly concerned with victualling,a Russian outpost on the N.W. coast of America, and may not have carried scientists. Enquiries made of the Academy cf Sciences, Moscow, in. June 1965 (on the advice of the Soviet Embassy, Canberra) have not as yet drawn any reply. Soo Syd. Gaz., 21 and 28 Juno, 5 July 1807; HRA, VI, pp.159,716 and V. Fitzhordingc in JRAHS, 1965, pp.118-119. 1817-1820 Louis Claude de Urania Charles laudichaud-Boaupre (1789-1854) p At Port Jackson 19th Nov. to 26 Doc. 1819 (MBA, X, pp.285-281 ). "Though no profossod Saulcos do Freycinet "pharmacion-botanisto"; Joan Rona 'naturalist was attached to the expedition, our navigators undertook the task of (French) Constant Quoy (1790-1869) and Joseph 1 'collecting for the Museums, if not investigating, every interesting specimen of the Foul Gaimard (1795-1360) medical officer: throe kingdoms." (Arago). From 27 Nov. to 9 Doc. three members of the expedition - Charles Geudichnud-Beaupro, Joan Reno Constant Quay end Alphonse Follion, with the biassing of Governor Macquarie and the guidance of Lieut. Wm. Lawson, made an excursion Ovor the Blue Mts. through larracatta, Frospoct, Ponrith, Emu Plains, Springwood, Mt. York and Hartley Valley tc, Bathurst. Gaudichaud collected plants, Qucy, a surgeon, preserved birds and collected geological specimens, and Fellicn Eado sketches. Mean- while John Oxley accompanied another artist, Jacques Arage and others to Liverpool and Kirkham. The artist's companions, whoever they were, "betook themselves to botanical researches," while AraFc sought "a landscape for my pencil " Notwithstanding the wreck of the Urania in Feb. 182C, the expedition returned to Franco in the Fhysicionno with "about three thousand species" of dried plants, "four or five hundred of which aro not to be found in the herbaria of the Museum of Natural History, and at least twelve hundred of which are unknown." Gaudicheud's "Botaniquo" (1826) was acccmpaniod by a magnificent elephant folio of black and white plates by icirat (1826). See also L. de Froycinat: Voya ge autour du Ronde ... pendant les annees 1817, 1818, 1315' et 1820 ... Paris, 1826, and e. Arft7o: Narrative of a Voyage round the world in the Urania and Physiciunne ... on a scientific expedition ... 1825, also 0. & W. L. Havard in JRASS, 1933, pp. 2245-260.

181 9-1 821 Capt. Glyct Dlagonam- Stain, naturalist l At Fort Jackson during March 1820 en route to the Arctic. Allan Cunningham accompanied Shishmarev yeronny Karneyeck, artist iStei:n and Karnoyock on a ten-day excursion into the Blue Mts. (Macquarie to Bathurst, Capt. Vassiliov Otkryitio l 1 Sept. 1820, HRA, X, p.369; rub. Serv. Jour., 10 April 1903; W. G. McMinn: Allan (Russian) Cunnim:ham, Molb., 1970, pp.42-45.

1819-1321 Capt Thaddeus Vostok Paul Milchailcv, artist This expedition loft Kronstadt 16 July 1319 in consort with the above, bound for the von Bullingshauson lrof. Simancv, astronomer Antarctic. The commander was instructed "to gather a colloction of plants together (17M-1852) with their description, asd a collection of samples of every species of tree." However, Ca'pt. Mikhail Mirnyi the Imperial Acadomy of Science did not have time to prepare details for "the foreign Lazarov scientists" (Mertens and Kuntzo) who missed the ships anyway! Efforts tc find (Russian) replacements failed, even the egad Banks being unable to holp, and the expedition "had to start without a naturalist." The two ships wore in Port Jackson durin g April-May and again in Septe:.bor-Octobor, 1320. Ship repairs wore effected with Rod Cedar, Ironbark and Mahogany. Bellingshausen made some botanical cbsorvaticns and a collection of over 50 species of plants from around Fort Jackson, and a further 17 or 18 species (some indigenous) from the Governor's Gordon. These specimens wore later referred to "the naturalists Eichonweld and Fischer". who apparently provided the botanical names published for the benefit of "lovers of Natural History." See Macquarie tc Bathurst, 1 Sept. 1820, HRA, X, pp.369-318; Frank Dobonham (Ed.): The Voyage of Captain Bollinshauson to the Antarctic Seas, 1819-1621, Lend., 1845; V. Fitzhardingo in JBAHS, 1965, pp. 121 of seq. Other Russian expeditions visited Fort Jackson, 1822-1835, but no details of any botanical work have boon discovered. See Fitzhardingo in JRAHS, 1965, pp.13 14 of seg. - 205 -

1822-1325 Capt. Louis Coquille Rom, PrimovOre Lesson (1794-1849), At rort- Jackson, 17 Jan. - 20 Mar. 1824. Lesson and DUrvillo made a 15-day tour over Isidore Duporroy medical officer-naturalist; Jules Blue Mts. to Bathurst (29 Jan. - 12 Fob. 1624). Beforo and after their tour, the (French) Sobastion Cosar Dumont dUrvillc (1790- Frenchmen worn received at •arraratta by Governor Brisbane and by Allan Cunningham who 1842), second in conTand and botanist;. provided travelling advice and acme of his duplicate spocirons. Soo lub. Sorv. Jour., 1-rospor Garnet, medical officer-botanistl 5 May 1903, p.12; 0. V. L. Havard in JRAHS, 1938, pp.265-264; Howard: Biog. Sketch, ; p.61; McMinn: Cunningham, pp.61,116.

1824-1826 Hyacinthe Yves Thetis Francois Louis Bussouil, principal At Fort Jackscn, 30 Juno - 21 Sopt. 1525. Results chiefly zoological. Syd. Gaz., T4ilippo lotontin, Esporanco surgeon, made natural history colloction TJuly and 22 Sept. 1825. Monument to La 1-6rouse at Botany Bay was commenced by baron de Bougainville during this visit. 3ougainvillo (French)

1826-1829 J.S.C.Dumont Astrolabo Pierre Adolphe Lesson, botanical At Fort Jackson, 1 - 19 Doc. 1326. Bctaniquo of the published account was compiled DUrvillo (formerly collector; Jean Rene Constant Qucy, by Lesson and Archille Richard (1754-1352) a noted French botanical author. Richard (1790-1842) Coquille) medical officer, "professor at rocordod that Charles Fraser, "directour du Jardin botaniquo" at Sydney, had giver. (French) naturalisto"; Joseph Foul Gaimard (1793- Lesson run aasez grand nombre dospacos intoressantes" from the Blue Mts„ fort 1858), "chirurgion-major et naturaliste".; Mac q uarie, Mcreton Bay, Melville Island "ot do quelquos autras parties do la Nouvollo- Lieut. Charles Hector Jacquinot (1796- : Hollando." Soo Voyago do Decouvortos do lAstrolabo ... pendant les annOos 1826-1827- 15..79) was also a keen naturalist, as was. 1823-1825 sur lo commandumunt do M. J. Dumont DUrvillu. Dotaniquo I, by MM. A. DUrville himsolf. Lesson and A. Richard, Paris, 1632 and II by A. Richard, Paris, 1354. Largoly of N.Z. interest. DUrville returned to Australian waters in Astrolabe and Vile() (Capt. Charles Hector Jacquinot) making two visits to Hobart, lato 1855 - early 1840. The •:surgeons, Honors Jacquinot and Hcmbron made plant collections which they described With the aid of Camillo Montagne and Joseph Doscaine in two Ovo. volumes of text and a • folio atlas. These appeared between 1345 and 1655 as part of the expeditions sumptuous record in 23 volumes of text and 7 atlasos. This work had no specific N.S.j, significance but it was in the finest tradition of French scientific works. DUrvillo was tragically incinerated with his wife and son in a railway carriage near Versailles in May 1342.

1350-1852 Cyrille Dierro Favorite Fortune Theodore Eydoux (1305-1841) At Port Jackson, 17 Aug. - 21 Sept. 1851. Results chiefly zoological. See C.F.T. Teodore Laplaco surgeon and naturalist Laplaco: Voyage autour du Monde ... execute sur la Corvette ... La Favorite ... (1795-1875) Paris, 1335-1835. (French)

1856-1855 Atol du jetit- Venus Some collections of natural history :Port Jackson, 24 Nov. - 9 Doc. 1838. Some of the plants collected during the Ihouars specimens wore made by the senior expedition wore described and illustrated in Abel du I-stit-Thouars: Voyage autour du (French) surgeon, Adolphe-Simon Neboux, and by Mondo sur la Fre,Q;ato la Venus pendant los annoes 1636-1839. Atlas do Botaniquo, the accounting officer, Emilo-Charles iaris, 1846, contains 28 fin: Black and white plates. Neither this ncr the Botaniquo, Fillioux. Iris, 1564, by Jcsoph Docaisne (1807-1832) has mach N.S.W. significance, although some W.A. plants wore figured, -206 - - • Charles Wilkes Vinconnos Then.) was a substantial "scientific At Port. Jackson, 29 Nov. - 26 Doc. 1539. Ilants collected at Fort Jackson, Cooks (U.S.A.) peacock corps", including W. D. Drackonridgo, River, Illawarra and Hunter Liver. Results of expedition were planned in 24 4to iorpoiso botanist; Charles Pickerirw, medical - volumes and 11 atlases, of which the botany was coiapilod by Irof. Asa Gray of Harvard Seagull officer and botanist; William Rich, (Phanorogams); W. D. Brackenridge (Ferns); and others (Mosses, Lichens, Algae etc.) Flying Fish botanist. comprisod three voluues and 2 atlases. A second volume on flowering plants by Gray • Relief Was not printed. Soo Charles Wilkes: Narrative of the United States Explorirs- EXpedition during the years 1558, 1839, 1040, 1841, 1842 ihiladelphia, 1844; sa., Gray: United States Ex;loring Expedition ... Lotany, ihanerogauis, N.Y., 1854; Brackenridge: United States Exploring Expedition ... Dotany. Cryptogamia, Filices, N.Y., 18511-1355.

Capt. C. A. EuEnic N. Anderson and K. Johansson, "scientific At" Fort Jackson, 21 - 31 October 1852. Soho natural history collections code. SMH, ??.,. Oct. and 1_Nov. 1352; Kongliga Svonska Frogatton EuFonios Rosa omkrinir jorden, Virgin gontlomon"; thorn wore also three • (Swedish) surgeons, W. Kinbcrg, C. M. Cornell, under bofal of C.A. Virgin, iron, 1851-1855 ... Stockholm and Upsala, 1857-1910. E. Ekstromor.

4;i24

Commodoro Vinconnos Dr. Wm. Stinson, naturalist. jAtjort Jackson, 26 Doc. 1353 - 3 Jan. 1854. Called only for water during survey C. Ringgold .1.yeyage. Expedition had "a cplondid library". Ringgold had boon at Fort Jackson (U.S.A.) :11 ,11;yoars before in the iorpciso (see above). Si,iH, 27 Doc. 1853. Soo C. Hedloy in :Proo:Roy. Soc. NSW, 1914, pp.140-151 for extracts from Stinsons journal, with , a.ócounts of visits to the otanic Gardens and tc the gardens of the Macluays and of Six John Nicholson.

„.1a: :if 1 . Commodoro Novara "Scientific gontlonon" included Dr. ".WFOrt Jackson, 5 Nov. - 7 Doc. 1358. Soho natural history collections hada. Soo Dornhard von Edward Schwarz and Wonzol Jolinock V-Karl”. . Aron Schorzor: Narrative of tho Circumnavigation of the Globe by the Austrian WUllorstorf- botanists; Dr. Ferdinand HochstOtter, -* Frigate Novara ... Lond., 1361, also SIN;, 6 end 3 Nov. 1858. Urbair geologist; George Frauonfoldor and -.....q: (Austrian) Joseph Zolobor, zoologists; Joseph 3 Solony, artist; Karl Schorzor, ethnologist. APPENDIX XV

BOTANICAL NAMES AND AUTHORS OF PLANTS

MENTIONED IN THIS STUDY -208-

Ahutilon Fraser- Hock. (= Sia fPap,eri hook.) tuuiots.um A. Cunn. ex hook. Acacia acinacea Lindl. anel.i.ra F. Muell. armata R. Br. as.r;era Lindl. asp,:;m Lindl. var. dencifohia Benth.

baile?ana F. Muell. Hner-)ata DC. .).0, rycea2.a (Vent.) Desf. (= .:Licco -Lor (Andr.) bracrLystachya Lcnth. biz-Lfoiia Cunt:.

ca74,,agei R.T. Baker cardioph7.illa A. Cunn. colietioides A. Clmn. conferta A. Cunn. cuitrifoani:? A. Curti- ex C. Don. cunninghami.i Hook, var. longispicata Benth.

dealbata Link decurren$ (Wendl.) Wind. (-7-iffuea Lindi. vaI. cu3pidata (A. Cunn.) (= A. cuspidata A.Cunn. McS.) dorataxylon A. Cunn.

elata R. Cunn. excelsa Benth.

falcata -rarinosa farnesiana

harpopqlla- F. Muell. homaloz)hyl -La A. Gunn.

implexa Benth. irrorata Sieb. ex Spreng.

juncifolic Benth. A. pinifolia Benth.)

lanigera A. Cunn. 7,eptociada A. Cunn. longifolia (Andr a) Willd. longifolic (Andr.) var. sophorae (Labill.) F. Muell.

macradenia Bench. mearnsii De Wild. ianox2 R. Br. myrtifohia (Sm.) Willd. -909- obliqua A. Cunn. obtusifolia A. Cunn.

parramattensis Tindale parvipinnula Tindale pendular A. Cunn. penninervi3 Sieb. ex DC. var. falcifOrmis Benth. no,:,_71:yrifo7.-:.c A. Cunn. ex G. Don pzdA:ccens(Vc,,nt.) R. Br.

p?cnantha L,nth.

rigens A. Cunn. ru,-,idal L. Cunn.

Lind1. scZerovhylia Lindl. sentic, sec A. victoriae spectablis i Cunn. stenophylla A. Cunn. suaveolens (Sm.) Wind.

tetragonopkilla P. Isiu,=-11.

uncifera Benth.

verniciflua Cunn. verniciflua A. Cunn. var. latifbZia Benth. vicacriae Berth. (= sentis F. Muell.) vomeriformi,? A. Cunn,

Ackama paniculat Engl. Acmena (Poir.) Herr. et Perry. Acronye77ia Laueri Schott. AdenocT,:ilus nortonii FItzg. Adiantum aetkiopicum L. formosum P. Br. hispiduZum Sw. Adriana giabrata Gaud. (= A. heteropk4lla Hook.) glaoratal Gaud. var. (,:cerifolia (Hook,) Fax. Aegiceras cornicuLatum (Stickm.) Blanco. Agathis aus-bralis Steud. (N.Z.) Agrostis avenacea Gmel. (= Deyeuxia forsteri Kunth.) Aju5a austraZis R. Br. AZocasia macrorrhizos (L.) Gr. Don. Aiopecurus geniculatus L. Alphitonia exceZsa Reiss. ex Endl. -210-

Alstonia constricta F. Muell. Alternanthera nodiflora R. Br. Althaea officinalis L. (Lxotic) buxifolia R. Br. ,1m=nthus mitcheni. Benth. Ammobiun alatum Cunn.) n.Br. (= Talelichrissum alatum A.Cunn. MSS.) Amyema (Hook.) Tiegh. miquelii (Lehm. ex. Yir.) Tiegh. (- mique7ii Lehm. cx Miq. and L. auranticus A. Cunn.) pendula (Sieb. ex Spreng.) Ticgh. quandang (Lindl.) Tiegh. (= Loranthus auandang Lindl. and L. nutane A. Cunn.) Andropogon bombycinus R.Br. (= Cymbopogon obtectus S.T.Blake) Angophora cordifol-La Cay. cos testa (Gaertn.) Druce. floribunda (Sm.) Sweet.( = intermedia DC.) melanoxylon R.T. Baker subvolutina F. Muell. Anisopcgon avenaceus R. Lr. Actus moilis Benth. Aphananthe philippinensi.s Planch. Apcphb lZum ,znomaZum F. n:_:c11. Araucaria bidwilli Hook. (Q1d.) cu:ininghamii Ait. heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco (= A. excelsa (Lamb)

Archontorhoenix cunninghamiana (Wendl.) Wendl. et Drude. Aristida cal:j cina R. Br. ramosa R. Br. Arthropteris tenena (Forst.f.) J.Sm. Arundo donax L. (exotic) :isperula odorata L. (exotic) Asplenium falcatum Lam. nidus L. Astrebia elzjmcides F. Muell. ex Bail. Zappacea (Lindl.) F. Mucll. ex Benth.(=Dant7lonia Zappacce pectinata (Lindl.) F. Muell. ex Lenth. Lindl.) Atalaya hemigZauca F. Muell. Atherosperma moschatum La till. Atkinsonia ligustrina F. Muer,– von;;174% v2(mi/a00g "T-F)nil d Z2qoas:7-afT ouoosouro opouua-zq ms (rlsioj) wna ooad- Ms wwfu:16:)7?aaro MS °"2-7..7-qou •ag • -a nzoth-purag TpuT ri 2:,wrii3w:„.uuno7 v?..p.rofpuvle

• MS oltpuros nzo-.pav77-zq sTouvia J alTqm Do-:4(17,2 -) "T_Tanw 7,-!.uoaaro apuv aop-!,o-61na rclanz3g ITanTAI • o-zdsnoonbuplb ( 1a 11 . . vxopravd Duarloaalog TT?nN a ( -.2x0Pv,,T2:2 d uosiapuv (•TTanil a) z./?1r-)072,2a0 r an d -a ( • rT,Lurolp • TranW a 2iu/0.12(1 • uarip, (TpuTri) 9-Lu2oo-N v-psyq 3 InIT-1 Vq70,1J00 At?s Jnqoa Nap rvrvu:2-6arw J -uuTI r7.2:o„fla.6?qu 3-1 r7,o47:7,o2ao ry.. ․)upq Tpua op2on2 -2745o:2g uunD If nu:7,-.39-powpa TpuTi v27of7"ssrao 4-->/oorZ IT anN d uJoudopt2os • AITIH qa r,7,7o;:z4J8tu -o-:,snoy>forE

9

nz9;2u2so-,E . .a 2A -LiaTz„ (s_71od) 7.nuuoo-,?-av- ( S tils) 3n4agmoexcony 1411107 xa .nazi oso-.0uodc.3 • rq_roovq? uo TTDV n47_77.?nurdwvoopnod TPUVI rla-v?nwwnu vq-r7.fu.7- TpuTi s7low22nL xold-f-rqy -212-

Boronia anemonifolia A. Cunn. anemonifclia Cunn. var. anethifolia Benth. eriantha Lindl. ledifolla (Vent.) J. Gray parvif7ora Sm. Tinnata Sm. serrulata Sm. Bossiaa carinaZis Benth. _Ilnerca R. fcliosa A. Gunn. heterophylla Vent. scolopendra Sm. BothriochZoa ambigua S.T. Elake Brachyckiton acerifolium (A. Cunn.) F. Muell. discolor F. Muell. populneum R.Br. rupestre (Linda.) K. Schum.(Q1d) BrOMUS arenarius Labill. auetraZia R.Br. (= B. arenarius Labill.) unioloidc:s (Wiled.) Numb. et al. Bruguicra gymnorrhiza Lam. Brunonia auctl-alif-3 Sm. (= B. simplcx Lindl.) 32AZbine- bulbusa(R.Br.) Haw. Eulbophyilum ml,nutisoimum F. MuL,11. Bursaria spinosa Cay. spinosa Cay . var. incana (Linde.) Benth. (= B. incana Lindl., which may vet be restored) Burtonia fo Ziosa (Lenth.) Benth.

C

CaesaZpinia sepiaria Roxh. (exotic) CaZamus mueneri Wendt. et :rude Calandrinia halonensis eremaea Fwart (,= C. pusilla Linde. and C. volubilis Benth.) Ccaanthe )R . Br. (now C. trip Licata (Willemet) Ames) Callicoma serratifolia Andr. Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels rigidus R. Br. sail-gnus (Sm.) DC. -213-

Canitris columenaris F. Muell. endiicheri (Parl.) r ,M. Bail. (= C.calcarata (A. Cunn, ex nirb.) F. Muell. hugell;i (Carr.) Franco (L.. C. giauca R.Br.) now C. columollaris F. "inland form" macleayana (F. Muell) F, Muell. mueneri (Parlat.) F. Muell. Preissii preissii Miq. ssp. murrayensis Garden rreissii Miq. ssp. verrucosa (A. Cunn. ex Endl.) Garden (= C. verrucosa A. Cunn. MSS) rhomboidea R. Br. ex A. L. Rich CaloJtemma luteum Sims (= C. oandidum Lindl,) nurpureum. R. Er. (= Pancratium macquaria A. Cunn.) purpurcum R. Br var. carnea (Lindl.) Benth Calotis cunoiff-,Zia R, Br. scapigera Hook. Canthium Z(7tifb -lium F. Muell. ex Benth. (= Plectronia (F. Muell ex Benth.) Black. oclifoliUM Hook.

Capinipedium parviflorum ( R. Br.) Stap c . (= Chrysopogon, • parvifiorus R.Br.) Benth. Capparis arborea F. Muell. lasiartha R, Br. leranthifolia Lindi. Lindl, umbonata Lindl. Carex appressa R.Br. Kunth. Carpohrotus aeauilaterus (Haw.) N.E. Brown Cassia artemesioides Gaud. australis Sims circinata Fenth. , see nemophila nemoT)hila A. Cunn. ex T. Vogel (= C. eremophila A.Cunn, ex R.Br. and C. c=liculata R.Br.) nemophila A. Gunn. ex T. Vogel var. zygophyna (Benth.)

phynedinea R. Br. sturtii R•Br. Cassytha melantha R. Br. Castanospermum australe A. Cunn. ex Hook. Casuarina cristata Miq. (= C. ZepidophZoia F . Muell.) cunninghamiana glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. Zittoralis Salisb. (= C.suberosa Otto et Dietr.) leuhmanni R.T. Baker stricter Ait. (= C. macrocarpa A. Cunn. MSS.) torulosa Ait. -21.-

Caustis flexuosa R. Br. Clemisic longifolia Cass. Centuarium minus Weimm. (exotic) puicheiium (Sw.) Krause. spicatum (L.) Druce. Centella (;:siatica (L.) Urb. Centipe minute Less. racemosa (Hook.) F. Muell. (= Npiogyne racemosa Hook,) Ceratopetalum apetaZum D. Don. gummiferum Sm. Cheilanthes tenkuifolia (Burm.f.) Sw. Chenopodium album L. (exotic) auricomum Lindl. carinatum R.Br. t-r-i(rarez,n .Eicxan. ct 3ch.ilt • Chloris acicularis Lindl. gayana Kunth. (exotic) truncata R. Br. ventricosa R.Br.((= C. scZerantha Linel.)

Chiloglottis trilabra Fitz. Choretrum candoZZei F. Muell. ex Benth. Cissus antarctica Vent. hypogirtuca A. Gray. Citronella moorei How. Cladium junceum R.Br. Clematis aristcta R, Br. ex DC. faocettii F. Muell.

microphy17,2. DC. microphyna DC. var. 1cptophylia F. Muell. ex Benth. Clerodendron floribundum R. Br. Clianthus formosus (G. Don) Ford et Vickery (= C. speciosus (G. Don) Aschers. et Graebn. and C. dampieri A. Cunn.) Codonearpus cotinifZius F. Mue11. A Comesperma syZvestre Lindl. Commaina cyanea R. Br. Conium maculatum L. Conospernwn sphacelatum Rook. Convolvulus erubescens Sims -215-

Coprosma quadrifida (Labill.) 1Zobinson CordyZine stricta Endl Correa aemula (Lindl.) F. Muell. alba Andr. var. rotundifolia (Lind1.) Benth. Speel:osa Andr. speciosa Andr. var. glabra (lindl.) Benth. speciosa Andr. var. leucoclada (Lindl.) Benth. Corunastylis arvstasioides Fitzg. Craspedia pleiocephala F. Muell. Crataegus oxyacantha L. Crinum flaccidum Herb. pedunculatum R. Br. Crotalaria cunninghamii R.Br. (= C. sturtii R.Br.) dissitiflora (= Pentadynamis incana R.Br.) mitcheni Benth. Cryptandra tomentosa Lindi. Cryptocarya glaucescens R.Br. Cryptostylis subulata (Labill.) Reichenb. f. Cucumis ma() L. var. aarestis Naud. myriocarpus Nnud. (exotic) Cudrania cochinchinensis (Lour.) Kudo et Mosamane Cuscuta tasmanica Engelm. Cyathea australis (R.Br.) Domin cooperi (Hook. ex F. Muell.) Domin Zeichhardtiana (F. Muell.) Copel. Cymbidium canauiculatum R.Br. suave R.Br. Cymbopogon obtectus S.T. Blake (= Andropogon bombycinus R.Br.) refractus (11.11r.) A. Carus (= Andropogon refractus R.Pr.) Cynodon dactyZon (L.) Pers. (possibly exotic) Cytisue scoparius Link. (exotic)

D

Dacrydium frankl-inii Hook. f. (Tas.) Dactylic glomerata L. (exotic) DactyZoctenium radulans (R.Br.) Beauv. Dampiera Zinschotenii F. Muell. (= Linschotenia bicolor De Vriese) scottiana F. Muell. (absorbed into D. stricta (Sm.) R.Br. -21f-

Danthonia eriantha Lindl. Zongifolia R.Br. purpurascens J. Vickery racemosa R.Br. Poniannuiaris (Labill.) R.Br. Daphnandra micrantha (Tul.) Benth. fascicularis Rudge taxifaia A. Cunn. Dave ilia pyxidata Cay. Daviesia brevifOlia Lindl. corymbosa Sm. filipes Benth. tatifolia R.Br. vectinatcr Lindl. umbellulata Sm. Dendrobium, aemulle7; cucumerinum Macieay fdZcorostrum Fitzg. kingianum Bidwill Zinguiforme Sw. pugioniforme A. Cunn. speciosum Sm. teretifaium R.Br. teretifbiium ►.Br. var. fdirfdxii (Fitzg. et F. Muell.) Fitze. trtragonum A. Cunn. Dendrocnide excelsa (Wedd.) Chew (= Laportea gigas Wedd.) photinophylla (Kunth.) Chew (= L. pf7otinorhylla Wedd.) Denhconia oleaster (Lindl.) F. Muell. (= Melicytus oleaster Lindl.) Dennstaedtia davallioides (R.Dr.) T. Moore. Deyeuxia forsteri Kunth. (now Agrostis avenacea Gmel.) cuadris,3ta (Labill.) Benth. Dianena caorulea Sims Zaevis K.Br. Dichelachno crinita (Linn.f.) Hook.f. sciurea (R.Br.) Hook.f. Dichanthium sericewn (R.Br,) A. CrIMUS (= Andropogon sericeus R.Dr.) tenue (R.Br.) A. Camus (= Andropogon affinis R.Br.) Dicksonia antarctica Labill. Digitaria divaricatissima (R.Br.) Hughes (= Panicum divaricatissimum R.Br.) DiZNynic acicuiaris Sieb. ex DC. floribunda Sm. -217-

Dinwynia hispida Lindl. re torte Wandl.) Druce var. phylicoides (A. Cunn.) J. Thompson (= D. phyiicoides A. Cunn.) sericea A. Cunn. Dioscorea transversa R. Br. Dicspyros austrcais(Pobr.) Hiern. mabacea pentamcra 7 . rUell. Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. Diploglottis australia (G. Don) Radikf, Dip/odium punctatwn (Sin R.Er. Disphyma autraic (Solo) N.E. Er. (= Mesembryanthemum austraie Sol.) Diuris aurea Sm. dendrobioic7es Fitzg. striata (Fitzg.) Rupp (= D. spathulata Fitzg.) Dodonaca attenuata A. Cunn. boroniaefolia G. Don. filifotia Hook. (= D. acerosa Lindl.) lobulata F. Muell. pcnduncularis Lindl. (= D. pubescens Lindl.) tenuifolia Lindl. triangularis Lindl. (= E. trigona Lindl. and D. monis Lindl.) truncatiales F. Muell. (= D. calucina A. Cunn. MSS.) v-Istita Hook. Doodia aspera R.Br. caudata (Cay .) R.Br. caudata (Cay .) P.Pr. var. media (R.Er.) Benth. caudata (Cay .) RoBr. var.atkinsonii Wcolls fined. (hort.form) Doryanthes excelsa Corr. Doryphora sassafras Endl. Dracorhynum fitzgiraldii F. Muell. (Lord Howe Island) secundum R.Dr. Du72oisia hopwoodii F. Muell. myoporoides 71-( Br. Dysoxylum frrzseranum _tenth. muelieri Fienth.

E

Echinochioa crusgaili (L.) Beauv. (= Panicum crusgaiii L.) Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms. (exotic) -218-

EZaeocarpus grandis F. Muell. kirtonii F. Muell. obovatus G. Don. reticulatus Sm. Elaeodendron austraZe vent. EZeusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (= E. marginata Lindl.)(Probably exotic) Emmenosperma alphitonioides F. Muell. Enchylaena tomentosa R. Br. Endiandra pubens neissn. sieberi Nees. Enneapogon avenaceus (Lindl.) C.E. Hubbard (= Pappophorum avenaceum Lindl.) flavescens (Lindl.) N.T. Burbidge (= Pappophorum flavescens Lindl.) nigricans (R.Br.) Beauv. (= Pappophorum virgins Lindl.) Epacris apiculata A. Cunn. calvertiana F. Muell. impressa Labill. ZongifoZia Cay. microphylla R. Br. paZudosa R.Br. purpurascens 1?..Br. var. onosmiflora (A. Cunn.) Maiden et Betche (16nosmaeflora A. Cunn.) EpaZtes cunninghamii (Hook)Benth. (= Ethulia cunninghami Hook.) Epilobium gZabellum Forst. f. junceum Forst.f. ex Spreng. Eragrostis australasica (Steud.) C.E. Hubbard (= GZyceria ramigera F. Muell.) brownii(Kunth.) Nees ex Steud. (now E. brownei) eriopoda Benth. Zacunaria F. Muell. tenella (L.) Beauv. Erechtites atkinsoniae F. Muell. Erevocitrue g/auma (Lindl.) Swingle (= Triphada glauca Lindl.) Eremophila bignoniiflora (Benth.) F. (= Stonochilus bignoniaeflorus Benth.) freclingii F. Muell. gnodwinii F. Muell. ZongIVOZia (R.Br.) F. Muell. (= Stenochilus Zongifolius R.Br., S. pubiflorus Benth. and S. salicinus Benth.) maculata (Ker-Gawl.) F. Muell. (=Stenochilus maculatus Ker-Gawl., and S. curvipes Benth.) mitchelli Benth. oppositifolia (= E. cunninghamii R.Br.) sturtii R.Br. EriochZoa rseudoacrotricha (Stapf. ex The/1.) C.E. Hubbard ex S.T. Blake Eriostemon buxifolius Sm. crowei F. Much/. :th:fformis Cunn. (= E. rhombeum Lindl.) 7anceo1atus Caertn. myoporoides DC. chovale A, Cunn. Eucalvtuo aggregata Deane et Maiden cifinis Deane et Maiden agglomerata Mai-!n albens Miq. acmenioides Schau. amplifolia Naud. aZpina Lindl. angophoroides R.T. Baker bancroftii Maiden blakelyi Maiden blaxlanlii Maiden et Cambage botryoides Sm. bicostata Maiden, Blakely et Simmonds bridgesiana R.T. Baker hauerana Schau. bosistoana F. IaK,.11. caleyi Maiden citriodora Hook.(=E.meiissiodorus(or maissiodora) Lindl.) caliginosa Blakely et McKie (Q91d) capitelZata Sm. crebra F. Muall. camaidulensis Dehn.(=E.rostrata Schlecht,) camaZduZensis Dehn. var. acuminata (Hook.) Maiden (= E. acuminata Hook.) cypenocarpa L. Johnson (=E. goniocaZyx F. Muell. ex Miq.) dawsoni R.T. Baker deanei :widen dalrympleana Maiden deloaatensis R.T. Baker (= E. gigantea Hook. f.) divas Schau. dealbata A. Cunn. dumosa A. Cunn. elaeophora F. Muell. eugenioides Sieb. ex Spreng. exi4nia Schau.

fibrosa F. Muell. (= E. siderophloia Benth.) fruticetorum F. Muell. -220-

EucaZyptus oloboidea Blakely globulus Labill. (Tas.) gummifera (Gaertn.) Hochr. (= E. corymbosa Sm.) grandis Hill ex Maiden haemastoma Sm. Zacvopinoa R.T. Baker 7argiflorens F. Muell. (= E. bicolor A. Cunn) leucoxylon F. Muell. iongifelia Link. et Otto. macrorhyncha F. Muell. ex Benth. maculates. Hook. mannifera (A. Cunn. MSS.) Mudie (= E. maculosa R.T.Baker) melanophloia F. Muell. microtheca F. Muell. (= E. coolabah Blakely et Jacobs) microcorys F. Muell microcarpa Maiden melliodora A. Cunn. ex Schau. moluccana Roxb. (= E. hemiphloia F. Muell. ex Benth.) moorei Maiden et Cambage muellerana Howitt. niphophila Maiden et Blakely nowraensis maid= oblonga DC. oleosa F. Muell, oreades R.T. Baker obtusiflora DC, obliqua LHerit. pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. paniculata Sm. piperita Sm. popuZnea F. Muell (= E. populifolia Hook.) pii2,11ar-Ls Sm. propinqua Deane et Maiden punotata DC. penita F. Muell. polyanthemos Schau. quadrangulata Deane et Maiden radiata Sieb. ex DC. resinifera Sm. robusta Sm. rubida Deane et Maiden rudderi Maiden rossii Baker et Smith racemosa Cay. -221-

Eucalyptus saligna Sri. sociaZis F. Muell sieberi L. Johnson smithii R.T. Bak-cr. sideroxyZon A. Cann. ex Woolls stricta Sieb. ex Spreng. stellulata Sieb. ex DC, stuartiana P. Muell. (= F. rerfoZiata A. Cunn. MSS.) tereticornis terminalis F. Muell. tesseilaris F. Muell. (= E. viminalis Hook.) tinghaensis Blakely et McKie umbra R.T. Baker viminalis Labill. T,-,Baker woonsiana R. T. Baker youmani Blakely et McKie Erodium cygnorum Nees Erythrina vespertilio Benth. Eucarya acuminata (R.Br.) Spraguc et Summerhayes (= Fusanus acuminatus R.Br.) Eucarya murrayana T.L. Mitch. (= Fusanus persicarius F. Muell.) Eucryphia moorci F. Muell. Eugenia moorei F. Muell. EulaZia fuiva (R.Br.) Kuntza. Euphorbia eremophila A. Cunn. Euphrasia speciosa R. Br. Eupomatia Zaurina R.Br. Exocarpos aphylla R. Br. cupressiformis Labill.

F Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (exotic) ZittoraZis Labill. pratensis Huds. (exotic) Ficus eugenioides (Miq.) P. Muell. fraseri (?ig.) F. Muell. (= F. stenocarpa F. Muell.) macrophylla Desf. ex Pers. pumila L. (= F. stipulata Thunb.) Considered exotic although C. Moore recorded it from the Hunter River. rubiginosa Desf. ex Vent. stephanocarpa Warb. virens Dryand. in Exit . (= F cunninghamii Miq.) watkinsoniana F.M. Bail. (= F. beilingeri C. Moore) -222-

Fieldia austraZie A. Cunn. Flagellaria indica L. Flaveria austraZasica Hook. nindersia australis bennettiana F. clue 11. macuZosa (Linel.) F. Muell. schottiana F. Muell. xanthoxyZaei. Cunn. ex Hook.) Donin (= F. oxleyanal Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (exotic) Frankenia pauciflora DC. (= F. scabra Lindl.) serpylZifOlia Lindl.

G

Galium aparine L. (exotic) Geijera parvif7ora Lindl. salicifolia Schott. Gleichenia microphylla R.Br. Glosoodia major q.rir, Glyceria austraZis C.E.Hubbard (= G. fluitans (L.)R.Br.) Glycine ciandestina Uendl. tabacina (Labill.) Benth. var. Zatifolia (Benth.)Benth. (= Leptocyamus Zatifolius Benth.) Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa (Lindl.) J.M. Black (=Clidanthera psoraZioides psoraieoides(RBr.)enth. (= Indigofera acanthocarpa Lindl.) F. Muell. Gomphotobiten grandiflorum Zatifaium Sn. Goodenia cycZoptera geniculata L.Dr. glabra R .Drt (= G. flage1lifera De Vriesc) heteromera F. Mud 1. Gossypiwn sturtianum Willis (= G. sturtii F. Muell. , Sturtia gossypioides R.Br.) Gratiola veruviana L. Grevillca acanthifolia A. Cunn. aZpina Lindl. anethifolia (A. Cunn .) R.Br. (= Anadenia anethifolia A. Cunn.)

-223-

GreviZZea aquifolium Lindl. caleyi R.Lr. chrysodendron :.Dr. (= G. mitchellii Hook.) juncifoZia Hook. (= G. sturtii longistyZa Hook. (= G. neglecta robusta Cunn. cx R< r, rosmarinifolia A. Cunn. striata (= G. Zineata Gymnostachys anceps 7- Lr.

H

Hakea leucoptera 1,..1r tethrosperma R. Br . and H. Zongicuspis Hook.) Zorea r propinqua A. Cunn. purpurea Hook. sericea Schrad. teretifolia (Salisb.) J. Britt . Haloragis aspera Lindi, glauca Lindi. Hardenbergia viclacec (Schneev.) Stearn Harpullia rendula Flinch. Helichrysum apicuictum (Labill.) D. Don var. minor Denth. (= H. ramosissimum Hook.) bracteaturn (Vent.) Andr. clatum A. Cunn_. var. glutinosum (Hook.) F. Muell. (= Helipteres glutinosa Hook.) ol-cordatum F. Muell. He,,Ziotropium asperrimum curassavicuT L. HcZipterum moschatum (A. Cunn. ex DC.) Denth. (= Calocephalus gnaphaZioides Hook. and Gnaphalium moschatum A. Cunn. ex DC.) Hemarthria uncinata (= H. compressa R.7r.) Heritiera trifOliata (F, Muell.) Kosterm< Heterodendrum (= Heterodendron) oleifol-Zum Desf. Hibbertia saZigna ex DC, scandens (Wilid.) Gilg. stricta (DC..) P. Muell. var. canescens Benth. (= PZeurandra cistoidea Hook.)

22A-

diversfolius Jaen. heterolus Vent. ofttrtii: t-,Ziaceus tridactuZitec Lindl.(= H. triornir L.) 7!ovcc 1?eterop7:1, 11a Cunn. leiooarpa Benth. 2..Thr. var. rosmarinifoZia (A.Cunn.) renth. (= rosnarinifolic A. Cunn.) filifornic (DC.) f7.oriZ?ung.up (Lindl.) 7.Mue1l. vernonii Pypoxis 77:fgromet:,icc

Imperata cyZin(,rica(L.)7 Beauv. var.ma:ior (TTees)C.E.PubbrIrd. Indigoferc austr7,-,:sTT-Md. lorevidens 12,enth. IDorloea .-1-asilie=7.s. (L.) C.F (- I. pes-caprae pcamatcy Tors1:. Isace .rr. _D-30:7-mc-, lem7=neceir(Lint' . 7ornin momnranac ea Lindl.) Ixiolaena lertolen;, 0 in

Jac7L3onia ramoci3sima .7enth. Jc=inum linecrwe (= J. 777;,°.toci-lii simpiicifoiiwn Forst. suavissimn Lindl.

Juncus maritinus L. var. australensis Nichen Justicia procumbens

Xennec1ic procurrens Tenth. ,-n-Postra3a .Er. ru7-,icunda vent. :emudrenia hookeriana T a . (= integrl:folia Rook.) Koohie ar 7:217-7,c R. Tr. hrev17-,roV-a Tl.rr.( .- X. t7lymifoiia Linel.) lanosa ,ranic7ctr 7ent%. se7,-(fo7.1:a

tome-.1%osa (1:40q ) 7.-11e11. -225-

Kunzea ambigua (Sm.) Druce (= K. corifolia Reichb.) Kyningia brevifolia E.Br.

L

Labichea rupestris Benth. (= L. digitata B2nth.) Lambertia formosa Sm. Lantana cc Tara L, (exotic) Laurentia axillaris (Lindl.) E, T lirn.(=Isctoma axilZaris Lindl.) Zuviatiiis R.Br. E. -1im7,, Lavatera piebeia Sims Leichhardtia australis (= maredenia leichhardtiana F, Muc11._ M. australis (R. Br.) Druce) Lepidosperma gladiatum Labill. Lepidium papillosum F. Muell. Lepironia articulata (I:etz) Dcmin. (= L. mucronata Rich.) Leptochloa digitata (R.Br.) norm. (= L. subdigitata Trin.) Leptomcria acida P.. 13r Leptopteris fraseri (Hook. et Grev.) Pr, Leptospermum attenuatum Sm. (= L. stellatum Cay . and L. sericatum Lindl.) Zaevigatum (Soland. ex Gaertn.) F. scoparium Forst. ct f. Leucopogon cordifolius Lindl. gicia7i2 Lind?. rufus Lind1. Lhotp,kya alpestris (Limn.) F. Lindsaea Zine rris Sw. micrc:9h:illa Sw. LinorTa mono tachyus (fart .) H. uendl. Linum marginate A. Cunn. ex Flanch. Liss,:mthe sapida R. Br. Litsea dealbata (7,73r.) Nees leefeanc 1,!crr. reticulata F. Muell. Livistona australis (R.Br.) Mart. Lobelia gracilis Andr. Logania cordifolia Hook. -226-

Lolium perenm L. (exotic) Lomandra effusa (Lindl.) Ewart (= cfn2na TAndl.) filiformis Britt. leucocephala (R,Br.)Ewart (= Xerotes leucocephala R.Fr.) longifolia Lomatia ilictifolia R.Lr. silaifolia (Sm.) R.Br, Lonchocarouo Lenth. Lotus australis Andr. (= L. laevigatus 2,enth.) coccincus Schlecht. (= L. australis var. pubescens nenth.) Lyperantks cigricans R.Fx. Lysiana linearifolia (Hook.) Tiezh. (= Loranthus linearifoliuP Hook.) subfalcata (Hook.) Barlow (= Loranthus subfalcctus Hook.) Lysicarpus ternifolius F. Muell. (= Tristania angustifolia Hook.) L.

Macadamia ternifolia F. Muell. tc,,traphylla L.A.S. Johnson Maclura see Cudrania Macroz2nia comwunis L. Johnson. spiralis Nig. Malva parz ,iflora L (exotic) Marianthus procumbens (Hook.) Benth. Marsdnia rostrata R.Br. Marsilea drummondii Maytenus cunninglIamii(r. Muell.) Locs. (= Catha cunninghamii Lindl. and Celastrus cunninghamii (Lindl.)F. Mucll.) Medicago sat. iva L. (Lucerne - exotic) Melaleuca armillaris Sm. ericifoli a Sri. ericoides am. glo► ?erata F. Muell. hupericifohia Sm. Zinariifolia Sm., nodosa Sm. pubescens Schau. quinqu,?nervia (Cay .) S.T. :lake (one form = Callistemon nervosum (or nervosus) Lindl.) styphaioides Sm. 227-

Melaleuca trichostachya Lindl. tamariscina Hook. uncinata R.Br. azedarac7- L. var. australasica C.DC. Mentha australis R.Br. dienenica Spreng. grandiflora Benth. puZegium L. satureioides R.Er. Microcitrus australasica (F.Muell.) Swingle Wcrolaena stipoides (Labill.) R.Br. Mimulus gracilis R.Br. Minuria Zepto7hyVia DC. Morgania glabra glabra var. floribunda (Benth.) F.Muell. elliptica (Sm.) R.Br. Mwhlenbeckia cunninghamii (Meissn.) F.Muell. (= Polygonuni nuneeum A. Cunn. doserti A. Cunn. (= M. duZce Benth.) 7iontanum R.Br. pZatycarpum Myriocephalus stuartii (F.Muell. et Sond.) Benth. MyriophYllum verrucosum Lindl.

NeoZitsea dealbata (R.Br.) Merrill. Neurachne mitchelliana Nees Nicotianasuaveolens Lehm. tabacum L. (exotic) Nothofagus moorei (F.Mu,111.)Maiden. (=Faguc carronii C.Moore)

0 OZearia argohylla (Labill.) F.Muell. dentata (Andr.) Noench. pineleoides (DC.) Benth. subspicata (Hook.)Benth. (=Eurybia subspicata Hcck) OmaZanthus populifolius Grah. Onobrychis sativa Lan. (exotic) Op tismenus compositus Beauv. Opuntia stricta Hawn. (exotic) Orites exceisa R.Br. Otte Zia ovalifolic(R.Dr.) Rich. Owenia acidula F.Muell. ceriodora F.Muell. Oxalis corniculata L. p

Pachycornia tenuis(Benth.) J.M Black Pandanus peduncu.Zatus RoBr. Pandorea pandorana (Andr.) Steen.(= Tecoma austraZis R.Br.) Panicum de,compositum R.Br. (= P. Zaevinode effuaum R.3r. obsoptum Trin. •queenslandicum Domin (= P. trachyrhachis Benth.) Pareontraminea (E.Er.) P, Muell. Paspa7igium jubifLorum (Trin.) Hughes. (= Panicum f7avidum Retz.) PaspaZum dz.stichum L. orbiculare Forst. f. (= P. scrobiculatum L.) Passiflore 7-,erbertiana Lindl. Patersonia longifolia R. :r. scricca R.Br, Pelargonium australe Wind. rodneyanum Lindl. (strictly T.L. Mitch. ex Lindl.)

Pallaea falcata (F. 7ir.) FL.e. Persoonia chamaepitys A. Cunn. pinifaia R. Lr. Zanceolata Andr. Petalostylis Zabicheoides R. Lr. Petrophila pulchella Dr. Phebalium ,20bum Line l. glandulosum Hook. Zachnaeoides Cunn. pungens (Lindl.) Benth. Phi Zotheca australis Rudge var. parvi5ora Benth. (= P. ciliate Hook.) Phi lydrum Zanuginosum Gaertn. Phragmites communis Trin. (= Arundo phragmites L.) Phyllanthus mitchelli Benth. (= Worantheum triandrum Hook.) Phytolacca decandra L. octandra L. (exotic) Picris hieracioidec L. (= P. barbarorum Lindl.)(Probably exotic) Pima lea Zigustrina Labill. Zigustrina Labill var.hupericina (A. Cunn.) Benth. Piptocalyx moorei Oliv. -229-

Pittosporum phillyraeoides DC. (now spelt P. rhylliraeoides) (= P. angustifolium Lodd. and P. saZicinum Lindl.) revolutum Ait. undulatum Vent. Planchonella australis (R,Dr.) Pierre. Plantago Zanceolata L. varia R.Br. (= P. struthionis A. Cunn.)

Platyceritsr. bifurcatum (Cay.)C.Chr.(= P. alcicorne Desv.) grande (A. Cunn.) J. Sm. Platysace Zcnceolata (Labill.) Druce. stephensonii (lurcz.) C. Norman (= Trackymene stephensonii Turcz. and Siebera stephensonii (Turcz.)Benth.) Poa australis R.Br. sp. (= P. caespitosa Forst.) caespitosa seal, fordeana F. Muell. (= Glyceria fordeana (F.Muell.) Benth. Podocarpus elatus R.Br. ex Endl. spinulosus (Sm.) R.Br. cx Mirb. Podocoma cuncifolia R.Br. Podoleris arachnoidea (Hook.) Druce (= Rutidosis arachnoidea Hook r) jaceoides (Sims) Druce (= P. acuminata R.Br.) Polymeric longifoZic Lindl. Polyscicz clogans Harms. Pomaderris andromedaefolia A. Cunn. Zedifolia A. Cunn. Portulaca intraterranea J.M. Black oieracea L. Poterium sanguisorba L. (exotic) Pothos longipes Schott. Pratia purpurascens (R.Br.) Benth. (= Lobe Zia purpurascens R.Pr.) Prasophy num roflexwn Fitzg. Protznthera cineolifera R.T. Taker et H. G. Smith euphrasioides Tenth. odoratissima Benth. ovalifoZia R.7r. (= P. ctriplicifoZia A. Cunn. MSS.) ringcns Fenth. Psauderanthcmum variabile (R.) Radlk. f. Pseudocarapa nitidula (Benth.) Merr. et Perry. Pseudomorus brunoniana Bur. Pseudoraphis paradoxa (R.Br.) Pilger (= Chamaeraphis paradoxa (7.- Dr.) Poir. -230-

Psoralea cinerea Lindl. patens Lindl. tenax Lindl. Pteridium esculentum (Forst.f.) Nakai Ptcris umbrosa R.J5r. Pterostylis baptistii Fitzg. curia R.Br. nri.tchaii Lindl. rufa R Br. woollsii Fitzg. Ptilctus alopecuroideus (or aiopocurioides)(Lindl.)F. Muell. (= Trichinium corzicum Lindl.) exaltatus Nees var. semilanatus (Lindl.) Maiden et Betche (= Trichinium semilanatum Lindl.) incanus (P.Br.) Poir. latifOlius R.Br. (Lindl.) F. Mucha.. obovatus (Gaud.) F. Muell. parviflorus (Lindl.) F, Muell Pultenaca canescens A. Cunn. incurvata A. Cunn. monis Lindl. polifOlia A. Cunn. scabra R.Br. var. montana (Lindl.) Benth.

Quintinia sieberi A. DC.

R

Ranunculus inundatus R.Br. ex DC. ZazTaceus Sm. Res tic australis R.Br. Rhagodia billardieri R.Bre hastata r.. Br ZinifoZia R.Br. (now included under Rh. hastata P.Br.) nutans R.Er. parabolica P-Br. spinescens Rhodannia trinervia (Sm.) Blume Rhodosphaora rhodanthema. Muell.) Engl. Desf. -231-

Rimacola elliptica (R.Br.) Rupp (= Hyperanthus ellipticus R,Br.) Ripogonum album R.Br. Rubus hillii P. Muell moorei F. Muell. parvifolius L. rosifolius Sm. vulgaris I.Jeihe et Nees (exotic) (= fruticosus L.) Rumex dumosus A. Cunn. ex Meissn. Rutidosis helychrysoides DC.

S

Salicornia australis Banks et Sol. Salsola kali I- Sambucus australasica (Lindl,) Fritsch. (= Sambucus rer-.1vlocrpez, F. Muell.) SarcochiZus falcatus R. Br Scaevola depauperata R.Br. ramosissima (Sm.) Krause. Schizomeria ovata D. Don. Scirpus nodosuo aottb. vaZidus vahl. Scolopia browns r, F. mell. Sebaea ovata (Labill.) R,Br. Senecio anethifolius A. Cunn. cunn7;nghamii DC. Sesbania aculeata (Schreb ) Poir, Sescli harveyanum Muell Sida corrugata Lindl. var. ovata Benth. corrugata Lindl. (= S. filiformis A. Cunn.) rhombifolia L. virgata Hook. SZoanea australis Muell. Smilax australis R.P3r< glyciphylla Sm. Solanum onenopodium F. Hell . ellipticum R.Br. esuriale Lindl. fcrocissimum Lindl. nigrum L. sturtianum F. Muell. 22,2-

Solanum tetrathecum P. Muell. triflorum Nutt. (exotic) Sorghum haZepense(L.) Pers. (exotic) ZeiocZadum (Hack.) C.E. Hubbard. (= S. pZumosum 3eauv.) Sphagnum cymbifolium Dillen. 5pinifex hirsutua Labill. SporoboZtis caroZi fez. (= S. paTZidus Lindl.) mitchellii (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard virginicus (L.) Kunth. Sprengelia incarnata Sm. Spyridium (= Spiridium) parvifolium (Hook):enth. ex F .Muell Stenocarpus salignus sinuatus Endl. Stipa nervosa J. Vickery puLescens R.Br. setacoa R. Br. scabra Lindl. variabilis Hughes graminifolium Sm. Styphelia ZongifOla Andr.

Swainsona greyana Lindl. greyana Lindl.ss.p bracteata (Maid. et 1.etche) Lee Zaxa a.Br. ,haco-Ides enth. ,,.tipularis F. Muell. sw-7insonioides(rs.2nth.) Lee ex Black (= Cyclogyne swainsonio-Ldes Tenth.) Syncarrio glomulifera (Sm.) Nierneza (= S. Zaurina Ten.) Synoum gZandulosum (Sm.) A. Juss, S ysygium fioribundum F. Muell. (= Eugenia ventenatii Benth.) francisii (F.M. Dail.) L, Johnson paniculatum Gaert. (= Eugenia austral-Ls Wen(11. in Link)

T

Tabernaemontana oriental-is var. angustisepaZa 3enth. Taraxacum officinale Weber (exotic) Tecoma oxleyi A. Cunn. (now considered the inland form of Pandorea pandorana) -233-

Telopea oreades F. Muell. speciosissima R.flr. Tctragonia eremaea Ostenf. tetragonioides (PP11.)Kuntze (= T. expanses Murr.) Tetratheca c7;Ziata juncea Sn. Teucrium racemosum TheZymitra canaliculata (W.A.) ixioides Sw. media R.7-r. Themeda autralie Stapf.(= Anthistiria australis R.:r.) avenacea (F. Muell.) Dur. et Jack. (= Anthistiria avenacea F. Mu:3110) Thryptomn2 calycina (Lindl.) J.M. -black Thysanotus juncifolius (Salisb.) Willis et Court. Todea 1-arbara (L.) T. Moore Toona australis (F.Muz11.)Harms (= Toona ciliata Roem.- CedreZa austraZis F. Muell.: CedreZa toona Roxb. var. australis C.DC.) Traqus austraZianus S.T. lake Tribulus hystrix Trichinium, see PtiZotus zeylanicum (Durm.f.) a.:r. var. sericeum (Lindl.) Benth. Trifolium repens L. Trigonella suavissima Lindl. Triodia irritans P.Tr.

TriraohiP mol lis 11- 1"r. Tristania con ferta a.nr. Zaurina (Sm.) r..:rr. nriifoZia P-7r. suaveclens Sm. Typha angustifolia L. Typhon7:um eliosurum (F.Muell. ex Tenth) Evans

UZex europaeill L. -234-

Urtica dioica L. (exotic) incisa Poir. urens L. (exotic) Utricularia dichotoma Labill. var. uniflora Tenth.

V

Velleia macrocalyx De Vriese Ventilago viminalis Hook. Veronica derwentiana perfoliata Vigna Zanceolata T enth. (= V. suherecta 3enth.) Villarsia exaltata (Soland. ex Si-s) P. Muell. Viminaria juncea (Schrad.) Hoffmgg. Zignum-vitae A. Cum, Vulpia bromoides (L,) S.F. Gray (= Festuca bromoides L.)

Wahlenbergia bicolor Lothian gracilis A.DC. sens.Zat. Westringia rosmariniformis Sri.

X

Xanthium chinense L. (exotic) spinosum Mill. Xanthorrhoea arborea ausraZis R. Br. hastile R.Br. johnsonii Lee. minor 7;..ir. Xerotes, see Lomandra XyZomeZum pyriforme Sm. -935-

Zanthoxylum brachyacant lwm F Muell. Zieria arborescens Sims

7acv‘27.gcr. Sm. obcordata A. Cunn, Zostera capricorni Aschers. mualeri Irmisch. ZygochZoa paradoxa (R,Br.) S,T. Blake (=Pcurachne paradoxa Zygophynum fruticulosum DC. var. hilobum Benth. -B1-

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Note on Location of Sources: Most of the works listed below were either consulted in the following institutions or made available on inter-library loan by them. To the Librarians and Staffs of these institutions grateful thanks are expressed:

The Mitchell Library, Sydney. The Library of New South Wales, Sydney. The National Library of Australia, Canberra. The Diason Library, University of New England, Armidale. The Armidale Teachers College Library. The Public Library of , Melbourne. The Public Library of , Adelaide. The Library of the N.S.W. Forestry Commission, Sydney. The Library of the National Herbarium of N.S.W., Sydney. The Library of the Australian Museum, Sydney. The Library of the National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne.

PLAN OF BIBLIOGRAPHY.

I MANUSCRIPT SOURCES. (a) Original Writings and Transcripts. (b) lacrofilm. Botanical Art. d Theses.

II NEWSPA2ERS PERIODICALS AND JOURNALS (chiefly contemporary and including Parliamentary Papers).

III CONTEMPORARY WORKS (before 1900). (a) Chiefly Historical (including biographical works). (b) Chiefly Botanical.

IV LATER WORKS (after 1900). (a) Chiefly Historical (including the most useful general and Chiefly Botanical. background works, biography and bibliography). (b) -B2 -

I MANUSCRIPT SOURCES

(a) original WritinEs and Transcripts.

Agnew, P. P. (Rev.) : Letter and Scrapbook. ANL. NK1779. Anonymous Surveyor (?) : Table of Forest Trees of N.S.W., MI. Q634.9/T. Arnold, Joseph : Journal. ML. C720. Banks (Brabourne) Papers, especially A78, A81, A82, A83 . Baptist Papers; ML. Uncat, MSS, Set 162. Bigge, J. T. Report: Appendix, Bonwick Transcripts, especially Boxes 1 2 5, 1.1, 12 2 21 ? 22 9 25 9 26, 28. Bowes, Arthur ; Journal, ML. safe p.h,. Drown, Robert : Correspondence, TyT)escript by Miss B. Butcher (originals in Brit,Ius.) ML, Uncat. MSS. Set 226. Bradley, Wm. : Journal, Mi. safe p.h.8. Calvert, Louisa : Correspondence, 1859-1908, ML. A4496. Clark, Ralph : Journal, ML. C219. Colonial Office Miscellaneous Letters, N.S.W., 1832, ML. A2146. Colonial Secretarys In-Letters and Out-Letters, N.S.W. Archives. Committee of Superintendence of the Australian Museum and Botanical Garden : Minute Eook, 1836-1863, Aust. Museum Library. Cunningham, Allan : Journal, ML. A1745. Deans, Henry a Papers, ANL. MS. 610. Evans, George : Journal, EL. MSS. 589. FitLC-eraid, R, D. Papers, 1=. MB. 826. Hassall , Correspandence, Vol.2., EL. id677-2. King, Phillip Park= : Papers - Lethbridge Collection, MI. A3599. and VoT.9 : Further Pa pers, A1980. Dawson, Wt. : Journals ? ML. C120 and C121. Leichhardt, Ludwig : Diaries and Papers ? ML. C161-C163,C139-C144;C148-C149. Macarthur Papers, MI., especially A2933 ! A2937, A2938, A4304. Macquarie, Lachlan Memoranda and Diary, LID. A772 ? A773. Mueller, Ferdinand von : Letters to E. P. Ramsay, 1862-1891. ML. MSS.562. Mueller, Ferdinand von : Letters Received, National Herbarium, South Yarra, nelbourne. N.S.W. Governors Despatches, ML, especially 1830-1845 Oxley, John : Papers, ML. A5322 and MSS. 589. Oxley, John : Report on Timber in Illawarra, ML. A015 2/2. Railway Papers, MI. A281. Ramsay, Edward Pearson : Correspondence, 1860-1912, ML. MSS.562 and 563. Rudder Papers, 1856-1911, MI. MES.856 and ML. A1685.

Sharpe, Thomas (Rev.) : Paters, 1826-1869. MI. A1502. Sydney Botanic Gardens : i;iscellaneous Papers, N.S.W. Archives, 4/7577. Taylor, Richard (Rev.) : Diary, original in Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, xerox co py in possession of Professor A. T. Yarwood, typescript copy, ML. 115816. Wentwol-th, Wm. C. : Journal of journey across the Blue Mt s. ML. C122. Wentworth Pa-rers, 1785-1826, ML. MS8.8. and Dl. Woodriff Pa pers, 1805-1849, ML. 1_3006. Woolls, : The Plants of Rev South Wales... 1LTJ. MSS.873.

(b)

Banks, Joseph s Banks Papers : Letters 1789-1818 relating to Allan Cunningh= et al. (Originals in Sutro Collection, State Lib., California). ANL. G026. Bennett Papers, AIL. FTZ/237, P113/2 38 9 71;i4/228. Gardner, Wm. : Productions and Resources of the Nor Thorn Districts of U.N.E. Archives, 1„:20 (7.117). Linneaa, Socicty of London, Papers, hit 59 1114/2700. Rouse, Richard : Records of Parramatta Lumber Yard, 1805? and later. 1,11. FM4/2119. Stunt, Charles; Sturt Papers : Journals, Maps, Letters, 1828-1869. Mi. FE4/21.

(c) Botanical Art.

Adams, or W.• : Sketches of Australian Plants, WiL. ILES715.

Anon. : Album of Australian Water Colours of Flowers Insects, C.18439 NK.2717. Calvert, Louisa (C.L.W. Atkinson) : Illustrations of Ferns, ML. A4-498. Sketchbooks, MI. A4499-.A.4500. Specimen plates of proposed work, ML. A4501. Darling, Elizabeth : Australian -lowers, o.1830. ML. B1026. Fenton, G. C. : Album of Watercolours, AND. NL.233. FitzGerald, R. D. : Unpublished Drawings, ML. Af 78/1 and 78/2; ML. D249.

Forde, Helena : Botanical Paintings, MI. A1710. Kerry, Chnrles -; Co. : Photograph Albums: Australian Trees, Forest Flora, nTJ. Q6)4.9K. Lewin, John : Paintings in Bligh Family Scrapbook in possession of Miss Patricia Morse; Armidale. - B4 - LycettyJosetn : Watercolours of Plants, ALL. NK.635. TiLne:1,ac Edward Wm. : Botanical Sketches and Drawings, ML.D31. Paty, Dorothy : Wild Flowers around NeJ/castle,- DEL. ITK.1494. Scientific Factories, ML. Drawer 15. Stanley, Owen : Watercolours of Australian Flora, 1839-184, ML. C281. Thack0r, T. I. and 11, (nisscs) : Australian flowers: Watercolour Paintings, A30,3-A305-.

(d) Theses. Gilbert, Lionel A. : Botanical Invstiaation of ryas tents Seaboard Australia, 1788-1610: An examination of the means by which Imowledge of the seaboard of eastern mainland .ilustria was gained so rapidly during the first twenty- two years of settlement, E.A.Hons., Dept. of History, University of New England, 1962. Throughout the present study, this is referred to as Th e sis I .

II ZEWSPAPERS PERIODICliLS A-i\TD JOURNALS, chiefly contemporary, and including:; Parliamentary Papers (years indicated were of particular value).

.2Ericuitural Gazette of New South -.;:ales, Syd., 1890-1910. Australian, Syd., issues of 1830s and 1840s . Australian Academ2L_Science Records, Canberra, 1966 to the present. Australian Forestry Journal, Syd., 1918-1930. Australian Quarterly Journal of Theology, Literature and Science, Sydo, 1828. Australian Town and Country- Journal, Syd., 18 70s to 1890s. -Botanic Gardens : Reports (especially those compiled by Charles Moore, 1148-1896 - earlier reports are included in MS. material). Brown, John Ednie : Album of NowscuttinEs from various sources, Library 04 I;.S,W. Forestry Commission. Calvert, Louisa : Newscuttings, L. A4497. Contributions from the Hew South Wales Kational Herbarium, Syd., 1939 to the present. Horticultural 1;ify:azine and aardeners t and Amateurs t Calendar, Syd., 1864-1871. Kew Bulletin, Land., 1906. Tiinnean Society of London, Journal, 1869-188• . Linnean Society of New South Walesjroceeclins, Sydney, 1875 to the present Muelle-ria : An Australian Journal of Botany, Melb., 1955 to the present. - B5 - New South Wales Government Gazette. New South Wales Medical Gazette, Syd., 1870-1872. Philoso phical Societ y of Transactions, Syd., 1862-1865. Public Service Journal Svd— 1902-1904. Royal Australian Historical Society l_ Journal anC, Proceedings, Syd., 190/. to the I:present. Royal Society of New South Wales, Journal and Proceedin gs, Syd., 1876 to the present; also Transactions, 1867-1875. Sydney Gazette, Syd., 1803-1842. Sydney C,uardian, Syd., 1848-185C. S:Tdncy Herald, Syd., 1831-1842 and S ydney Iviorninc Herald, Syd., 1842 to the present. Sydney Mail, Syd., 1660-1877. Sydney Monitor and Monitor, Syd., especially 1826-1833 . Sydney Magazine of Science and tart, Syd., 1858-1859. Victorian Naturalist, 1885 to the present. Votes and Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly of New South Wales.

III CONTEEPORLRY WORKS.

(a) Chiefly Historical.

A Visit to Australia and its Gold Regions, Land., 1856. Angas, George French: : Australia: A Popular Account of its Physical Features Inhabitants Natural History and Productions... Lond. 1855 . Angas, George French : Savage Life and Scenes in Australia and New Zealand, Lend., 1847. Atkinson, James : An Account of the State of Agriculture and Grazing in New South Wales, Lond., 1826. Australia; its Scenery, Natural History and Resources with a glance at its Gold Fields, Lond.,T_d.18547. Backhouse, James : A Narrative of a Visit to the Australian Colonies, Land., 1343. Backhouse, James : Extracts from the Letters of James Backhouse, now engaged in a religious visit to Van Diemens land, and New South Wales... 3rd Ed. Lond., 1838. Baden-Powell, George S. : New Homes for the Old Country, Land., 1872. Balfour, J. O. : A Sketch of New South Wales, Land., 1845. Barry, W. J. : Glimpses of the Australian Colonies and New Zealand, Auckland, 1903. Bartley, Nehemiah : Australian Pioneers and Reminiscences, Eris., 1896. Bartley, Nehemiah : Opals and Agates; or, Scenes under the Southern Cross Bris., 1892. Barton, Robert D. : Reminiscences of an Australian Pioneer, Syd., 1917. Beaglehole, J. C. (Ed.) : The Endeavour Journal of Joseph Bankst1/68- 1771, Syd., 1962. Beaglehole, J. C. (Ed.) : The Journals of Ca ptain James Cook on his Loyages of Discover 7, , Camb., 1955. Bigge, Thomas : Re port of the Commissioner of Enquiry into the State of Agriculture and Trade in the Colony of New South Wales, Land., 1823. Bigge, John Thomas : Reuort of the Commissioner of Enquiry into the State of the Colony of New South Wales, Land., 1822. Bigge, John Thomas : Re ort of the Cor=issioner of Enquiry on the Judicial Establishments of Hew South Wales and Van Diemen s Land, Land., 1823. Bladen, F. M. (Ed.) : Historical Records of New South Wales, Syd., 1893- 1901. Bland, Wm. (Ed.) : journey of Discovery to Port Phillip, New South VThles, byMessrs. Messrs.W W. H. Hovell and Hamilton Hums in 1824 and 1825, Syd., 1831. Blaxland, Gregory : A Journal of a Tour of Discover, across the Blue Mountains " 0, Syd., 1913 . Breton, Wm. H. : Excursions ir Kew South Wales, , and Van Dienans Land, during the years 1830 1831, 1832, and 1833. Land., 1833. Britten, James Boulter, G. S. : A 76iographical Index of British and Irish Botanists, Lend., 1893. Byrne, J. C. : Swelve Years Wanderings in the British Colonies, Land., 1848. Collins, David : An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales, with Remarks on the Dispositions, CustomILIfifLners, c. of the Native Inhabitants of that Country, Land., 17q8. Collins, David : An Account ad the Colony in New South Wales, from its First Settlaxi, ent in January 1788 to August 1801: with Remarks on the DisnositionkLa_LILEEILaaluaLa91: the Native Inhabitants of that Country , Lond., 1802. Coo per, Frederic de Ercba4t : Wild Adventures in Australia and New South Wales beyond the Boundaries..., Lond., 1857. Cox, Wt. : Memoirs of William Cox J.P. Syd., 1901. Cunningham, Peter : Two Years in New South Wales and Ed., Lond., 182 Dangnr, Henry : Index and Directory to Map of the Country bordering upon the River Hunter ..,, Loud., 1828. Dawson, Robert : The Present State of Australia ... 9 Lond., 1830. Dawson, W. R. (Ed.) : The Banks Letters, Loud., 1958. .9V8I "P u-01. 40T71 s i a9q4-mbs aqq. tic sTTJTu, uq TIJSV Jc socu:?osTuTuaT : j_ 0 ‘ucsapoH

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